Evaluation Chart Research Articles

Investigation of Bilingual 7th Grade Students’ Narrative Writings in Terms of the Elements of Coherence and Cohesion

In the current study, the narratives of bilingual middle school 7th grade students who acquired Turkish as a second language were examined in terms of the elements of coherence and cohesion, which are among the criteria of textuality. The study group of the current research is comprised of 20 bilingual 7th grade students attending a middle school in the Mazıdağı district of the city of Mardin in the spring term of the 2020-2021 school year. All the students in the study group are bilingual students who first acquired Kurdish and then Turkish at school or in the social environment. The study is descriptive in nature and was carried out using the survey method. In addition, a document analysis was performed on the narrative writings obtained from the students in the study. The data obtained from the study were analyzed with the measurement tools of the “Coherence Level Evaluation Chart” and the “Cohesion Level Rubric”. In the study, the bilingual 7th grade students were asked to create another story based on a minimal story that was given to them before and combining this short story with the new story they were going to create. The students were asked to put the minimal story given to them in any part of the story according to the plot of the new story they would create. In this way, the effect of bilingualism on the students’ writing coherent and cohesive texts was investigated on the basis of the narrative texts the students had written. In the study, it was determined that the students’ mother tongue was also reflected in their narrative writings and they formed their texts in line with the language schemes they first acquired.

RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE REALIZATION OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGY OF PE TEACHERS’ SELF-IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY AT VARIOUS STAGES OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

The article deals with the issue of professional development and peculiarities of self-improvement of teachers of physical education. The aim of the research is to define components of self-improvement of teachers of physical education at various stages of professional development, and to theoretically substantiate and experimentally check realization of pedagogical technology of teachers’ self-improvement in the process of professional activity. Teachers of physical education from higher educational establishments took part in the experiment. A number of methods were used: analysis, comparison, systematization, survey, discussion, teachers interviewing, questionnaire, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, and graphic display of results. Results of the stating experiment proved discrepancy of the actual state of components of PE teachers’ self-improvement in the process of activity of professional perfection guideline. 
 In order to define physical state of PE teachers, tests aimed at physical preparedness have been selected; physiological indices have been defined with the help of functional tests; to characterize muscle component of PE teachers, muscular system development index has been used. For a good evaluation of indices of physical preparedness, physiological, and morphological indices, 9-grade evaluation charts have been developed. Analysis of the level of theoretical and methodological preparedness, pedagogical communication, and computer literacy of PE teachers was done with questionnaires developed by us. Definition of motivation to self-improvement of teachers of physical education in the process of professional activity was done on the basis of the “Motivation Sources Inventory” (J. Barbuto, R. Scholl).
 Also, results of practical experience allowed to elaborate the structure of self-improvement of teacher of physical education, which includes the following components: theoretical and methodological knowledge, pedagogical communication, physical self-improvement, computer literacy and personal view on self-improvement of teachers of physical education in the process of professional activity, which we define as an individual process of improvement of professionally-significant components of activity oriented on “Professional I-ideal”. “Professional I-ideal” is construed by us as a concept of professional qualities and features that a teacher must possess being oriented on professional requirements.

Corrosion main control factors and corrosion degree prediction charts in H2S and CO2 coexisting associated gas pipelines

The pipeline corrosive environment in T oil field contains H2S and CO2, with 96 corrosion perforations. OLGA software was used to simulate the internal flow environment. Combined with Pearson correlation coefficient analysis method and the Apriori algorithm, the association rules between corrosion rate and main corrosion control factors were determined. The results show that corrosion perforation of associated gas pipelines mostly occurred at the effusion in low-lying and climbing sections. Corrosion in the associated gas pipelines were strongly related to liquid velocity and holdup, and moderately related to temperature, H2S partial pressure and CO2 partial pressure. 10 association rules with confidence ≥90% between main corrosion control factors and corrosion rate were mined. Finally, the three kinds of corrosion evaluation charts parameters: liquid velocity & holdup, temperature & PCO2/PH2S and liquid velocity & PCO2/PH2S were established respectively.

Confirmation regarding regression polynomial evaluation of age at menarche against age at MPV of weight

Based on the regression evaluation of menarcheal age relative to the age at MPV of height, a delayed menarche evaluation chart was established. In fact, it is thought that the close relationship between menarche and body weight may lie behind the critical weight hypothesis and body fat hypothesis proposed in relation to the onset of menarche. In other words, the age at maximum peak velocity (MPV) in weight and age at menarche are thought to be highly correlated, so a regression evaluation chart for age at menarche against age at MPV of height can be constructed. Then, in the present study, a delayed menarche evaluation chart based on age at MPV of weight is constructed, and compared it with evaluations of delayed menarche determined by age at MPV of height. The results showed that the age at MPV of weight is later than the age of MPV in height. The level of agreement between girls judged using delayed menarche evaluation charts based on ages at MPV of height and weight was analyzed, and the results showed agreement in 131 of 204 girls (64.2%). The fact that there was disagreement in 74 girls (35.8%) indicates that the validity of delayed menarche evaluation based on age at MPV of weight is probably low.

Concept design and simulation analysis of floating water turbine

Researchers in Malaysia are attempting to advance and develop the renewable energy sector in response to increased emissions, fossil fuel exhaustion, and the need for electricity in remote areas. Water turbines are known to have a high potential for generating electricity. This paper aims to propose a new floating turbine concept and analyse it using Computational Fluid Dynamics. In the study, finding the idea started with infaring the market needs in Malaysia and transforming them into design requirements by utilising tools like the requirement table and the objective tree. After that, the requirements were changed to a function box to understand the functionality of the turbine. A task specification table was implemented to assign the specifications and create four concepts. One of the four concepts was chosen using the evaluation chart to undergo CFD analysis. The selected concept was validated using the dynamic mesh technique in ANSYS Fluent. A grid independence study and boundary sensitivity study were conducted to ensure the accuracy of the solution. The sliding mesh technique measured the performance of the turbine. It was found that the proposed turbine has higher performance than typical Savonius turbines, from 0.1 to 0.42 and 0.8 to 1.3 (Turbine Performance) and TSR (Tip Speed Ratio), respectively.

Implementation of a patient-teaching workshop to improve pharmacy students’ competencies in patient-centered communication: a case report

BackgroundThe pharmacist-patient relationship has evolved over recent decades and the development of clinical pharmacy requires pharmacists to take patient-centered responsibilities. This requires a specific set of skills, such as patient-centered communication. Evaluation of students’ competencies in patient-centered communication is challenging in academic settings and complementary assessment methods may be designed in order to overcome the limits of traditional preceptors’ ratings or objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). There is increasing interest in a more active patient role in healthcare professional education and there are very few reports about patient-led education in pharmacies. Thus, the objective of this work was to implement a patient-teaching workshop and to assess its impact on pharmacy students’ competencies in patient-centered communication.MethodsThe workshop was developed in collaboration between four patients, a senior clinical pharmacist and a lecturer in education sciences and implemented in the hospital pharmacy residency program. The main course objective was acquiring the three competencies of the Calgary-Cambridge guide to the medical interview: (i) building a relationship, (ii) conducting structured interview and (iii) gathering information. The learning process integrated: working on participants’ perception of pharmacists-patient communication, a first simulated interview, didactic learning and a second simulated interview. After simulated interviews, patients and peer residents assessed learner’s performance with a competency chart and provided individual feedback. Assessment methods included comparisons between the first and second interview scores and an anonymous post-course survey.ResultsForty-seven residents and 19 patient teachers attended the session. Competency scores were higher after the second interview in all three competencies as rated by both patients (+ 25%) and peer residents (+ 29%).Residents expressed a high satisfaction and reported learning about conducting interviews and soft skills contributing to the development of a relationship with patients. “The involvement of patients” was expressed as most appreciated in the majority of the evaluation charts (87%) and the residents valued the importance of collaborative and interprofessional learning during the workshop. Three themes emerged: (1) patients’ expertise, (2) reliability and (3) relationship, which underlined that the students estimated the patients were credible sources of information in this pedagogical context.ConclusionThis patient-teaching approach improved patient-centered competencies of pharmacy residents and promoted partnership between patients and pharmacy students.

Proposal for Growth and Development Evaluation Chart of Physical Abilities in Preschool Children-Analysis based on wavelet interpolation model-

Growth and development evaluations of physical abilities (physique, motor ability) in preschool children are generally done with uniform evaluation charts of evaluation ranges based on cross-sectional data. In recent years, objective evaluation methods with least squares approximation polynomials have also been established. However, variability cannot be ruled out when using cross-sectional data on the growth and development of physical abilities in preschool children, and so physical development evaluations based on longitudinal changes with age, taking date of birth into account, have not been established. Of course, there are times when methods for constructing evaluations cannot be established. In this study, we applied the wavelet interpolation model to physical ability measurements corresponding to year and month of age, in order to evaluate growth and development of physical abilities associated with longitudinal aging over three years in boys 3 to 5 years old in Japan. First, standard age-related changes were investigated. Physical growth fundamentally tends to occur gradually, but body weight increases with slight fluctuations. In standard development of motor ability, particularly in the 20-m dash, fluctuating trends were seen near 3 years old, but there was a converging tendency in fluctuations associated with aging. In the tennis ball throw, the biological variation was pronounced, and there were large individual differences. Based on these trends, the effectiveness of applying the wavelet interpolation model became clear in this study. Hence, we applied the wavelet interpolation model to the mean values and standard deviations for the growth and development of physical abilities associated with aging over a span of three years during early childhood, and constructed an age span evaluation chart. With this evaluation chart, an evaluation that can correspond flexibly to growth and development in physical ability could be said to have been constructed.

Effectiveness of a three-dimensional-printing curriculum: Developing and evaluating an elementary school design-oriented model course

In this study, a three-dimensional-printing design-oriented model course was developed for elementary school students, and its learning efficacy was investigated. The study was primarily conducted using action research and supplemented with data obtained through participant observation and content analysis. The participants were fifth-grade students in an elementary school in Taiwan, and the study was conducted over two semesters. Experts assessed the effectiveness of the pilot program over two semesters and revised the curriculum for formal program implementation in the following two semesters. The efficacy of teaching and learning was evaluated using diverse data collected through student self-evaluation charts, checklists for basic modeling exercises (using software), evaluation charts, and daily teacher logs. The findings revealed that computer-aided drawing is a powerful tool that can help students understand concepts, offer them the opportunity to showcase their creativity, and spark their motivation to learn. The design-oriented model course improved learning performance in basic drawing and design through advanced product design by cultivating the students’ creative potential and enhancing their design and creation skills.

Evaluation method of hydrocarbon yield of source rocks in open, semiopen, and closed systems: A case study on the K1qn Formation, northern Songliao Basin, China

Hydrocarbon yield of source rocks is an important parameter in the evaluation of oil and gas resources, and its value determines the potential of conventional and unconventional oil and gas resources. There is no oil cracking into gas in the thermal pyrolysis experiment data of an open system, whereas kerogen cracking into oil in a closed system is involved in the calculation of oil cracking into gas. However, most source rocks in sedimentary basins are a process of hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon expulsion, which could lead to insufficient understanding of hydrocarbon yield of source rocks. Based on the multiple thermal pyrolysis experiment data, three hydrocarbon generation kinetic models, and actual geologic data (burial history, thermal history, and hydrocarbon generation threshold), we established the evaluation method and chart of hydrocarbon yield of source rocks under open, semiopen, and closed systems by using the hydrocarbon generation kinetics method. The concept of degree of openness was proposed. From a closed system to an open system, the degree of openness increases gradually, and its value changes from 0 to 1. Taking the K1qn Formation in the northern Songliao Basin as an example, the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of the K1qn Formation source rock is approximately 70%, and it can be approximated as the degree of openness. Based on our method for evaluating hydrocarbon yield of source rocks, the charts of hydrocarbon yield of source rocks under open system, semiopen system with a degree of openness of 0.7, and closed system of the K1qn Formation in the northern Songliao Basin were established. The oil and gas yields of the K1qn Formation source rocks in a semiopen system with a degree of openness of 0.7 are approximately 540 and 105 mgHC/gTOC at a burial depth of 2000 m, respectively. Our results indicate that the hydrocarbon yield of source rocks in a semiopen system is closer to the hydrocarbon yield of source rocks under geologic condition. We use the thermal pyrolysis experiment data, hydrocarbon generation kinetics model, and geologic data to propose a very valuable evaluation method of hydrocarbon yield of source rock, which has a solid theoretical basis and strong applicability.

Examination of Physical Fitness Evaluations of Severe Obesity During Junior High School

Hypotheses on physical fitness and motor ability of obesity have not been clearly proven. To be sure, several papers have been reported, but none of them have gone beyond speculation. In other words, statistically warranted amounts of data on obese people have not been obtained. This study examined physique, physical fitness and motor ability measurements obtained in a large-scale investigation over 7 years (from the 2013 to 2019 academic years) based on the physical fitness improvement action plan of City O The measurement results of children in the second year of junior high school were used. In this study, the wavelet interpolation model was applied specifically to the average value and standard deviation of height, physical strength and motor ability (grip strength, sidesteps, sit-and-reach, sit up, endurance running, 50 m dash, standing long jump, 20 m shuttle run, handball throw) for second year junior high school students. An annual span evaluation chart was then constructed. The height, physical strength, and motor ability of second year junior high school boys and girls judged by the annual span evaluation chart of BMI devised by Fujii [16] were applied to this evaluation chart. As a result, the evaluation of physical fitness and motor ability of the second-year junior high school students derived in this study was not a conjecture. Rather, a clear judgment of "Somewhat poor" or "Poor" in the items except for grip strength, sit-and-reach, and handball throwing was derived, and we suggest that a physical fitness and motor ability evaluation for second year junior high school boys and girls could be established here.

The new HFA/ICOS risk assessment tool to identify patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia at high risk of cardiotoxicity.

AimsTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used to treat chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) can cause cardiovascular adverse events. So far, the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) charts of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) have been used to identify cancer patients at increased cardiovascular risk. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of the new cardiovascular risk assessment model proposed by the Cardio‐Oncology Study Group of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC in collaboration with the International Cardio‐Oncology Society (ICOS) to stratify the cardiovascular risk in CML patients, compared with SCORE risk charts. The secondary aim was to establish the incidence of adverse arterial events (AEs) in patients with CML treated with TKIs and the influence of preventive treatment with aspirin.Methods and resultsA retrospective single‐centre observational study was carried out on 58 patients (32 men and 26 women; mean age ± SD: 59 ± 15 years) with CML treated with TKIs for a median period of 43 ± 31 months. Cardiological evaluation was performed and cardiovascular risk was estimated with SCORE risk charts and with the new risk assessment tool proposed by HFA/ICOS. AEs were recorded. According to SCORE charts and the new HFA/ICOS risk stratification tool, respectively, 46% (Group A1) and 60% (Group A2) of patients were at high–very high risk, and 54% (Group B1) and 40% (Group B2) at low–moderate risk. AEs were significantly more frequent in Group A1 than Group B1 (P value < 0.01) when considered overall; they were significantly more frequent in Group A2 than Group B2 either overall or considered individually. HFA/ICOS risk stratification tool was significantly more sensitive than SCORE (P < 0.01) in identifying patients at higher risk of cardiovascular toxicity. In addition, we did not find AEs in patients pretreated with aspirin.ConclusionsThe new HFA/ICOS risk stratification model allows a more tailored cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with CML and it is more sensitive than SCORE charts.

A Quantitative Evaluation Method of Anti-Sloughing Drilling Fluid Inhibition for Deep Mudstone

Wellbore instability resulting from deep mudstone hydration severely restricts the development of oil and gas resources from deep reservoir in western China. Accurate evaluation of drilling fluid inhibition properties plays an important role in selecting drilling fluid that can control deep mudstone hydration and then sustain wellbore stability. The previous evaluations are conducted by qualitative analysis and cannot consider the influence of complex hydration conditions of deep mudstone (high temperature, high pressure and flushing action). The study proposes a quantitative method to evaluate drilling fluid’s inhibition property for deep mudstone under natural drilling conditions. In this method, the cohesive strength of mudstone after hydration is adopted as the inhibition index of the tested drilling fluid. An experimental platform containing a newly designed HPHT (High pressure and high temperature) hydration experiment apparatus and mechanics characterization of mudstone after hydration based on scratch test is proposed to obtain the current inhibition index of tested drilling fluid under deep well drilling environments. Based on the mechanical–chemical wellbore stability model considering strength weakening characteristics of deep mudstone after hydration, a cross-correlation between drilling fluid density (collapse pressure) and required inhibition index (cohesive strength) for deep mudstone is provided as the quantitative evaluation criterion. Once the density of tested mud is known, one can confirm whether the inhibition property of tested mud is sufficient. In this study, the JDK mudstone of a K block in western China is selected as the application object of the proposed evaluation method. Firstly, the evaluation chart, which can demonstrate the required inhibition indexes of the tested fluids quantitatively with various densities for JDK mudstone, is constructed. Furthermore, the experimental evaluations of inhibition indexes of drilling fluids taken from two wells in K block are conducted under ambient and deep-well drilling conditions, respectively. In order to show the validity and advantage of the proposed method, a comparison between the laboratory evaluation results and field data is made. Results show that the laboratory evaluation results under deep-well drilling conditions are consistent with the field data. However, the evaluation under ambient conditions overestimates the inhibition property of the tested fluid and brings a risk of wellbore instability. The developed quantitative method can be a new way to evaluate and optimize the inhibition property of drilling fluid for deep mudstone.

“A STUDY OF ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE”

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is commonly associated with protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and failure to thrive in children. Children with congenital heart diseases are commonly malnourished irrespective of CHD. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of CHD on growth and to identify the areas of growth affected with reference to different anthropometric measurements. Materials and Method: A case control observational study was carried out in children aged 0-12 years old with CHD in the Department of Pediatrics, Kota. All patients underwent an anthropometric evaluation (weight, height/length, head circumference,mid-arm circumference) and growth charts (NCHS and WHO) were used accordingly. Results: We had total of 40 patients, 30 (75%) had acyanotic congenital malformation, while 10 (25%) had cyanotic cardiac malformation. Majority, 17(77%) out of 22 cases above 5 years with CHD were underweight. Left to right shunt children with acyanotic malformation were tended to have acute malnutrition and stunting was more severe in children with cyanotic defects,with 100% of them affected. Conclusion:A significantly higher number of children (82%) were underweight and 86% were stunted among children with congenital heart disease. In conclusion it can be stated that children with congenital heart disease have highly measurable significant growth retardation (P&lt;0.05) by student t test.

Nutritional biomarkers and machine learning for personalized nutrition applications and health optimization

The doctrine of the “one size fits all” approach in the field of disease diagnosis and patient management is being replaced by a more per patient approach known as “personalized medicine”. In this spirit, biomarkers are key variables in the research and development of new methods for prognostic and classification model training based on advances in the field of artificial intelligence [1, 2, 3]. Metabolomics refers to the systematic study of the unique chemical fingerprints that cellular processes leave behind. The metabolic profile of a person can provide a snapshot of cell physiology and, by extension, metabolomics provide a direct “functional reading of the physiological state” of an organism. Via employing machine learning methodologies, a general evaluation chart of nutritional biomarkers is formulated and an optimised prediction method for body to mass index is investigated with the aim to discover dietary patterns.

Recovery from anaesthesia in post-COVID-19 mucormycosis debridement surgery: An observational study

Background: Mucormycosis has emerged as the most common lethal post-COVID-19 infection. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, anaesthesiologists have faced the challenge of anaesthetising post-COVID mucormycosis patients, which requires extensive surgical debridement. Various perioperative factors can have an impact on the recovery from the neuromuscular blockade of these patients. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to observe the recovery pattern from the neuromuscular blockade and the impact of various factors on extubation time. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study included all post-COVID-19 mucormycosis patients who underwent debridement surgery under general anaesthesia in a tertiary referral hospital. All the pre-anaesthetic evaluation charts, treatment charts and anaesthetic management charts were reviewed. The following outcome variables at recovery from anaesthesia were noted: duration of surgery, duration of anaesthesia and extubation time. Results: A total of 72 patients underwent post-COVID-19 debridement surgery in the study period, of which 26 patients were excluded from the study and 46 patients were included in the analysis. The median extubation time was 32 min and interquartile range was 7–37 min. Seventeen (37%) patients were extubated in <15 min and 29 (63%) patients were extubated after 15 min. The shortest extubation time was 2 min, whereas the longest was 1440 min. Conclusion: Extubation time was prolonged when post-COVID patients underwent debridement surgery for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. Although pre-operative and intraoperative factors can impact recovery from neuromuscular blockade, our study did not demonstrate such findings. Delayed extubation time may be related to the COVID illness rather than pre-operative risk factors.

Dielectric Loss of EPDM Insulation Subjected to Thermal Stress and Pressure

The insulation performance of ethylene propylene diene monomers (EPDMs) subjected to multi-stresses in the field is always obscure. To understand the effects of temperature and pressure on the performance of the EPDMs used as insulators for power cables, in this work, focuses were on the dielectric losses of EPDMs under the temperature range of 30–120°C and pressure range of 2–8 bar. The polarization and depolarization currents and the dielectric loss factor of EPDMs under the above conditions have been first measured. The relationship between the depolarization current and dielectric loss factor has been studied based on the correlation of the depolarization charge and the dielectric loss factor at low-frequency. The experimental results showed that the conduction currents and the dielectric loss factor increase with the increase in temperature, but the effect of pressure on the dielectric properties of EPDM is more complicated. There is a strong correlation between the depolarization charge and low-frequency dielectric loss factor, both of which can reflect the change law of the EPDMs’ performance. Moreover, the asymmetry coefficient of the dielectric loss factor at low-frequency can be a supplement with regard to describing the deterioration degree of EPDM insulation. The evaluation chart of the insulation performance of the EPDMs has been advanced according to the asymmetry coefficient and the total dielectric loss calculated by the polarization and depolarization currents.

Comparison of Clinical Chemistry Analysers ERBA XL-640 vs ERBA XL-1000 for Glucose Estimation

Introduction: With advance in technology, many instruments with wide variety of principle or technologies are available in market and in laboratory to conduct sample processing in time bound period. To fulfill the laboratory quality goal, it is essential that result matching be obtained in all used biochemical analysers for examinations. Documented evidence of method/instrument comparison can be used in future for quality improvement purposes. Aim: To assess and compare equivalence and harmonisation in glucose results produce by ERBA XL-640 vs ERBA XL-1000 in clinical biochemistry laboratory. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was carried out by results comparison of glucose measurements obtained in two automated systems ERBA XL-640 and ERBA XL-1000 in Clinical Biochemistry laboratory at Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research between June 2021 to October 2021, based on protocol EP09-3A of result harmonisation and review article-method comparison. The results value were compared according to the total allowable error in Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA’88). Results were analysed by visual and quantitative analysis method Regression analysis and Bland-Altman plot, Method evaluation chart (Normalised MEDx chart). Results: Total of 48 samples were run within the batches and between the batches and quantitative analysis of difference was done. It is acceptable at medical decision level 40 mg/dL, 120 mg/dL and 180 mg/dL with comparison to total allowable error. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the comparison of ERBA XL-640 and ERBA XL-1000 for glucose examination by end point method {Glucose Oxidase-Peroxidase (GOD-POD) method} is acceptable and can be used interchangeably without repeat at major clinical decision levels.

Construction of Health Care Indicators for Elderly Males Based on Phase Angle

In Japan, preventing the need for care is central to the aim of extending healthy life expectancy in elderly people, and many days care service and other facilities have been built. However, health indicators for people at the time they move into residential care facilities have not been established. In a previous study, we surveyed phase angle in general elderly women and evaluated the phase angle of those who require care by constructing a reference chart for its evaluation. From the results, it was shown that the range of −1.0 SD the level of general elderly women was a standard for care need level. However, since there are obviously sex differences between men and women in phase angle, constructing separate evaluation indicators for men and women is an urgent task. In this study, we analyzed the changes in phase angle with age in general elderly men, and constructed a span evaluation chart based on those changes with age. The phase angle of men who require care was applied to the constructed span evaluation chart, and standards for care need level were sought. The results showed a trend for the phase angle in people who require care to be distributed at below 5.5° for the whole body and 4.0° for the legs. Thus, the phase angle of people who require care was revealed to be distributed in the range of −1.0 ± 1.0 SD that of general elderly men. Using the phase angle aging span evaluation chart, a standard for care need level was presented and its validity as a health care indicator in the elderly is thought to have been shown.

Alternative Engineered Soils and Seed Mixes Used for Seepage Troughs

Green Infrastructure measures such as seepage troughs are an integral part of sustainable urban rainwater management. In Austria, seepage troughs are currently almost exclusively produced with a 30 cm thick active soil filter passage made of topsoil. A standard seed mix is used as vegetation, which usually consists of only three different turfgrass species. During a three-year trial, engineered soils with improved properties (increased water storage capacity, infiltration rate and pore volume) were tested for their suitability as seepage troughs compared to topsoil. In addition to the standard turf seed mix, a flowering turf seed mix (34 species) and flowering meadow seed mix (53 species) were applied. The engineered and reference soils were analyzed for infiltration rate, vitality, cover ratio and inflorescence. The results were further assessed with the evaluation chart showing quantitatively the suitability of the tested soils for rainwater management. The investigations showed that engineered soils in combination with flowering meadow seed mix lead to the best results. Therefore, this type of vegetation for seepage troughs is recommended for future applications. The reference alternatives cannot be recommended.

Novel Service Efficiency Evaluation and Management Model

Numerous scholars have invested in the research of service innovation management, hoping to find a more objective and scientific service efficiency evaluation and management model so as to stride forward towards the goal of smart innovation management. In the service operating system, the multi-workstation service operation is one of the common service operation models. Some studies have pointed out: apart from a good service attitude, the service operation time of each workstation is a key factor which measures the performance of the workstation’s service operation. Therefore, this paper proposed a standardized concept with a service operation efficiency evaluation index. This index is not only convenient and easy-to-use, but it also has a one-to-one mathematical relationship with the performance achievement rate. Next, the radar evaluation chart was employed to evaluate the service efficiency of each workstation. First, according to the upper confidence limit and the required value of the index, the minimum value (MV) of the index estimator was derived and marked on each radar line; at the same time, all MVs were connected to form a control block. When the point estimate of the index does not fall into the control block of the radar chart, it represents that the service operation efficiency of the workstation has not reached the required level, so it needs to be improved. Because this model can directly compare the point estimate of the index with the MV, it can judge whether the service operation efficiency reaches the required level. In this way, the advantage of simple and easy-to-use point estimate can be maintained, and the risk of misjudgment caused by sampling errors can be reduced as well, which is helpful for the service industry to move towards the goal of intelligent innovation management. This method is not only applied to the performance evaluation of the multi-workstation service operation process but also applicable to the performance evaluations of other service operations.