Everyday Life Events Research Articles

Introduction to themed section on mechanisms of national solidarity

AbstractThis introduction to the themed section on ‘Mechanisms of National Solidarity’ explores key questions and challenges related to studying national solidarity as distinct from national identity. Focusing on the ‘how’ rather than the ‘what’, this section highlights the importance of examining and theorising the social mechanisms that shape different manifestations of national solidarity. These mechanisms include interpersonal interactions, social networks, communicative processes, socio‐political institutions and iconic material objects. Additionally, the introduction briefly outlines the six contributions in this section, which examines specific solidarity mechanisms within particular national contexts. The contributions offer valuable insights into the study of nationhood and nationalism in both everyday life and public events, helping to unravel the under‐explored relationship between collective identity formation and the creation of solidarity.

“Newsers”: News Repertoires and News Perceptions Among Israeli Youth in the Digital Age

ABSTRACT This study examines Israeli youth’s news consumption habits and perceptions in a fragmented multi-media landscape intertwined in conflictual society. Using Q methodology and in-depth interviews with participants aged 15–18, the research uncovers four distinct cross-media repertoires of news consumers (“newsers”) varying by frequency, content, and platform. Our findings underscore that in the digital era, the definition of “news” has evolved, encompassing not only traditional media but also personal stories and social media updates on current affairs, including everyday life events. Building on existing literature, this research offers insights into the lives of young individuals navigating a rapidly evolving media terrain in a society marked by persistent conflict. The study sheds light on the emerging generation poised to influence Israeli democracy. Understanding their nuanced perception of news can inform content creation strategies to connect with and activate them. Our findings hold broader theoretical, methodological and practical implications for fostering civic engagement and promoting constructive action not only within Israel but also in other nations grappling with political unrest. By leveraging these insights, policymakers, media professionals, and educators can work toward cultivating a more informed and participatory citizenry, thus contributing to the advancement of democracy and social cohesion on a global scale.

Review on Role of Yoga in Chittodvega w.s.r. to Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Mental health disorders are mentioned as 3rd health burden in India according to WHO survey. Generalized anxiety disorders are a chronic anxiety disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry and anxiety about everyday life events and situations. In Ayurveda many psychological disorders are mentioned in Samhitas. Terms like Asvastha Chitta, Chittavimbhramsa, Chittodvega etc. seems similar to Generalized anxiety disorder, however Chittodvega seems to be nearest correlation for this disease entity. Acharya Charaka has listed Chittodvega as Manas Dosha Vikara. People with symptoms of Generalized anxiety disorder always tend to expect failure and can't stop worrying, Clinical trials have shown that anxiolytic drugs alone have limited long-term efficacy. Moreover, they often have adverse side effects including dependency, drowsiness, impaired cognition and memory and sexual dysfunction. Being an alarming disease GAD needs an effective management. Nowadays Yoga is considered as a popular approach to improve emotional health. Yoga, a form of holistic mind–body medicine, that includes the use of physical postures (Asanas), breathing practices (Pranayamas), meditations, relaxation techniques and lifestyle changes based on ancient yogic philosophy. Pranayama should be practiced to remove the blockages and to lift you out of the Tamasik and Rajasik states. Asanas empathizes physical strength and helps to maintain balance between mind and body. Yoga helps to restraint unnecessary mental fluctuations and thus helps in stabilizing and calming the mind. Thus it might be an effective and safe intervention for individuals with GAD.

Laughter in everyday life: an event-based experience sampling method study using wrist-worn wearables.

Laughter is a universal, nonverbal vocal expression of broad significance for humans. Interestingly, rather little is known about how often we laugh and how laughter is associated with our personality. In a large, event-based, experience sampling method study (N = 52; k = 9,261 assessments) using wrist-worn wearables and a physical analogue scale, we analyzed belly laughs and fit of laughter events in participants' everyday life for 4 weeks. Additionally, we assessed associations with laughter frequency such as personality, happiness, life satisfaction, gelotophobia (i.e., fear of being laughed at), and cheerfulness. Validating our new measurement approach (i.e., wearables, physical analogue scale), laughter events elicited higher happiness ratings compared to reference assessments, as expected. On average, participants reported 2.5 belly laughs per day and on every fourth day a fit of laughter. As expected, participants who were happier and more satisfied with their life laughed more frequently than unhappier, unsatisfied participants. Women and younger participants laughed significantly more than men and older participants. Regarding personality, laughter frequency was positively associated with openness and conscientiousness. No significant association was found for gelotophobia, and results for cheerfulness and related concepts were mixed. By using state-of-the-art statistical methods (i.e., recurrent event regression) for the event-based, multi-level data on laughter, we could replicate past results on laughing.

Making things specific: towards an anthropology of everyday ethics in healthcare

This paper is the English translation and adaptation of my inaugural lecture in Amsterdam for the Chair Anthropology of Everyday Ethics in Health Care. I argue that the challenges in health care may look daunting and unsolvable in their scale and complexity, but that it helps to consider these problems in their specificity, while accepting that some problems may not be solved but have become chronic. The paper provides reflections on how to develop a scientific approach that does not aim to eradicate bad things but explores ways in which to live with them. Crucial in this quest is the attention to how we conceptualize problems, and whether this is specific enough for addressing present day concerns. I propose an anthropology of everyday ethics as a way to study people’s everyday ways of handling a variety of goods in practice. I draw specific attention to exploring aesthetic values in everyday life amongst these, values that are used abundantly to qualify events in everyday life but rarely theorized in philosophy or social science.

Пралогическая коммуникация

The paper deals with a pre-logical communication contrasted to verbal interaction founded on logical grounds. The material for the study includes archaic incantations, modern superstitions and poetic texts. The methods of interpretative and intentional analysis have been applied. A pre-logical communication is based on the establishment of relations between objects or events devoid of cause-and-effect relationship in reality. Such conceptualization has been described, explained and terminologically fixed as participation by L. Lévy-Bruhl. It is characteristic of a magic worldview which historically precedes logical reality, but remains up to now in certain types of discourse. Psychologically, such explanation is a biased generalization of accidental connection between things. However, such illogical reality representation has a right to exist as it helps people explain the unexplainable. Semiotically it corresponds to transaction of iconic signs to signals or indices. Three types of pre-logical explanation of events in everyday life have been described in this paper, i.e. diagnostic, prognostic and magical. A pre-logical communication in literary discourse may be understood as a demonstration of universal interconnection of things and events making a whole worldview. This interconnection is based on multiple associations and intertextual allusions. Three types of pre-logical worldview may be singled out as creative, metaphoric and intertextual multiplication of reality. A deliberate usage of pre-logical communication in scientific, pedagogical, legal and political types of discourse may be qualified as a manipulative influence, whereas when used in everyday, advertising, recreational and artistic communication it is determined by the intention to broaden the limits of a routine existence.

The relationship between critical life events, psycho-emotional health and life satisfaction among youths: coping mechanisms and emotional regulation.

Several studies in the specialized literature have reported that events such as the death of a loved one, job loss, divorce, illness, or retirement lead to an increase in the level of stress felt, and subsequently stress affects the person on several levels of life, such as: personal, relational, social, academic and at the same time sanogenic. The present paper explored the relationship between critical life events and psycho-emotional health among youths and the manner in which this relationship is mediated by the level of life satisfaction. The data was extracted using a sample of participants (between 20 and 40 years old) from several cities in Romania, who experienced one or more critical life events during the last year. Data organization and hypothesis testing were performed using IBM SPSS 23 and jamovi programs. For this purpose we used the simple regression analysis, Pearson correlation and mediation analysis. The scales used to conduct the research were: RS-14, SRRS, ERQ, CERQ, DASS-21 and SWLS. The final sample of the study totaled 190 female and male Romanian participants aged between 20 and 40 (M = 24.45, SD = 5.27) who had experienced critical events during the last year, leading to psycho-emotional destabilization and a significantly lower level of life satisfaction. The prevalence of critical life events among these participants varied from one to five events (55.26%) and up to more than 16 critical events in the past year (2.63%). The presence of these events led to increased levels of stress, anxiety, or depression among participants. Furthermore, it appears that the presence of a high number of critical life events led to a decreased life satisfaction among participants, along with a greater tendency toward catastrophizing. Critical life events are increasingly frequent events in everyday life, and youth seems to be the period with the most changes. The research findings add to current findings about the practical implications that critical life events have on psycho-emotional health among youths. Therefore it appears to be a close relationship between critical life events, psycho-emotional health, and emotional regulation. At the same time, it seems that coping mechanisms have a central role in the level of life satisfaction among youths.

„Tolna vármegye német községeit három csoportban meglátogatni szándékozom…”

The following report was written by György Steuer, Government Commissioner for Germans in Hungary (1922–1929) during his first year in office. His task at that time was to draw up proposals for the Prime Minister for the treatment of Germans in Hungary. The report on his tour in the German villages of the Völgység can be an important source on the local situation of the German village population in the early 1920s. Th e source provides us a kind of snapshot from below on the social and cultural conditions of the German villages of the district, furthermore, it give us insight on their mentality and local socio-political movements. We may see all of this, of course, through the lens worn by Steuer – honed to the focal points indicated in the introductory study. Seeing through Steuer’s eyes, it is also clear that, in addition to economic issues, the school question was at the centre of discussions during the visits of the government commissioners. Also, Steuer did not directly detect the presence of Reichsdeutsch (alldeutsch) in the municipalities, but only referred to it in general, unspecific remarks. Th is further shows how important it is to find sources and aspects of the study of Hungarian–German coexistence, that do not focus attention exclusively on the history of the confl icts, since these were not the fundamental determinants of the events of everyday life.

Psychosocial detailing as a methodological procedure

The interdisciplinary study is devoted to substantiating the significance of intellectual detailing as the usual order of carrying out professional methodological thinking on covital and personal events of human everyday life. The object of study is psychosocial detailing as a means of methodology in socio-humanitarianism, and its subject is the named detailing as a thinking action aimed at clarifying and explaining what happened as a personal or personified social event. The result of scientific research was the confirmation of a hypothesis consisting of two statements. The first indicates that the methodological procedure of psycho-social detailing of socially important phenomena and processes will ensure the identification of micro-connections between social and psychological mechanisms that have an impact on the behavior and activities of people in various life situations. In particular, it has been proven that the role of interrelationships between these mechanisms is performed by psychological and social details, which, due to complementarity and co-organization, form a micro-event field of interaction of the individual as a source of psycho-spiritual and environment as a socio-cultural experience of the ethnic group in space and time. The second statement, which received confirmation, states the perspective: the described methodological procedure enables prediction of social events, taking into consideration the potential response of citizens to certain events. The deed organization of psychosocial detailing of a social or life event indicates that the scenario of potential reactions is implemented by the method of extrapolation on the basis of previously acquired knowledge and on the exhaustiveness of interpretations of micro-event connections. Therefore, the methodological procedure of psychosocial detailing is fundamentally important for interdisciplinary research in the field of socio-humanitarian studies and during the creation of social prognosis.

The art of novelist Afanasiy Fedorov

The article is devoted to the study of Afanasiy Fedorov's stories, which have a central place in the writer's heritage. His genre system includes various forms of short prose: from everyday stories to plot short stories, from small sketches, sketches of a character to psychological stories. The author's skill manifested itself primarily in the creation of a diverse artistic anthropology, consisting more of human rather than social types. Therefore, in his stories there is no tendentiousness and ideological bias characteristic of socialist realism. The characters' actions are psychologically motivated. The innovation of the Yakut writer was the creation of foreign heroes. In the poetics of his stories, the tradition of Russian literature was felt: like Anton Chekhov, he strove to show the complexity and significance of life phenomena through the simplest and most insignificant events of everyday life. On the whole, the logic of Afanasiy Fedorov's work was of an inductive nature: starting with small genres of prose, he gradually moved on to large epic forms.

Improving the mental health and mental health support available to adolescents in out-of-home care via Adolescent-Focused Low-Intensity Life Story Work: a realist review

ObjectivesLife Story Work (LSW) is used to promote the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents living in out-of-home care. LSW should be offered to all but is conventionally...

Evangelical transformation: Learning the three‐dimensional perception of reality

AbstractIn this article, I analyze the particular perception of the world Baptists start to learn during their conversion which I call the three‐dimensional perception of reality. This concept refers to the ability to incorporate narratives from the Bible into everyday life events and interpret both personal stories and world events accordingly, thereby making the Bible ever relevant. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, I show how events from the believers' daily lives are perceived and explained in the light of biblical stories. Regardless of the fact that the two are separated in time and in space, the biblical story is still seen as a proto‐event to the current one. No matter how diverse the believers' experiences, they are capable of finding an equivalent episode in the Bible. The scripture, therefore, is ever present in the believers' lives, as a source of meaning and interpretation.

History of Everyday Life as a Component of the School History Course

The article is devoted to the analysis of the history of everyday life as a component of the school history course. The author infers that mastering knowledge about the everyday life of people of another historical era allows us to avoid a simplistic and schematic attitude to the past. At the same time, a specific feature of school history in the first decades of the twenty-first century is the direct connection of historical local history with the events of everyday life in the past. The study of the history of everyday life makes it possible to illuminate the life of both a social group, a stratum, an individual family, and the entire state and civilization. The main subject of studying the history of everyday life is ordinary people’s everyday life, changes in their lives and changes in themselves that occur in time and space. The history of everyday life is the core of social history, as it considers human life as a subject of the historical process. Its study creates opportunities to better understand social processes and changes in society around the world.

Development of Measurement Tools to Assess Cumulative Life Course Impairment in Patients with Chronic Skin Diseases.

Patients with chronic skin diseases suffer from physical, psychological, emotional and social impairments. The overall burden has significant impact on patients' life, contributing to irreversible damage across many domains, known as cumulative life course impairment (CLCI). The aim of this project was to develop instruments which (a) measure persisting CLCI and (b) identify patients at risk for developing future CLCI. We identified key topics that negatively impact life course due to skin disease patient-reported open item selection. Subsequently, we conducted focus group interviews with patients and experts to conceptualize items and response scales, resulting in two preliminary measurement tools. These tools were tested in a cognitive debriefing before finalization. Consecutively, 162 patients participated in the open item selection and indicated the following topics were most relevant to their disease: disease symptoms, risk behaviour, comorbidities, psychological and emotional impairments, physical impairments, occupational impairments, treatment, sexuality, problems with family or friends, everyday life and positive event or decisions because of the disease. In the focus group interviews, patients reported stigmatization, support at disease onset, pre-existing diseases and age of onset as additional important topics. The cognitive debriefing resulted in minor changes to sentence structure. The final tools included: (1) DermCLCI-r, which assesses retrospective CLCI, and (2) DermCLCI-p, which assesses current CLCI and future risk. Each tool consisted of 30 items. The newly developed measures allow for early identification of CLCI, facilitate adequate dermatological and psychosocial interventions and may contribute to the prevention of CLCI. Further validation studies will be performed.

Being a master of metaphors

Being a master of metaphors

ИГРА В РЫЦАРЕЙ НА СТРАНИЦАХ МЕМУАРОВ Н. П. АНЦИФЕРОВА

Children’s engagement of imaginary worlds and events created when playing is thus a borderline phenomenon lying between game improvisation and artistic creation (the creation of texts, drawings, geographical maps and other artefacts associated with playful subjects and motifs). This kind of play is described in detail in the memoirs of the historian and literary scholar Nikolaj P. Antsiferov (1889–1958), which depict the realities and events of everyday life as a child growing up. In the second and especially in the third part of his memoirs Nikolaj Antsiferov describes in detail improvisational “playing at being knights”; this game harmoniously combined, for his friends and himself, certain historical events, fiction literature read by the company, and their own bright imagination. The fictional characters reflecting real historical and literary figures become especially dear to the players; biographies of such characters are developed thoroughly and logically with the help of historical and literature sources; the plots of the game remain in the memory of Nikolaj Antsiferov and his comrades in the game for a long time. We can assume that in the description of the playing at being knights we see the first manifestation of those individual creative and research features of Nikolaj Antsiferov, which later formed the basis of his scientific method.

Calendar and astronomical knowledge of the inhabitants of the Yagnob river valley

In order to study the folk calendar and astronomical knowledge of the inhabitants of the Republic of Tajikistan, in summer 2022 an ethnographic expedition was conducted in the Yagnob river valley, where 26 informants from 10 villages were interviewed. In the 1970s, the Yaghnob people were resettled to the plain in the Zafarobod region and the Yaghnob valley became empty. Later, part of the inhabitants returned to their historical places of residence. The collected materials show that the returned population knows, on average, less than the residents of non-relocated villages. Currently, the Yaghnobis celebrate four traditional calendar holidays. Nawruz is the most famous of them. The answers of the informants testify that in Yaghnob there was no single and fixed date for celebrating of Nawruz. Usually it was celebrated in the interval between March 17 and 21. The date was determined by by the onset by sunrise or sunset near conspicuous stones located on the mountain profile. The holidays of Dzhuft baroron (the first plowing), Sada (beginning of preparation for field work) and Mekhrgon (completion of the harvest) are much less well-known. The last two of mentioned holidays have recently received national status. However, residents most often remember Dzhuft baroron. "Sitorai Hunuk" (Sirius, a cold star), "Parmi" (Pleiades), "Tarozu" (three stars of Orion's belt), as well as the Polaris Star, the constellations Ursa Minor and Ursa Major are the stars which the local population knows. The phenomena of the visibility of stars are associated with the events of everyday life until now.

DAILY STRESSOR APPRAISALS AND SELF-VIEWS OF AGING PREDICT SAME-DAY AFFECTIVE RATINGS

Abstract Prior work suggests that more frequent or higher exposure to stressors relates to less positive affect and more negative affect in daily life. Limited knowledge exists about whether subjective appraisals of such stressors (i.e., perceived negative impacts on daily routine, personal health and safety, and finances) also have negative links to daily well-being. This study examines this link using data from an 8-day daily dairy study (n=675 days) in an online sample of older adults (n = 110 people, ages 60-90). We also explored potential psychological moderators particularly relevant to the experience of aging (i.e., self-views of aging, S-VOA). Results from multilevel models indicate that people reported more negative affect and less positive affect on days with more negative appraisals, especially on those days when they also had more negative self-views of aging. These findings highlight S-VOA as psychological resources that help people cope with stressful events in everyday life.

Teaching Physics in Scientific Information Disclosure Era Through Daily Physics Learning

Daily physics is the study of physics that raises problems and applications in everyday human life. This study aims to describe the structure of physics learning in everyday life that supports physics learning in the era of scientific information disclosure and its implementation. This qualitative descriptive research was conducted by examining the structure of everyday physics learning and observing the responses of research subjects with physics and social backgrounds who participated in the daily physics lessons. The results of this study indicate that the structure of learning physics in everyday life is designed to be followed by all participants from both exact and non-exact groups as part of the Whole Person Education program. Subjects with a background in Physics explain daily physics learning followed by discussions based on popular events in everyday life that are studied from the physics side easily and strengthen the understanding of physics concepts that they already have. Subjects with social backgrounds explain daily physics learning, followed by presenting examples that occur in everyday life, such as birthday balloons that can be attached to walls and others. These examples can be easily accepted and understood by all participants. However, participants with social backgrounds find it quite difficult when the discussion enters the discussion of abstractions such as equations and formulas. This research concludes that the structure of everyday physics is very supportive of learning physics for many people in the era of scientific information disclosure.

Ирония музыкальной событийности в «Охоте на бабочек» О. Иоселиани

Researchers often talk about the carefully composed “universe” of O. Iosseliani’s films in which they perceive “harlequinade”, “carnival”, and “burlesque” as means of opposing the director’s creative consciousness to ideological discourses and related dramatic clichés. The director’s special thinking with musical and sound forms also appears to be oriented towards the effect of travesty “reversal” of meanings. The interaction of the layers of sound culture, which forms the archetypal subject of the master’s films, makes it possible to read his films as a sound parable. The article for the first time explores the musical form of the film The Butterfly Hunt (1992), where the idea of antagonism between the elite and mass culture is embodied in the principle of sonata and realized both at the level of the plot and in the process of interaction of diegetically significant inclusions from the pre-existing music. In Iosseliani’s film, the romantic archetype of sonata form is interpreted in accordance with the author’s worldview, combining nostalgic and ironic frames of mind. Thus, the first subject group is formed by episodes which concentrate the attempts of the characters — the inhabitants of two French family estates — to cultivate the “high” values of the European musical tradition, and the second subject group — by the key elements of the soundscape of a small town, saturated with musical events of everyday life. The dramaturgy of sonata antagonism captures the extinction of the individualistic-personal basis (lyrics), which at the plot level of the film corresponds to the steady advance of new machine technologies on the space of rural idyll. At the same time, the discovery in the film of the cyclic basis of the secondary form (concentric), as well as the connection of artistic expression with the genre archetype of scherzo, makes it possible to interpret the captured “degradation” processes in the context of an ironic oscillation of meanings as a special form of semantic rebirth.