Everyday Contact Research Articles

Food Preparation and Cookbooks as a Medium of Everyday Contact between Jews and Christians in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany

Abstract In the early nineteenth century, Jewish cookbooks appeared on the Central European book market for the first time. So far, these manuals have been studied primarily from the perspective of the preservation of Jewish identity, that is, as a marker of the extent to which kashrut could be preserved in the face of increasing acculturation to non-Jewish society. Little attention was paid to aspects of transfer or entanglement between Jewish and non-Jewish foodways despite the central role of food in everyday life. In my paper, I try to map possible encounters between Jews and Christians in the area of food preparation and eating outside one’s home before analyzing several Jewish and general cookbooks appearing in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany. The fact that also non-Jewish cooking manuals integrated dishes perceived as Jewish indicates mutual influence and makes it evident that there was more Christian interest in Jewish foodways than assumed.

Food Preparation and Cookbooks as a Medium of Everyday Contact between Jews and Christians in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany

Abstract In the early nineteenth century, Jewish cookbooks appeared on the Central European book market for the first time. So far, these manuals have been studied primarily from the perspective of the preservation of Jewish identity, that is, as a marker of the extent to which kashrut could be preserved in the face of increasing acculturation to non-Jewish society. Little attention was paid to aspects of transfer or entanglement between Jewish and non-Jewish foodways despite the central role of food in everyday life. In my paper, I try to map possible encounters between Jews and Christians in the area of food preparation and eating outside one’s home before analyzing several Jewish and general cookbooks appearing in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany. The fact that also non-Jewish cooking manuals integrated dishes perceived as Jewish indicates mutual influence and makes it evident that there was more Christian interest in Jewish foodways than assumed.

The Importance of Resilient, Health-Promoting, and Accessible Cultural Landscapes Using the Example of One Suburb of Gdańsk, Poland

The urban green public spaces “UGSs” provide a place for everyday contact with nature to humans. Green and blue infrastructure is important for urban heat mitigation. This study focuses on the relationship between satisfaction with the place of living and quality of life indexes, accessibility, and the quality of public green spaces in one of the suburbs of Gdańsk in Poland. Even though there are award-winning public parks and a large-scale Tri-city Landscape Park, the individual indexes measuring the satisfaction of local inhabitants with accessibility to public parks and their quality were well beyond the average in Gdańsk. The research question was to explain such low satisfaction with green public parks and spaces in Gdańsk-Osowa. The results of the evaluation of available “UGSs” against the universal standard for health-promoting urban places confirmed their recreational value but also demonstrated limited spatial and physical accessibility and possible overcrowding. Thus, the possibilities for everyday contact with nature for numerous inhabitants are limited and that condition may influence the life quality indexes. The results suggest that increasing urban density and the further development of residential neighborhoods requires careful planning of new public parks in consideration of proximity to public open green spaces. The accessibility of public parks within walking distance is crucial when planning new developments.

Landscape and soundscape quality promote stress recovery in nearby urban nature: A multisensory field experiment

Cities have different benefits and risks, but are often stressful environments to live in. Everyday contact with nearby nature can be a crucial way to alleviate stress and increase the well-being of citizens. However, there is still limited evidence on how nature-health benefits vary according to the type and quality of natural environments. This study integrated multiple landscape and soundscape objective and perceived assessments to examine stress recovery in different types of neighbourhood nature. We used a field randomised experiment (n=45) to analyse effects of various random and fixed factors on restoration including: environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, wind, air quality), personal characteristics (e.g. age, gender, perceived health, nature connectedness), presence of other people and environmental quality (e.g. Perceived Environmental Aesthetic Qualities Scale and Perceived Sound Affective Quality scale). We found that physiological and psychological restoration is significantly greater in sites with higher visual (% visual natural elements) and acoustic (Normalized Difference Soundscape Index (NDSI)) naturalness i.e. the beach and forest, compared to the urban park (control site). Perceived landscape and soundscape quality were strongly associated with stress recovery, and these results were more pronounced for the soundscape. This highlights that soundscape quality assessments deserve more systematic attention in urban green infrastructure research and planning. Finally, we found important early evidence of reduction in Electrodermal activity (EDA) only within 3 minutes of nature exposure especially in the forest.

Tackling Gender-Related Violence: How Can Theory Inform International Professional Education Projects?

Is it helpful to share feminist theory with youth practitioners and is there room for it on short training courses such as in EU Action Projects? Can theoretical work on intersectionality, and the concept of gender-related violence (GRV) which grew from it, be shared in training interventions with professionals who work with children and young people? This article is based on the findings of the EU co-funded GAP Work Project that sought to improve GRV intervention and referral through training for practitioners in everyday (rather than specialist) contact with children or young people in four countries. Summarising how the project worked, and how theory informed it, including a brief account of how the concept of GRV worked in practice, guides the selection of material from the wider Project Final Report and offers a reflection on how educators used theory in the training, sometimes explicitly in the sessions. It therefore contributes our experiences to discussions about the design and implementation of education and training about violence and abuse. It concludes by sharing resources for designing and implementing training on sexual harassment, violence and hate crime, including from other recent projects that offer resources for incorporating an intersectional perspective when developing local government plans, programmes, and projects.

Subjective Nearness-to-Death and COVID-19 Worries Among Ultra-Orthodox Jews in Israel: The Moderating Role of Israeli Identity and Sense of Community.

The Ultra-Orthodox community in Israel is characterized by close everyday contact and a strong sense of community. While the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global uncertainty, fear, and fatalities, this group was particularly affected by the pandemic. Accordingly, the current study examines whether subjective nearness-to-death was associated with increased COVID-19 concerns, and whether Israeli identity and sense of community moderate this association. Data were gathered from 255 Israeli Ultra-Orthodox Jews, and results yielded a significant link between subjective nearness-to-death and COVID-19 worries, moderated by both moderators. Results are discussed in line with terror management theory, and theoretical/practical implications are suggested.

Integration of greenery and architecture: urban reform in Poznań at the turn of the 20th century

Various green reforms predicated on the improvement of hygiene and aesthetics of the city were implemented in Poznań at the turn of the 20th century. In addition to large boulevards and parks, great importance was attached to greenery near the residential buildings. Greenery was also an integral part of prominent spaces, harmonizing with their ideology. The aim of the article is to draw attention to these somewhat forgotten innovative proposals and to indicate their inspiring potential for modern times, especially in the for-profit conditions of real estate development and ecological challenges. The examples discussed on the basis of in situ research and archival research show that during the 19th century, the need for everyday contact with greenery increased, and urban nature became more and more accessible to residents.

UK media responses to HIV through the lens of COVID-19: a study of multidirectional memory

This article proposes correlations and parallels in UK newsprint media coverage of the COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS pandemics through engagement with Michael Rothberg’s model of multidirectional memory. It achieves this via...

MicroCam

The primary focus of this research is the discreet and subtle everyday contact interactions between mobile phones and their surrounding surfaces. Such interactions are anticipated to facilitate mobile context awareness, encompassing aspects such as dispensing medication updates, intelligently switching modes (e.g., silent mode), or initiating commands (e.g., deactivating an alarm). We introduce MicroCam, a contact-based sensing system that employs smartphone IMU data to detect the routine state of phone placement and utilizes a built-in microscope camera to capture intricate surface details. In particular, a natural dataset is collected to acquire authentic surface textures in situ for training and testing. Moreover, we optimize the deep neural network component of the algorithm, based on continual learning, to accurately discriminate between object categories (e.g., tables) and material constituents (e.g., wood). Experimental results highlight the superior accuracy, robustness and generalization of the proposed method. Lastly, we conducted a comprehensive discussion centered on our prototype, encompassing topics such as system performance and potential applications and scenarios.

Kinwork revisited: The gendered work of keeping up with family through communication technology

Kinwork is the maintenance of cross-household kin and family ties through both physical and mediated means and is a type of unpaid labour historically performed by women. However, changing gender norms, new communicative practices such as networked individualism, and internet and communication technologies are changing how kinwork is done. This study explores how these changes affect the gendered nature of kinwork. Swedes from multigenerational, cross-household families residing in Sweden and the United States took part in primarily home-based interviews (n=40). This empirical study explores current practices of kinwork, focusing on three empirical cases, Christmas cards for seasonal greetings, phone calls for birthday well-wishes, and digital communication for everyday contact. Results highlight how kinwork in the sample is performed by both men and women through a wide range of communication technologies. The study shows that due to new gendered norms, women in the younger generations are less willing to do kinwork for men than older generations in the same kinship networks, indicating generational differences rather than family differences. In the study, men use new internet and communication technology to both do and sometimes take responsibility for kinwork while older communication technologies retain a feminine coding, sometimes resulting in abandonment. Contemporary digital communication technology supports a shift to individual communication rather than group-based which further supports men’s increased engagement in kinwork. The study concludes that kinwork in the studied sample is performed by both men and women and that contemporary kinwork can only be understood by looking at the complex entanglements of evolving gender equality norms, trends towards more individual communication patterns, and affordances of communication technology. Together these result in new ways and opportunities for doing kinwork, which becomes less the work of women and more the work of networked individuals, whatever gender.

Friendships and Emotional Well-Being in the Context of Race and Age.

Research suggests that friendships are associated with better emotional outcomes. Still, little is known about the implications of daily friend encounters on emotional well-being in the context of race and age. Guided by the integrative conceptual framework for friendship research, this study considers racism and cultural beliefs associated with racial groups and different social and emotional goals associated with age and investigates whether the frequency of friend encounters and the link between friend encounters and emotional well-being in everyday life would vary by race and age. Black (n = 80; Mage = 53.62) and White American adults (n = 89, Mage = 52.01) from the Stress and Well-being in Everyday Life study provided background and social network information, followed by ecological momentary assessment surveys in which they reported their social encounters and mood every 3 hours for 4 consecutive days. Multilevel linear models revealed no significant differences by race or age in the frequency of friend encounters. At times when individuals were with friends, their positive mood was elevated compared to when they were not (within-person association). Yet, this association was observed only among White adults and among Black individuals who were aged 41 or younger. This work contributes to the conceptual framework for friendship research by considering how individuals' race and age are linked to friendship patterns. Findings highlight the importance of everyday contact with friends for enhancing momentary emotional well-being, particularly among White individuals and younger Black adults.

Intonation of Greek in contact with Turkish: a diachronic study

AbstractAsia Minor Greek (AMG) speakers cohabited with Turkish speakers for eight hundred years until the 1923 Lausanne Convention, which forced a two-way mass population exchange between Turkey and Greece and severed their everyday contact. We compare the intonation of the continuation rise tune in the speech of first-generation AMG speakers born in Turkey with three subsequent generations born in Greece. We examine how long contact effects in intonation persist after contact has ceased, through comparison of the f0 patterns in four generations of AMG speakers with those of their Athenian Greek- and Turkish-speaking contemporaries. The speech of the first-generation of AMG speakers exhibits two patterns in the f0 curve shape and time alignment of the continuation rises, one Athenian-like and one Turkish-like. Over subsequent generations use of the latter diminishes, while the Athenian pattern becomes more frequent, indicating intergenerational change.

‘We were not even trained to have an opinion’: Political socialization of Arabs in Israel

There are two main paradigms regarding political socialization. The early-years-of-life hypothesis emphasizes the importance of political socialization in the early years, while the life-long hypothesis argues that political socialization is shaped continuously throughout life. The literature on the topic concentrates on seminal events and their impact on political socialization. In this study, we examined these hypotheses in the unique context of Arab teachers in Jewish schools in Israel. The teachers spoke about the culture of silence about politics that characterized their childhood and their inhibitions regarding engaging in politics. Entering work in a predominantly Jewish environment highlighted the social mechanisms and minority–majority power relations that preserve Arab citizens’ political oppression. The teachers all indicated a process by which they become more politically aware, while their willingness to be politically active varies. The political dialogue between the Jewish and Arab teachers begins hesitantly but increases with time. The findings demonstrate political socialization as a life-long process that is shaped by everyday contact with the majority group and not only by historical/seminal events. It is demonstrated that schools cannot be sterilized from political influences, and the potential of Arab teachers in Jewish schools in defusing the polarization in Israeli society is emphasized.

Verbal Aspects of Interpersonal Communication in English

Abstract. Interpersonal communication is the exchange of information between the participants in a communication act. It consists of oral speech, i.e., words, as well as non-verbal communication, i.e., body position, gestures, facial expressions, eye movements, physical distance, sounds, eye contact and touch. Communication quality is determined not only by the use of code that is understandable to both the sender and the recipient of the message. Sometimes there are communication barriers that make it difficult to communicate with each other. In everyday contact, a lot of information is conveyed through words. The relevance of the study is that verbal communication in English is part of interpersonal communication, where you need to take care of speech correctness and accuracy of the message. The aim of the study is to consider the verbal aspects of interpersonal communication in English. Conversation is the most natural way to communicate between people. It is two-way and interactive, which means that dialogue participants change roles, sometimes speaking and sometimes listening. His theory is primarily linguistic in nature, but it can also be very well applied in the description of everyday conversations built around interlocutors, one of whom is the sender and the other the recipient. These roles, of course, are not permanent and change. In order for them to start a dialogue, they must be in contact with each other. In other words, a contact is a channel through which information can be exchanged. For interlocutors to understand each other, they must use the same code. It's just a free use of a certain language, namely English. Thanks to the code, you can create messages, i.e., statements, and the meeting of interlocutors always takes place under the established circumstances of place and time. They are called the context or environment of expression. The practical significance lies in the further effective use of verbal aspects of interpersonal communication in English.

Implementing Technology of Poly- /Multicultural Education for Future Foreign Language Teachers: Integrated Approach

Interpersonal communication is the exchange of information between the participants in a communication act. It consists of oral speech, i.e., words, as well as non-verbal communication, i.e., body position, gestures, facial expressions, eye movements, physical distance, sounds, eye contact and touch. Communication quality is determined not only by the use of code that is understandable to both the sender and the recipient of the message. Sometimes there are communication barriers that make it difficult to communicate with each other. In everyday contact, a lot of information is conveyed through words. The relevance of the study is that verbal communication in English is part of interpersonal communication, where you need to take care of speech correctness and accuracy of the message. The aim of the study is to consider the verbal aspects of interpersonal communication in English. Conversation is the most natural way to communicate between people. It is two-way and interactive, which means that dialogue participants change roles, sometimes speaking and sometimes listening. His theory is primarily linguistic in nature, but it can also be very well applied in the description of everyday conversations built around interlocutors, one of whom is the sender and the other the recipient. These roles, of course, are not permanent and change. In order for them to start a dialogue, they must be in contact with each other. In other words, a contact is a channel through which information can be exchanged. For interlocutors to understand each other, they must use the same code. It's just a free use of a certain language, namely English. Thanks to the code, you can create messages, i.e., statements, and the meeting of interlocutors always takes place under the established circumstances of place and time. They are called the context or environment of expression. The practical significance lies in the further effective use of verbal aspects of interpersonal communication in English.

Imperial legacies and southern penal spaces: A study of hunting nomads in postcolonial India

Southern penal spaces are marked by resemblances and affinities with colonial regimes of control, yet they also reflect quite distinctive postcolonial social and political dynamics found in the global south. Here, legacies of control, forms of exile, status reductions, hierarchical social stratifications and other like forms come together in robust modes of containment suitable for managing ‘marginal’ and ‘suspect’ populations. We draw on ethnographic empirical work with two hunting nomadic groups in India by two of the co-authors who are working with the Kheria Sabar community in Purulia district in West Bengal and Pardhi community in Mumbai. The latter were subject to notification under the notorious Criminal Tribes Act 1871, marking them out as ‘criminal tribes’ until their de-notification shortly after India's independence in 1947, yet the Kheria Sabars too feel its effects. We draw attention here to the continual negotiation and (re)fabrication of both state and citizen at the point of their everyday contact. Our notion of southern penal spaces contributes to penal theory by breaking from northern societies’ focus on institutional carcerality and capturing instead both the variety and the dispersal of penal and punitive practices found in postcolonial societies of the south.

Virtue, Sanctity, and Charity of the Royal Women of Fez

Abstract The history of the Banū Marīn of the kingdom of Fez (seventh–ninth/thirteenth–fifteenth centuries) cannot and should not be reconstructed without a gender perspective which gives the women of this dynasty a place within its historic discourse. They played a key role in the political and religious legitimacy of the rulers, as reflected by the Banū Marīn historiography which, mirroring the idiosyncrasy of medieval Berber societies, afforded its women a visible space. However, as it was always subject to the clear interests of male political-religious legitimacy, this space for visibilisation is worthy of analysis. This study examines the different profoundly religious behaviour and capabilities which the chronicles assigned to different royal Merinid women, as related in the various anecdotes transmitted in their pages. Additional analysis is carried out on how these model characterisations aimed to increase the aura of spirituality of the amīrs, influenced by their close relationship and everyday contact with these women.

Labour Migration of Parents and Threats to Children and Youth

Labour migration is a global trend that shapes communities and economies around the world. Growing economic migration carries a specific threat to children and youth. Long-term consequences threaten life outcomes such as educational achievement, career development, mental and physical health. The study examined the problems of children from migrating families in educational institutions. It was also important to determine what assistance is provided to children from migrant families and what institutions support such families. The respondents were class tutors/educators who were teachers of educational institutions: 2317 respondents took part in the study, including 2044 women and 273 men. Significant differentiation of the respondents according to gender is mainly due to the feminization of the teaching profession in Poland. The results of the survey were analyzed with the chi-square test of independence. As a result of the research, threats to children and adolescents resulting from the economic migration of parents were diagnosed. In secondary schools, a decrease in attendance is observed (unexcused absences, truancy, being late). In lower secondary schools there are problems with school results and a decrease in motivation to learn. Educational institutions find it difficult to stay in contact with parents. In the youngest children (kindergartens, primary schools), emotional instability is observed due to the absence of parents in everyday contact. Educational institutions respond to diagnosed problems by providing support to students. In primary schools, students are provided with help in learning and students’ free time is organized. There are also activities aimed at providing additional nutrition. In lower secondary schools, as in secondary schools, support focuses more on motivational interviewing, mediation in conflict situations and psychological assistance. In order to solve problems and help students, educational institutions cooperate with the Psychological and Pedagogical Counselling Centre, the Social Welfare Centre and the Probation Officer.

Профилактика экстремизма в студенческой среде

Researched is the problem of effectiveness of extremism prevention in Yaroslavl universities. It was fixed that the most part of students (without difference in gender and age) have superficial ideas about extremism that makes it difficult to fight extremism among young people. The research fixed that basic knowledges, skills and practices for extremism and terrorism opposition students get during the study law, sociology of deviation, politology, conflict sociology and philosophy. It was fixed that interactive methods, forms and devices of study make a tolerance, blame and active civic position. It was demonstrated that students, who have a high-educated parents are more oriented to civic and patriotic values, than students, who have not high-educated parents or have only one of this. Above all, test shows that education level effects on emotional problems of everyday communication too. If a student have high-education parents, emotional acts not damage everyday contact with other people. It was fixed that adult students have more open lections of any confessions and law enforcements than the young ones. The authors suggest some actions for the extremism prevention effectiveness growth in universities of the country.

Antecedent behaviour and its implication on the intention to reuse the internet banking and mobile services

The Covid-19 pandemic has forced people to maintain physical distance during everyday contact, known in popular terms as physical distancing, which triggers the banking industry to accelerate its digital transformation to maximize service to customers. It aims to make business processes to work more efficiently and to drive force that will create various business opportunities. This study aims to explain the main factors that contribute and influence the adoption of internet and mobile banking services, which are antecedents of customer attitudes towards the intention to use these services. This study uses primary data and the unit of analysis is 200 respondents of Bank Bukopin customers who are users of its internet and mobile banking services with a replication of the technology acceptance model (TAM) in the context of internet service adoption and mobile banking. This study uses non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique, and to analyze the research model, the Partial Least Square (PLS) method is used with the SmartPLS 3.0 M3 program as a tool. The research findings indicate that the intention to reuse is directly affected significantly by perceived ease of use, trustworthiness, and attitude to use. Perceived benefits do not have a significant effect on directly affecting intention to use, but have a positive and significant effect if they get a mediating role from the attitude of using. This study proves the existence of a mediating role for perceived benefits and beliefs on attitudes to use. This study also strengthens the evidence that attitudes have a strong and positive and significant effect on intention to reuse, and are able to fully mediate the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and trust on intention to reuse. Bank Bukopin management and bankers are also expected to use the results of this study to evaluate and take corrective action on aspects that are deemed incapable of encouraging the adoption of their internet and mobile banking services and creating customer loyalty to continually use the services they provide.