Event Manager Research Articles

Design and Implementation of RFID Middleware System for Ubiquitous Learning Environment using Large Scale Data

In this paper, the RFID middleware system that can process bulk data in real time has been designed and implemented. The characteristics of this middleware system support the following points: Expandability and integration of infrastructure, processing the bulk data coming from heterogenous readers in real time, management of the integrate process, Java based XML, and lightweight-oriented technology for speedy and efficient performance. Also a filter file managing process(XML Process) is designed to process bulk data in real time. With this processor in place, the middleware can run without any problem even when several clients from many locations get connected to the server at the same time. The RFID middleware system consists of reader interface, event manager, application interface, and an adapter for heterogenous readers. In the integrated function test of the RFID middleware system, the system showed a stable performance in processing even thousands of filtering and tag data per second, and was able to process the bulk tag data from heterogeneous readers in real time. Also from the test of the implemented filtering management system interlocked with the RFID middleware and the client, it was confirmed that the RFID middleware and the filtering management system ran properly.

Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 6/11

Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 6/11

Understanding the Management of Sports Events Volunteers Through Psychological Contract Theory

This paper juxtaposes the expectations of event managers and sports event volunteers in a case study organisation. These are understood within the theoretical framework of the psychological contract. Results show the distinctive contribution volunteers can make to events but also the distinctive challenges they present to event managers. For event managers, volunteers bring: enthusiasm, a good relationship and empathy with the public, and they provide a cheaper labour force. But a major concern is ensuring their reliability. For volunteers, important expectations include: flexibility of engagement, the quality of personal relationships, recognition for their contribution, and a clear communication of what they are expected to do. The juxtaposition of event manager and volunteer perspectives illustrates the need for a different approach to managing volunteers in comparison to paid employees. This reflects both volunteers’ expectations and the recognition that they have greater autonomy; not being tied to a contract by financial rewards or a related career progression. More generally the results illustrate the use of the theoretical framework provided by the psychological contract but that in using this it is valuable to compare the perspectives of managers and volunteers, using a qualitative approach to understand this social relationship.

대용량 데이터처리를 위한 XML기반의 RFID 미들웨어시스템

본 논문에서는 대용량 데이터 처리를 위한 XML 기반 RFID 미들웨어 시스템을 구현하였다. 개발된 RFID 미들웨어 시스템은 태그 데이터를 수집하는 리더 인터페이스, 태그 데이터를 의미있는 데이터로 가공하여 응용인터페이스에게로 전송하는 이벤트 매니저, 그리고 기존 응용과의 인터페이스를 위해 다양한 응용접근프로토콜을 지원하는 응용 인터페이스를 설계 구현하였다. 리더 인터페이스는 고정형 장비뿐만 아니라 핸드헬드 유형의 PDA형 리더도 지원하도록 어댑터 형태로 구현되었다. 구현된 미들웨어 시스템은 빠른 필터링 처리기능을 가지며, 응용프로그램 접근 프로토콜인 HTTP, XML, JMS, SOAP을 지원한다. 성능은 CPU 이용율 측면에서 성능을 입증하였다. We implement the RFID middleware system based on XML for large-scale data processing. The Implemented middleware system are consist of the reader interface for tag data collection, the event manager for a data filtering, and application interface for the RFID application. The implemented RFID middleware system is to support both a fixed type's reader and portable type's reader. we analyze the middleware function with four application accessing protocol, HTTP, XML, JMS, and SOAP, and demonstrate a filtering speed in terms of CPU utilization.

ECEM: an event correlation based event manager for an I/O-intensive application

In Internet servers that run on general purpose operating systems, network subsystems and disk subsystems cooperate with each other for user requests. Many studies have focused on optimizing the data movement across the subsystems to reduce data copying overhead among kernel buffers, a network send buffer and a disk buffer. When data are moved across the subsystems, events such as read requests and write requests for data movement are also delivered across the subsystems by the servers and the operating system. However, there have been fewer studies on the optimization of event delivery across the subsystems. In conventional operating systems, an event from a disk subsystem is delivered to a network subsystem regardless of the status of the network subsystem. If the network subsystem is not ready for data sending, the execution of the server will be blocked, which causes scheduling and context switching overheads. This non-contiguous execution will incur deficiencies such as avoidable process blocking, context switching, cache pollution and long response time. To alleviate the deficiencies, we have developed inter-subsystem event delivery mechanisms that define event dependencies among the subsystems involved. We define an event correlation based on the happened-before relation. We propose deferred event delivery (DED) and disk-to-network splicing (DNS) to suppress scheduling and context switching during I/O request processing. We performed experiments on Linux 2.4 and the experimental results show that the number of context switching is reduced by up to 20% and server data transmit rate is improved by 4.0–8.1%.

DPEM: a decentralized software process enactment model

This paper proposes a decentralized process enactment model called DPEM, which operates on the network. It consists of multiple developer sites, a name server site, a developer coordinator site, and an event manager site. DPEM also provides an intermediate process language called DPEL. To enact a process program written in a source process language (e.g. CSPL and APPL/A), the process program is first translated into DPEL segments, in which those for developer sites are composed of activities and synchronization information. Next, DPEL segments are transferred to DPEM sites. Then, activities in developer sites are enacted concurrently, during which activities are synchronized using synchronization information transferred to the developer sites. Major features offered by DPEM are: (1) every site in DPEM can enact DPEL segments and hence no site will become a bottleneck, (2) a software product is managed by the site that accesses it frequently, which reduces network flows, and (3) DPEM can coordinate heterogeneous process-centered software engineering environments using the intermediate process language DPEL.

Modeling and Designing a Real-Time Event Manager in a Heterogeneous Distributed System

Communication between several elements that compound a manufacturing system is complex due to its distributed and heterogeneous behaviour. In this paper, a Real-Time event manager is proposed. The aim of the event manager is to deliver events when they are produced to the elements interested in them, as well as synchronizing two or more of the elements in a point of its execution. The event manager has been divided into several components, each one undertakes a well-defined task concurrently with each other, in order to efficiently achieve manage events.

A Methodology for Variable Structure System Specification: Formalism, Framework, and Its Application to ATM-Based Network System

This paper presents a formalism-based methodology and its implemented environment which constitutes a sound framework for real-time systems development. The software and/or hardware systems developed in such a formal manner are wellstructured and maintainable. We first propose a set-theoretic VSSS (Variable Structure System Specification) formalism. This formalism is the core of the presented methodology which supports a means of formal specification for real-time systems. We then develop the environment, including VSSS language definition, a translator for the language, and supporting libraries for real-time execution. Finally, a demonstration of the methodology in development of a real-time event manager, a subsystem of an ATM-based communication system, shows the correctness and efficiency of the methodology.

An external millisecond timer for the Apple Macintosh with applications to cross-modal lexical priming

The circuit and program described in this report allow researchers to use Macintosh personal computers to conduct research that requires timing with millisecond accuracy. This is accomplished with external response keys and an external clock that sends characters through the Macintosh’s serial port. For researchers interested in cross-modal lexical priming tasks, a tachistoscopic slide shutter is incorporated to allow for accurately timed presentation of visual stimuli. Because the visual display and response keys are external to the computer, display and reaction times are not subject to the timing constraints inherent to the keyboard or the Macintosh Event Manager. All circuit diagrams and code are in the public domain.