Change Events Research Articles

CLIMATE CHANGE AS A SECURITY THREAT. LOSSES, DAMAGES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FUNDING POLICY

This paper is an argue for considering climate change as a security threat, with all the advantages, disadvantages and implications involved in. Our work provides a condensed scientific explanation of how global warming leads to climate change and extreme weather events, and then frame climate change through both a narrow and broad understanding of security. The main research questions addressed in the study are: In what sense might climate change be viewed as a security threat? What are the advantages and disadvantages of viewing climate change as a security threat? What are the funding policy implications in the context of existing climate justice models? With appropriate literature references we argue that climate change can be viewed as a security threat because of its consequences for migration, civil war and interstate conflict, and for human security. Therefore we address the main advantages for considering climate change a security threat (namely the chance for states to prepare for worst-case scenarios) and the main disadvantages (namely the securitisation of climate change). An outline of the components of ‘loss and damage’ policies was made, explaining exactly what sort of measures are required by developing countries and climate-vulnerable countries to respond to climate disasters. Next, four different models for prescribing responsibility onto developed countries for funding climate justice were assessed and critically evaluated. Lastly, concluding remarks covered the overall need for caution when discussing climate change in a security context and the need to ensure a balance is struck between militaristic and humanitarian approaches to climate change.

Mitigation strategies can alleviate power system vulnerability to climate change and extreme weather: a case study on the Italian grid

Abstract This study explores compounding impacts of climate change on power system’s load and generation, emphasising the need to integrate adaptation and mitigation strategies into investment planning. We combine existing and novel empirical evidence to model impacts on: (i) air-conditioning demand; (ii) thermal power outages; (iii) hydro-power generation shortages. Using a power dispatch and capacity expansion model, we analyse the Italian power system’s response to these climate impacts in 2030, integrating mitigation targets and optimising for cost-efficiency at an hourly resolution. We outline different meteorological scenarios to explore the impacts of both average climatic changes and the intensification of extreme weather events. We find that addressing extreme weather in power system planning will require an extra 5–8 GW of photovoltaic (PV) capacity, on top of the 50 GW of the additional solar PV capacity required by the mitigation target alone. Despite the higher initial investments, we find that the adoption of renewable technologies, especially PV, alleviates the power system’s vulnerability to climate change and extreme weather events. In fact, renewable energy sources are generally less vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns, compared to thermal power and hydropower generation. Furthermore, enhancing short-term storage with lithium-ion batteries is crucial to counterbalance the reduced availability of dispatchable hydro generation.

Contributions to Architectural and Urban Resilience Through Vulnerability Assessment: The Case of Mozambique Island’s World Heritage

Mozambique Island, a UNESCO World Heritage property, faces significant challenges due to climate change and extreme weather events. This study proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing morphological vulnerabilities and enhancing urban resilience in this unique historical urban landscape. The research methodology involves a thorough analysis of historical cartography, urban evolution, topography, and vernacular architecture, combined with recent conservation assessments and case studies from other climate-vulnerable regions. This study reveals the island’s dual urban structure, comprising the Stone and Lime town and the Macuti town, each with distinct morphological characteristics and vulnerabilities. Historical maps and topographical analysis demonstrate how the island’s geography has shaped its urban development, with the Stone and Lime town built on higher ground and the Macuti town situated at or below sea level, increasing its flood risk. The research highlights the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with resilience strategies while respecting the authenticity and integrity of the World Heritage property. Key findings include the need for a GIS-based management tool for continuous conservation assessment, and the crucial role of community engagement in implementing resilience mechanisms. This study contributes to the broader discourse on cultural heritage as a contributor to architectural and urban resilience, offering valuable insights for other World Heritage properties facing similar climate challenges. The proposed framework emphasizes the importance of balancing heritage preservation with adaptive strategies, while enhancing the island’s resilience facing climate-related threats.

Witnessing a discrete microdroplet freezing event via real-time electrochemical monitoring of solution temperature.

Temperature monitoring has immediate relevance to many areas of research, from atmospheric environmental studies to biological sample and food preservation to chemical reactions. Here, we use a triple-barrel electrode to provide temperature readouts in bulk solution and microdroplets, as well as electrochemically monitor freezing events in a microdroplet. Using this method, we are able to identify distinct characteristics of a freezing aqueous droplet (supercooling, ice formation beginning and end, temperature change, and thawing) with greater temporal resolution than a standard thermocouple and without the use of microscopy. By correlating the amperometric signal change caused by alterations in the diffusion coefficient of the electrochemical system in response to temperature changes, we can calculate the instantaneous temperature at our electrode, as well as the physical behavior of ice formation and expansion. Our results suggest that these electrochemical techniques can provide real-time monitoring of the physical processes involved in aqueous temperature change and ice nucleation events. Here, we employ a novel technique using triple-barrel electrodes to provide temperature readouts in bulk solution and microdroplets, as well as electrochemically monitor freezing events in a microdroplet. Because ice nucleation spans many research fields, it is important to have a variety of tools that can be used to better understand these frozen systems. Our data shows that electrochemistry can provide real-time information on the thermal properties of aqueous environments, and these types of measurements can be extended to microdroplets. The electrochemical signal details all the significant moments in a droplet freezing event, allowing us to use electrochemistry as a stand-alone tool for monitoring freezing events with excellent temporal and spatial resolution.

Cloud computing-based estimation of Peninsular India’s long-term climate change impacts on rainfall, surface temperature, and geospatial indices

Realizing the intricate relationships between drought, vegetation dynamics, and climate change is essential for sustainable resource management. Although temperature and rainfall patterns are the primary determinants of these fluctuations, human activity also plays a significant role. Recent decades have witnessed significant climate change events, particularly in peninsular India. Analyzing these year-by-year variations in rainfall and temperature is essential for informed decision-making. This knowledge can guide the development of innovative adaptation strategies to ensure sustainable livelihoods in the region. This study utilizes the Google Earth Engine platform to analyze yearly climate data and relevant geographical indices from 2003 to 2023 across Peninsular India. The analysis reveals a statistically significant increase in mean annual rainfall (0.262 mm/year) alongside a slight rise in regional land surface temperature (LST) trends (0.102 °C/year). However, yearly average anomaly values for LST also show an upward trend, rising from 2.56 in 2003 to 3.23 in 2023. This suggests a potential shift in rainfall patterns, with potential consequences for water availability. Rising temperatures coupled with altered rainfall patterns can lead to water scarcity, especially in regions reliant on rain-fed agriculture. This has a direct impact on crop yields and overall agricultural productivity. Despite rising temperatures, the analysis using drought indices suggests a decline in average annual drought severity across Peninsular India, with values decreasing from 0.33 in 2003 to 2.70 in 2023. Interestingly, we found a strong positive association between rainfall and vegetation indices, while rainfall and LST exhibited a negative correlation. Interestingly, while rainfall and LST exhibited a negative correlation, a strong positive association was found between rainfall and vegetation indices. These comprehensive findings hold significant potential for informing future climate projections and promoting sustainable development in peninsular India through evidence-based applications.

Diving Deeper: Leveraging the Chondrichthyan Fossil Record to Investigate Environmental, Ecological, and Biological Change

The extensive chondrichthyan fossil record spans 400+ million years and has a global distribution. Paleontological studies provide a foundation of description and taxonomy to support deeper forays into ecology and evolution considering geographic, morphologic, and functional changes through time with nonanalog species and climate states. Although chondrichthyan teeth are most studied, analyses of dermal denticle metrics and soft tissue imprints are increasing. Recent methodological advances in morphology and geochemistry are elucidating fine-scale details, whereas large datasets and ecological modeling are broadening taxonomic, temporal, and geographic perspectives. The combination of ecological metrics and modeling with environmental reconstruction and climate simulations is opening new horizons to explore form and function, demographic dynamics, and food web structure in ancient marine ecosystems. Ultimately, the traits and taxa that endured or perished during the many catastrophic upheaval events in Earth's history contribute to conservation paleobiology, which is a much-needed perspective for extant chondrichthyans. ▪ The longevity and abundance of the chondrichthyan fossil record elucidates facets of ecological, evolutionary, and environmental histories. ▪ Though lacking postcranial, mineralized skeletons, dental enameloid and dermal denticles exquisitely preserve morphology and geochemistry. ▪ Technical advances in imaging, geochemistry, and modeling clarify the linkages between form and function with respect to physiology, diet, and environment. ▪ Conservation efforts can benefit from the temporal and spatial perspective of chondrichthyan persistence through past global change events.

The Effect of Climate Change on Allergen and Irritant Exposure.

As the effects of anthropogenic climate change have become more apparent, the influences of climate and extreme weather events on health have continued to gain attention. The fact Earth has warmed over the past century is indisputable and the rate of warming is more alarming. As a result of anthropogenic climate change an alteration in the air mixture has occurred over time. These changes have increased human exposures to respiratory irritants such as ground level ozone, volatile organic compounds, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A significant amount of research has investigated the effects of climate change on aeroallergens which has shown elevated temperatures and increased carbon dioxide (CO2) levels have produced prolonged and more robust pollen seasons for most taxa studied. In addition, it appears possible that exposure of some plants to air pollution may result in more allergenic pollen. Increased human exposures to these respiratory irritants and aeroallergens appears to disproportionality effect vulnerable populations throughout the world. It is essential to understand climate change is more than an environmental inconvenience and realize the effects to human health are directly related and conceivably immeasurable. It's vital to conduct additional research related to climate change and health which is collaborative, multisectoral and transdisciplinary. There should be a focus on risk reduction, mitigation and preparedness for climate change and extreme weather events for all populations around the globe.

Striking a balance: health behaviour changes in Chinese spouses of people with dementia to manage dementia risk: a qualitative study

BackgroundMultiple studies have shown that spouses of people with dementia (PwD) are two to six times more likely to develop dementia compared to the general population. Encouraging healthy behaviours and addressing modifiable risk factors could potentially prevent or delay up to 40% of dementia cases. However, little is known about how health behaviours change when a spouse assumes the role of primary caregiver. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the shared lived experience of spousal caregivers of PwD, focusing on identifying the trajectory and key events of that shape health behaviour changes after their partner’s diagnosis. These findings seek to inform strategies for adopting and sustaining healthy behaviours among spousal caregivers.MethodA qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Using maximum variation and purposive sampling, 20 spouses of PwD who exhibited two or more risk factors were recruited for semistructured interviews. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe found that in traditional Chinese culture health behaviour changes for spouses and people with dementia coping with the challenges of dementia occurred in two directions; (a) priming-leaping-coping: becoming a “smart” caregiver and (b) struggling-trudging-silence: the process by which the self is “swallowed.”ConclusionThis study highlights how caregiving experiences influence spouses’ health behaviors and dementia prevention, particularly in the Chinese context. The findings underscore the challenges of balancing caregiving with self-care. Culturally tailored, family-centered interventions are needed to support both caregivers and their long-term well-being.

Multiple independent genetic code reassignments of the UAG stop codon in phyllopharyngean ciliates.

The translation of nucleotide sequences into amino acid sequences, governed by the genetic code, is one of the most conserved features of molecular biology. The standard genetic code, which uses 61 sense codons to encode one of the 20 standard amino acids and 3 stop codons (UAA, UAG, and UGA) to terminate translation, is used by most extant organisms. The protistan phylum Ciliophora (the 'ciliates') are the most prominent exception to this norm, exhibiting the grfeatest diversity of nuclear genetic code variants and evidence of repeated changes in the code. In this study, we report the discovery of multiple independent genetic code changes within the Phyllopharyngea class of ciliates. By mining publicly available ciliate genome datasets, we discovered that three ciliate species from the TARA Oceans eukaryotic metagenome dataset use the UAG codon to putatively encode leucine. We identified novel suppressor tRNA genes in two of these genomes which are predicted to decode the reassigned UAG codon to leucine. Phylogenomics analysis revealed that these three uncultivated taxa form a monophyletic lineage within the Phyllopharyngea class. Expanding our analysis by reassembling published phyllopharyngean genome datasets led to the discovery that the UAG codon had also been reassigned to putatively code for glutamine in Hartmannula sinica and Trochilia petrani. Phylogenomics analysis suggests that this occurred via two independent genetic code change events. These data demonstrate that the reassigned UAG codons have widespread usage as sense codons within the phyllopharyngean ciliates. Furthermore, we show that the function of UAA is firmly fixed as the preferred stop codon. These findings shed light on the evolvability of the genetic code in understudied microbial eukaryotes.

Advancing household resilience to recurring shocks: monitoring and early warning of manmade and natural disasters in Ulang County, South Sudan

South Sudan is the newest country in the world - it has been experiencing recurrent conflict and climatic shocks such as flooding and hunger, creating a protracted humanitarian situation where 9 million people – three-quarters of South Sudan's population – are projected to require humanitarian and protection assistance in 2024. Two million people remain displaced due to decades of conflict, intercommunal violence and extreme effects and events of climate change, such as flooding and dry spells (OCHA 2024). Lack of coherent early warning identifiers and adequate monitoring mechanisms exacerbate acute shocks and chronic stresses due to both manmade and natural calamities amongst vulnerable communities in Ulang County. This paper aims at ascertaining the existing mechanisms and indicators that the community utilize for monitoring and early warning of habitual natural and man-made disasters. This study used both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. Quantitative data were gathered through a household survey using a structured questionnaire from 120 displaced households had been affected by floods and episodes of inter-communal violence. The household survey used two-stage cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size (PPS) to identify respondents. The qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions with men and women representatives located along the Sobat river. Key informant interviews with local leaders at County, Payam and Boma level were equally conducted to gather comprehensive information, and gain a better understanding of the context and draw sound recommendations and conclusions. Descriptive and comparative methods were used in the bid to grasp the prevailing early warning identifiers and the monitoring systems or mechanisms in place for repeated flooding, inter-communal violence and revenge killings. The research findings uncovered that 55.8% of respondents are aware of both traditional early warning indicators to climate-related shocks as well as to inter-communal violence. Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR) committees have been established to bolster preparation against disasters and facilitate early response. The CMDRR structure has enabled timely preparedness and provides leadership for any response or post-disaster activities prior to receiving assistance from humanitarian actors. On the other hand, inadequate monitoring systems and tools amongst the duty bearers and limited capacity of the County leadership and other public institutions both at State and County level make the monitoring and early warning of recurrent disasters less effective. Furthermore, funding constraints remains one of the major challenges cited by humanitarian actors that often curtails their efforts in collaborating with government counterparts in tackling disaster risks in a more sustainable manner. Key words: Resilience, monitoring, early warning, disaster, Ulang county, South Sudan

Sediment transport characteristics at the flood-event scale in the Minjiang River Basin, China

ABSTRACT In recent years, the significant change in the runoff–sediment distribution in the upper Yangtze River has led to an increased sediment contribution from the Minjiang River Basin (MRB) to the Three Gorges Reservoir. However, previous studies on sediment load changes in the MRB have focused mainly on annual-scale characteristics, thereby neglecting features driven by floods. Therefore, this study focused on examining the changes in flood-event sediment loads in the MRB based on mathematical statistics and comprehensive measurement data. The results indicated that human activities, climate change, and seismic events have caused an increasing trend in the flood-scale sediment load in the upper MRB and a decreasing trend in the lower MRB. The changes in the flood-scale sediment modulus at low runoff erosion power levels were greater than those at high runoff erosion power levels at different abrupt-change stages. During extreme flood events, the actual sediment concentration in the MRB remained below the sediment-carrying capacity. This study provides novel insights into water resource management during the flood season in the MRB and similar basins.

Building Sustainable Supply Chain Resilience: Insights From a Mixed‐Method Study

ABSTRACTGrowing concerns regarding climate change and extreme weather events have spurred heightened interest among supply chain professionals, researchers, and policymakers, leading to increased focus on supply chain resilience. This study aims to develop a model specifically geared toward enhancing supply chain endurance and contribute to the ongoing debate on supply chain resilience. Employing a mixed‐method approach, the research initially utilizes the qualitative methodology to delineate the facets of supply chain endurance. Subsequently, through a multiple cross‐sectional survey design, the study empirically examines the relationship between supply chain endurance, a firm's supply chain resilience, and community resilience. The results engender discussions on fortifying firms' supply chain endurance by cultivating adaptive leadership, adaptability, visibility, flexibility, collaboration, redundancy, and conditioning. This research underscores the significance of nurturing supply chain endurance capabilities in bolstering a firm's sustainable supply chain resilience and the resilience of the broader community.

Climate change and its impact on children and adolescents sleep.

This review discusses the impact of climate change on sleep, anxiety, and eating in the pediatric population. This is a nonsystematic literature review based on a search using PubMed and MeSH terms in titles and abstracts with these keywords: climate change, sleep, greenhouse effect, children, and adolescents. Climate change events are associated with human intervention in the ecosystem, having a strong impact on cognitive functions, physical and mental health, as well as subjective well-being, particularly in youth. Climate change is caused by human activity with changes in the composition of the global atmosphere caused by emissions of gases, such as carbon dioxide, which increase the greenhouse effect. This review discusses the impact of climate change on sleep, anxiety, and feeding in the pediatric population. Early detection of vulnerability conditions, along with adaptation strategies is necessary to address climate stressors with a focus on healthy sleep and eco-anxiety. Pediatrics has an important role to play in protecting healthy sleep in children.

Climate change and its impacts in extreme events in Morocco (observation, monitoring, and forecasting)

ABSTRACT Rising extreme weather events in Morocco pose a growing threat to various socioeconomic sectors. These events, including heatwaves and cold spells, are exhibiting an alarming increase in intensity, frequency, and duration. To understand this trend and its future implications, a comprehensive study is essential. So, this research investigates the link between climate change and extreme weather events. It specifically focuses on how climate change influences the occurrence and intensity of these extremes. The study employs two main phases: Phase 1 is about the historical analysis (1984–2018). This phase uses robust methods like Sen's slope test for trend estimation and Mann–Kendall test for significance to evaluate observed changes in climatic extremes. Phase 2 is about future projections (2041–2060). This phase utilizes four climate models to project future changes in thermal and rainfall extremes under the RCP 4.5 scenario. Five climate indices (Tmm, Tx90p, WSDI, PRCPTOT, and SPI) are employed for analysis. Historical analysis (1984–2018) reveals a significant increase in hot extremes across Morocco. Rainfall extremes, however, show no significant changes in trends. Future projections (2041–2060) for all four climate models agree on significant warming in Morocco. They also project a decrease in annual precipitation across most of the country.

Landscape changes caused by the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan.

Landscapes are shaped by tectonic, climatic, and surface processes over geological timescales, but we rarely witness the events of marked landscape change. The moment magnitude 7.5 Noto Peninsula earthquake in central Japan was caused by a large thrust faulting, up to nearly 10 meters of slip, that expanded more than 150 kilometers along the fault zone. The deformation field reconstructed from satellite data and field surveys reveals up to 4.4 meters of uplift and associated coastal advance along the entire northern coast of the peninsula, meter-scale systematic movement of the mountain slopes consistent with slip on flexural faults, and activation of secondary inland faults, suggesting synchronized ruptures. The findings show excellent consistency between the coseismic deformation and geomorphic features and provide a vivid example of the role of a major earthquake in landscape formation.

Climate change and extreme weather events and linkages with HIV outcomes: recent advances and ways forward.

Discuss the recent evidence on climate change and related extreme weather events (EWE) and linkages with HIV prevention and care outcomes. We identified 22 studies exploring HIV prevention and care in the context of EWE. HIV prevention studies examined sexual practices that increase HIV exposure (e.g., condomless sex, transactional sex), HIV testing, and HIV recent infections and prevalence. HIV care-related outcomes among people with HIV included clinical outcomes (e.g., viral load), antiretroviral therapy adherence and access, HIV care engagement and retention, and mental and physical wellbeing. Pathways from EWE to HIV prevention and care included: structural impacts (e.g., health infrastructure damage); resource insecurities (e.g., food insecurity-related ART adherence barriers); migration and displacement (e.g., reduced access to HIV services); and intrapersonal and interpersonal impacts (e.g., mental health challenges, reduced social support). Studies recommended multilevel strategies for HIV care in the context of EWE, including at the structural-level (e.g. food security programs), health institution-level (e.g., long-lasting ART), community-level (e.g. collective water management), and individual-level (e.g., coping skills). Climate-informed HIV prevention research is needed. Integration of EWE emergency and disaster preparedness and HIV services offers new opportunities for optimizing HIV prevention and care.

Сутність та детермінанти глобальної продовольчої безпеки

The article explores the evolution of the concept of "global food security", identifying and analyzing the key determinants that influence food security levels worldwide. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the essence and determinants of global food security to develop scientifically sound recommendations for ensuring the availability and quality of food for all people on the planet. The study found that the concept of "global food security" has evolved from a simple focus on food availability to a comprehensive approach that considers accessibility, quality, and safety of food products. Global food security is a complex and multifaceted concept that encompasses not only food availability but also its accessibility, quality, safety, and the sustainability of production. Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. The systematic classification of factors influencing global food security allowed for the grouping and characterization of key determinants of food security, including: food production, international trade and logistics, climate change and extreme weather events, economic stability and economic inequality, wars and conflicts, technologies, and innovations. The article proposes a comprehensive approach to tackling the problem of hunger, based on the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly the need for urgent measures to ensure food security, which would include: reducing food waste and food loss; increasing funding and credit for farmers and developing agricultural and logistical infrastructure; combating climate change; stabilizing the political situation in countries suffering from hunger; addressing the indirect causes of food insecurity; increasing the availability of food aid for countries suffering from hunger, etc. As a result, achieving global food security requires a combined effort from governments, international organizations, and the global community to create fair and environmentally balanced food systems that ensure healthy and quality food for all people on the planet.

New evidence on factors influencing online shoppers' impulse purchase intentions on TikTok Live: The role of swift guanxi

This study aims to examine consumer needs related to product quality, swift guanxi-like culture, live streaming richness, e-activity lifestyle, and impulse buying intentions on TikTok Live. Using data from an online survey with 124 respondents from UPH, the study analyzed results with the SEMPLS statistical tool. Findings indicate that product quality positively influences impulse buying intentions and enhances live streaming richness. Additionally, swift guanxi has a positive impact on both impulse buying intentions and live streaming richness. The study also reveals that live streaming richness positively affects impulse buying intentions. Furthermore, the e-activity lifestyle mediates the relationship between swift guanxi and impulse buying intentions on live platforms. A novel aspect of this research is the development of the live streaming concept into the construct of "live streaming richness." These insights can support influencers and sellers in boosting sales and promoting purchases. Moreover, marketing influencers should capitalize on changing events to engage customers, build trust, improve efficiency, and offer valuable benefits and support to their audience.

Knowledge sourcing strategy and radical innovative performance: A temporal approach

Prior research on open innovation has so far taken a static view, by focusing on stable patterns of external knowledge sourcing that only depict a snapshot of a firm's external search at a given point in time. Such a static view, however, ignores the fact that a firm's portfolio of external knowledge sources evolves over time. Our study attempts to address this gap by clarifying how temporal variations in a firm's knowledge sourcing activities (i.e., changes in external search breadth and external search depth) affect its radical innovative performance. We conceptualize temporal variations as encompassing simple change events (i.e., single transformative events captured through increases or decreases in breadth and depth) and multiple change events (i.e., repeated changes captured through increases and/or decreases in breadth and depth); and then develop theoretical arguments that draw on the organization learning theory. We find that asymmetries emerge when comparing simple and multiple change events in external breadth and external depth. Our findings contribute to prior research on open innovation by providing insights into the temporal dynamics and evolution of knowledge sourcing activities.

A randomized trial of MONOFIX® vs. V-loc™ for resection bed suture during robotic partial nephrectomy

BackgroundTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Monofix®-PDO compared to V-Loc™ for tumor bed suturing during robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN).MethodsA randomized, controlled, multicenter, single-blinded trial was conducted across four tertiary institutions. Patients with T1-2 stage renal masses scheduled for RAPN were enrolled. The exclusion criteria included patients not deemed in need of bed suturing, those with a history of prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy, and those with severe systemic diseases or high bleeding tendencies. A total of 174 patients participated and were subjected to permuted block randomization (T1a vs. others), resulting in 88 patients in the V-Loc™ group and 86 in the Monofix®-PDO group. The primary outcome was the resection bed suture time. The secondary outcomes were total suture use time, warm ischemia time, console time (for efficacy), estimated blood loss, hemoglobin change, and 90-day treatment-related adverse events (for safety). All patients were scheduled for follow-up visits for up to three months postoperatively.ResultsThe primary outcome, resection bed suture time, did not significantly differ between the V-Loc™ and Monofix®-PDO groups (4.8 ± 2.6 vs. 4.5 ± 2.6 min, p = 0.531). Secondary outcomes, including total suture used time (5.3 ± 2.8 vs. 4.8 ± 2.6 min, p = 0.289) and warm ischemic time (15.6 ± 5.5 vs. 15.4 ± 5.4 min, p = 0.834), were comparable between the two groups. In terms of safety outcomes, changes in serum hemoglobin levels did not show significant differences on postoperative days 1, 3, and 14 (P = 0.537, 0.353, and 0.840, respectively). No device-related adverse events were observed during the 90-day follow-up period in either group.ConclusionsMonofix®-PDO demonstrated non-inferior to V-Loc in terms of both safety and efficacy in patients undergoing RAPN. This trial is registered on cris.nih.go.kr as KCT0006809 (Registration date: 02/19/2021).