Evaluation Program Research Articles

Rigid continuation paths II. structured polynomial systems

AbstractThis work studies the average complexity of solving structured polynomial systems that are characterised by a low evaluation cost, as opposed to the dense random model previously used. Firstly, we design a continuation algorithm that computes, with high probability, an approximate zero of a polynomial system given only as black-box evaluation program. Secondly, we introduce a universal model of random polynomial systems with prescribed evaluation complexityL. Combining both, we show that we can compute an approximate zero of a random structured polynomial system withnequations of degree at most${D}$innvariables with only$\operatorname {poly}(n, {D}) L$operations with high probability. This exceeds the expectations implicit in Smale’s 17th problem.

Physical fitness in Austrian elementary school children prior to and post-COVID-19.

With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries implemented policies that included movement restrictions, social distancing and school closures in order to control the spread of the virus. Even though these actions may have been necessary to save lives, there have been some unintended consequences that could affect future public health. The present study uses data from more than 24,500 Austrian elementary school children (51.2% male) that participated in a state-wide fitness evaluation program, which was initiated in the 2016/17 school year. In addition to body weight and height, data on cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular power, speed, agility, flexibility and object control were collected from three cohorts prior to the implementation of movement restrictions (school years: 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19) and one cohort in 2022, after the majority of COVID-19 policies had been lifted. Body mass index percentiles were significantly higher in children post-COVID-19 (p < 0.01). Further, cardiorespiratory endurance, agility and flexibility were significantly lower post-COVID-19 compared to the years preceding movement restrictions (p ≤ 0.01), while absolute muscular strength was higher in the year 2022 (p < 0.01). Given the detrimental effects of COVID-19 policies on physical fitness in children, additional efforts are necessary that include versatile opportunities for physical activity and the promotion of physical fitness in order to modify the observed negative health trajectories and ensure future public health.

Ethylbenzene exposure in North America - an update

Chronic ethylbenzene exposures and attendant potential health risks for United States children and prospective parents were first evaluated under the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Voluntary Children’s Chemical Evaluation Program. Using updated data and methods, a 2015 reevaluation observed declines in ethylbenzene releases and concentrations in ambient and indoor air. Both assessments identified inhalation as the dominant exposure route and smoking as the greatest contributor, with dietary intake much lower. Children’s exposure concentrations were similar to that of adults, but their intakes were higher. Neither breastfeeding nor toy mouthing was a significant source. This report updates the previous assessments, summarizing current ethylbenzene concentrations in air and foods, exposures during the use of household and consumer products, nationally representative biomonitoring data, including expanded demographic groups, and a new survey of worker exposures in styrene production facilities. General population ethylbenzene exposures appear to have declined for all age groups. The ethylbenzene/styrene chain of commerce contributes an estimated 0.1% to total air emissions and 7%-12% to dietary concentrations. Total estimated ethylbenzene intakes are consistent with biomonitoring data. Lactational transfer is not a significant exposure pathway for breastfed infants. Production workers’ exposure is well below occupational guidelines. Updated exposure estimates for each pathway suitable for potential health risk assessment are proposed.

Real-time ship stability evaluation program through deterministic method based on second-generation intact stability

IMO suggests Second-Generation Intact Stability Criterion (SGISC), which consists of five failure modes, because of continuous accidents due to a lack of ship stability. In this study, Level 1 and Level 2 stability of SGISC were evaluated for three stability failure modes (Dead Ship Condition, Surf-riding, and Excessive Acceleration). Level 1 was calculated in the same way as the second-generation intact stability calculation method, and Level 2 was calculated in a deterministic manner by using a real-time maritime environment rather than a probabilistic approach for all maritime environments. Based on this, a program was developed to visualize dangerous and safe areas on a map. Using the developed program, it is expected that SGISC can be used not only in the design stage, but also in the operation stage of ships, such as route planning or selection of operating locations in the ocean.

Analysis of the Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility Towards Investment Efficiency of Oil and Gas Companies in Indonesia

Investment efficiency in any business sector is absolute. Investment efficiency in this study was investigated using the prevailing cash flow approach through which we examined its effect on the six dimensions of upstream oil and gas corporate social responsibility (CSR)/community development program (CDP) expenditures in Indonesia. This study aimed to provide information on the most important CSR/CDP expenditures that needed to be prioritized, as the expenditure had a broad impact on the company’s investment efficiency and was a part of the license-to-operate strategy. Descriptive analysis with panel data regression was used as the research method. The novelty of the research was on CSR activities and the forms of CSR, which included donation, social, and economic, in the Indonesian upstream oil and gas industry. The use of the company age as an additional control variable in the research also became a research novelty. The research samples were oil and gas companies in Indonesia at the exploitation stage, which already have gross revenue and equity to be split and reported CSR activities, with research observation conducted from 2018 to 2021. The results of the study concluded that CSR on education and the profit before interest and tax control variable had a significant and positive effect on investment efficiency, while the company age and sales growth control variables had a significant and negative effect on investment efficiency. As an implication, the CSR implemented by the contractors must be carried out holistically, accompanied by accurate, precise, and careful calculations in CSR/CDP funds realizations. Additionally, the Special Task Force for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (Satuan Kerja Khusus Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas Bumi; SKK Migas), as the contractor management, must provide CSR/CPD contributions evidence as part of the upstream oil and gas social investment. Our recommendation for future studies is to change dependent variables into social investment results, the result of the monitoring and evaluation program, and other factors.

THE IMPACT OF LOGISTICS EDUCATION QUALITY ON STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION AND ATTITUDE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD

The Covid-19 epidemic has spread rapidly since the day it first appeared and has turned into a global phenomenon and led universities to reorganize their existing systems. Logistics lessons’ applications could not implement in customs, airports, and seaports due to social distancing and isolation in itself which leads to negative impacts on logistics education quality. This study is aimed at analyzing the logistics education quality impact on logistics students' satisfaction and attitude during Covid-19 in state and foundation universities. A survey was conducted with 310 logistics students studying at five universities in Turkey during the Covid-19 outbreak. As a result of the research, the rapidly evolving global pandemic has affected the way logistics of education quality, students’ attitudes, and satisfaction during this crisis. In the Covid-19 outbreak, it was determined that students were not satisfied with the logistics education quality sub-factors "academical personal of logistics, education programs of logistics, measurement, and evaluation". The logistics education quality subfactors "teaching methods, internationalization, access, and approachableness of services had a positive effect on student attitude. In addition, it is envisaged that this study will develop an understanding of interdisciplinary cooperation and offer new solutions.

EVALUATION OF CHARACTER EDUCATION PROGRAMS

This research is an evaluation research which aims to find, prove, and analyze the success of the character education program in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Az Zarofah Jakarta Timur. This research uses the CIPP evalutaion model, which stands for Context, Input, Process, and Product. The research method uses a qualitative approach, namely by obtaining scientific data including data collection carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The subject in this research of the headmaster, student field, curriculum field, student guardian, teacher, treasurer or head of administration, students, and alumni. Then the data are analyzed by reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the research conducted, the following results were obtained: 1) The context aspect is divided into three components of evaluation, namely, philosophical foundations, vision and mission and program objectives, as well as program urgency. The analysis of the three aspects can be concluded to have high actuality. 2) In the input aspect consisting of the curriculum, the competence of the principal, the character of teachers, students, financing, and parental support, it's just that the facilities and infrastructure need to be improved. 3) In the process aspect, learning is well designed starting from learning activities, extracurricular activities, and supervision. 4) In the product aspect, which consists of internalizing character values, academic impact and non-academic impact has high actuality. This shows that students are able to apply character values well, have a positive impact on academic achievement, and have a positive impact on non-academics, namely daily behavior.

작업 자세 부하 평가를 위한 모션 데이터 기반 자동 인간공학적 평가 프로그램 개발 및 검증

Objective: This study aims to develop a simultaneous automatic evaluation program for three evaluation tools using motion data of wearable IMU sensors that can be used in the field, and to present various measures for the results of each evaluation tool of the entire work.BRBRBackground: Work-related musculoskeletal diseases have been on the rise over the past four years, and improvement based on the results of work posture evaluation is needed to prevent such musculoskeletal diseases. Recently, various automation evaluation methods have been proposed in consideration of the limitations of the existing observation method, but the image processing technology is difficult to apply on-site, and the motion data-based has a limitation using a small number of evaluation tools mainly focused on the upper and lower limbs.BRBRMethod: In the research procedure, after designing algorithms for each of the three ergonomic assessment tools, algorithm reliability was verified through analysis of the agreement between the manual evaluation results and automatic evaluation results, and simultaneous automatic evaluation programs were developed. Finally, the results of each assessment tool and evaluation scale were derived and compared by applying motion data of two types of work to the developed program.BRBRResults: Measurement items and criteria of motion data for 3 angles of 5 upper limbs and 3 lower limb postures were derived and based on algorithms for each of the 3 ergonomic assessment tools were designed. As a result of analyzing the degree of agreement between manual evaluation and automatic evaluation, the Kappa coefficient corresponded to a very high degree of agreement in all ergonomic assessment tools. The developed program presented the angles of major body parts according to time for each frame of the entire data, risk levels according to all assessment tools and individual assessment tools, and various evaluation scales such as Max, Min, Mode, Mean, Most posture, and Worst postures for each analyzed data.BRBRConclusion: As a result of Cohen

Pattern Classification of Stock Price Moving

The stock is one of the most important instruments of finance. However, the tendency of stock always has a high level of irregularity. In stock market, the stock price moving is considered as a time series problem. Clustering method on stock data is one of the machine learning methods and it is one of the most important analysis methods of technical analysis. The aim of this project is to find an efficient unsupervised learning way to analysis the stock market data to make classification of the patterns on different stock price moving data and get useful information for investment decisions by implementing different clustering algorithms. For this aim, the research objective of this project is to compare several of clustering methods like K-means algorithm, EM algorithm, Canopy algorithm, specify the best number of clusters for each clustering method by several evaluation indexes, show the result of each clustering method and make evaluation on the results of these clustering methods on stock market data of standard S&amp;P 500 stock marketing data. In addition, Weka 3 and Matlab are used to implement the clustering methods and evaluation program. Data visualization shows clearly that those public companies in the same cluster have similar stock price moving pattern. The experiment shows the result that K-means algorithm and EM algorithm perform effectively in stock price moving and Canopy algorithm can be used before K-means algorithm to improve the efficiency.

Comparative Evaluation of the Dynamics of Animal Husbandry Air Pollutant Emissions Using an IoT Platform for Farms

One of the major challenges of animal husbandry, in addition to those related to the economic situation and the current energy crisis, is the major contribution of this sector to atmospheric pollution. Awareness of pollution sources and their permanent monitoring in order to ensure efficient management of the farm, with the aim of reducing emissions, is a mandatory issue, both at the macro level of the economic sector and at the micro level, specifically at the level of each individual farm. In this context, the acquisition of consistent environmental data from the level of each farm will constitute a beneficial action both for the decision-making system of the farm and for the elaboration or adjustment of strategies at the national level. The current paper proposes a case study of air pollutants in a cattle farm for different seasons (winter and summer) and the correlation between their variation and microclimate parameters. A further comparison is made between values estimated using the EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme, 2019) methodology for air pollutant emission and values measured by sensors in a hybrid decision support platform for farms. Results show that interactions between microclimate and pollutant emissions exist and they can provide a model for the farm’s activities that the farmer can manage according to the results of the measurements.

- بناء نموذج تنظيمي للاعتماد المدرسي من المنظور التربوي الإسلامي: مدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي بسلطنة عمان أنموذجا Building an Organizational Model for School Accreditation from an Islamic Educational Perspective: Post-basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman as a Model.

Research Objectives: The research aims to build a model according to standards and indicators for school accreditation for schools of post-basic education in the Sultanate of Oman from an Islamic educational perspective that is compatible with the nature of the educational system in the Sultanate. To be a guide and guide for those in charge of improving and developing school performance, since school accreditation is one of the modern systems prevailing globally in evaluating the performance of global institutions. Study Methodology: The study relies on the descriptive approach, collecting information and literature on international and Arab school accreditation standards and linking them to the Islamic perspective. Results: The researcher designed a special school accreditation model for post-basic education consisting of (12) criteria distributed over (94) main indicators. Based on the need analysis and review of the main dimensions used in the previous studies, and for the purpose of sorting out the educational efficiency criteria for the school in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman, these dimensions were framed in (12) main criteria. The originality of the research: The school accreditation system is one of the educational systems that studies have agreed upon is an urgent and necessary need for schools to ensure the quality of outputs and reassure the community that the school is doing its job to the fullest. And recommended the need to apply it in educational institutions. Which recommended that accreditation should not be limited to institutions of higher education and private education alone, but should be extended to include the education system in all its stages and institutions. Hence the necessity of conducting this study, due to the lack of accurate standards that enable us to measure the efficiency of the school, through an evaluation program based on well-studied global scientific foundations and in line with the environment, Omani society and the nature of the stage and characteristics of post-basic education.

- بناء نموذج تنظيمي للاعتماد المدرسي من المنظور التربوي الإسلامي: مدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي بسلطنة عمان أنموذجا Building an Organizational Model for School Accreditation from an Islamic Educational Perspective: Post-basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman as a Model.

Research Objectives: The research aims to build a model according to standards and indicators for school accreditation for schools of post-basic education in the Sultanate of Oman from an Islamic educational perspective that is compatible with the nature of the educational system in the Sultanate. To be a guide and guide for those in charge of improving and developing school performance, since school accreditation is one of the modern systems prevailing globally in evaluating the performance of global institutions. Study Methodology: The study relies on the descriptive approach, collecting information and literature on international and Arab school accreditation standards and linking them to the Islamic perspective. Results: The researcher designed a special school accreditation model for post-basic education consisting of (12) criteria distributed over (94) main indicators. Based on the need analysis and review of the main dimensions used in the previous studies, and for the purpose of sorting out the educational efficiency criteria for the school in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman, these dimensions were framed in (12) main criteria. The originality of the research: The school accreditation system is one of the educational systems that studies have agreed upon is an urgent and necessary need for schools to ensure the quality of outputs and reassure the community that the school is doing its job to the fullest. And recommended the need to apply it in educational institutions. Which recommended that accreditation should not be limited to institutions of higher education and private education alone, but should be extended to include the education system in all its stages and institutions. Hence the necessity of conducting this study, due to the lack of accurate standards that enable us to measure the efficiency of the school, through an evaluation program based on well-studied global scientific foundations and in line with the environment, Omani society and the nature of the stage and characteristics of post-basic education.

FIT2DRIVE: DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A PREDICTOR OF DRIVING CAPACITY OF OLDER ADULTS WITH COGNITIVE CONCERNS

Abstract The decision to stop driving has been reported by caregivers of persons with dementia as one of the most difficult ones they confront. Additionally, primary care providers to whom they often turn for guidance report being unprepared to provide them with evidence-based information. Our aim was to develop and test a predictive model employing 2 or 3 brief, easily administered cognitive tests to predict the individual’s likelihood of passing an on road driving test. Participants were licensed drivers recruited from our Memory Center’s driver evaluation program and the community to obtain a broadly representative sample of older drivers. A total of 357 drivers age 60 to 97 (mean 81) completed an established on-road driving test and battery of short cognitive tests. Two-thirds of the sample were white, non-Hispanic, one third were Black, African American, 59% male and 41% female, mean MMSE score of 24. Employing Receiver Operating curve analysis, the best set of predictors included participant age, MMSE utilizing world spelled backwards (a better predictor than serial 7’s), Trails B time in seconds and participant age yielding 95% AUC (area under the curve). The model was invariant across gender, education and ethnic group. A website with an interactive calculator in which this data is entered and likelihood of passing an on-road driving test prediction is presently under construction and will be available first to providers and later to individuals with a concern about continuing capacity to drive. Funded by Florida Department of Health Ed and Ethel Moore Alzheimer’s Disease Initiative.

Elemental composition and thickness determination of thin films by electron probe microanalysis

Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) applies to solid samples of homogenous (bulk) chemical composition and can usually not be applied to structures which are inhomogeneous in the micrometer range such as thin film systems down to a few nm. However, in combination with the established thin film software Stratagem, the thickness as well as the elemental composition of thin films on a substrate can be determined. This has been recently successfully demonstrated for Fe‐Ni on Si and Si‐Ge on Al2O3 thin film systems. For both systems five samples of different elemental composition and a reference were produced and characterised by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), Rutherford backscattering (RBS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as reference values. Last year, a new and open‐source thin film evaluation programme called BadgerFilm has been released. It can also be used to determine thin film composition and thickness from intensity ratios of the unknown sample and standards (k‐ratios). In this contribution, we re‐evaluated the data acquired for the Fe‐Ni and Si‐Ge systems using the BadgerFilm software package and compared the obtained elemental compositions and thickness values with the results of the Stratagem software and the reference methods. The conclusion is that the BadgerFilm software shows good agreement with the elemental composition and thickness calculated by Stratagem (mostly &lt;2% for both composition and thickness) and with the reference values for two representative thin film systems (&lt;1%–2% for composition and &lt;10%–20% for thickness).

Gender-associated cardiometabolic risk profiles and health behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) program

In Asia, diabetes-associated death due to cardiorenal diseases were 2-3 times higher in women than men which might be due to gender disparity in quality of care and health habits. Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from 11 Asian countries/areas were assessed using the same protocol (2007-2015). We compared treatment target attainment (HbA1c < 7%, blood pressure [BP] < 130/80mmHg, risk-based LDL-cholesterol, lack of central obesity [waist circumference <90cm in men or <80cm in women), use of cardiorenal-protective drugs (renin-angiotensin system [RAS] inhibitors, statins), and self-reported health habits including self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) by gender. Analyses were stratified by countries/areas, age of natural menopause (<50 vs. ≥50 years), and comorbidities (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [ASCVD], heart failure, kidney impairment [eGFR < 60mL/min/1.73m2]). Among 106,376 patients (53.2% men; median (interquartile range) diabetes duration: 6.0 (2.0-12.0) years; mean±SD HbA1c 8.0±1.9%; 27% insulin-treated), women were older and less likely to receive college education than men (28.9% vs. 48.8%). Women were less likely to smoke/drink alcohol and were physically less active than men. Women had lower BP (<130/80mmHg: 29.4% vs. 25.7%), less general obesity (54.8% vs. 57.8%) but more central obesity than men (77.5% vs. 57.3%). Women were less likely to have ASCVD (12.8% vs. 17.0%) or heart failure (1.3% vs. 2.3%), but more likely to have kidney impairment (22.3% vs. 17.6%) and any-site cancer than men (2.5% vs. 1.6%). In most countries/areas, more men attained HbA1c <7% and risk-based LDL-cholesterol level than women. After adjusting for potential confounders including countries and centres, men had 1.63 odds ratio (95% CI 1.51, 1.74) of attaining ≥3 treatment targets than women. Asian women with T2D had worse quality of care than men especially in middle-income countries/areas, calling for targeted implementation programs to close these care gaps. Asia Diabetes Foundation. Nil.

Development of an evidence‑based, theory‑driven, and culturally appropriate character strengths-based intervention for breast cancer patients, following the Medical Research Council Framework.

To design and develop a complex, evidence‑based, theory‑driven, and culturally appropriate character strengths-based intervention (CSI) for breast cancer patients, following the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework. From 2018 September to 2020 November, a complex intervention perspective was adopted. The rationale, methods, and processes employed in carrying out the study were reported. The acceptability and feasibility of intervention program were evaluated as a part of subsequent pilot study. Based on piloting, a refined and optimized definitive intervention was obtained. The development of the intervention is an iterative process involving input from three key stakeholders: experts, medical staff, and patient representatives. The systematic review revealed CSIs were effective and the selected theory served as a guide and indicated theory-inspired modifications. A representative team of breast cancer patients and oncology nurses collaboratively developed and tailored the intervention content and format with attention to the acceptability and feasibility. Five main strategies, including peripheral, evidential, linguistic, constituent-involving, and sociocultural strategies, were used to achieve and strengthen the cultural appropriateness. After the pilot phase, several refinements were made on the CSI program, such as editorial changes in the booklet or alternative suggestions for difficult strengths-based activities (e.g., outdoor activities). All participants not only expressed satisfaction with the program in process evaluation, but also reported perceived benefits such as enjoyable and sociable experience, better well-being, and increased confidence. Consideration of the MRC framework, theory guidance, and suggestions from stakeholders during intervention development can optimize uptake and sustainability in the clinical setting. It is recommended that randomized controlled trial be used in future studies to assess the intervention, the process and the mechanisms of the intervention. Our approach may offer implications for the design and implementation of similar initiatives to support cancer patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Register Identifier: NCT04219267, 07/01/2020, retrospectively registered.

United Kingdom criteria for liver transplantation in the setting of isolated unresectable colorectal liver metastases.

Studies have demonstrated that liver transplantation may be an effective treatment for isolated unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Published data suggest that 5-year survival may be as high as 80%; however, recurrent disease is commonplace. Consequently, the Liver Transplantation for Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases Fixed Term Working Unit recommended to the NHS Blood and Transplant Liver Advisory Group that while CRCLM is an appropriate indication for transplantation, selection criteria should be conservative and that it should be undertaken within a clinical service evaluation programme. The aim of this work is to outline the proposed UK selection criteria and follow-up process for CRCLM transplantation. Consensus statement by colorectal cancer/liver transplantation patient representatives, experts in colorectal cancer surgery/oncology, liver transplantation surgery, hepatology, hepatobiliary radiology, hepatobiliary pathology and nuclear medicine. This study provides a comprehensive outline of the inclusion/exclusion criteria for referral in the UK. Furthermore, the referral framework is also explained. Pretransplant assessment criteria for listing/delisting are outlined. Finally, the oncology-specific outcome measures posttransplant are described. It is anticipated this service will begin in December 2022. A series of educational events for the referrers and transplant units will be arranged throughout 2023 to highlight CRCLM as a newly accepted UK indication for transplantation. A national audit will be undertaken to identify patients currently on treatment who meet the criteria for transplant. Data will be collected in a national registry and reviewed on an ongoing basis to confirm the safety of this treatment and to determine if the inclusion criteria require revision.

Management of Madrasah Heads in Improving the Quality of Education

This study aims to see how the implementation of madrasah principal management in improving the quality of education at MTsN 1 Batang Hari. The methodology used in this research is a qualitative method in the form of a case study. The respondent of this study was the head of madrasah and teachers at MTsN 1 Batang Hari. The research instruments are interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis technique was used condensing or reducing data, presenting data and drawimg conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of madrasah principal management in improving the quality of education can be seen from the implementation of several programs. These programs start from planning management, implementation management and evaluation management. The planning program is comprehensive, integral, qualitative and quantitative, sustainable, efficient, realiable administration and resource accumulation. The implementation program includes teamwork, adequate facilities, information disclosure, involving stakeholders, students and parents in all activities. The evaluation program implement the principal’s managerial competencies, leadership abilities, skills in managing madrasahs, preserving the culture and climate of madrasahs and guiding educators and madrasahs employee.

Toward Understanding of Long‐Term Nitrogen Transport and Retention Dynamics Across German Catchments

AbstractLong‐term nitrogen (N) transport and retention dynamics across catchments are not well understood. Using a process‐based model for 89 German catchments, results across study catchments reveal that most N surplus (during 1950–2014) was removed by denitrification (mean ± standard deviation: 58 ± 15%) while the remaining fraction was mostly stored in the soil (14% ± 11%). The mean groundwater transit times in these catchments varied from 3.2 to 20.3 years. These results indicate that past N inputs could continue to affect surface and groundwater quality in the coming years. We identified four catchment groups with distinct archetypal N transport and retention dynamics, which are linked to the catchments' climate, topographic, and geological conditions. Overall, our results shed light on long‐term N dynamics in German catchments and how they are linked to catchment characteristics, emphasizing the role of long‐term N accumulation and transport for water quality management and evaluation programs.

Автоматизована генерація програм для одного класу параметричних алгоритмів нейроеволюції

The facilities of algebra of hyperschemes are applied for automated generation of neuroevolution algorithms on an example of a binary multiplexer evaluation problem, which is a part of the SharpNEAT system. SharpNEAT is an open-source framework developed in C# programming language, which implements a genetic neuroevolution algorithm for the .NET platform. Neuroevolution is a form of artificial intelligence, which uses evolution algorithms for creating neural networks, parameters, topology, and rules. Evolution algorithms apply mutation, recombination, and selection mechanisms for finding neural networks with behavior that satisfies to conditions of some formally defined problem. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of algebra of algorithms and hyperschemes for the automated generation of evaluation programs for neuroevolution problems. Hyperscheme is a high-level parameterized specification of an algorithm for solving some class of problems. Setting the values of the hyperscheme parameters and further interpretation of a hyperscheme allows obtaining algorithms adapted to specific conditions of their use. Automated construction of hyperschemes and generation of algorithms based on them is implemented in the developed integrated toolkit for design and synthesis of programs. The design of algorithms is based on Glushkov systems of algorithmic algebra. The schemes are built using a dialogue constructor of syntactically correct programs, which consists in descending design of algorithms by detailing the constructions of algorithmic language. The design is represented as an algorithm tree. Based on algorithm schemes, programs in a target programming language are generated. The results of the experiment consisting in executing the generated binary multiplexer evaluating program on a cloud platform are given.