Evolution Of Architecture Research Articles

Facies controls and tectonic evolution on oil accumulation and entrapment in the Cenomanian Abu Roash G member, northern-central Egypt: Deltaic and channel sandstones as good reservoirs

Along northern-central Egypt, the oil accumulation and entrapment were mainly controlled by variable parameters including the stratigraphic architecture, sedimentary features, and tectonic evolutions. The present paper presents a new model for oil occurrences in the Abu Roash G Member (Cenomanian) along Gindi, Abu Gharadig and to a few extents the Beni Suef basins, in the northern-central part of the Western and Eastern Deserts of Egypt. The studied concessions include the Wadi El Rayan, East Bahariya and El Diyur (Gindi basin and Abu Gharadig basins, Western Desert) and the Ghariboun (Beni Suef Basin, Eastern Desert) fields. Twenty sedimentary facies were recorded from the studied subsurface sections of the Abu Roash G Member and grouped into three facies associations. A new depositional model is achieved where estuarine, open marine, deltaic distributaries, and tidal channel deposits are the main facies associations recorded in the studied Abu Roash “G". These deltaic and channel deposits occurred as an arch like form between open marine and estuarine deposits. These deltaic and tidal channel sandstone deposits act as a good reservoir to accumulate oil from nearby areas. As well, these areas were subjected to the well-known Syrian arch compressional deformation that affected northern Egypt during the Mesozoic, up to late Senonian time. A regional NE-SW oriented fold system took place, forming NE-SW oriented ridges in addition to the dextral strike-slip movement that took place along these ridges because of this compressional deformation.To sum up, oil accumulation in the studied Abu Roash G Member was mainly controlled by facies distribution mainly of channel sandstone enhanced by the tectonic movements (Syrian Arc System) affecting the areas studied.

MOSAIC – a neglected fragment of UK’s computer story

The development of MOSAIC (Ministry of Supply Automatic Integrator or Computer), derived from Alan Turing’s innovative design for an Automatic Computing Engine (ACE) is examined. MOSAIC reflects some of the important technology developments in stored program computing and the nascent UK computer industry. The contribution from the British Post Office (BPO), particularly the Dollis Hill research establishment, in developing MOSAIC is significant. Further development of the machine took place following its deployment at the Radar Research Establishment (RRE) in Malvern, demonstrating aspects of the ongoing evolution of the computer field. Its development is described with reference to the main ACE development allowing its place in the evolution of computer architectures to be evaluated.

The evolution of data storage architectures: examining the secure value of the Data Lakehouse

The evolution of data storage architectures: examining the secure value of the Data Lakehouse

Developments and evolution of housing architecture in the post-Corona era with a health-oriented approach

This research, with a descriptive-analytical approach and in a pragmatic way, examines the evolution of housing architecture after COVID-19. Thirty experts in architecture and urban planning made up its statistical population. A combination of artificial intelligence algorithms, tree data mining techniques, and the FTOPSIS multi-criteria decision analysis method have been applied to the information analysis process. A panel of experts was formed to gather information, and the criteria of housing design that had evolved in the post-corona period were identified by designing a questionnaire on the Likert scale (i.e., a psychometric scale named after its inventor)—the primary influential factors in the pattern of housing architecture after the Corona period were determined. The findings showed a significant correlation between housing architecture in the post-corona period and people's health patterns. Results showed that the factors that have the most significant impact on the evolution of housing in the region under investigation include the new function of housing (0.152), changing behavioral interactions (0.152), design criteria (0.145) and the passive ventilation factor with a score of 0.113. Other results showed that the physical distance as well as quarantine and isolation components obtained a score of 0.359 and 0.328, respectively, and were identified as the most critical developments in housing architecture. Finally, data mining findings showed that the spatial quality variable in the first phase had the most significant influence on the growth and fortification of the evolution of housing components at the study area level and the promotion of the health of people in the community in the post-pandemic period.

Ethnohistory as a research strategy for traditional architecture history: A systematic literature review

The history of Indonesian traditional architecture has not yet addressed the history of architecture itself; instead, it has only addressed national and regional universal history as a backdrop or ancestry. Furthermore, the sources mainly relied on Western paradigm-adhering written documents and literature rather than empirical sources from a specific cultural community, particularly oral traditions. As a result, the significance of historical context for the evolution of Indonesian architecture has diminished somewhat. Indeed, anthropology, archaeology, and history have long used ethnohistory as a research methodology. Furthermore, traditional architecture has been mentioned in these studies. How does one go about researching the history of traditional architecture using ethnohistory? The objectives of this research are to identify research trends on this topic as well as to discover novelty as a new direction for future studies. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) method to descriptively analyze a big dataset and examine the content of primary data selected from publications between 2013 and 2023. It indicates how very promising the research trend is for architecture science. Furthermore, this study develops three research focuses, approaches, implications and constraints in light of the data gathered and examined.

The mitochondrial genome of Bottapotamon fukienense (Brachiura: Potamidae) is fragmented into two chromosomes

BackgroundChina is the hotspot of global freshwater crab diversity, but their wild populations are facing severe pressures associated with anthropogenic factors, necessitating the need to map their taxonomic and genetic diversity and design conservation policies.ResultsHerein, we sequenced the mitochondrial genome of a Chinese freshwater crab species Bottapotamon fukienense, and found that it is fragmented into two chromosomes. We confirmed that fragmentation was not limited to a single specimen or population. Chromosome 1 comprised 15,111 base pairs (bp) and there were 26 genes and one pseudogene (pseudo-nad1) encoded on it. Chromosome 2 comprised 8,173 bp and there were 12 genes and two pseudogenes (pseudo-trnL2 and pseudo-rrnL) encoded on it. Combined, they comprise the largest mitogenome (23,284 bp) among the Potamidae. Bottapotamon was the only genus in the Potamidae dataset exhibiting rearrangements of protein-coding genes. Bottapotamon fukienense exhibited average rates of sequence evolution in the dataset and did not differ in selection pressures from the remaining Potamidae.ConclusionsThis is the first experimentally confirmed fragmentation of a mitogenome in crustaceans. While the mitogenome of B. fukienense exhibited multiple signs of elevated mitogenomic architecture evolution rates, including the exceptionally large size, duplicated genes, pseudogenisation, rearrangements of protein-coding genes, and fragmentation, there is no evidence that this is matched by elevated sequence evolutionary rates or changes in selection pressures.

Pervasive tissue-, genetic background-, and allele-specific gene expression effects in Drosophila melanogaster.

The pervasiveness of gene expression variation and its contribution to phenotypic variation and evolution is well known. This gene expression variation is context dependent, with differences in regulatory architecture often associated with intrinsic and environmental factors, and is modulated by regulatory elements that can act in cis (linked) or in trans (unlinked) relative to the genes they affect. So far, little is known about how this genetic variation affects the evolution of regulatory architecture among closely related tissues during population divergence. To address this question, we analyzed gene expression in the midgut, hindgut, and Malpighian tubule as well as microbiome composition in the two gut tissues in four Drosophila melanogaster strains and their F1 hybrids from two divergent populations: one from the derived, European range and one from the ancestral, African range. In both the transcriptome and microbiome data, we detected extensive tissue- and genetic background-specific effects, including effects of genetic background on overall tissue specificity. Tissue-specific effects were typically stronger than genetic background-specific effects, although the two gut tissues were not more similar to each other than to the Malpighian tubules. An examination of allele specific expression revealed that, while both cis and trans effects were more tissue-specific in genes expressed differentially between populations than genes with conserved expression, trans effects were more tissue-specific than cis effects. Despite there being highly variable regulatory architecture, this observation was robust across tissues and genetic backgrounds, suggesting that the expression of trans variation can be spatially fine-tuned as well as or better than cis variation during population divergence and yielding new insights into cis and trans regulatory evolution.

Data Lakes: A Survey of Concepts and Architectures

This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the evolution of data-lake technology, with a particular focus on data-lake architectures. By systematically examining the existing body of research, we identify and classify the major types of data-lake architectures that have been proposed and implemented over time. The review highlights key trends in the development of data-lake architectures, identifies the primary challenges faced in their implementation, and discusses future directions for research and practice in this rapidly evolving field. We have developed diagrammatic representations to highlight the evolution of various architectures. These diagrams use consistent notations across all architectures to further enhance the comparative analysis of the different architectural components. We also explore the differences between data warehouses and data lakes. Our findings provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to understand the current state of data-lake technology and its potential future trajectory.

(Epi)mutation Rates and the Evolution of Composite Trait Architectures.

AbstractMutation rates vary widely along genomes and across inheritance systems. This suggests that complex traits-resulting from the contributions of multiple determinants-might be composite in terms of the underlying mutation rates. Here we investigate through mathematical modeling whether such a heterogeneity may drive changes in a trait's architecture, especially in fluctuating environments, where phenotypic instability can be beneficial. We first identify a convexity principle related to the shape of the trait's fitness function, setting conditions under which composite architectures should be adaptive or, conversely and more commonly, should be selected against. Simulations reveal, however, that applying this principle to realistic evolving populations requires taking into account pervasive epistatic interactions that take place in the system. Indeed, the fate of a mutation affecting the architecture depends on the (epi)genetic background, which itself depends on the current architecture in the population. We tackle this problem by borrowing the adaptive dynamics framework from evolutionary ecology-where it is routinely used to deal with such resident/mutant dependencies-and find that the principle excluding composite architectures generally prevails. Yet the predicted evolutionary trajectories will typically depend on the initial architecture, possibly resulting in historical contingencies. Finally, by relaxing the large population size assumption, we unexpectedly find that not only the strength of selection on a trait's architecture but also its direction depend on population size, revealing a new occurrence of the recently identified phenomenon coined "sign inversion."

Architettura rurale in legno: i tabià della Valle del Biois nelle Dolomiti Venete7

This essay examines the evolution of rural wooden architecture in the Dolomite valleys, with a focus on the Valle del Biois in Veneto. The historical and cultural significance of these constructions is explored, tracing the increasing interest in these structures during the early 20th century to contemporary preservation and promotion efforts. The transformation of construction techniques and living habits due to emigration and industrial growth is analysed, with special attention to the variety of materials and architectural styles used. Understanding the constructive aspects of these buildings allows for a philologically coherent recovery and the development of practical instructions for their maintenance. The value of these artefacts must be promoted and conserved in a way that is consistent with the new economies and ways of life of Alpine regions. Despite the absence of any officially recognised institutional management, the importance of rural heritage is underlined and recognised through the creation of strategic programs for its valorisation. The author emphasises the urgency of a coordinated approach to the conservation of rural Alpine heritage, highlighting the importance of cooperation among regions and across disciplines.

Low evolutionary potential for blue-green egg colouration in a wild bird population.

Exploring the evolutionary architecture of female sexual traits and their potential evolvability is important to understand their possible role as post-mating sexual signals. Egg colouration has been proposed to be one of these post-mating sexual signals, honestly advertising female quality in birds, especially in blue-green laying species. In this study, we used an animal model in a Bayesian framework to estimate the evolvability of multiple descriptors of blue-green egg colouration and egg size in a wild long-term monitored population of spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor). Our results show low to moderate heritability (h2 = 0.31 - 0.44) for three egg colour descriptors (blue-green chroma, chroma and lightness) and egg size. Using the coefficient of additive genetic variance (CVA) and the evolvability (IA) as proxies of evolutionary potential of all components of this trait, we found low values of CVA for all these variables, suggesting a small evolutionary potential of these phenotypic traits, contrasting to previous results reported in another blue-green egg laying species. Our results indicate a modest raw genetic material of this trait on which sexual selection can act upon and, therefore, a small probability for these traits to respond easily to selection.

Assessment of Ornamentation as a Cultural Identity of Mosques in Lagos State, Nigeria

Nigeria's distinctive indigenous architecture is influenced by many historical traditions. The mosque, as the community's principal place of prayer, stands out as a unique architectural style. This research aims to investigate and evaluate the role of ornamentation in mosques throughout Lagos State as a significant element of cultural identity. By analyzing the intricate decorative elements, this study illustrates the various cultural influences shaping these sacred spaces. Focusing on select mosques in Lagos, this work highlights the architectural evolution and its contribution to defining cultural identity in the region.

Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of Theretra japonica (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

Theretra japonica is an important pollinator and agricultural pest in the family Sphingidae with a wide range of host plants. High-quality genomic resources facilitate investigations into behavioral ecology, morphological and physiological adaptations, and the evolution of genomic architecture. However, chromosome-level genome of T. japonica is still lacking. Here we sequenced and assembled the high-quality genome of T. japonica by combining PacBio long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C data. The genome was contained in 95 scaffolds with an accumulated length of 409.55 Mb (BUSCO calculated a genome completeness of 99.2%). The 29 pseudochromosomes had a combined length of 403.77 Mb, with a mapping rate of 98.59%. The genomic characterisation of T. japonica will contribute to further studies for Sphingidae and Lepidoptera.

Facies architecture and depositional evolution of the Middle Eocene mass flow-dominated fan delta complex in the multifeeder areas: Elazığ Marine Basin (Eastern Türkiye)

Facies architecture and depositional evolution of the Middle Eocene mass flow-dominated fan delta complex in the multifeeder areas: Elazığ Marine Basin (Eastern Türkiye)

Procedure e metodologie per la conoscenza e il disegno delle architetture della città

The experience in comparative reading the architectural components as of their role in urban interrelationships provides the opportunity to promote some reflections and exemplifications on the relevance of history as a primary reference source along any path of urban growth and architectural evolution; on the meaning of the critical evaluation of the epoch and time progression in the juxtaposition of urban segments; last but not least, on identifying, thanks to the comparative tool of the ‘cross’ reading, and measuring the capability of the city’s structures to know how to develop and actively encompass the stratification that the historical process imposes to dignify and valorise the contemporary city. On the shared assumption that every survey activity is indeed an act involving measurement, geometric reference, structural and technological analysis, historical documentation, and is, above all, an interpretative reading task that seeks to provide a critical and cognitive evalu- ation of the examined architecture, it is fair to state that its primary purpose is to render the architectural qualities of the relevant elements, whether they are analysed as per their individ- uality or as part of the whole organism. By its very nature, the survey activity is committed to translating the continuum of reality into a system of features, traces, and signs, i.e., encoding elements of a linguistic code that is widely shareable and, therefore, transmissible. The tran- sition from the complexity of reality, from the continuum of architectural matter to the com- plexity of drawing sign structure, a challenging operation involving the discretisation of reality and its figurative rearrangement, inevitably implies an interpretative gestation concerning the surveyed object.

India-Japan Relations @ 70: From Civilisational to Strategic Partnership

The rapidly changing strategic scenarios in Asia have increased Japan’s ties with India over the last few years. Major global and regional geo-political shifts have taken place in the contemporary world, which include the rise of China, the US policy of rebalancing and pivoting to Asia, and the response of regional countries, evolution of a new security architecture in Asia, maritime security challenges in Indian and Pacific Oceans, nuclear tests by North Korea, tensions on account of territorial disputes in South China Sea and East China, the evolution of ASEAN into an ASEAN community. In these contexts, the two Asian democracies have made concerted attempts to intensify their relationship at various levels- economic, strategic and political. Though the two countries had never exhibited much keenness in each other’s priorities, a confluence of various factors such as structural, domestic and individual leadership have given a new push to the bilateral relationship in recent years. The present paper attempts to examine and evaluate the changing dimensions of bilateral relations between the two Asian democracies against the backdrop of the Indo-Pacific region's evolving security and strategic scenarios.

Challenges and strategies of software engineering in big data environment

Software engineering in a big data environment involves developing and maintaining large-scale, scalable, data-intensive applications in a rapidly evolving technology domain. As data volumes grow exponentially, so do the requirements for software systems to process and analyze this data. These systems need to be able to efficiently store, retrieve, process and analyze data collected from sources such as social media, IoT devices, enterprises and scientific research. Software engineers must address challenges including data heterogeneity and quality, scalability of data storage and computation, and real-time processing of high-speed data streams. With the evolution of technology, new architecture and database technologies have emerged, such as NoSQL and distributed computing frameworks. These technologies have challenged traditional methods of software engineering practice and also brought new design and implementation strategies.

Controls on the facies and architecture evolution of a fan delta in Qinghai Lake, China

Controls on the facies and architecture evolution of a fan delta in Qinghai Lake, China

Using Hypotheses to Manage Technical Uncertainty and Architecture Evolution in a Software Start-up

Using Hypotheses to Manage Technical Uncertainty and Architecture Evolution in a Software Start-up

Parallel evolution of integrated craniofacial traits in trophic specialist pupfishes.

Populations may adapt to similar environments via parallel or non-parallel genetic changes, but the frequency of these alternative mechanisms and underlying contributing factors are still poorly understood outside model systems. We used QTL mapping to investigate the genetic basis of highly divergent craniofacial traits between the scale-eater (Cyprinodon desquamator) and molluscivore (C. brontotheroides) pupfish adapting to two different hypersaline lake environments on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We lab-reared F2 scale-eater x molluscivore intercrosses from two different lake populations, estimated linkage maps, scanned for significant QTL for 29 skeletal and craniofacial traits, female mate preference, and sex. We compared the location of QTL between lakes to quantify parallel and non-parallel genetic changes. We detected significant QTL for six craniofacial traits in at least one lake. However, nearly all shared QTL loci were associated with a different craniofacial trait within each lake. Therefore, our estimate of parallel evolution of craniofacial genetic architecture could range from one out of six identical trait QTL (low parallelism) to five out of six integrated trait QTL (high parallelism). We suggest that pleiotropy and trait integration can affect estimates of parallel evolution, particularly within rapid radiations. We also observed increased adaptive introgression in shared QTL regions, suggesting that gene flow contributed to parallel evolution. Overall, our results suggest that the same genomic regions may contribute to parallel adaptation across integrated suites of craniofacial traits, rather than specific traits, and highlight the need for a more expansive definition of parallel evolution.