Ergonomic Evaluation Research Articles

Analysis of the influence of feed and lateral force on productivity and hand-arm vibration in interaction with drill bit wear and concrete strength

The productivity and vibration are important aspects of the ergonomic evaluation of hammer drills and are influenced by drill bit wear and the feed force. In addition, the user applies a lateral force. The influence of the lateral forces in interaction with the drill bit wear on productivity and hand arm vibration (HAV) has not been investigated yet. In this study, first, the influence of the feed and lateral force on drill bit wear was investigated and subsequently how this wear interacts with the user forces to change hammer drill vibration and the rate of penetration. Furthermore, the concrete strength and the drill bit manufacturers were varied. The experiment was performed on a robot-based test rig with a total of 4800 boreholes. The rate of penetration, the hammer drill vibrations, and the wear of the drill bit were measured. It could be shown that the lateral force has a strong effect on the helix diameter wear (p < .001). Furthermore, the feed and lateral force each had an influence on the hammer drill vibration (each p < .001) and on the rate of penetration (each p < .001). The lateral force in interaction with the drill bit wear changed the vibration at the main handle. Further, it could be shown that the wear pattern varies depending on the concrete strength and drill bit manufacturer. These findings help manufacturers in developing reliable and ergonomic products and for class societies in designing standards for HAV.

Ergonomic evaluation of school furniture in Slovenia: From primary school to university.

BACKGROUND:Adequate school furniture is important to prevent musculoskeletal discomfort among students.OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of school furniture compared to body dimensions of students.METHODS:A cross-sectional study included a total of 442 students from primary school, secondary school, and university. Nine body dimensions along with five furniture dimensions were measured and equations for mismatch criteria were applied.RESULTS:In primary school, differences in body dimensions were more evident among students of different age, while in secondary school and university, differences between male and female students became more apparent. The mismatch for desk height ranged from 100.0% at primary school to 48.0% at university. Similarly, the seat height mismatch was the most evident in primary school (89.7% –94.6%), lower at university (52.0%) and the lowest in secondary school (18.0%). The seat depth mismatch was present among all groups, ranging from 23.1% to 40.4%, and was in general more pronounced in males. Seat to desk clearance mismatch was the most evident among secondary school students. In primary school, seat and desk height were generally too high for most of students.CONCLUSIONS:Specific differences in body dimensions among groups of students of different age and gender were observed and a high student-furniture mismatch was identified in all educational institutions. Implementation of adjustable school furniture, covering at least two size marks, is needed to provide ergonomic and healthy learning conditions and to further enhance the comfort and well-being of students in the classroom.

Towards gestured-based technologies for human-centred Smart Factories

ABSTRACT Despite the increasing degree of automation in industry, manual or semi-automated are commonly and inevitable for complex assembly tasks. The transformation to smart processes in manufacturing leads to a higher deployment of data-driven approaches to support the worker. Upcoming technologies in this context are oftentimes based on the gesture-recognition, − monitoring or – control. This contribution systematically reviews gesture or motion capturing technologies and the utilization of gesture data in the ergonomic assessment, gesture-based robot control strategies as well as the identification of COVID-19 symptoms. Subsequently, two applications are presented in detail. First, a holistic human-centric optimization method for line-balancing using a novel indicator – ErgoTakt – derived by motion capturing. ErgoTakt improves the legacy takt-time and helps to find an optimum between the ergonomic evaluation of an assembly station and the takt-time balancing. An optimization algorithm is developed to find the best-fitting solution by minimizing a function of the ergonomic RULA-score and the cycle time of each assembly workstation with respect to the workers’ ability. The second application is gesture-based robot-control. A cloud-based approach utilizing a generally accessible hand-tracking model embedded in a low-code IoT programming environment is shown.

A Study on Ergonomic Layout of Automotive Electronic Shift Buttons

Automotive gear shifters are among the most important control devices in driving tasks, and their user-centered design has a direct impact on the driving performance and safety. In recent years, shift-by-wire systems with electronic shift buttons have replaced conventional transmission systems due to their advantages, such as the ease of shifting and space utilization inside vehicles. However, there are no minimum requirements or specific regulations for electronic shift button layouts. Thus, different car manufacturers and models have adopted different layouts, and this in turn has induced the risk of driver confusion/error in the shifting operation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ergonomic performance of different electronic shift button layouts and examine the variance in performance depending on driving experience. Here, 21 survey respondents with different levels of driving experience subjectively evaluated 12 different shift button layouts for 7 ergonomic evaluation measures (accuracy, convenience, rapidity, learnability, intuitiveness, safety, and preference). The outcomes of the study elucidate ergonomic layouts that receive high rankings in each driving experience group (all, novice, and experienced drivers) and principles that should be considered when designing shift button layouts for each group. These findings are expected to contribute to the ergonomic design and international standardization of shift button layouts, thereby preventing driver confusion/errors and improving road safety.

Evaluation of a spring-loaded upper-limb exoskeleton in cleaning activities

In the past few years, companies have started considering the adoption of upper-limb occupational exoskeletons as a solution to reduce the health and cost issues associated with work-related shoulder overuse injuries. Most of the previous research studies have evaluated the efficacy of these devices in laboratories by measuring the reduction in muscle exertion resulting from device use in stereotyped tasks and controlled conditions. However, to date, uncertainties exist about generalizing laboratory results to more realistic conditions of use. The current study aims to investigate the in-field efficacy (through electromyography and perceived exertion), usability, and acceptance of a commercial spring-loaded upper-limb exoskeleton in cleaning job activities. The operators were required to maintain prolonged overhead postures while holding and moving a pole equipped with tools for window and ceiling cleaning. Compared to the normal working condition, the exoskeleton significantly reduced the total shoulder muscle activity (∼17%), the activity of the anterior deltoid (∼26%), medial deltoid (∼28%), and upper trapezius (∼24%). With the exoskeleton, the operators perceived reduced global effort (∼17%) as well as a reduced local effort in the shoulder (∼18%), arm (∼22%), upper back (∼14%), and lower back (∼16%). The beneficial effect of the exoskeleton and its suitability in cleaning settings are corroborated by the acceptance and usability scores assigned by operators, which averaged ∼5.5 out of 7 points. To the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to present an experience of exoskeleton use in cleaning contexts. The outcomes of this research invite further studies to test occupational exoskeletons in various realistic applications to foster scientific-grounded ergonomic evaluations and encourage the informed adoption of the technology.

ПРОБЛЕМА ЭРГОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ЭВОЛЮЦИОНИРУЮЩИХ СОЦИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ С ИСКУССТВЕННЫМ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТОМ

Evolving the technogenic world, developing network and cyber-physical systems include mechanisms of social and environmental self-organization due to transforming human experience within the cycles of autopoetic techno-environment self-organization. At the stages of forming and implementing a technical project, an important role in creating new forms of socio-technical systems (artificial intelligence technology) is played by the concept adopted by the developers including the mechanisms of self-organization and the system development, associated with the methodology for evaluating the ergonomic properties of the systems being created. Ergonomic evaluation plays a special harmonizing and corrective role in creating human-machine sociotechnical systems. The article shows the decisive importance in forming an ergonomic evaluation of sociotechnical systems of the reduction mechanisms, which determine the evolution of these systems in the required direction. A sociotechnical system with artificial intelligence a priori does not have all the properties known and understandable to authors and users in advance, it manifests the properties only in a working context, which does not allow using the usual methods of ergonomic appraisal applied in evaluating the constant qualities of a sociotechnical system in relation to the user.&#x0D; The special role of symbiotic relationship in maintaining the effective operation of sociotechnical systems with distributed artificial intelligence is noted. The processes of coherence-decoherence that affect changing forms of organized complexity and determine the system viability in the environment are considered. The problem of deactivating the elements of the technical environment generated by technologies into the evolving part of the socio-technical system is posed. On the example of the Internet, the paper shows that the free evolution of the technical environment associated with the excessive information diversity of the network social component leads to accelerating its evolution, but reduces its social sustainability and stability. The extreme danger of total digitalization is emphasized.

Validation of Magneto-Inertial Measurement Units for Upper-Limb Motion Analysis Through an Anthropomorphic Robot

Kinematic analysis of human movement is paramount for medical and working scenarios, such as rehabilitation or ergonomic evaluation of workers. Recent studies in the state-of-the-art highlight the importance of assessing the performance of M-IMUs as tools for objective kinematic analysis before exploiting them in any context. This work aims at proposing a method grounded on the use of an anthropomorphic robot, to characterize the behavior of M-IMUs for specific frequency and amplitude ranges, typical of human upper limb movements. The use of a robot allows generating controlled and repeatable angular trajectories, thus providing a gold standard to evaluate the capability of the sensors to accurately track target angular trajectories. The Root Mean Square Error is adopted as a performance indicator. An experimental validation of the proposed method is carried out on two different sets of M-IMUs. The 87.96% and 71.30% of the performed trials exhibit errors lower than 0.087 rad for the WISE and Xsens sensors, respectively. The proposed workflow can be exploited to characterize the sensor behavior for different applications as well as the sensor fusion algorithms implemented into the measurement unit.

Perancangan Meja Las yang Ergonomis berdasarkan Analysis REBA di Universitas Sebelas Maret

Welding practice is one type of practice with a fairly long duration. Therefore, an ergonomic welding table design is needed so that the practice can practice safely and comfortably. The purpose of this study was to evaluate existing designs with the REBA analysis approach and then redesign the more ergonomic welding table. Data collection technique using purposive sampling technique. The proposed welding table design is based on anthropometric data of 30 UNS Mechanical Engineering Education students class of 2018, 2019, and 2020. The design design of this welding table uses SolidWork 2019 software. The calculation of ergonomic risk evaluation with REBA resulted in a score of 6 meaning that immediate improvement is needed and requires further investigation. The results of this study obtained a new welding table design design that has dimensions: 42 cm in length, 40 cm in width, and 2,010 cm in height. This welding table also provides space to put the welding machine under the welding table. Thus, the improvement of the design of the welding table will increase the efficiency of the implementation of the practice. In addition, the practice will be safer and more comfortable because the welding table has adjusted to the posture of the average student.

Inertial Motion Capture-Based Estimation of L5/S1 Moments during Manual Materials Handling.

Inertial motion capture (IMC) has gained popularity in conducting ergonomic studies in the workplace. Because of the need to measure contact forces, most of these in situ studies are limited to a kinematic analysis, such as posture or working technique analysis. This paper aims to develop and evaluate an IMC-based approach to estimate back loading during manual material handling (MMH) tasks. During various representative workplace MMH tasks performed by nine participants, this approach was evaluated by comparing the results with the ones computed from optical motion capture and a large force platform. Root mean square errors of 21 Nm and 15 Nm were obtained for flexion and asymmetric L5/S1 moments, respectively. Excellent correlations were found between both computations on indicators based on L5/S1 peak and cumulative flexion moments, while lower correlations were found on indicators based on asymmetric moments. Since no force measurement or load kinematics measurement is needed, this study shows the potential of using only the handler’s kinematics measured by IMC to estimate kinetics variables. The assessment of workplace physical exposure, including L5/S1 moments, will allow more complete ergonomics evaluation and will improve the ecological validity compared to laboratory studies, where the situations are often simplified and standardized.

Evaluation of labor ergonomics of machine milking operators working at milking machines «Carousel»

The article shows the assessment of the hourly and shift energy intensity of the operator's work on rotary milking machines with internal milking (of the "Herringbone" type) with the connection of teat cups on the side and on installations with external milking with the connection of teat cups at the back (of the "Parallel" type). The purpose of the study is to determine the indicators of ergonomics and energy intensity of labor productivity of machine milking operators working on rotary milking machines. The conditions that affect the labor productivity of the milking operator are considered. Calculations are presented to determine the indicators of ergonomics and energy intensity of labor of machine milking operators. The data were obtained empirically using the method of chronometric observations of the work of operators in the milking parlor and the principles of a systematic approach. The total mass of loads moved during each hour of the shift from the working surface is exceeded for men (the normal value is not more than 870 kg) and significantly exceeded for women (the normal value is not more than 350 kg) and is 644...1380 kg on Milkline (external) provided that one operator works at the connecting of the milking machine. The total mass of loads is also exceeded for female operators on the AutoRotor 40 (external) and AutoRotor 60 (external) «Carousels» and amounts to 653 kg and 575 kg per operator, respectively. The normal value of the static load per shift when holding the load and applying efforts with one hand for men - not more than 353.0 kN∙s, for women ‒ not more than 215.7 kN∙s. On Milkline installations (external) it is 212.4…455.0 kN∙s when one operator works at the connecting of the milking machine, while the upper limit is significantly exceeded for both men and especially women.

Ergonomic Evaluation of Young Agricultural Operators Using Handle Equipment Through Electromyography and Vibrations Analysis Between the Fingers

BackgroundAgricultural handle equipment is present on all production areas' farms. They are handy and portable; however, excessive use can lead to acute traumas or accidental injuries. Repetitive movements, awkward postures, and hand-arm vibrations predispose them to pain and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this study was to observe the interaction of handle equipment in terms of electromyographic activity and analyze the postural work-related alterations. Materials and methodsTwenty male agricultural operators, mean age 24 ± 1.54 years, underwent the electromyographic analysis testing their muscular activities with a brushcutter, electric saw, and hedge trimmer in four different test conditions. ResultsThe brushcutter proved to be the agricultural handle equipment with the higher mean frequency (3.37 ± 0.38 Hz) and root mean square (5.25 ± 1.24 ms−2). Furthermore, the digital postural analysis showed a general asymmetry of the main arm and the respective side of the trunk. The head resulted right inclined in the anterior frontal plane by 5.7° ± 1.2°; the right scapula lower than the left in the posterior frontal plane (8.5° ± 1.8°), and a working trunk inclination of 34.15° ± 5.7°. ConclusionsVibrations of handle equipment and awkward working postures represent a risk for agricultural operators. Preventive measures are required to avoid young operators from experiencing musculoskeletal disorders all lifelong.

An ergonomic evaluation of workers in the winding section of the pump manufacturing industry.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are prevalent and have an impact across occupations. However, there are very few studies that document the prevalence of WMSDs in the pump industry. In manufacturing industries, the common issue for WMSDs and physiological stress among the workers is caused by poor working posture. To investigate the occupational risks at the winding station in the pump manufacturing industry. In addition, this study examined the influence of work-study on mitigating occupational risks. Workers who were involved in circular coil winding and insulation testing were considered for the study. Awkward postures adopted while performing these tasks cause fatigue, injuries and WMSDs. Tasks were evaluated as per the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standards. A work-study was conducted to better understand the workflow. Virtual ergonomic postural evaluation (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, RULA) was used to identify the occupational risks. Time taken for making circular windings and insulation testing (7.5 Hp submersible motor) was found to be 4.04 minutes and 0.95 minutes, respectively. A CAD model was used for ergonomic evaluation in the virtual environment. The RULA final score of 2 and 3 is attributed to coil winding and insulation testing. For further studies, the whole pump manufacturing process should be taken into account. The ergonomic tools used in this study will considerably reduce the occupation risks at the winding station in the pump manufacturing industry.

The rehabilitation robot: factors influencing its use, advantages and limitations in clinical rehabilitation

Purpose Despite the proven effectiveness of rehabilitation robots (RR) in the literature, they are still little used in clinical rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to analyse the factors influencing the use of RR and the perception of therapists who used RR. Method In order to characterize the factors influencing the use of RR by therapists, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 18 therapists. These interviews are based on an interview guide inspired by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model. The interviews were recorded and then transcribed, summarized and finally synthesized cross-sectionally. In addition and in parallel, the System Usability Scale (SUS) was also proposed to clinicians in order to collect quantitative data. Results The interviews highlight the facilitators perceived by the therapists, such as the intensity of the movement, the complementarity with conventional rehabilitation. The results also showed the possible barriers perceived, these can be sometimes inconclusive (e.g., bugs). The SUS results show no effect, either on the gender of the users, their therapists, or the duration of use of the tool. Conclusion Better communication on the functionality of the robot and the construction of achievable goals would lead to more results that are conclusive but also better patient care. To date, and despite the evidence for the effectiveness of RRs, therapists believe that there are still many barriers to their use. They agree, however, that if changes are made, RRs will become an integral part of therapy. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION The study idenfied and highlighted the factors influencing the use of the rehabilitation robot in the clinics through metric and ergonomic evaluations. The study allowed to quantify the level of acceptance of the Lokomat among therapists. This study allowed to identify negative factors that could be resolved through the implementation of a structured and generalized protocol for patients and thus improve their care.

Ergonomic design and evaluation of carbon nanotube film (CNTF) and metal wire based flexible electrically heated gloves

Electric heating gloves are essential for people working in severe cold environments which could protect their hands warm efficiently. Existing electric heating gloves, however, tend to restrict the movement of the fingers and have limited thermal protection, affecting the working efficiency of the wearers. Here, we report on the development and evaluation of carbon nanotube film (CNTF) and metal fiber based electric heating gloves. The electric heating elements were placed in the back of the gloves, and we tested the electric heating properties of the gloves. They showed great electrothermal performance and it had a certain repeatability and stability through multiple experiments. Then the electro-thermal and ergonomic performance of the gloves were evaluated under the severe cold outdoor environment of −20 ± 2°C. In comparison with conventional single layer polar fleece gloves and carbon fiber electric heating gloves that purchased from the market, CNTF based gloves and metal fiber-based gloves demonstrated outstanding advantages in terms of faster heating speed, great warmth retention, and enhanced finger agility, which is attributed to the electrothermal properties of CNTF and metal fiber as well as the structural design of the gloves.

Pinch Grip per SE Is Not an Occupational Risk Factor for the Musculoskeletal System: An Experimental Study on Field

Introduction: Some ergonomic evaluation methods define pinch grip as a risk factor independent of the exerted force. The present experimental study was performed with the main aim of objectively measuring the muscle engagement during the execution of pinch grip. Methods: the participants of the study were healthy workers occupationally involved in a high-intensity repetitive job related to the sorting of letters and small packages. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to study the activity of the abductor pollicis brevis and first dorsal interosseous fibers related to the execution of the required working tasks, while the force exerted during voluntary muscle contraction for pinch grip was measured by a portable acquisition system. The subjects were specifically asked to exert the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and further voluntary isometric contractions with a spontaneous force (SF) equal to 10%,20% and 50% of the MVIC; finally, the workers were asked to hold in pinch grip two types of envelopes, weighing 100 g and 500 g, respectively. Results: The force required to pinch 100 and 500 g envelopes by the fifteen subjects of the study corresponded to 4 and 5% MVIC, respectively. The corresponding sEMG average rectified values (ARV) were approximately 6% of that at MVIC for first dorsal interosseus (FDI) fibers and approximately 20–25% of MVIC for abductor pollicis brevis (ABP) fibers. Bivariate correlation analysis showed significant relationships between force at MVIC and FDI ARV at MCV. Conclusions: The obtained results demonstrate that muscle recruitment during pinch grip varies as a function of the SF: not only the position but also the exerted force should be considered when assessing the pinch grip as risk factor for biomechanical overload of the upper limb.

Digital ergonomics: an evaluation framework for the ergonomic risk assessment of heterogeneous workers

ABSTRACT In the era of smart factories, digital twin may be a key for improving ergonomics analyses related to manual assembly activities. The use of digital technologies can help in bypassing some biases related to observational methods and speeding up the ergonomics analyses. This paper proposes a framework based on the development of a digital environment for carrying out ergonomics simulations of complex working systems in which a number of workers and other variables have to be considered for ergonomics evaluation. Based on such framework, a case study considering heterogeneous workers in a manual car assembly system has been analysed, and the impact of the implementation of different job rotation strategies has been studied. The tool is demonstrated to be effective in evaluating the physical ergonomic risk of a large number of configurations, and the results highlighted that proper job rotation strategies may affect the final scores of the considered indices.

초음파용 프로브 설계의 인간공학적 분석

Objective: The present study is intended to analyze the design characteristics of ultrasonic probes in different sizes and shapes and identify the preferred design characteristics by ergonomic evaluation.<BR><BR>Background: The use of an ultrasound probe among sonographers in improper postures with high repetitions for long periods of time has resulted in a high incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms and/or disorders.<BR><BR>Method: While sonographers (n = 12) simulated ultrasound scanning tasks with two linear array probes (small-flat, SF; large-curved, LC) in different sizes and shapes by applying forces of 20±4N, EMG activities, body motions, and grip postures were measured. After completing the ultrasound simulation tasks, a comparative evaluation of subjective satisfaction with the two probe designs was conducted.<BR><BR>Results: The SF probe required a larger range of motion at the elbow (up to 9.9° on average), higher RMS EMG levels (-1.8~48.4%) during the probe rotation task at the shoulder (pectoralis and infraspinatus), neck (right/left sterno-cleido-mastoid and trapezius), and upper-arm (biceps), and larger finger joint angles (-6.3~15.8°) than the LC probe.<BR><BR>Conclusion: The SF probe was preferred to the LC probe in terms of grip fit, the opposite was found in terms of the efficiency of force transfer.<BR><BR>Application: The analysis and evaluation methods of ultrasound probe design and the identification of the preferred design characteristics of linear array probe will be of use to develop ergonomic probe designs that can reduce musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders among sonographers.

Ergonomics Evaluation of Manual Lifting Task on Biomechanical Stress in Symmetric Posture

Introduction: Manual lifting operations continue to play a key role in the industrial and service sectors, inflicting physical strain on the musculoskeletal system, despite advances in automation. As a result, an experiment is carried out to assess the impact of two lifting task parameters; weight and height, based on the estimation of subjective responses and biomechanical loading, while lifting the weight symmetrically in the sagittal plane. Also to recommend the safe limit for manual lifting tasks. Methods: Twelve volunteer male students in the age group of 21 to 26 years performed lifting tasks from floor to 5 different heights (below the knee to ear level), with 5 different weights (10 to 20 kg) using free-style lifting techniques. The load pan with no handle was used for lifting weight, which is typically adopted in the Indian building construction field. The subjective estimate was obtained using workload assessment by body discomfort chart. The biomechanical loading (loading rate) for each lifted weight and height was collected using a force platform. Results: The results showed that heavier weights produced higher stresses than lower weights. The loading rate was found to be almost similar at waist or knee level. The loading rate was observed to be linearly increasing after waist level. The overall workload rating seems to be a good correlate with the mean loading rate to some extent. Conclusion: It is proposed to keep the maximum acceptable lifting weight from floor to knee, up to the ear level is 15 kg, to prevent any musculoskeletal or chronic injury.

Application of Nordic Body Map and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment for Assessing Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A case study in Small and Medium Enterprises

Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs) hold a strategic role in economic activities. Since SMEs contribute in enlivening businesses, it is important to assess the SMEs’ performances. One of the most vital aspects in running SMEs is the workers’ productivity which is very risky of declining performance. This study will assess Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD), one of the workers’ productivity problems. By applying Nordic Body Map (NBM) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), this study aims to assess work-related MSD in a SME. The NBM questionnaire was used to explore the prevalence of MSD and ergonomic risk factors perceived by the operator. Meanwhile RULA analysis was conducted to know the operator's work position score. The RULA assessment resulted 7 in initial scoreof employee's position. This scoreindicated that it immediately required an investigation, further implementation, and changes. From this result, it is necessary to improve a better working position by using a work desk and chair. After the improvement, the RULA score dropped to 3, a good number. The change of operator’s body posture proved that RULA is very important to be further assessed. By doing so, it can be used to offer advice based on ergonomic risk evaluation and expected to increase productivity in SMEs.

Ergonomics evaluation of lawn mower operator's working posture using JACK software and kinect interface.

Nowadays, real-time motion tracking devices are widely used for ergonomic assessment of several manual quotidian activities. The real-time tracking of human activities makes it easier to observe the exposure of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in the human body. This study aims to determine the suitability of a real-time motion tracking device (Kinect v1 interfaced with a commercial ergonomic assessment software, JACK) for real-time ergonomic evaluation of the strenuous operation of the manual lawn mower. The lawn mower operators perform various strenuous activities while operating the manual lawn mower for long intervals of time, which causes WMSDs in the entire body of the operators. These working operators' activities have been captured using Kinect v1 interfaced with JACK, to address the ergonomic issues responsible for the whole-body WMSDs. The forces acting on the lower back, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment score and static strength have been predicted using JACK. This study proves the exposure of the operators towards the whole-body WMSDs while operating the manual lawn mower. The findings provide a quick and straightforward approach for performing the real-time ergonomic evaluation of any operation, which can help the industrial staff estimate the risk of level WMSDs.