Development Of Law Research Articles

Opinion consensus incorporating higher-order interactions in individual-collective networks

Abstract In the current information society, the dissemination mechanisms and evolution laws of individual or collective opinions and their behaviors are the research hot topics in the field of opinion dynamics. First, in this paper, a two-layer network consisting of an individual-opinion layer and a collective-opinion layer is constructed, and a dissemination model of opinions incorporating higher-order interactions (i.e. OIHOI dissemination model) is proposed. Furthermore, the dynamic equations of opinion dissemination for both individuals and groups are presented. Using Lyapunov’s first method, two equilibrium points, including the negative consensus point and positive consensus point, and the dynamic equations obtained for opinion dissemination, are analyzed theoretically. In addition, for individual opinions and collective opinions, some conditions for reaching negative consensus and positive consensus as well as the theoretical expression for the dissemination threshold are put forward. Numerical simulations are carried to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results, as well as the influence of the intra-structure, inter-connections, and higher-order interactions on the dissemination and evolution of individual opinions. The main results are as follows. (i) When the intra-structure of the collective-opinion layer meets certain characteristics, then a negative or positive consensus is easier to reach for individuals. (ii) Both negative consensus and positive consensus perform best in mixed type of inter-connections in the two-layer network. (iii) Higher-order interactions can quickly eliminate differences in individual opinions, thereby enabling individuals to reach consensus faster.

Study on Elastoplastic Damage Constitutive Model and Permeability Evolution Law of Gas-Bearing Coal

Study on Elastoplastic Damage Constitutive Model and Permeability Evolution Law of Gas-Bearing Coal

Hydrodynamics of standing-and-walking on the water surface by dolphins using collaborative movements of the body and fins

To break the application scenario limitations of traditional bionic underwater robots and open up the way of information docking between underwater and water surface, a systematic study was conducted on the cross-medium standing-and-walking (SAW) behavior of dolphins under the collaborative movements of the body, caudal, and pectoral fins. A three-dimensional physical model of the biomimetic dolphin robot was established, a collaborative movement law of the body, caudal, and pectoral fins was proposed, and the SAW behavior under two modes, Homologous and Reverse modes, was realized. The mapping relationship between the robot's kinematic parameters and hydrodynamic performance parameters was analyzed, the respective advantages of the two vertical walking modes were compared, and the SAW mechanism of the two modes was revealed physically with the help of the evolution law of the flow field around the robot. The results show that the biomimetic dolphin robot can realize cross-medium SAW behavior through the collaborative movements of the body, caudal pectoral fins. It is worth noting that the Hom mode has a superior walking speed, which can reach up to 0.27 m/s, an increase in 83.3% compared to the Rev mode under the same conditions, while the Rev mode has better walking stability, with a minimum fluctuation rate of 2.59%, a 30.8% improvement compared to the Hom mode. This research provides a novel idea for enhancing the surface operation capability of traditional biomimetic underwater robots and provides an important fluid mechanics theoretical basis for the design of new generation of cross-medium dolphin robots.

Numerical simulation of ultrasonic P-wave propagation in water-bearing coal based on gas-liquid homogeneous wave velocity model

This paper establishes the equivalent density and equivalent P-wave velocity models of coal bodies with different water saturation, and investigates the P-wave propagation evolution law of coal bodies with different water saturation from the perspective of numerical simulation. When the experimental coal samples continue to use high-pressure water after reaching the natural saturation state, the water saturation can be further increased, and the increase in water saturation is larger, and the corresponding P-wave velocity also appears to be increased more substantially, and this phenomenon also occurs in numerical simulation results, which indicates that the P-wave velocity will have an obvious increasing trend when the coal body is from nearly saturated to fully saturated. The experimental and numerical simulation results show that the P-wave velocity of coal samples increases with the water saturation degree in a similar exponential function, which further verifies the reasonableness and feasibility of the modelling based on the assumption of gas-liquid homogeneous medium. In addition, the propagation of P-wave in coal samples is affected by the pore and fracture structure, and the pore and fracture with small pore size has less influence on the P-wave, and vice versa.

A microcrack-based anisotropic damage model for concrete under mechanical loading and calcium leaching

In underground construction, concrete is always subjected to triaxial stress and calcium ion leaching, which results in anisotropic damage to concrete and reduce the durability of the structure. To capture the anisotropic damage properties of concrete subjected to mechanical-chemical coupling effects and predict the durability of underground concrete structure accurately, a microcrack-based anisotropic damage model is proposed. The mechanical damage, reflecting the density and direction of the microcracks caused by mechanical loading, is defined by a second-order tensor. The degree of chemical damage is defined by the amount of solid calcium phase lost in the concrete. Considering oriented microcrack and the influence of chemical damage on fracture toughness, the anisotropic mechanical damage evolution law of microcrack was established by linear fracture mechanics. A phenomenological chemical model governed by a diffusion law considering the variation of diffusion coefficient with stress induced microcracks is defined to describe the calcium dissolution process. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Compared with the traditional elastoplastic damage model, the maximum creep error is only 0.114 ‰.

Construction of meta-dynamic recrystallization dynamic model of 316L stainless steel based on grain orientation spread during continuous variable rate thermal deformation

Because the deformation parameters (temperature, strain rate) in the actual manufacturing process are non-constant. We investigate meta-dynamic recrystallization behavior under the transient mutation state. First, based on a single-pass thermal deformation experiment and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique, this study establishes a quantitative calculation method for the volume fraction of meta-dynamic recrystallization under different deformation conditions, and find the GOS threshold basis for judging the occurrence of meta-dynamic recrystallization. Comparing the experimental results with the numerical simulation results, it is found that the MDRX behavior of the material could be accurately described. The meta-dynamic recrystallization evolution law of the material in the thermal deformation insulation stage under the variable strain rate state is investigated by continuous variable rate thermal deformation experiment and numerical simulation. It is observed that an increase of the average strain rate in the continuous variable strain rate state would promote the meta-dynamic recrystallization softening behavior of the material in comparison with the steady state deformation stage, and vice versa.

Drought and wetness events encounter and cascade effect in the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basin

Under the background of global change, the multivariate attributes, multi-temporal and multi-watershed regional characteristics of extreme drought and flood disasters are significant. It is very important to identify the drought and wetness encounter law and spatial cascade effect in the source region-upper-middle-lower reaches of the basin. In this paper, the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins are taken as the research objects. Based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) characterizing meteorological drought and wetness and the standardized runoff index (SRI) characterizing hydrological drought and wetness, the evolution law of extreme drought and flood events in the source region-upper-middle-lower reaches of the two basins is analyzed. On this basis, the correlation analysis and transfer function analysis are used to explore the response relationship and lag effect between the two in different partitions. A two-dimensional joint distribution model is constructed by Copula function to quantitatively analyze the joint probability of drought and wetness encounters of 9 combined events, and to deeply analyze the impact of different drought and wetness encounter scenarios. The results show that: from 1957 to 2020, the two basins showed a trend from drought to wet. The SPI-12 in the Yellow River Basin ranged from-1.57 to 1.32, and that in the Yangtze River Basin ranged from-1.24 to 1.11. The severity of drought and wetness in the Yellow River Basin was higher than that in the Yangtze River Basin; The correlation coefficients between SPI and SRI in the source-upper-middle-lower reaches of the Yellow River (Yangtze River) were 0.78 (0.76), 0.23 (0.73), 0.44 (0.55) and 0.23 (0.63), respectively. The correlation degree of meteorological-hydrological drought and wetness in the Yangtze River Basin was significantly higher than that in the Yellow River Basin. The average probability of synchronous combination events of drought and wetness in the two basins is greater than 51.43 %. The probability of drought in the Yellow River Basin is greater than that of flood, while the Yangtze River Basin is the opposite. In the same drought and wetness scenario, an average of 54.1% of the event pairs were aggravated by disasters, and more than 52 % of the events in the wetness-drought scenario had obvious drought mitigation effects. The research results can provide important support for improving the early warning and risk management of river basin disasters.

Damage evolutions and failure mechanism of reinforced concrete impacted by abrasive water jet

Numerical simulations were conducted based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics–finite element method coupling method to investigate the damage evolutions and failure mechanism of reinforced concrete impacted by abrasive water jet. The response processes of damage and fragmentation of reinforced concrete were analyzed. The influences of key jet parameters on fracture characteristics of reinforced concrete were obtained. In addition, evolution laws of stress and damage and the failure mechanism of reinforced concrete impacted by abrasive water jet were revealed. The results indicate that the morphologies of broken pits undergo changes in the following sequence: V-shape, U-shape, and hourglass-shape. The broken pit range almost linearly increases with the impact time. Increasing abrasive concentration is more conducive to peeling concrete above steel, but an appropriate concentration is more suitable for cutting steel. Increasing jet diameter can expand the broken pit width, especially its bottom width, and increase damage to concrete below steel. The concrete stresses beneath steel display a raindrop-like distribution pattern. The concrete protective layer mainly suffers from the multiple stepwise damage accumulation failure caused by compressive shear and tensile stresses, and the interface concrete between steel and protective layer undergoes brittle failure due to weak bonding strength and massive stress concentration. The concrete beneath steel mainly undergoes brittle failure due to strong extrusion effect of steel. In addition, the concrete within steel reinforcement framework is influenced by various forces, such as tensile stress and shear stress, leading to occurrence of damage accumulation without failure. The research results would lay the theoretical foundation for abrasive water jet efficiently crushing reinforced concrete.

Effect of multiple laser remelting on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Fe0.5CoCrNi1.5Nb0.68Mo0.3 high entropy alloy coatings

High entropy alloy (HEA) coatings of Fe0.5CoCrNi1.5Nb0.68Mo0.3 was prepared on 304 stainless steel using laser cladding and subsequently remelted multiple times. The effects of multiple thermal cycles on the phase composition, grain size, microstructure evolution, and corrosion resistance of the coatings are thoroughly investigated. The original coating consisted of face-centered cubic (FCC), Laves, and NbC phases, and the phase composition does not change obviously, but the distribution and microstructure of the phase change significantly after multiple remelting. As the number of remelting times increased, the bar-like eutectic structure decreased while the lamellar eutectic structure became more prominent. Laser remelting induced dynamic recrystallization in the coating, resulting in a transformation from columnar grains to equiaxed grains, and then back to columnar grains. The grain size also changes significantly with different remelting times. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impact spectroscopy measurements were conducted in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the coating. The results revealed both the original coating and the once-remelted coating exhibited lower corrosion current density and higher corrosion potential, but the latter had a higher Faraday impedance. Additionally, immersion tests were performed in 10 wt% FeCl3 solution, which demonstrated that the once-remelted coating displayed fine and uniform corrosion pits with shallow depth. This study provides theoretical support for the regulation of microstructure and the optimization of coating performance. Furthermore, the microstructure evolution law discovered in this research is also applicable to additive manufacturing.

Extension Mechanism of Water-Conducting Cracks in the Thick and Hard Overlying Strata of Coal Mining Face

It is of great significance for coal safety production and water resource protection in the Yuheng mining area to master the evolution law of water-conducting fractures under the condition of thick and hard overburden. This research focuses on the 2102 fully mechanized mining face in the Balasu Coal Mine as the research background. The fracture evolution and strata movement characteristics in thick and hard overlying strata are simulated and analyzed by combining numerical simulation with physical simulation, and the formation mechanism of a water-conducting fracture in the overlying strata is revealed and verified by field measurements of the development height of “two zones”. The results show that the anisotropy of fracture propagation in low-position overlying strata is high, and the fracture propagation in high-position overlying strata is mainly vertical, which indicates characteristics of leapfrog development. The number and development height of fractures undergo the change–growth process of “slow–rapid–uniform”. Multiple rock strata together form a complex force chain network with multiple strong chain arches. The local stress concentration leads to the initiation of micro-cracks in contact fractures, and the cracks gradually penetrate from bottom to top and then the strong chain arches are broken. The water-conducting cracks in overlying strata show a dynamic expansion process of “local micro-cracks–jumping cracks–through cracks–water-conducting cracks”. The fracture between the caving zone and fracture zone presents obvious layered characteristics, the overall shape of the water-conducting fracture zone is “saddle-shaped”, and the maximum development height lags behind the coal mining face by about 180 m. Through the observation of water injection leakage and borehole TV observation of three boreholes under underground construction, combined with the results of water pressure tests, it is comprehensively determined that the height of the water-conducting fracture zone is 103.68~107.58, and the fracture–production ratio is 31.42~32.60, which is basically consistent with the results of numerical simulation and physical simulation. This research provides theoretical guidance and a scientific basis for coal mine water disaster prevention under similar geological conditions.

Research on the damage process of granite under pulse laser irradiation

Laser rock-breaking technology is a new type of non-contact rock-breaking technology, which is one of the most promising technologies to replace the traditional methods. At present, the research on laser rock-breaking technology mainly focuses on the rock-breaking mechanism and parameters optimization under the continuous laser, while the research on the law of damage process of rock under the pulse laser is relatively lacking. Therefore, in this paper, pulse laser rock-breaking tests with laser power (400W and 800W) and irradiation time (4s, 8s, and 12s) were carried out. The damage morphology and quality of the rock before and after the tests were measured and compared, and the damage performance of the rocks under different powers was analyzed. The test results show that the diameter of the ablation pit of 800W is 2.5% larger than that of 400W on average at the same moment. The depth of the ablation pit of the former is about 1.5 times that of the latter, and the mass damage of the former is about twice that of the latter. On this basis, a three-dimensional model of pulse laser rock-breaking based on the discrete element method was established, and the evolution law of granite ablation pits and cracks under pulse laser irradiation was investigated. The simulation results show that the diameter and depth of the ablation pits increase with time, and in general, both show a non-linear growth pattern with time. The crack development is dominated by radial development at the early stage, and the radial development rate is 3.1 times the development rate of the axial direction. The volume of thermal cracking damage increases exponentially with time, and the overall damage form of the rock tends to thermal cracking damage with time. The results of this study are of guiding significance for pulse laser rock-breaking drilling.

Fatigue crack evaluation of butt weld joints in full-scale aluminum alloy joints: Experimental and numerical study of traction structural stress

In this study, the digital image correlation technique is used to determine the inconsistent mechanical properties and microstructure non-uniformity in different regions of aluminum alloy butt welded joints. A state monitoring method is proposed based on phased-array ultrasonic total focus imaging for crack evolution. A series of surface fatigue crack propagation tests on full-scale aluminum alloy butt welds are investigated, which innovatively revealed the mechanism and evolution law of crack propagation at the surface of the weld. The analytical function for dynamic crack propagation in welded structures is proposed, which provides a new idea and data support for clarifying the state deterioration process of structures. The results show that the traction structural stress can effectively identify the critical fatigue position of the weld and effectively account for the effect of angular misalignment. The phased-array ultrasonic total-focus imaging monitoring analysis method for surface fatigue crack propagation is proposed to improve the completeness of the fatigue crack evolution law.

Development and experimental validation of analytical models for water and mud inrushes through a filled karst conduit

Water or mud inrush has become a common geological disaster during tunnel construction in karst areas. To study forming process and mechanism of water and mud inrushes through a filled karst conduit, water inrush and mud inrush model tests were carried out with a self-developed 3D model test system. The results show that the forming processes of water inrush and mud inrush have different forming modes. For water inrush, the forming process follows: flowing instability of filling material particles—formation of water inrush channel—water inrush occurring; while for mud inrush, the forming process follows: stability—sliding instability of the whole filling material suddenly—mud inrush occurring. Accordingly, a local instability model of critical hydraulic pressure causing water inrush and an integral sliding instability model of critical hydraulic pressure causing mud inrush were established respectively. The two analytical models reveal the mechanism of water inrush and mud inrush experiments to an extent. The calculated critical hydraulic pressures for water inrush and mud inrush are in good agreement with the test results. The distinguishment of water inrush and mud inrush through a karst conduit was discussed based on the critical hydraulic pressure and the evolution law of seepage water pressure in tests, and a criterion was given. The research results might provide guidance for the forecast of water and mud inrush disasters during the construction of tunnels in karst area.

Fractal Characteristics and Energy Evolution Analysis of Rocks under True Triaxial Unloading Conditions

To investigate the mechanical properties and energy evolution laws of rocks under true triaxial unloading conditions, a study was conducted using a true triaxial rock testing system on three different types of rocks: coal, sandy mudstone, and siltstone. The study examined the mechanical behavior, failure patterns, and fractal dimensions of these rocks under true triaxial unloading conditions. The tests revealed significant variations in stress–strain curves and failure patterns among the different rock types. Observation indicated that rocks with lower peak strength exhibited higher fractal dimensions and increased fragmentation upon failure. Subsequently, based on the experimental data of siltstone, the impact of the unloading rate and particle size distribution on the energy evolution under true triaxial single-sided unloading paths was further investigated using the three-dimensional particle flow software PFC3D 6.0, revealing the micro-mechanisms of rock energy evolution. The study revealed that when the initial stress unloading level was low, the total energy and strain energy at the peak strength exhibited a strong linear relationship with the unloading rate. Before the stress peak, the dissipative energy was mainly composed of frictional energy. After the stress peak, the dissipative energy consisted of frictional energy, damping energy, and kinetic energy. The heterogeneity of rock significantly affected the distribution of dissipative energy, with an increase in rock heterogeneity leading to a decrease in frictional energy and an increase in kinetic energy.

Simulation analysis of the evolution law of creep rupture crack extension in X-fractured rock body

Creep is the macroscopic manifestation of the process of generation, expansion, and penetration of microscopic cracks in a rock body. In this study, the GDEM continuous–discontinuous numerical simulation software was used to model a rock body containing X-fractured for the purposes of exploring creep crack expansion and rupture in the rock body, analyzing the effects of various factors on X-fractured the rock body under the rule of change of the creep curve, and assessing the influences of the intersection angle of the fracture and other factors on the non-parallel fractured rock body on the creep rupture process. The results show that an X-fractured rock body exhibits a mixed tensile–shear damage mode, with tensile damage being the main type of damage. In the isotropic creep stage of a rock body with X-fractured , the steady-state creep rate initially increases and then decreases as the sub- fracture length increases, with the change of the fracture angle of the creep rate of the w-type; the sub-fracture length of h is 14 mm, the rock body is the first to enter into the accelerated creep stage, for the different fracture intersection angle of the rock body For the rock mass with different fracture angles, the time sequence of entering the accelerated creep stage is consistent with the creep rate; when the fracture intersection angle is 45°, and the sub-fracture length is 12 mm, the rock mass has the largest degree of fragmentation, which has a significant impact on the creep damage; after using a single variable processing, it is found that the fracture intersection angle, the sub-fracture length and other factors compared to the fracture intersection angle has a greater impact on the creep damage of the X-fractured rock body. This paper can provide theoretical basis and reference for the study of rock engineering creep damage law and mechanical properties of X-fractured rock body.

Damage Evolution and Fractal Characteristics of Granite under the Influence of Temperature and Loading

To study the damage characteristics and evolution law of granite under the influence of temperature and loading rate, uniaxial compression tests at different loading rates were performed for granite samples at 30 °C, 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C. The damage characteristics and evolution law of granite were studied in conjunction with acoustic emission ringing, acoustic emission b values, acoustic emission signaling constellations, and fractal dimensions. The results showed the following: (1) At a low loading rate (0.005 mm/s), the peak stress of the granite increases gradually as the temperature increases. At high loading rates (0.01 mm/s and 0.02 mm/s), the peak stress of the granite first decreases, then increases as the temperature increases. The elastic modulus at different loading rates decreases first, then increases as the temperature increases. The elastic modulus of the granite is the lowest at 40 °C; (2) At the same temperature, specimens subjected to higher loading rates exhibit accelerated internal damage progression, with a precipitous decrease in the b-value occurring earlier. At a loading rate of 0.005 mm/s, the total number of acoustic emission ring-down events is at least 1.7 times greater than that at other loading rates, indicating a more complex development of internal cracks in the granite specimens. Moreover, as the temperature increases under a constant loading rate, the concentration of acoustic emission ring-downs intensifies during the unstable crack development and failure phases, accompanied by progressively larger fluctuations in the b-value; (3) Under the same temperature conditions, the acoustic emission signals in the specimens loaded at 0.005 mm/s and 0.01 mm/s propagate from one end to the other. At 0.02 mm/s, emissions appear simultaneously at both ends of the specimen and converge toward the center. The proportion of damage and energy associated with compression differs with temperature; at 30 °C and 40 °C, damage and energy are concentrated in the early phase of compression, whereas at 60 °C and 80 °C, they are more significant during the later stages; and (4) The fractal dimension of the granite specimens generally decreases, then undergoes a phase of fluctuating growth, followed by a decline. With increasing loading rates at a constant temperature, the compaction of the granite specimens decreases; the orderliness of the crack patterns gradually increases. As the temperature increases, the distribution of cracks during the compaction and failure phases becomes more orderly. During the crack initiation and development phases, the dispersion of cracks and the formation of crack networks are more pronounced. These findings provide a theoretical reference for understanding the microscale damage and failure mechanisms of granite under varying loading rates and temperatures.

Study on Mechanical and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Backfill-Rock Instability under Different Stress Conditions.

Unveiling the mechanical properties and damage mechanism of the complex composite structure, comprising backfill and surrounding rock, is crucial for ensuring the safe development of the downward-approach backfill mining method. This work conducts biaxial compression tests on backfill-rock under various loading conditions. The damage process is analyzed using DIC and acoustic emission (AE) techniques, while the distribution of AE events at different loading stages is explored. Additionally, the dominant failure forms of specimens are studied through multifractal analysis. The damage evolution law of backfill-rock combinations is elucidated. The results indicate that DIC and AE provide consistent descriptions of specimen damage, and the damage evolution of backfill-rock composite specimens varies notably under different loading conditions, offering valuable insights for engineering site safety protection.

An entropy based spatial–temporal cube with its application to assess stress of overburden due to mining

Underground coal seam mining significantly alters the stress and energy distribution within the overlying rock, leading to eventual structural degradation. Therefore, it is imperative to quantitatively identify the temporal and spatial characteristics of stress evolution of overlying rock caused by mining. This paper introduces a novel rock stress model integrating entropy and a spatial–temporal cube. Similar material model tests are used to identify the abrupt entropy changes within the mining rock, and the trend analysis is carried out to describe the spatial–temporal evolution law of stress during mining. Experimental findings indicate elevated stress levels in the unmined rock preceding and following the panel, as well as within specific rock strata above it. Definitively, dynamic stress arches within the surrounding rock of the stope predominantly bear and distribute the load and pressure from the overlying rock, and each stress mutation is accompanied by a sudden stress entropy change. Over time, z-score shows that the noticeable reduction in mining-induced overburden stress becomes increasingly pronounced, especially in the water-conducting fracture zone. The model's bifurcation set serves as the comprehensive criterion for the entropy-induced sudden changes in the rock system, signifying overall failure.

Prediction of geothermal temperature field by multi-attribute neural network

Hot dry rock (HDR) resources are gaining increasing attention as a significant renewable resource due to their low carbon footprint and stable nature. When assessing the potential of a conventional geothermal resource, a temperature field distribution is a crucial factor. However, the available geostatistical and numerical simulations methods are often influenced by data coverage and human factors. In this study, the Convolution Block Attention Module (CBAM) and Bottleneck Architecture were integrated into UNet (CBAM-B-UNet) for simulating the geothermal temperature field. The proposed CBAM-B-UNet takes in a geological model containing parameters such as density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity as input, and it simulates the temperature field by dynamically blending these multiple parameters through the neural network. The bottleneck architectures and CBAM can reduce the computational cost while ensuring accuracy in the simulation. The CBAM-B-UNet was trained using thousands of geological models with various real structures and their corresponding temperature fields. The method’s applicability was verified by employing a complex geological model of hot dry rock. In the final analysis, the simulated temperature field results are compared with the theoretical steady-state crustal ground temperature model of Gonghe Basin. The results indicated a small error between them, further validating the method's superiority. During the temperature field simulation, the thermal evolution law of a symmetrical cooling front formed by low thermal conductivity and high specific heat capacity in the center of the fault zone and on both sides of granite was revealed. The temperature gradually decreases from the center towards the edges.

Numerical investigation to the effect of wear on fretting fatigue life using CDM and fracture mechanics

Fretting fatigue is a common type of problem in the engineering fields. Due to its multiaxial characteristics, it leads to a shorter overall fatigue life compared to plain fatigue. Fretting fatigue is caused by the micro slip at the contact surface, which is always accompanied by interface wear. This paper presents a refined elastic numerical simulation method combining interfacial wear with continuum damage mechanics (CDM) and fracture mechanics to predict fatigue life. The crack initiation life is determined by damage evolution law and the initiation position is determined by the total dissipated energy. Crack propagation life and path can be predicted using stress intensity factor. The stress redistribution and geometric change of contact surface caused by wear are considered in the whole fatigue process. Results indicate that the fretting fatigue simulation method incorporating wear has higher accuracy compared with the experimental results in the literature. It is noteworthy that wear retards nucleation damage process and crack propagation. As stress amplitude decreases, fatigue life increases, and delay effect of wear becomes more obvious. Additionally, wear causes the crack initiation position to move out, but crack initiation region is still near the slipping zone and propagation path does not change.