Effect Of Evaporation Research Articles

A new approach to contact angle measurement and effects of evaporation on the contact angle

The solid material's wettability behavior is determined by the contact angle value. The wettability of materials is critical in the coating, lubricating, and insulating industries. In high-tech industries including corrosion resistance, water-oil separation, medical material production, implant technology, and friction reduction, the contact angle is very important. A new method called the full angle method was used to measure the contact angle and compared with current methods. The wettability behavior of plexiglass, which is employed in a variety of applications ranging from lighting to decorating, and industrial designs to accessory production, was explored in this study. The measurement of the contact angle was done by dropping 1.8 M (molar) of saltwater over the plexiglass materials. In order to examine the effect of evaporation on the contact angle, changes in contact angle, height and baseline were investigated depending on the waiting time.

Modeling of the particle fluxes of a helium plasma jet onto water surface

The interaction between an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) and an aqueous solution has great application prospects in biomedicine and many other fields. Reactive species adjacent to a water surface is critical to the activation of APPJ-treated water, which is affected by both the water evaporation and the admixture of ambient air. In this paper, taking He APPJ as an example, a two-dimensional (2D) cylindrically symmetric fluid model is developed to obtain the spatial distributions of gas components before discharging, and a series of global models are developed for the discharge in the boundary gas layer adjacent to the water surface. The interfacial distributions of reactive species and their fluxes onto the water surface are quantified. It is found that the electron density is 1016–1017 m−3 and it shows an annular distribution in the boundary gas layer. The density distributions of most reactive species there reveal ring-like shapes as well. The dominant cation and anion in such a boundary layer are H3O+ and OH−, respectively. The most abundant metastable is O2(a1Δ), the most abundant reactive oxygen species are H2O2 and OH, and the most abundant reactive nitrogen species are NO and HNO2. The species of H2O2, OH, HO2, and HNO2 are reportedly to have significant biological effects, and in our simulation, their fluxes onto the water surface are remarkable, higher than 1017 m−2 s−1. In addition, the effects of radial gas velocity and water evaporation on the particle flux distributions are also revealed.

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of shallow aquifers in Thanh Phu District, Ben Tre Province, Vietnam

Shallow aquifers in the Thanh Phu coastal area in Ben Tre Province are increasingly withdrawn for domestic and irrigation purposes. However, groundwater resources here are declining in quality due to the effects of seawater intrusion and anthropogenic activities. It requires an understanding of the groundwater origin and changes in water quality to protect local groundwater resources. By applying the hydrogeochemical approach, the origin and quality of groundwater here have been clarified. A total of 35 water samples were collected during the 2023 dry season. The laboratory analysis included 16 ions. The results show that the groundwater water types are Ca-Cl, Ca-Mg-Cl and Na-Cl, with the domination of the third pattern. Hydrochemical characteristics have shown evaporation, silicate weathering, cation exchange and marine effects as the vital processes governing the mineralization of regional groundwater. Most of the water samples are of poor quality, not adapting to domestic water standards according to the National Technical Regulation on Domestic Water Quality and WHO 2011. It requires water treatment before being used for domestic purposes. However, the SAR, Na%, PI, KR and EC values displayed that groundwater here was still acceptable for irrigation purposes, demonstrating the prospect of using groundwater for agricultural purposes in the study area.

Tracing the sources and evaporation fate of surface water and groundwater using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen

Recognizing the origins and movement processes of surface water and groundwater is crucial for understanding hydrochemical genesis, conserving water supplies, and managing water resources. Estimating the source water typically involves identifying the intersection of evaporation line (EL) and meteoric water line. However, there is currently confusion in determining the regional EL and selecting strategies for estimating the source water. This study aimed to explore the source of surface water and groundwater, as well as evaporation effect utilizing stable isotope tracing (δ2H and δ18O). The line-conditioned excess was adopted to differentiate evaporated water and non-evaporated water, then Craig-Gordon model and an analytical framework with Bayesian theory were used to investigate the source of surface water and groundwater and the evaporation influence. The findings revealed that surface water and groundwater in the northern region of the Weihe River suffered more sever evaporation impacts that the south, and the evaporated surface water (7.54 % to 27.34 %) with a wider range of mean evaporation ratio than evaporated groundwater (5.38 % to 8.52 %). Monsoon precipitation is the main contributor to both surface water (contribution ratio: 0.46) and groundwater (0.49) sources. This research provides specific information on evaporation and detailed insights into the source water of surface water and groundwater, aiding in understanding the evaporation effect during the hydrological cycle and facilitating the management of regional water resources.

Detection of risk areas in dairy powder processes: The development of thermophilic spore forming bacteria taking into account their growth limits

Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus licheniformis are the main contaminants found in dairy powders. These spore-forming thermophilic bacteria, rarely detected in raw milk, persist, and grow during the milk powder manufacturing process. Moreover, in the form of spores, these species resist and concentrate in the powders during the processes. The aim of this study was to determine the stages of the dairy powder manufacturing processes that are favorable to the growth of such contaminants. A total of 5 strains were selected for each species as a natural contaminant of dairy pipelines in order to determine the minimum and maximum growth enabling values for temperature, pH, and aw and their optimum growth rates in milk. These growth limits were combined with the environmental conditions of temperature, pH and aw encountered at each step of the manufacture of whole milk, skim milk and milk protein concentrate powders to estimate growth capacities using cardinal models and the Gamma concept. These simulations were used to theoretically calculate the population sizes reached for the different strains studied at each stage in between two successive cleaning in place procedures. This approach highlights the stages at which risk occurs for the development of spore-forming thermophilic bacterial species. During the first stages of production, i.e. pre-treatment, pasteurization, standardization and pre-heating before concentration, physico-chemical conditions encountered are suitable for the development and growth of A. flavithermus, G. stearothermophilus and B. licheniformis. During the pre-heating stage and during the first effects in the evaporators, the temperature conditions appear to be the most favorable for the growth of G. stearothermophilus. The temperatures in the evaporator during the last evaporator effects are favorable for the growth of B. licheniformis. In the evaporation stage, low water activity severely limits the development of A. flavithermus.

Theoretical analysis of the vapor-liquid slug-train dynamic formation in an ultra-maximum hydraulic diameter oscillating heat pipe in horizontal orientation

The formation of liquid slug is critical to the pulsating flow of vapor-liquid slug-train (VLST) in an ultra-maximum hydraulic diameter oscillating heat pipe (UHDOHP) in horizontal orientation. The high-speed vapor causes the fluctuations in the vapor-liquid interface and forms local low pressure at the wave peak, which promotes the wave peak growth to create a liquid slug. Therefore, how to obtain a sufficient vapor velocity is important. The results show that the required heat to obtain sufficient vapor velocity cannot exceed the maximum load-bearing heat that maintains the effective evaporation of liquid and the unobstructed flow of vapor. And the effects of liquid reflux limit (RL), sonic limit (SL) and critical heat flux (CHF) appear sequentially as the diameter increases. In the effective range of RL, the optimal filling ratio decreases with diameter. And reducing the effective length can weaken the RL limitation and increase the effective range of SL. Moreover, increasing the diameter and filling ratio can weaken the limiting effect of CHF. This study reveals the start-up of UHDOHP in a horizontal orientation and provides a guideline for promoting the VLST formation.

Temporal variability of the isotope compositions of plum rain in Nanjing from event to interannual time scales

Precipitation in the plum rain period accounts for 40%-50% of annual precipitation in the monsoon region. To clarify the temporal variability of the isotopic composition of precipitation during the plum rain period from event to interannual time scale and identify the influencing factors, we analyzed the isotopic composition of precipitation and its influencing factors in Nanjing from 2015 to 2022. By using the Hybrid Single-particle Lagran-gian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model with specific humidity analysis, we investigated the water vapor source and influencing factors. The results showed that 1) the isotopic abundance of atmospheric precipitation was depleted in the summer and enriched in winter. dx was lower in summer and higher in winter. The isotopic abundance of precipitation from the plum rain was depleted compared to mean value of the whole-year. 2) There was no significant correlation between δ2H and δ18O of the plum rain (precipitation) with local meteorological factors. However, dx was lower in light rain, reflecting the effect of sub-cloud evaporation. The average dx was higher during plum rain period in years with more total plum rain precipitation. 3) The low-latitude South China Sea and the western Pacific Ocean source area provided water vapor for the plum rain. The shift of moisture source region led to abrupt changes in precipitation isotopes. Our results could provide data support for studies on precipitation isotopes in the monsoon region, as well as a reference point for further understanding the precipitation mechanism of the plum rain and stu-dying the seasonal variability of atmospheric circulation in the East Asian monsoon region.

High-Quality Solution-Processed Quasi-2D Perovskite for Low-Threshold Lasers.

Spin-coated quasi-two-dimensional halide perovskite films, which exhibit superior optoelectronic properties and environmental stability, have recently been extensively studied for lasers. Crystallinity is of great importance for the laser performance. Although some parameters related to the spin-coating process have been studied, the in-depth understanding and effective control of the acceleration rate on two-dimensional perovskite crystallization during spin-coating are still unknown. Here we investigate the effect of solvent evaporation on the microstructure of the final perovskite films during the spin-coating process. The crystallization quality of the film can be significantly improved by controlling solvent evaporation. As a result, the prepared quasi-2D perovskite film exhibits a stimulated emission threshold (pump: 343 nm, 6 kHz, 290 fs) of 550 nm as low as 16.2 μJ/cm2. Transient absorption characterization shows that the radiative biexciton recombination time is reduced from 738.5 to 438.3 ps, benefiting from the improved crystallinity. The faster biexciton recombination significantly enhanced the photoluminescence efficiency, which is critical for population inversion. This work could contribute to the development of low-threshold lasers.

In vivo study of porous NiTi cryotweezers for bone tissue cryotherapy

This study examined the effects of liquid nitrogen vapor on osteogenesis in the rabbit femur. Cryotweezers made of porous nickel titanium alloy (nitinol or NiTi) obtained by self-propagating high temperature synthesis were used in this experiment. The porous structure of the cryotweezers allows them to hold up to 10 g of liquid nitrogen after being immersed for 2 min, which completely evaporates after 160 s. To study the effects of liquid nitrogen evaporation on osteogenesis, a rabbit femur was perforated. The formed holes were subjected to cryotherapy with varying exposure times. It was found that a 3 s exposure time stimulates osteogenesis, which was manifested in a greater number of osteoblasts in the regenerate compared to the control sample without liquid nitrogen. It was observed that increasing the exposure to 6, 9 or 12 s had a destructive effect, to varying degrees. The most severe damage was exerted by a 12 s exposure, which resulted in the formation of osteonecrosis areas. In the samples exposed to 6 and 9 s of cryotherapy, destruction of the cytoplasm of osteocytes and osteoclasts was observed.

Elastic, Janus 3D evaporator with arch-shaped design for low-footprint and high-performance solar-driven zero-liquid discharge

Solar-driven zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) is a promising wastewater management strategy for freshwater recovery and solid waste harvesting. However, practical application of the solar-driven ZLD is severely constrained due to its low evaporation efficiency, large footprint, and rapid salt accumulation. Here, we present a Janus arch-shaped solar-driven evaporator (▪) comprising a hydrophobic top photothermal layer for effective light absorption, solar-thermal conversion, and vapor evaporation, which exhibits an evaporation rate of 2.82 kg∙m−2∙h−1 in pure water. The design also includes shapable delignified longitudinal wood (D-L-wood) serving as the hydrophilic bottom water transport layer, which enables dual-directional saltwater transportation and salt crystallization. D-L-wood, with numerous aligned channels, exhibits a low thermal conductivity of 0.04 W·m−1·K−1 along perpendicular direction and can effectively localize heat on the photothermal layer of the evaporator. D-L-wood has excellent hydrophilicity, and the salty water can be transferred quickly along both ends of the wood, providing sufficient salty water for rapid evaporation. The anisotropy of the wood makes the heat transfer quickly along the channel, improving the thermal management ability of the evaporator. Moreover, during vapor evaporation on the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface, salt is crystallized at the hydrophilic layer, resulting in an enhanced anti-salt performance, a 1.5 folds evaporation rate compared with non-Janus evaporator after 15 h test. Under the conditions of a salt concentration of 3.5 %, a high salt harvest performance of 62.4 g∙m−2∙h−1 can be obtained under AM 1.5 solar irradiation. The arch-shaped design fully utilizes the upper space and effectively reduces evaporator footprint, resulting in an evaporation area to footprint ratio of 1.57:1. The designed evaporator can also be utilized for ZLD treatment of other heavy metal polluted water including Cu2+, CrO42−, Co2+, and so on. Therefore, the Janus-arch-shaped, solar-driven evaporator enables a potentially low-footprint, low-cost, scalable, and practical ZLD strategy for sustainable wastewater treatment.

Heat-transfer characteristics of the two-phase-change process between a microencapsulated phase-change-material-slurry droplet and air: A numerical study

A concept is proposed for spray-heat exchangers with the aim of addressing the mismatch of heat supply-demand within and outside a water droplet. The concept involves using a microencapsulated phase-change-material (MPCM) slurry as the working medium, enabling two-phase-change heat transfer with air. The temperature of the water droplet rapidly decreases owing to continuous evaporation, leading to a rapid decrease in its heat-transfer capacity. The phase change of the MPCM particles not only provides sufficient heat for evaporation but also maintains a high surface temperature, thus sustaining effective evaporation. A numerical model was developed to theoretically investigate the effect of the MPCM phase change on external convection. The heat-mass transfer of a droplet with a radius of 0.25 mm composed of water and 20 vol% MPCM was simulated. The results indicate that the MPCM phase change effectively reduces the temperature decrease rate. However, when the overall surface temperature of the MPCM droplet exceeds that of water, the total heat-transfer coefficient is not necessarily higher. Further local analysis reveals that maintaining both an overall high surface temperature and a reasonable local temperature distribution is crucial to achieve a higher total heat-transfer coefficient. The MPCM phase change significantly influences the local surface-temperature distribution.

A bifunctional wood membrane modified by MoS2/covalent organic framework heterojunctions for effective solar-driven water evaporation and contaminant degradation

A bifunctional wood membrane modified by MoS2/covalent organic framework heterojunctions for effective solar-driven water evaporation and contaminant degradation

Effect of water film evaporation on the shale gas transmission in inorganic nanopores under viscosity.

Shale gas reservoirs generally have ultra-low water saturation, and the water in reservoirs is closely bound to the walls of inorganic nanopores, forming a water film structure on the hydrophilic surface. When shale gas enters the inorganic nanopores, the water films in the inorganic pores will be removed by evaporation instead of being driven away by the gas, which increases the difficulty of predicting production during shale gas extraction. Based on molecular dynamics simulations, a water film evaporation model is proposed, considering the evaporation of water films during shale gas transport and the influence of water film evaporation on the shale gas transport mechanism. The Green-Kubo method is employed to calculate the viscosity of the water film. The evaporation flux of the water film under the influence of viscosity is discussed in the evaporation model. The transport mechanisms of shale gas in nanopores and the effect of water film evaporation on shale gas transport mechanisms are analyzed in detail. The result indicates that the water films in the inorganic nanopores are constrained on the hydrophilic surface, and the viscosity normal to the surface of the water film of 4Å is 0.005 26 Pa⋅S, which is 6.12 times the reference value of viscosity at 298K. In the process of water film evaporation, the evaporation flux of the water film is influenced by viscosity. In the study of the shale gas transport mechanism, water films in inorganic nanopores can hinder the surface diffusion of the methane molecules adsorbed on boundary and significantly reduce the mass flux of shale gas.

Carbonate system variability in the Mediterranean Sea: a modelling study

A basin-scale Mediterranean carbonate system model has been setup, building on the POSEIDON operational biogeochemical model. The spatial variability of carbonate system variables from a 13-year simulation (2010-2022) was validated against CARIMED in situ data (DIC, TA, pCO2), showing reasonable agreement in reproducing the observed patterns and preserving the dynamics in different areas, except a slight overestimation (~15 µmol/kg) of TA in the Eastern Levantine. The time-variability of model outputs (DIC, TA, pCO2, pH) was validated, against available time-series from Western (DYFAMED, Villefranche-PointB) and Eastern Mediterranean (HCB) sites, showing good agreement with the data, particularly for pCO2, pH and DIC. The model failed to reproduce the observed late summer peak of TA at DYFAMED/PointB sites, which may be partly attributed to the advection of lower alkalinity Atlantic water in the area. The seasonal variability of DIC and pCO2@20°C was found to be mainly controlled by winter mixing and the subsequent increase of primary production and net CO2 biological uptake, which appeared overestimated at HCB. Along with the reference simulation, three sensitivity simulations were performed, de-activating the effect of biology, evaporation and CO2 air-sea fluxes on DIC and TA, in order to gain insight on the processes regulating the simulated carbonate system variability. The effect of biological processes on DIC was found more significant (peak during spring) in the more productive North Western Mediterranean, while evaporation had a stronger impact (peak during late summer) in the Levantine basin. CO2 air-sea flux was higher in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Gulf of Lions and Alboran Sea, as well as in river influenced areas, such as the N. Adriatic and along the pathway of the Black Sea Water in the Aegean. A weak release of CO2 was found in the Eastern Levantine and Libyan Sea. Its basin average (+2.1 mmol/m2/day) and positive trend (+0.1 mmol/m2/day/year) indicates a gradually increasing net CO2 ocean uptake. The simulated positive trends of DIC (0.77 μmol/kg/year) and TA (0.53 μmol/kg/year) in the North Western Mediterranean were consistent with observational and modelling studies, in constrast with the Levantine basin, where no significant trends were found for TA.

Synthesis of Hydrophilic Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/CuS Free-Standing Thin Films Exhibiting Photothermal Conversion.

Free-standing films without the need for any support materials attract attention because of their excellent flexibility in use and ability to be transferred to various substrates. However, free-standing films containing large amounts of inorganic crystalline particles are hard to achieve due to their low strength. In this study, we found the possibility of preparing a free-standing composite film of CuS/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at a large loading of CuS (>50%) from a concentrated colloidal dispersion of CuS nanoparticles modified with PVP. Despite the large amount of inorganic crystals contained in the free-standing film, the film was strong enough to be handled without any support materials. As a proof-of-concept application of the free-standing film, a solar water evaporation experiment was performed. The CuS/PVP free-standing film exhibited photothermal conversion under light illumination to generate heat and accelerate water evaporation, achieving an evaporation rate of 4.35 kg·m-2 h-1 and an evaporation efficiency of 96.3% at a power density of 3 suns. In addition, thanks to the free-standing feature, one side of the CuS/PVP film could be hydrophobized with polydimethylsiloxane to form a Janus thin film, allowing for floating on the water surface. As a result, effective water evaporation was achieved because of the selective evaporation of water from the air/water interface.

The effect of freeze-thaw action on the dynamic change of supra-permafrost water sources: A stable isotope perspective

Due to the continuous degradation (gradual thawing) of permafrost, supra-permafrost water has become an important component of runoff that occurs in cold regions. However, current research has only focused on the amount of water provided by permafrost, and little has been reported regarding the source and formation mechanisms of supra-permafrost water. Due to the difficulty of observation and sampling in cold regions and insufficient data accumulation, model simulations face various difficulties in regard to solving problems related to hydrological processes. Considering the advantages of stable isotope tracer methods in hydrology, the source of supra-permafrost water in Qilian Mountain was analyzed based on 1,840 samples, and the source of supra-permafrost water was determined by end-member mixing analysis (EMMA). Negative line-conditioned excess (lc-excess), lower slope, and particularly the negative intercept of the evaporation line (EL) indicates strong evaporation effects on supra-permafrost water. Remarkably, the evolutionary process, influencing factors, and relationship with other water bodies all indicate that supra-permafrost water is replenished by precipitation, ground ice meltwater, and snow meltwater. The results indicated that from May to October, the contributions of precipitation to the supra-permafrost water were 79%, 83%, 90%, 84%, 87%, and 83%, respectively. Snow meltwater contributed 11%, 13%, 10%, 16%, 11%, and 9%, respectively. Permafrost degradation impacts the water cycle and can increase the minimum monthly runoff and increase groundwater storage. To mitigate the effects of this change, monitoring and early warning systems are essential for detecting signs of permafrost degradation in a timely manner so that appropriate measures can be taken. This may involve the use of remote-sensing technologies, sensor networks, and other methods for real-time monitoring. Establishing mechanisms for sharing information with the relevant departments is crucial. The research results provide scientific and technological support and aid in decision-making to mitigate the negative effects of continuous permafrost degradation in a changing environment.

Hydrogeochemical characteristics, stable isotopes, positive matrix factorization, source apportionment, and health risk of high fluoride groundwater in semiarid region

Chronic exposure to high fluoride (F-) levels in groundwater causes community fluorosis and non-carcinogenic health concerns in local people. This study described occurrence, dental fluorosis, and origin of high F-groundwater using δ2H and δ18O isotopes at semiarid Gilgit, Pakistan. Therefore, groundwater (n = 85) was collected and analyzed for F- concentrations using ion-chromatography. The lowest F- concentration was 0.4 mg/L and the highest 6.8 mg/L. F- enrichment is linked with higher pH, NaHCO3, NaCl, δ18O, Na+, HCO3-, and depleted Ca+2 aquifers. The depleted δ2H and δ18O values indicated precipitation and higher values represented the evaporation effect. Thermodynamic considerations of fluorite minerals showed undersaturation, revealing that other F-bearing minerals viz. biotite and muscovite were essential in F- enrichment in groundwater. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) and principal component analysis multilinear regression (PCAMLR) models were used to determine four-factor solutions for groundwater contamination. The PMF model results were accurate and reliable compared with those of the PCAMLR model, which compiled the overlapping results. Therefore, 28.3% exceeded the WHO permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L F-. Photomicrographs of granite rocks showed enriched F-bearing minerals that trigger F- in groundwater. The community fluorosis index values were recorded at > 0.6, revealing community fluorosis and unsuitability of groundwater for drinking.

Flow structure near three phase contact line of low-contact-angle evaporating droplets

Flow structure near three phase contact line (TPCL) of evaporating liquids plays a significant role in liquid wetting and dewetting, liquid film evaporation, and boiling. Despite the wide focus it receives, the interacting mechanisms therein remain elusive and in specific cases, controversial. Here, we reveal the profile of internal flow and elucidate the dominating mechanisms near TPCL of evaporating droplets, using mathematical modeling, trajectory analysis, and infrared thermography. We indicate that for less volatile liquids such as butanol, the flow pattern is dominated by capillary flow. With increasing liquid volatility, e.g., alcohol, the effect of evaporation cooling, under conditions, induces interfacial temperature gradient with cold droplet apex and warm edge. The temperature gradient leads to Marangoni flow that competes with outwarding capillary flow, resulting in the reversal of interfacial flow and the formation of a stagnation point near TPCL. The spatiotemporal variations of capillary velocity and Marangoni velocity are further quantified by mathematically decomposing the tangential velocity of interfacial flow. The conclusions can serve as a theoretical base for explaining deposition patterns from colloidal suspensions and can be utilized as a benchmark in analyzing more complex liquid systems.

Scaling up in situ combustion process for enhanced oil recovery in water-flooded light oil reservoirs from laboratory to field implementation

Aiming at low permeability, high water content light reservoir with a recovery rate higher than 20%, an improved air injection enhanced heat flooding technology is applied by combining the combustion reaction flow and flue gas flooding mechanism. The method involves the injection of air into the reservoir, which reacts with the crude oil at temperatures ranging from 220 to 300 °C. This reaction consumes part of the oil, enabling effective evaporation and flow of the remaining oil. This process combines combustion reaction flow with flue gas flooding, using high-temperature oxidation reactions to mobilize residual oil. Experimental results from combustion tube tests demonstrate stable reaction fronts, peak temperatures reaching up to 550 °C, and a significant increase in recovery rates, reaching 73.8% in some cases. Field applications of this technology require maintaining high air flux and burning rates in low-permeability zones to ensure effective heat-driven evaporation. The geological model of the well group shows that the recovery factor of the target block can be increased by more than 20% by air injection based on the water drive recovery factor of 28%–30%. The oil exchange ratio can be less than 4000 sm3/m3 by optimizing the air injection rate and oxygen content. The research results provide technical feasibility for heat flooding to significantly improve oil flow and recovery in low-permeability light oil reservoirs.

Controllable preparation of Ag@Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles and evaporation characteristics of nanoparticles-modified carbon membranes

To improve the ability of the medium to capture solar energy, Ag@Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared in this paper. The influences of different preparation conditions on the particle structure and photo-thermal properties were investigated, and the growth and spectral absorption properties of Ag@Fe3O4 NPs were analyzed. At the same time, nanoparticles-modified carbon membranes (NPCMs) were prepared by electrostatic adsorption method. The influences of radiation intensity and preparation concentration on photo-thermal properties were investigated, and the local evaporation mechanism of NPCMs was deeply explored. Experiments showed that changing the molar ratio of the precursor can effectively regulate the structure and optical properties of the NPs. The increase of the core radius of the NPs will increase the electric field strength (E) of the core surface and promote the absorption of light. Optimizing the temperature and heating time of the preparation process is very important for the successful realization of Fe3O4 coated Ag, while deepening the coupling between plasmons on the surface of adjacent NPs. Compared with the intensity of 5 sun, the evaporation efficiency at 2 sun is increased by 13.37%. The local evaporation effect caused by NPCMs makes the system still have good evaporation efficiency at low radiation intensity.