Evaluation Of Development Programs Research Articles

Strengthening science education in basic education through a professional development program on participatory action research for science teachers

Science education empowers individuals with critical thinking and problem-solving skills as well as creativity which drive sustainable development, social progress, and economic growth. Unfortunately, the basic education science curriculum does not seem to prepare students to become scientifically literate for a number of reasons. Toward this vein, this calls for science teachers to be creative being at the forefront of implementing science education curriculum successfully. One mechanism to draw out their creativity is to mentor and engage them in participatory action research. Hence, a four-year professional development program for science teachers aimed at designing, implementing, and publishing participatory action research project was introduced to them by specialists from a higher education institution as their community extension project. The program consisted of mentoring on action research problem conceptualization until publication of teachers' project, continuous monitoring, and feedbacking to support their progress. Guskeys' (2000) five level evaluation model for professional development program effectiveness serves as the guiding framework for evaluation. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered from the participating science teachers of the school. It started with conducting an initial assessment of their action research skills as basis of the proposed professional development program on participatory action research. At the end of the program, the teachers disseminated their project in a reputable science education journal. The four-year professional development program resulted to a robust impact in all five levels of Guskey's evaluation model, namely: teachers' reactions, teachers' learning, organization support and change, teachers' use of new knowledge and skills, and student learning outcomes. The success of this program highlights the importance of sustained, collaborative, and research-oriented professional development program in form of action research mentoring. Moreover, the outcomes of the study suggest the need for a professional development program evaluation framework that will facilitate the evaluation of the program effectiveness.

MENJADI GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK YANG BERDAYA SAING: MEMBANGUN KOMPETENSI PAEDAGOGIS DAN KEAGAMAAN

The background to this research highlights the important role of Catholic Religious Education in shaping the character and morals of the younger generation. However, Catholic Religious Education teachers are faced with big challenges in developing their competencies, both in terms of teaching ability and understanding of religion. Lack of development in these two aspects can hamper the effectiveness of the religious learning process in schools. Therefore, this research aims to identify and develop the pedagogical and religious competencies of Catholic Religious Education teachers, as well as formulate effective strategies and methods to improve the quality of Catholic religious teaching. The research method used is literature study, which aims to provide a strong theoretical foundation and practical solutions for improving the quality of Catholic religious education. In the conclusion, the importance of developing teacher competencies is highlighted, with strategies that include the development of sustainable training programs and teaching methods that involve a holistic approach to the development of both competencies simultaneously. Evaluation of competency development programs is also considered important to measure their impact in improving the quality of Catholic religious teaching.

Optimizing participatory communication in integrated village development

<p>This research explores the role of communication in the Golden Village Movement in Lampung Province, focusing on Pasuruan Village, South Lampung. Using a qualitative and case study approach, this research analyzes the implementation of communication in the Golden Village Movement and the factors that influence its success. Through interviews, observations, and document analysis, this research reveals the importance of participatory communication in village development, as well as its impact on community participation. The results show that effective communication enables active community participation in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of development programs, such as Smart Village. Participatory communication is proven to increase the sense of belonging in the community and strengthen the relationship between the government and the community. The implications of these findings emphasize that in the absence<br />of inclusive and open communication, development programs are likely to experience obstacles in their implementation. Therefore, participatory communication is key to the success of the Golden Village Movement, creating harmonious relationships between government and communities and promoting inclusive, sustainable development that effectively responds to local needs.</p>

‘COMPLEXITY-AWARE’ MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS — ANCHORING THEM IN COMPLEXITY SCIENCE

As governments and multilateral institutions launch projects and programs to support climate change mitigation and adaptation, the challenge lies in determining their effectiveness. The high complexity of climate-change programs often makes it difficult to determine their effectiveness through standard monitoring and evaluation procedures. ‘complexity-aware monitoring’ is a qualitative approach to monitoring, recently introduced by international development programs. This increasing awareness of complexity in the evaluation sector opens up a window of opportunity for complexity science to support climate change mitigation and adaptation programs. This paper’s contribution is a hands-on methodology for live monitoring and evaluation of development programs. The methodology is rooted in existing literature on social–ecological systems, as pioneered by Ostrom, and in quantitative methods from complexity science. To illustrate the methodology, an existing climate mitigation project in Madagascar, funded, monitored and evaluated by the Green Climate Fund, is discussed.

Leadership development programmes in healthcare research: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-aggregation

BackgroundAcademic institutions benefit from researchers adopting leadership positions and, subsequently, leadership development programmes are of increasing importance. Despite this, no evaluation of the evidence basis for leadership development programmes for...

FEA of Bajaj Discover 100 cc Connecting Rod for Aluminum Material

The connecting rod is a vital component of internal combustion engines, responsible for converting the piston's linear motion into rotational motion. Its design involves careful consideration of material selection, geometry, and load distribution to ensure it can withstand the dynamic forces and stresses encountered during engine operation. Finite element analysis plays a crucial role in evaluating the structural performance of the connecting rod, allowing engineers to optimize its design for maximum efficiency and reliability. By understanding the complexities of connecting rod design and the forces acting upon it, engineers can develop robust and high-performing engines that meet the demands of modern automotive applications. The paper describes a case study that was crucial to the engine development program's evaluation of the connecting rod's strength and fatigue analysis for Bajaj Discover 100 cc engine. The basic model was prepared using appropriate modeling software and then it was analyzed in Ansys for strength and fatigue analysis. The compressive and tensile loading was applied on the both ends of the connecting rod and the results were found. The location of the maximum stress was found.

Male nurses' adaptation experiences after turnover to community institutions in Korea: A grounded theory methodology.

We aimed to develop a substantive theory according to the associations between adaptation experience-related factors identified in male nurses after turnover to community institutions. From April through August 2019, data were collected through direct observations and in-depth interviews of 22 male nurse participants who were recruited purposively and analyzed simultaneously with the method proposed by Strauss and Corbin. Furthermore, 29 subcategories were derived from 11 categories, including: (1) leaving the clinical sector and changing jobs, (2) shaking while settling, (3) characteristics of the new job, (4) personal disposition, (5) support system, (6) finding my place, (7) solidifying my place, (8) demonstrating my professional competence, (9) stable settlement in my place, (10) preparing for a better future, and (11) still confused. The core category was identified as "putting down roots in another place for myself." The verification of this theory in this study's results indicates a need for research into the evaluation and development of professional development programs and related policies to provide support to male nurses who are pursuing opportunities in community institutions to maintain their nursing identity and further their efforts for developing a nursing specialty.

Development and Evaluation of Leadership Training and Development Programs in Uganda

Abstract
 Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the development and evaluation of leadership training and development programs.
 Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
 Findings: Leadership training programs in Uganda should be tailored to local needs, emphasizing experiential learning and ongoing support. Evaluations should consider both short-term outcomes and long-term impacts on organizational performance. Collaboration between stakeholders can improve program effectiveness.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Transformational leadership theory, adult learning theory & kirkpatrick's model of training evaluation may be used to anchor future studies on the development and evaluation of leadership training and development programs. Design training programs that emphasize experiential learning through simulations, case studies, and real-world projects. Advocate for organizational policies that prioritize investment in leadership development programs.

Spirituality as a key asset in promoting positive youth development: Advances in research and practice

Spirituality is a universal human experience. Within the process of development, the role of spirituality as a developmental asset is understudied in general and especially within majority world contexts. In this article, we frame advances in spirituality research and practice with youth around three pillars: (a) theory, (b) measurement, and (c) research about and evaluations of positive youth development (PYD) programs in low- and middle-income countries. We place PYD programs as associated with dynamic, relational developmental systems (RDS)-based models of human development, describe spirituality and the “Big Three” features of effective PYD programs as aligning to promote thriving, and discuss spirituality as a strength, as a key asset, in the lives of youth. We discuss advances in developmental methods and measures for describing, explaining, and promoting spirituality and PYD and offer a case study that responds to a United States Agency for International Development call for action and evaluations of spirituality within the context of a PYD program in the majority world. Considerations for future research about spirituality and youth development are discussed.

Shared Space: promoting teachers’ academic understanding of inter-religious dialogue through a teacher fellowship model for religious education (RE)

We report on the design of a close-to-practice research project situated in Southwest England exploring the relationship between developing teachers’ ‘powerful knowledge’ of inter-religious dialogue in religious education (RE) through a teacher fellowship model for RE specialists, including a specialist curriculum development programme and co-constructed evaluation of an intervention seeking to promote ‘warmer’ community relations. This current phase of the ‘Shared Space’ project combines insight from two existing subject-specific knowledge exchange projects—undertaken by us—with a Teacher Fellowship approach to pedagogical and curriculum knowledge development pioneered by the Historical Association, and an emerging one, ‘After RE’. The current Shared Space project addresses two established concerns in RE that are not normally connected: (1) the lack of rigorous subject knowledge held by RE teachers in England; (2) the assumption that good RE in schools can promote community relations, a widely accepted assumption hitherto without much evidence to support it. Here we set out a justification for the project and the form it will take, based on established Shared Space principles of how best to support in-service teachers’ ongoing professional development through knowledge exchange with academics, mindful of equal power relations. While appreciating aspects of the notion of ‘powerful knowledge’ on which ‘theory-rich’ Teacher Fellowships have been based, we cite thinking from the emerging After RE project to suggest a modified theoretical framework for our investigation which will innovate methodologically when evaluating its impact in partnership with teacher participants.

A graphical method for causal program attribution in theory-based evaluation

We describe a simple yet rigorous graphical method for eliminating bias in theory-based program evaluation. The method is an application to social and international development program evaluation of the graphical causal models used to test medical treatments. We implement a graphical causal model for the World Bank’s well-known Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Project. We show how to construct the graphical causal model to represent program theory in context in explicitly causal terms. We then show how to visually inspect the graphical causal model to distinguish causal from non-causal associations between variables in evaluation data. Finally, we show how to select a set of adjustment variables to neutralize non-causal associations, eliminating bias in all forms of causal inference—qualitative and quantitative, linear and non-linear.

Exploring the Impact of Rural Development Programs on Poverty Reduction in Chinese Counties: A Panel Data Analysis

In the backdrop of Chinas monumental challenge in poverty eradication, this study provides a critical evaluation of the rural development programs, particularly the targeted poverty reduction policy of 2013 which aimed at specialized interventions for 832 national poverty-stricken counties. Utilizing the Difference-in-Differences (DiD) methodology, the paper analyzes panel data from the China Statistical Yearbook (Township) between 2010 to 2019, contrasting the advancements in these designated counties against those not specifically targeted. Our findings reveal that, while the 2013 policy has made positive strides in enhancing the disposable incomes of residents in these counties, disparities persist. City-specific determinants emerged as key influencers, necessitating a tailored approach to future poverty alleviation strategies. The research underlines the success of Chinas poverty reduction efforts, whilst stressing the need for sustained, adaptive, and region-specific initiatives for more holistic and comprehensive poverty eradication in the future. Policymakers are thus advised to engage in continual policy introspection and refinement, acknowledging the intricate challenges and diversities within the nation.

A Model Curriculum For New Faculty Coaches in Undergraduate Medical Education.

Coaching is an interactive process of performance improvement accomplished by fostering a coachee's ability to critically self-evaluate, create goals, and develop a plan for action. It is being increasingly used in medical education, both at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The American Medical Association (AMA) recommends robust faculty development for any coaching program. Our institution created a mandatory coaching program for students starting in August 2022 with 22 faculty coaches. We used Kern's 6-step model for curriculum development to create our institution's faculty development for coaches. This manuscript describes the process of development, implementation, and early program evaluation for the curriculum for faculty coaches for the first 4 months of our mandatory coaching program. The objectives and teaching strategies are outlined. Our program evaluation consisted of immediate and follow-up surveys of faculty attendees. Content in the faculty development program describing the medical student curriculum, assessment, and student resources improved faculty perceived knowledge and confidence. Specific training in coaching skills, including a simulation using standardized students was used and found to be essential. We offer lessons learned from our coaches regarding timing and content for any faculty development curriculum for new coaches. Considerations for future faculty development curricula for academic coaching programs include timing of the faculty development, content consideration after three coaching sessions, and potential content additions and deletions. The curriculum outlined can be taken and immediately adapted for any school of medicine embarking on a coaching program for students.

The Influence of Design and Evaluation of Career Development Programs on Employee Satisfaction at Tourism Education Institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan

This research examines the level of satisfaction and career development of employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan. The population in this study were all employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan. Quantitative research as a research procedure process produces data in the form of various numbers and can generally be analyzed using descriptive or inferential statistics. Several of these variables were then translated into several indicators which became the basis for statements in the questionnaire which were later distributed and answered by 32 research respondents. Based on the t-test analysis, it can be seen that the calculated t-value is 4.029, while the t-table is 1.69, thus there is a partial and significant positive influence between the career development program design on the job satisfaction of employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan. Evaluation of career development programs has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan. Data analysis shows that the t-count value is 3.734, while the t-table is 1.69, thus there is a partial and significant positive influence between the evaluation of career development programs on job satisfaction of employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan. Career development programs and evaluation of career development programs have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan. The results of the F test show that the Fcount value is 13.787, while the Ftable is 3.33, thus there is a simultaneous influence between the design of the career development program and the evaluation of the career development program on the job satisfaction of employees of tourism education institutions at SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan.

معوقات التنمية المهنية المستدامة لدى مدرسي علم الاحياء في المرحلة الثانوية

The aim of the current research is to identify obstacles to sustainable professional development for teachers of biology at the secondary level. The research was limited to biology teachers at the secondary level who are affiliated with the General Directorate of Al-Qadisiyah Education, and for the academic year 2022-2023. The descriptive research method was adopted, and the size of the research sample was (450) teachers of biology at the secondary level, they were chosen at random. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher prepared a scale of obstacles to sustainable professional development, which in its final form consisted of (28) items. The validity and constancy of the scale were verified, as the apparent validity of the scale and its logical validity were verified, and the construction validity of the scale was verified through indicators of the discriminatory strength of the scale’s items, and the internal consistency of the scale, which was verified by revealing the relationship between the degree of the items and the total degree of the scale, and the relationship between the degree of the items with the degree of the field to which it belongs, and the relationship between the degree of the field and the total degree of the scale. The constancy of the scale was also extracted by the half-segmentation method, as well as according to the Alpha-Cronbach equation. The data was statistically analyzed and processed, and the t-test was used for one sample. The results showed that all the obstacles to sustainable professional development among biology teachers in the secondary level that were identified in the current research tool are real obstacles, as their relative weights ranged between (50% - 79%), which are high percentages, and the most prominent of these obstacles were for science teachers. The issues at the secondary level are: (the content of sustainable professional development programs does not meet their actual cognitive and professional needs), (they are not involved in determining their needs for the types of sustainable professional development programs), and (the implemented professional development programs are short-term, intermittent, and unsustainable). In light of the results, the researcher recommended the necessity of forming specialized committees of education experts to examine all the obstacles to sustainable professional development among biology teachers at the secondary level, which were identified in the current study and work to address them, and work on a continuous and comprehensive evaluation of all sustainable development programs that have been implemented and will be implemented. As well as following up on the application of what teachers have learned from these programs in the classroom. She also suggested conducting studies similar to the current research in other topics such as chemistry and physics. Keywords: Sustainable professional development, obstacles to sustainable professional development, sustainable professional development programs, biology teachers

Team Building and Sustainability of Lubricant Firms in Anambra State

In the dynamic landscape of the global economy, traditional hierarchical organizational structures are facing challenges in maintaining competitiveness, adaptability, and sustainability. This study delves into the crucial role of team building in nurturing sustainability, productivity, and cohesive relationships among employees, particularly within fiercely competitive industries like the lubricant sector in Anambra State, Nigeria. The research explored the historical roots of team building, tracing its origins to the industrial revolution, and highlights its contemporary relevance in the context of modern organizations. Despite the acknowledged importance of team building, this study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of its specific impacts on employee relations, creativity, and performance within the Anambra lubricant sector. By examining empirical data and case studies, the paper aimed to shed light on how effective team building strategies can be implemented to achieve sustainable productivity in such highly competitive industries. The objectives include investigating the effects of team trust and team training on the environmental sustainability of lubricant firms in Anambra State. The study's findings revealed that team trust and team training significantly enhance the environmental sustainability of lubricant companies. These results emphasize the critical role of team building practices in improving sustainability and performance within the sector. The recommendations put forth include promoting impactful interactions among team members to foster trust, support, and understanding, as well as continuous evaluation of coaching-based training and development programs to enhance employee learning outcomes. This research contributes valuable insights to organizations seeking to optimize resources and achieve sustainable growth in competitive industries Keywords: Team building, Sustainability, Lubricant firms, Organizational performance, Employee relations, Productivity, Team trust, Team training

Evaluation of teachers' training and development programmes in secondary schools: Administrators' and teachers' perceptions

Purpose: This study evaluates staff Training and Development Programmes (TDPs) in secondary schools based on the views of administrators and teachers. The research was implemented in public secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The study adopted the survey research design with 5408 participants (administrators = 542; teachers = 4595). Four research questions guided the study. The Staff Training and Development Programmes Questionnaire (STDPQ) was used for data collection. Findings revealed essential areas of staff training and development.
 Findings: Various methods are employed for staff training and development. The results further showed various constraints that impeded staff TDPs in secondary schools.
 Conclusion: Based on the findings, it was concluded that staff in secondary schools have different training and development needs adjudged by both the principals and teachers as crucial for job enhancement. Various staff training and development methods can serve as valuable programmes to improve the current methods adopted.
 Research Limitations and Implications: There are various limitations in this study such as the small scope which may affect the extent to which generalizations can be made. It is suggested that future studies focus on expanding the scope to other regions and nations.
 Practical Implications: Despite the limitations, the study has made some advances to human capital and self-determination theories by providing findings. The findings of this study may direct the attention of curriculum planners, the government and school management to offer training and development opportunities based on the needs of teachers.
 Contribution to Literature: The study has contributed to the literature on staff training and development which can constitute a basis for further research in related areas.

Peculiarities of evaluating the results of implementation of regional development programs in Ukraine

Purpose. To systematize current problems in the field of using modern methods for evaluating the effectiveness of regional development programs in Ukraine and to substantiate the scientific foundations of program evaluation methodologies in accordance with modern principles of program-target planning. Methodology. In the process of work, generally accepted methods of scientific economic research were used, namely, systematic and comparative analysis of scientific literature, practices of development and implementation of spatial development programs in Ukraine and abroad, generalization, methods of logical abstraction and generation of conclusions. Findings. As a result of the conducted research, a problem is established of the lack of a regional development program evaluation system in Ukraine, which reduces the effectiveness of the creation and implementation of such programs. The research lays out the foundations of a scientifically based methodology for monitoring and evaluating regional development programs, which has been tested in economically developed countries and requires further scientific elaboration and introduction into the practice of state regulation of post-war reconstruction and socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine. Originality. The scientific and practical prerequisites and the current state of the problem of forming a modern system for assessing the effectiveness of regional development programs in Ukraine are revealed. The concept of the theory and methodology of forming a modern evaluation mechanism of post-war reconstruction and development programs of Ukraine’s regions is put forward, theoretically justified and confirmed by the practice of regional management in economically developed countries. Practical value. The introduction of the proposed methodology for the development and implementation of regional development programs will ensure compliance of the practice of regional management in Ukraine with EU standards, which will contribute to European integration processes; will increase the capabilities of state authorities and local governments to attract funds for post-war reconstruction programs and further development of Ukraine’s regions; will ensure transparency of the use of funds in the process of program implementation and reduce the level of corruption risks; will increase the efficiency of program implementation in general.

Pendampingan Strategi Pemasaran Pada Young Entrepreneurs Start-Up Di Gresik Pada Era New Normal

The New Normal era provides a great opportunity for companies to increase their turnover, but under different conditions the company faces marketing constraints (Ahmad, A.and, Nurhidaya, 2020). Facing the New Normal era, new economic drivers are needed, namely MSMEs and entrepreneurs, or what is now widely known as start-up. Entrepreneurship needs to be encouraged to increase national economic growth. This is because this sector is able to absorb as much as 97 percent of the total national workforce. In addition, the New Normal Era is a new challenge for MSMEs, including Young Entrepreneurs Start-up. They have become MSMEs which are now starting to be taken into account and dominated by Millennials, including in Gresik. This service aims to provide marketing strategy assistance using e-marketing by utilizing the currently trending TikTok Shop. The method used is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), namely approaches and techniques for involving the community in thought processes that take place during planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation of community development programs. At the time of implementation, the activity was followed by 12 Young Entrepreneurs Start-up in Gresik. E-marketing assistance activities use the "TikTok Shop" application which is currently a trending social media among millennials through Google Playstore via Playstore with the search key "TikTok". As a result of the implementation of this service, there was an increase in the ability of Young Entrepreneurs Start-up to utilize social media TikTok for e-marketing as well as in terms of business development and product promotion at low cost and affordable and up to date.

Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries and Its Association with Feeding Habits among 3–5 Year Old Preschool Children: A Cross-sectional Study in Chennai City, India

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a form of dental caries affecting infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Aim: The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ECC and its association with feeding habits among the preschool children aged 3–5 year old in Chennai city. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 342 randomly selected mother-child dyads in Chennai city. The mothers were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire comprising of their demographic data and child’s feeding habits. The presence of decay was assessed by a single trained examiner using the criteria described by the World Health Organization (2013). Data obtained were analyzed using Chi-square test. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The overall ECC experience among the study subjects was 53.8%. Among the children who started bottle feeding at the age of 1–2 years, 72.9% belonged to the high caries group. The practice of nocturnal bottle feeding was observed in 39.6% children in the high caries group. Moreover, 56.2% in the high caries group were fed cow’s milk. ECC was higher among children who consumed snacks 1–3 times a day. Conclusion: Duration and frequency of bottle feeding, nocturnal feeding practice, feeding with cow’s milk, and frequent consumption of snacks, were significantly associated with ECC experience among the children. Data obtained may serve as a baseline for planning and evaluation of community development and oral health promotion programs.