Design Of Evaluation Model Research Articles

Integration of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly using a simulation approach

PurposeIn the real world many companies combine the operations of manufacturing, assembly and disassembly. Thus, the integration of just‐in‐time FMS, FAS, and flexible disassembly system (DAS) models poses an interesting problem. The purpose of this paper is to provide major emphasis on a new simulation model for design and performance evaluation of a flexible assembly and disassembly system with dual Kanban under a stochastic system. This paper also primarily investigates the effect of varying the number of kanban cards, mean inter‐arrival time of demand and locations of the bottlenecks on the performance integration of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly systems.Design/methodology/approachSimulation is carried out in ARENA and data is analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). This paper investigates the effect of varying number of kanban cards, mean inter‐arrival time of demand, and locations of the bottlenecks on the performance integration of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly systems. The performance measures that are simultaneously considered are the fill rate, work in process, and mean cycle time. This paper emphasizes that understanding the interactions between the variables and their effects on system performance is of utmost importance for managers in improving performance processes.FindingsIn manufacturing practice, there are many industrial units that represent the mixture of the referred three models. This paper presents a new simulation model for design and performance evaluation of a flexible assembly and disassembly system with dual kanban. The simulation results are statistically compared with MANOVA. MANOVA is used to perform the test with multiple objective functions, e.g. with the average production cycle time, percentage average fill rate, and work‐in‐process. The conclusion to be drawn is that minimized WIP can be obtained by higher percentage average fill rate, lower WIP, small average part cycles times, and increasing in kanban cards while simultaneously retaining full customer satisfaction.Originality/valueThe researcher presents the newly developed kanban system into the production system of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly system with simulation technique. Furthermore, by assigning time factors to the models, several performance measures can be easily computed. Then, the researcher tests the effect of the number of kanban card on integration of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly systems using a simulation approach, the simulation model is developed using the ARENA simulation package. The results are applied to a small case study. For a single product under the integration of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly systems, as the number of kanban cards increase, the fill rate along with work in process and the mean cycle time increases as well.

An Evaluation Model of Highway Alignment Design Based on Game Theory

In order to ensure quality of highway alignment design, and reasonably evaluate the design proposal, the main factors which affect the highway alignment design, including horizontal alignment design, vertical section design and combination of horizontal and vertical design, are analyzed. Based on these key factors, a system of evaluation based on game theory is constructed and the evaluation index is normalized from both qualitative and quantitative view. So an evaluation model of highway alignment design is established. Under the situation of highway alignment designs, the model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are applied to determine the most suitable alignment design for that city. The best choice, design 3rd, is identical, but the sort of design 2nd and design 4th is not consistent with each other for the reason of large deviation of weight of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Because the evaluation model based on game theory can better determine the optimal weight, the evaluation is more reliable and it meets the practice. The results show that the model is effective and reliable.

Comprehensive Assessment of Assembling-Possibility of Products Based on Extensive Theory

It is important to assembling-possibility of products for the DFA (Design For Assembling). Asembling factors is analyzed, and a matter-element model is deduced, the evaluation model of products design for assembling is established according to the extensive theory and superiority evaluating method, and the process of this method is discussed in detail. The example confirmed that the evaluating method is advanced and practicality. The present analysis is qualitative combining.

The Large Scale System of Multiple Criteria Decision Making; Pre-***processing

Large-scale engineering optimization, including large amounts of variables and objectives requires significant computing power and efficient algorithms. Multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) is a modeling tool for dealing with such complex engineering problems. One approach of MCDM for dealing with complex design evaluation models is to develop meta-models to replace the large scale design space. However there is a lack of research in the large-scale design optimization area applying MCDM to address further approximation using meta-models. Increasing the number of input variables is one of the sources of complexity. In this situation mining the MCDM data as a preprocessing stage could make a huge difference in terms of reducing the number of input variables and minimizing the design space. This paper aims to introduce the classification task of data mining as an effective option for identifying the most effective variables of the MCDM systems. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method an example has been given.

Estruturas de concreto reforçadas com PRFC Parte I: análise dos modelos de flexão

Este trabalho, apresentado em duas partes, trata da avaliação dos modelos de projeto de estruturas de concreto armado reforçadas com Polímeros Reforçados com Fibras de Carbono (PRFC). Nesta primeira parte são avaliados modelos de flexão originados das recomendações ACI-440 e fib-14, assim como outros modelos mais recentes, disponíveis na literatura. Esses critérios foram aplicados a um total de vinte e cinco vigas reforçadas à flexão, ensaiadas pelos autores, das quais dezesseis com seção retangular e nove com seção "T". Foram aplicados diferentes tipos de compósitos de fibras de carbono (tecidos e laminados), de diferentes fabricantes, encontrados no mercado brasileiro. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma boa proximidade entre as cargas de ruptura calculadas de acordo com as recomendações ACI-440 para reforços à flexão e os valores observados nos ensaios.

Product design evaluation model of child car seat using gray relational analysis

This paper attempts to explore a design evaluation system dealing with the ergonomic comfort problems for the child car seat designers. The new product design evaluation (abbreviated as PDE) model is developed through two stages. The first stage is to perform an ergonomic experiment to find out the relations between the comfort and the interface pressures on the child subjects. The second stage is to construct a PDE model by applying the method of gray relational analysis with programming languages. Final results show that the new PDE model is very effective for the car safety seat designers to solve the complex problems of ergonomic comfort. Therefore, the new model can provide designers a scientific method supporting decisions on the new product design of child car seats. Some suggestions by using this model for the reference of future researchers are also provided.

Design of evaluation model for ERP systems: an empirical study of Indian Industry

In view of the changing business environment, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems have come to signify a never before opportunity for oganizations to gain a clear edge over their competitors. A review of related literature reveals a gap in research pertaining to evaluation model for ERP Systems. Moreover, being cross‐functional & enterprise level, these systems are not only high investment decisions; rather ERP implementation is regarded as a total transformation projects in the organizations. Keeping such a high importance and the gaps in research, the reseachers have undertaken an empirical study in Indian organizations with an objective to design an evaluation model for the ERP systems. Based on the empirical study, an integrated evaluation model has been designed. The thus designed model would provide a general framework which can help organizations evaluating their ERP systems and would go a long way in the successful maintaining and controlling of these systems.

Hybrid model for style design evaluation

Hybrid model for style design evaluation

A fuzzy evaluating approach for load sharing characteristics of EGT based on manufacturing and assembly error characteristics

This paper presents a new method for calculation and quality evaluation of load sharing characteristics of epicyclic gear trains (EGT) on the basis of the systematic design and evaluation method. Based on the statistical properties of the errors that originated by manufacturing errors and assembly variations of EGT, the load sharing characteristics of an EGT system can be represented by some random-fuzzy vector chains. By applying the probabilistic-fuzzy theory to the analysis of the equivalent error of the equal-load link, the load sharing failure event of an EGT is induced as a bilateral fuzzy event. The new design criterion is presented for this key performance. It is described as “design variable must be equal in fuzzy to the corresponding allowable value of itself”. Three combinational associative functions for a bilateral fuzzy event are presented and discussed in detail. So the fuzzy-reliability design&quality evaluation model is established for load sharing of the EGT. Finally, a simple example is discussed to apply the method. The result shows the method is valid for design and evaluation of load sharing characteristics of EGT.

A multigranular hierarchical linguistic model for design evaluation based on safety and cost analysis

Before implementing a design of a large engineering system different design proposals are evaluated. The information used by experts to evaluate different options may be vague and/or incomplete. Although different probabilistic tools and techniques have been used to deal with these kinds of problems, it seems better to use the fuzzy linguistic approach to model vagueness and the Dempster-Shafter theory of evidence for modeling incompleteness and ignorance. In the evaluation of alternative designs, different criteria can be considered. In this article an evaluation process is developed in terms of Safety and Cost analysis. Both criteria involve uncertainty, vagueness, and ignorance due to their nature. Therefore, we propose an evaluation process defined in a linguistic framework where both criteria will be conducted in different utility spaces, i.e., in a multigranular linguistic domain. Once the evaluation framework has been defined, we present an evaluation process based on a Multi-Expert Multi-Criteria decision model that will be able to deal with multigranular linguistic information without loss of information in order to evaluate different design options for an engineering system in a precise manner. Accordingly, we propose the use of a multigranular linguistic model based on the Linguistic Hierarchies presented by Herrera and Martinez (“A model based on linguistic 2-tuples for dealing with multigranularity hierarchical linguistic contexts in multi-expert decision-making.” IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B 2001;31(2):227–234). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 20: 1161–1194, 2005.

Integration of JIT flexible manufacturing, assembly and disassembly system using Petri net approach

This paper presents a new generic Petri net (PN) model for design and performance evaluation of a flexible assembly system (FAS) and disassembly system (DAS) with dual kanban. The architectural design of the model is derived from a generic bill of materials (BOMs) in the FAS, a reverse BOM in the DAS and the process plan in the case of flexible manufacturing system (FMS). Integration of FMS, FAS and DAS by developing a new generic PN model with the pull system is introduced. Analysis and performance evaluation of the new model based on invariant analysis and linear programming are also introduced. The method will be illustrated by a small case study.

Integration of dimensional quality and locator reliability in design and evaluation of multi-station body-in-white assembly processes

Research efforts have been made to develop a Quality and Reliability chain (QR chain) model to integrate manufacturing system component reliability and product quality in multi-station manufacturing processes. Based on a previously developed state space model, which captures the variation propagation throughout all stations, a general QR chain model is developed for Body-In-White (BIW) assembly processes. The effectiveness of the QR chain modeling strategy is demonstrated by thoroughly studying the relationship between locator performance and product quality in assembly processes. Based on the analytical result of system reliability obtained from the QR chain model, optimal locator wear rate assignment is further investigated. A case study is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential usage of the QR chain model for the BIW assembly system design evaluation and optimization.

An Integrated Decision Making Model for Evaluation of Concept Design

The Conceptual design phase generates various design concepts and these are then evaluated in order to identify the 'Best’ concept. Identifying the Best concept is important because much of the product life cycle cost is decided in this phase. Various evaluation techniques are performed so as to aid decision-making. Different criteria are weighted against concepts for the comparison. This paper describes the research being carried out at the University of Glasgow on design evaluation. It presents the Application of fuzzy logic for design evaluation and proposes an integrated decision-making model for design evaluation. This is a part of research project that aims at developing a computer tool for evaluation process to aid decision-making.

Estimate design intent: a multiple genetic programming and multivariate analysis based approach

Understanding design intent of designers is important for managing design quality, achieving coherent integration of design solutions, and transferring design knowledge. This paper focuses on automatically estimating design intent, represented as a summation of weighted functions, based on the operational and product-specific information monitored through design processes. This estimated design intent provides a basis for us to identify the evaluation tendency of designers' ways of doing design. To represent and estimate the design intent, we introduced a staged design evaluation model as a general yet powerful model of design decision-making process, and developed a methodology for estimation of design intent (MEDI) as a reasoning method. MEDI is composed of two basic algorithms. One is our newly introduced multiple genetic programming (MGP) and the other is statistical multivariate analysis including principal component analysis and multivariate regression. The characteristics of MEDI are; (1) principal component analysis provides approximate evaluation of how much preferable a specific product model is, assuming the final product model (or design) is the most preferable one; (2) MGP enables us to simultaneously estimate both structure of target performance functions and the approximate values of their weights for a domain of design problems; and (3) multivariate regression readjusts the approximate weights obtained by MGP into more accurate ones for specific design problems within the domain. Our framework and methods have been successfully tested in a case study of designing a double-reduction gear system.

Production Lines Models: Design, Operation and Cost Evaluation

Design, operation and cost evaluation models of production lines are considered. Main attention is paid to models to evaluate the demand, to choose the technological process and equipment, to calculate cutting conditions. An example, which demonstrates using the models is presented.

A performance evaluation model for FMS based on RAM and LCC using FACTOR/AIM

The objective of this study is to develop a general design and performance evaluation model for the system designers in the initial design phase of the integrated manufacturing system based on the RAM(Reliability, Availability and Maintainability) and life cycle cost(LCC). The methodology proposed in this research includes the following three-step generative approach. First, a deterministic approach to find the optimal system configuration for the initial system configuration is considered under the assumption that the system availability is one(no failure and maintenance), and in second step a stochastic simulation model based on RAM and LCC is developed. Using the results of this two-stage simulation, a system performance index(SPI) was developed for the performance evaluation of the system. In the last step we developed a simulation model using FACTOR/AIM to consider a variety of performance factors and compared the results through a sample example.

A drive-level error rate model for component design and system evaluation

A drive-level model for gated peak detection channels in the presence of off-track interference is presented. Input to the model can be digitized readback patterns from testers, disk drives, or recording process simulations. The model predicts bit error rate as a function of amplitude qualification threshold in the form of a threshold error rate (TER) plot. Data patterns are described which increase the likelihood of the three types of errors in gated peak detection disk drives: drop-ins, drop-outs and shifted bits. The importance of designing for drive-level performance, rather than component-level performance is discussed. Examples of using the model to determine design targets for head, media and channel parameters are given for inductive and magnetoresistive applications. The optimum design targets for some key parameters are found to change in the presence of off-track interference.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

A facet ensemble approach for evaluation of array performance in ultrasonic NDE

The use of ultrasonic array systems, in conjunction with a synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) has recognized potential for flaw characterization in nondestructive evaluation (NDE). However, defect type, location, orientation and geometrical constraints imposed by the test specimen can reduce the effectiveness of nonoptimal array systems. To assist with design, a simulation approach for evaluation of array performance for NDE imaging was developed and is described in this paper. In the development of the model, several key factors were identified as being critical in defining the response of a linear ultrasonic transducer array. These include the ultrasonic wavelet generated by each array element, the directivity of the transducers and the interaction of the ultrasonic wave field with the surface which is to be imaged. Following several simplifying assumptions, and employing a linear systems approach, the cumulative response of all these factors was formulated. Thus a low-cost, yet powerful, interactive model for system design evaluation could be implemented. To illustrate the model, a range of simulation results is presented, concerning the imaging of a fatigue crack in a solid medium. The influence of array element spacing and centre frequency is considered, in conjunction with aperture size, defect orientation and surface roughness. In each case, the principal factors governing final image quality are discussed and where possible, recommendations are made concerning array design and imaging strategy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

In This Issue …

The National Core French Study was a four-year curriculum project, sponsored by the Canadian Association of Second Language Teachers, funded by the Secretary of State, and supported through provincial activities undertaken by the ministries of education and school boards across Canada. It resulted in a final report published in September of 1990, which puts forth a multidimensional curriculum model based on a communicative/experiential approach. The implications of this model for professional development, program design and student evaluation are also examined.

693 A DESIGN-EVALUATION MODEL FOR DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES

Diagnostic studies may suffer design deficiencies which obfuscate conclusions. A design-evaluation model was developed and validated to identify common errors. Thirty-five original research publications focusing on diagnostic testing were characterized for ultimate validity by independent editorial assessment. Each publication was evaluated for 31 elements of basic design, test technology, data analysis, and clinical application. Six biometricians ranked model items, of which 6 were considered critically important and the remainder conditionally important. Raw publication scores significantly (p<0.001) correlated with subsequent evidence substantiating or refuting study conclusions. In 25 correct publications, the overall model score mean was 0.79 (SD 0.08), as compared to 0.37 (SD 0.04) in 10 with incorrect conclusions. Fourteen individual model items present in the manuscripts were significantly associated with conclusion validity (p<0.01). The independent editorial assessment emphasized 12 of these individual items. This design-evaluation model can supplement expert assistance or personal experience in planning, conducting, or evaluating diagnostic studies. Journals which establish minimum design criteria might avoid publication of articles with potentially invalid conclusions.