Seventeen compounds were isolated from the branches and leaves of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. On the basis of spectroscopic methods (HR-ESIMS, 1Dand 2D-NMR), their structures were identified as pashinin A (1), gastrodin-7-O-cis-caffeoyl ester (2), gastrodin-7-O-trans-caffeoyl ester (3), kaempferol-3-β-D-(6-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-β-D-(6-O-cis-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranoside (5), gastrodin-7-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl ester (6), arbutin (7), robustaside B (8), tormentic acid (9), euscaphic acid (10), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), 2R,3R-dihydyoquercetin (12), luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), apigenin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), 5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), genistein (16), caffeic acid (17). Among them, 1 and 2 were new compounds, 3 was a new natural product, 4~16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1~3 showed no cytotoxic effects on tumor cell (IC50>40 μmol•L ). 1 and 4 exhibited weak anti-HIV-1 activities.