Evaluation Of Antioxidant Activity Research Articles

Synthesis of spherical carbon nanoparticles from orange peel and their surface modification with chitosan: Evaluation of optical properties, biocompatibility, antioxidant and anti-hemolytic activity

Synthesis of spherical carbon nanoparticles from orange peel and their surface modification with chitosan: Evaluation of optical properties, biocompatibility, antioxidant and anti-hemolytic activity

In Vitro Propagation, Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Profiling of Wild and In Vitro-Cultured Plants of Curcuma larsenii Maknoi & Jenjitikul—A Rare Plant Species in Thailand

In Vitro Propagation, Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Profiling of Wild and In Vitro-Cultured Plants of Curcuma larsenii Maknoi & Jenjitikul—A Rare Plant Species in Thailand

Evaluation of antioxidant activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives in the initiation of free radical processes

The activation of lipid free radical oxidation is a key stage in the development of many diseases and can lead to the emergence of related complications. To identify new synthetic compounds with antioxidant properties, it is necessary to conduct studies on various models of experimental free radical oxidation of biomolecules. Literature sources indicate that among the derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole, there is a significant number that possess high antioxidant activity. The aim of the study to assess the antioxidant properties of newly synthesized S-derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species accumulation in the superoxide dismutase system. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, we used one of the methods for assessing antioxidant activity by initiating free radical processes in vitro, specifically by inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Results. Twenty-three S-derivatives of 5-(thiophene-3-ylmethyl)-4-R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols were investigated. The most effective compound was sodium 2-((4-phenyl-5-thiophene-3-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)acetate, which exceeded the activity of both reference drugs. Following in activity was compound 22, 1-phenyl-2-((4-phenyl-5-(thiophene-3-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)ethanol, which demonstrated an effect similar to that of emoxipine, while compound 7, 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-((5-thiophene-3-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)ethanone, was slightly less active. Conclusions. It was established that among the new S-derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole, some exhibit significant antioxidant effects that are comparable to or exceed the efficacy of reference drugs.

A phytochemical content analysis, and antioxidant activity evaluation using a novel method on Melilotus officinalis flower

Conducting content analysis is very important to elucidate and expand the different usage areas of plant components. Today's content analysis methods provide very reliable results. However, the high cost of these methods and the need for trained personnel bring other challenges. Therefore, simple, fast, and low-cost content analysis methods are a great need. In this study, the phenolic content of Melilotus officinalis flower extracts was investigated using LC-MS/MS analysis, and its antioxidant activity was determined with a novel method employing a PVC membrane sensor. In the method, for the first time, the antioxidant activities of M. officinalis flowers were determined in an economical, sensitive, fast, and stable manner using a PVC potentiometric sensor. Sensor measurements were performed using DPPH and FCR molecules, resulting in 25.71 mg.g-1 activity values and 117.524 mg.g-1, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted to investigate the presence of 45 standard phenolic compounds in M. officinalis. The results revealed that coumarin and isoquercitrin were the major phenolic compounds in the M. officinalis flower extract. The findings of LC-MS/MS analyses of the extracts show moderate phenolic content presence in the M. officinalis flower extracts. The total phenolic content determined by LC-MS/MS analysis was consistent with the PVC membrane sensor analysis results. The studies of molecular docking aimed to identify the most effective active sites, and the Moldock scores (-57.13, -105.93) and binding energies (4.5 kcal.mol-1, -7.9 kcal.mol-1) of coumarin and isoquercitrin molecules. The results of molecular docking studies suggest that isoquercitrin exhibits a stronger inhibitory effect on DD-peptidase enzymes compared to coumarin.

Evolution of antioxidant potential during fruit maturation Pancovia laurentii (De Wild.) Gilg ex De (Sapindaceae)

Pancovia laurentii (De Wild.) Gilg ex De (Sapindaceae) is a plant species of the spontaneous flora of Central Africa, which grows easily in the Republic of Congo. It produces very succulent edible fruits. The evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in the pulp and seed of the fruit during its maturation was done by spectrophotometer. The results reveal the increase of total polyphenols, total flavonoids and anthocyanins in the pulp and seed of the fruit during maturation. Flavonoids accumulate more in the seed than in the pulp. At taste maturity, the seed with 400.85 mg EQ/DM is richer in flavonoids than the pulp which has 322.26 mg EQ/DM. Polyphenols and anthocyanins accumulate more in the pulp than in the seed with respectively 432.8 mg EAG/mg DM for polyphenols and 157.50 mg/mL for anthocyanins. The pulp and seed presented a DPPH radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity increases during maturation. It is greater than 50%, particularly in the pulp with 0.25 mg/mL and in the seed with 0.37 μg/mL at taste maturity. These results show the existence of a good linear correlation between the content of total polyphenols, total flavonoids, anthocyanins and the antioxidant power of the pulp and seed of the fruit during maturation. With these contents, the fruit can be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

Extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity evaluation of polysaccharides from Chlorella sp

Extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity evaluation of polysaccharides from Chlorella sp

Validation of ethnopharmacological findings of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa through phytochemical screening and bioactivity assay

For centuries, medicinal plants have been integral to human health and well-being across the world. Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae), a medicinal plant indigenous to Nepal, holds substantial ethnomedicinal use among indigenous communities in South Asian countries. Present study aimed to explore the integration of contemporary scientific analysis of the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of A. marmelos leaf extracts harvested from Nepal with traditional ethnopharmacological knowledge. Leaf extracts of A. marmelos were subjected to phytochemical analysis utilizing mass spectrometry. The extracts underwent in vitro evaluation for antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and toxicity activities. Hexane fraction was found to possess volatile oils, polyphenols, and tannins, while other fractions were found to have alkaloids, terpenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and reducing sugars. Further analysis of the hexane fraction identified 21 compounds with over 90 % accuracy. The main phytoconstituents were 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (24.25 %), hexadecanoic acid (10.89 %), methylcyclohexane (8.39 %), methyl ester (4.26 %), and caryophyllene (4.10 %). The methanol extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Additionally, the methanol extract demonstrated pronounced cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp, with an LC50 value of 50.11 µg/mL. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl assay revealed both methanol and acetone extract to have notable antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 90.63 ± 1.47 µg/mL and 89.93 ± 2.52 µg/mL, respectively. Remarkably, the acetone extract displayed superior antidiabetic activity compared to acarbose, with an IC50 value of 13.50 ± 0.79 µg/mL. Our findings proves A. marmelos leaf extracts to harbor significant bioactive constituents, suggesting their potential as sources of natural compounds for applications in medicine and healthcare.

In-Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Phaleria macrocarpa using Different Extraction Process and Determination of Functional Groups in the Extract by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)

In-Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Phaleria macrocarpa using Different Extraction Process and Determination of Functional Groups in the Extract by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted debittering of Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology, characterization, and evaluation of antioxidant activity.

Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has gained increasing attention as a potential health care product and food source. However, the bitter taste of G. lucidum has limited its development and utilization for the food industry. The response surface methodology was employed to optimize the inclusion conditions for the debittering of G. lucidum. The effects of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration (12-14 g/mL), ultrasound temperature (20-40°C and host-guest ratio (1:1-2:1) on response variables were studied. The physical characteristics of inclusion complexes prepared through spray drying and freeze drying were analyzed. The antioxidant activity of the different treated samples was subsequently investigated. Study results showed that, in comparison to the control group, the inclusion solution displayed a significantly enhanced taste profile under optimal processing conditions, exhibiting an 80.74% reduction in bitterness value. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies indicated the successful formation of inclusion compounds. The moisture content and bulk density of spray-dried powder were found to be significantly superior to those of freeze-dried powder (p<0.05). In comparison to the diluted solution, the inclusion liquid demonstrated a 20.27%, 30.01% and 36.55% increase in ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), hydroxyl radical scavenging and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging respectively. Further, the DPPH clearance of microencapsulated powder was not significantly different from that of tocopherol at a concentration of 25 mg/mL. In summary, the study provides theoretical basis and methodological guidance to eliminate the bitterness of G. lucidum, and therefore provide potential options to the use of G. lucidum as a food source.

Chemical Profiling and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) Leaf By-Products’ Extracts Obtained with Green Extraction Techniques

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of different green extraction techniques (GETs) on targeted bioactive compounds from artichoke leaf by-products using deep eutectic solvent extraction (DESE), supercritical CO2 extraction (SCO2E), subcritical water extraction (SWE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Moreover, (HR) LC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS and HPLC-PDA analyses were used to perform qualitative–quantitative analysis on the extracts, enabling the detection of several bioactive compounds, including luteolin, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-rutinoside, apigenin rutinoside, chlorogenic acid, and cynaropicrin as the most representative ones. SWE showed better results than the other GETs (TPC: 23.39 ± 1.87 mg/g of dry plant, dp) and appeared to be the best choice. Regarding UAE, the highest total phenols content (TPC) was obtained with 50:50% v/v ethanol: water (7.22 ± 0.58 mg/g dp). The DES obtained with choline chloride:levulinic acid showed the highest TPC (9.69 ± 0.87 mg/g dp). Meanwhile, SCO2E was a selective technique for the recovery of cynaropicrin (48.33 ± 2.42 mg/g dp). Furthermore, the study examined the antioxidant activity (1.10–8.82 mmol Fe2+/g dp and 3.37–31.12 mmol TEAC/g dp for DPPH• and FRAP, respectively) and total phenols content via Folin–Ciocalteu’s assay (198.32–1433.32 mg GAE/g dp), of which the highest values were detected in the SWE extracts. The relationship among the GETs, antioxidant assays, and compounds detected was evaluated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA confirmed the strong antioxidant activity of SWE and showed comparable extraction yields for the antioxidant compounds between UAE and DESE. Consequently, GETs selection and extraction parameters optimization can be employed to enrich artichoke leaf by-products’ extracts with targeted bioactive compounds.

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Selected Philippine Fruit Peels and Pulps

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Selected Philippine Fruit Peels and Pulps

Phytochemical Study, Polyphenols Determination and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Satureja calamintha from Morocco

Phytochemical Study, Polyphenols Determination and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Satureja calamintha from Morocco

Evaluation of antioxidant activity and chemical profile of Cudrania tricuspidata tree pruning extract obtained by optimized microwave-assisted extraction

The residue from pruning Cudrania tricuspidata trees is considered a rich source of energy and bioactive compounds. Recovering these compounds from C. tricuspidata tree pruning could help mitigate potential economic and environmental concerns. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of extraction temperature, duration, and liquid-to-residue ratio on the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of C. tricuspidata tree pruning, using the response surface methodology. The results indicated that the microwave-assisted extraction temperature or microwave-assisted extraction time was the most crucial variable in the extraction process (Significance at p-value &lt; 0.001 – 0.05 for antioxidant activity and chemical profile). It is worth mentioning that the optimal extraction conditions for achieving maximum 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation induction activity, total polyphenol content, and total flavonoid content were distinct from one another, necessitating specific optimization for each targeted characteristic. The optimized extraction conditions yielded 85.8% DPPH radical scavenging activity, 95.4% ABTS radical cation induction activity, 2.72 mg/g total polyphenol content, and 2.53 mg/g total flavonoid content. These results highlight the potential of C. tricuspidata as a valuable dietary source of phenolic antioxidants for human health.

Antioxidant activity evaluation of the combination of oregano (Origanum vulgare) and laurel (Laurus nobilis) essential oil as two natural “chain-breaking” antioxidants by direct measurement of sunflower oil oxidation

Antioxidants are commonly used to reduce oxidative damage in lipids, and essential oils offer natural alternatives with antioxidant properties. This research seeks to determine the antioxidant efficiency of the combination of laurel (laurus nobilis) and oregano (origanum vulgare) essential oils exhibiting a chain-breaking mechanism. To this end, an accelerated oxidation of sunflower vegetable oil was carried out at 60 °C for 28 days, in combination with concentrations of 0.05% w/w (1) and 0.02% w/w (2) of the essential oils. BHT at 0.02% w/w was used as a reference antioxidant. The chemical indicators of oxidation (dienes conjugated, peroxides, anisidine and TOTOX values) and volatiles (2-heptenal Z, 2,4-Decadienal EZ and EE) were determined. While no substantial differences were found between the studied concentrations of the essential oils, a decrease in the protective effect was observed when the concentration of laurel was increased. Interestingly, the antioxidant effect of both oregano and laurel essential oils was observed to be similar to that of BHT. The results suggest that the combination of these essential oils with chain-breaking antioxidant mechanisms might be used as an antioxidant in food.

Phytochemical investigation and spectral characterization of isolated compounds from Pyracantha crenulata (D. Don) M. Roem (syn. Crataegus crenulata Roxb) leaves: evaluation of antioxidant activity and molecular docking analysis

Pyracantha crenulata (D. Don) M. Roem (syn. Crataegus crenulata Roxb.) is an evergreen shrub in the Rosaceae family, notable for its chemical diversity and biological potential. This study isolates and characterises six compounds (Cc-1 to Cc-6), including four new ones, using repeated column chromatography. Structural elucidation employed IR, UV-vis, 1H and 13 C NMR, and mass spectrometry. The DPPH assay was used to test the antioxidant activity in vitro. Compounds Cc-4, Cc-2, Cc-1, and Cc-5 had IC50 values of 15.734 μg/ml, 51.422 μg/ml, 62.864 μg/ml, and 71.622 μg/ml, in that order. Quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed flavonoid content (22.81 mg/g), tannin content (385.15 mg/g), and total phenolic content (128.78 mg/g). Human cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) (PDB ID: 1hck) docked with compound Cc-4, which demonstrated strong antioxidant activity and revealed significant non-bonding interactions. The pkCSM and SwissADME analyses suggested promising drug-like properties for Cc-4, supported by BOILED-Egg diagrams highlighting its therapeutic potential.

Evaluation of Synergistic Antioxidant Activity of Psidium Guajava and Raw Honey- An Invitro study

Evaluation of Synergistic Antioxidant Activity of Psidium Guajava and Raw Honey- An Invitro study

Heteroleptic complexes of hydrazone Scaffold of picolinoyl N- oxide and 2,4 dihydroxy phenyl moieties; evaluation of antioxidant activity, DNA and protein binding properties and in vitro antiproliferation studies

The present study deals with design and synthesis of new mononuclear Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) metal complexes of hydrazone of 2-(2-(2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbonyl)pyridine-1-oxide (H2L), in a view to study their potential relevance for the biological applications. Structural aspects of the title compound (H2L) and metal complexes synthesized were evaluated by spectral and analytical methods viz. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LC-MS, FT-IR, UV–Visible, SEM, EDX, Powder XRD, ESR, TGA and DTA. Ligational properties of H2L were explored by employing pH metric equilibrium studies for recognizing metal ion binding potential donor sites, and further HyperChem 7.5 software for computing properties of frontier molecular orbitals to ascertain orientation of highest occupied molecular orbitals from which presumably electrons are donated to metal ion in complex formation. The affinity of all title compounds to bind with CT-DNA and the type of interaction, therein have been studied by conducting UV–VIS absorption and fluorescence emission titrations. The protein-binding ability of all metal complexes with two serum proteins (BSA and HSA) were explored by absorption titrations, and further fluorescence titrations for BSA binding were also performed. Antioxidant activity of the title compounds was carried out by the method of free radical scavenging using spectrophotometric technique. Additionally, cytotoxicity of all metal complexes and ligand was measured by CTG cell proliferation assay after treating them with MDA-MB-231 and SKOV-3 cell lines. The cell cycle arrest and apoptosis assay in above cell lines after treatment with title compounds were also investigated by flow cytometry. In addition, molecular docking studies at target CDK2 protein inferred binding affinity of the title compounds through non covalent bonding interactions.

Investigating the antioxidant and anticancer potential of Daucus spp. extracts against human prostate cancer cell line C4-2, and lung cancer cell line A549

The study evaluated 297 carrot germplasm lines, focusing on 52 cultivars to explore their therapeutic potential and address challenges related to the accessibility and affordability of nutraceuticals and health promoting foods. The investigation explores the application of DNA barcoding using the ITS region for precise species identification, highlighting genetic diversity among the examined cultivars. Through ITS sequence-based analysis and phylogenetic examination, six diverse Daucus spp. genotypes were differentiated and classified into distinct groups, indicating the presence of vast genetic variation. Evaluation of antioxidant activities using the DPPH radical scavenging assay revealed varying degrees of scavenging ability among genotypes with SKAU-C-15, SKAU-C-17, and SKAU-C-16 exhibiting the highest activity, suggesting their potential for antioxidant-rich products. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) bioautography confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds in carrot extracts responsible for their antioxidant properties. In cell culture studies, specific carrot genotype extracts demonstrated potential anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects on recurrent prostate cancer cell line - C4-2 (SKAU-C-30, SKAU-C-10, and SKAU-C-42) and non-small cell lung cancer cell line - A549 (SKAU-C-18 and SKAU-C-11) cancer cells, as indicated by MTT assay, wound healing assay, and Colony Forming Unit assay. These findings suggest the promising therapeutic potential of carrot genotypes for developing anti-cancer functional foods, nutraceuticals and health supplements.Therefore, the study contributes to the nutrition security, paving the way for advancements in functional foods and health applications, particularly in cancer treatment and prevention.

Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activity in kombucha fermented tea

Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activity in kombucha fermented tea

Comparative Evaluation of Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activity in Fruiting Bodies and Mycelia of Volvariella volvacea and Pleurotus sajor-caju Extracts.

Mushrooms, recognized for their rich medicinal and nutritional content, have garnered significant interest due to their potent antioxidant properties. This study investigates the fruiting bodies and mycelia of straw mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea) and grey oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus sajor-caju). The mushrooms were extracted using distilled water at ratios of 1:25, 1:30, and 1:35 g/mL by soaking in a temperature-regulated shaking bath set at 50°C. The aqueous extracts were analyzed for their bioactive components, including polysaccharides, proteins, GABA, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC), along with their antioxidant capacities using DPPH and ABTS assays. The results indicated that the straw mushroom exhibited higher levels of polysaccharides, GABA, TPC, and TFC compared to the grey oyster mushroom, which contained higher protein levels. Specifically, the fruiting bodies extract of the straw mushroom demonstrated the highest levels of polysaccharides (416.94 mg/g extract), GABA (12.86 mg/g extract), TPC (33.27 mg GAE/g extract), and TFC (9.39 mg CE/g extract). Furthermore, the fruiting bodies extract showed a greater capacity to scavenge free radicals than the mycelia extract of both straw mushroom and grey oyster mushroom, with DPPH assay values of 0.65 and 0.47 mg TE/g extract and ABTS assay values of 2.26 and 1.74 mg TE/g extract, respectively. These results suggest that the fruiting bodies possess higher free radical scavenging potential as an outcome of their high levels of bioactive compounds. Consequently, these extracts indicate promise as natural antioxidative agents and could be effectively utilized as ingredients in the culinary industry.