European Vision Research Articles

Multi-criteria analysis of the improvement interventions related to the Superbonus 110%: efficiency, renewables

Abstract The 2050 long-term strategy of the European Union contains an analysis of the actions that need to be taken for the transition to a zero GHG emission economy and to to build a better future for all by 2050. The outlined scenarios envisage ambitious objectives in terms of the energy efficient building improvements, the use of RES and the reduction of climate-changing emission. Following this European vision, EU Member States have developed national long-term strategies and focusing on the building sector, in Italy the Recovery and Resilience Plan is providing financing and national and European investment is expected to enable the renovation of more than 100,000 buildings, with a total upgraded area of more than 36 million square metres. The expected energy saving is about 191 Ktoe/year with a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of about 667 Kton CO2/year. At the end of 2023, the energy requalification of buildings reached about 12 million square metres. By 31 December 2025, the objective is to ensure the energy requalification of buildings for at least 32 million square metres. The proposed research aims to investigate the effects of the renovation activities related to the Superbonus 110% through a multi-criteria analysis, taking into account the beneficial effects consisting of the energy efficiency improvement. The research has been conducted starting from a database of 1,545 dwellings on the territory of Italy, using a data collection questionnaire to estimate the energy consumption of a dwelling, with an in-house developed calculation code based on a simplified dynamic simulation. The database has been set to satisfy different purposes: to characterize the energy uses of residential utilities and identify flexible loads; to estimate the effects of energy upgrading interventions; to analyse the transformation potential of residential buildings with the introduction of an integrated PV-Heat Pump-Thermal Storage system; to evaluate the best energy upgrading proposal based on the climate zone and building location; to evaluate the cost of energy upgrading interventions. The proposed activity aims to complement the studies carried out by projecting the existing situation into more scenarios congruent with the national and European context; the envisioned scenario interprets the need to increase the building stock efficiency and integrate more renewable energy resources into energy systems. In light of the estimates produced and the results achieved, the research aims to emphasize the reuse of building materials issue, looking at circular reuse, offering a different and broader assessment of interventions aimed at the construction sector and, more specifically, the residential sector.

Genetic Testing of Patients with Inherited Retinal Diseases in the European Countries: An International Survey by the European Vision Institute

Introduction: The purpose of this project was to explore the current standards of clinical care genetic testing and counseling for patients with inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) from the perspective of leading experts in selected European countries. Also, to gather opinions on current bottlenecks and future solutions to improve patient care. Methods: On the initiative of the European Vision Institute, a survey questionnaire with 41 questions was designed and sent to experts in the field from ten European countries. Each participant was asked to answer with reference to the situation in their own country. Results: Sixteen questionnaires were collected by November 2023. IRD genetic tests are performed in clinical care settings for 80% or more of tested patients in 9 countries, and the costs of genetic tests in clinical care are covered by the public health service to the extent of 90% or more in 8 countries. The median proportion of patients who are genetically tested, the median rate of genetically solved patients among those who are tested, and the median proportion of patients receiving counseling are 51–70%, 61–80%, and 61–80%, respectively. Improving the education of healthcare professionals who facilitate patient referrals to specialized centers, improving access of patients to more thorough genotyping, and increasing the number of available counselors were the most advocated solutions. Conclusion: There is a significant proportion of IRD patients who are not genetically tested, whose genetic testing is inconclusive, or who do not receive counseling. Educational programs, greater availability of state-of-the-art genotyping and genetic counselors could improve healthcare for IRD patients.

The European Vision for 6G Smart Networks and Services

The European Vision for 6G Smart Networks and Services

Legitimizing the interventions recommended in “European Research Area Policy Agenda 2022–2024”

Abstract The EU Directorate General for Research and Innovation’s “European Research Area Policy Agenda: Overview of Actions for the Period 2022–2024” outlines twenty actions to boost research excellence, investment and reform, coordination and support, or green and digital transformation of the academia, in an attempt to create a truly common “European knowledge market.” Filled with strategic planning jargon, the policy specifies the recommended interventions for years to come and with billions of Euros of funding to follow. Using a qualitative critical discourse approach, this study explores policy-making from a linguistic perspective to capture the characteristics of current EU R&I discourse. Language choices have a constitutive role in policy papers due to the discursive capacity for legitimization and subsequent persuasion. The analysis focuses on the persuasive presuppositions induced by certain lexico-grammatical choices, including evaluative and rhetorical devices, and shows how the ERA policy fosters acceptance of a European vision of R&I values.

ОБРАЗЫ ВТОРОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ КИНО ЖАНРА ХОРРОР: КОДЫ КУЛЬТУРЫ

This article addresses the problem of contemporary European vision of the results of World War II through the prism of cinema, namely, a specific genre: horror. The images created in this genre by Norwegian and French directors are analyzed: Standartenführer, Germans, Soviet soldiers. The material is two relatively well-known films of the horror-comedy (black humor) subgenre («Operation "Dead Snow" (2009), «Operation "Dead Snow 2" (2014) (Norway) and the slasher «Underground Horror» (2022) (France, Belgium). The balance of power in these films, when the victory over zombies (German soldiers who have turned into the living dead) is won either by Europeans and Americans, or by representatives of national minorities, is, from the author’s point of view, the code of modern culture in the West, when the role of Soviet troops in the Victory over fascism is hushed up, when gays or representatives of national minorities act as heroes; when the Second World War becomes the subject of a comedy comprehension with an admixture of trash. Such a code differs significantly from the one that existed in literature and cinema of the immediate post-war period (in the second half of the 20th century), when living witnesses (war participants) were more numerous and moral values were somewhat different. This prism of artistic vision of the Second World War is justified by the nature of postmodern thinking and the demand for this kind of film production among Western viewers.

An Attempt to Estimate the Social Value Resulting from Making Cultural Heritage Available in the Form of a Tourist Product

Cultural heritage tourism is a multidimensional tourist activity because, apart from the advantages associated with practicing tourist activity, it is particularly associated with cognitive motives when it comes to practicing it, and even with discovering cultural identity. Such an activity has a specific value in relation to the adopted perspective. Researchers often attempt to determine the value that a tourism-related product has for the customer (tourist). Sometimes, it is defined as the value captured by the entity providing the tourism product. However, it is extremely rare for research to assess the social value of tourism. The aim of this work is to identify issues that can be used in measuring the social value resulting from cultural heritage made available in the form of a tourist product. The authors review the literature on cultural heritage and cultural identity, and then use a particular methodology to develop a tool for assessing social value. To develop their own research tool, the authors use the results of research conducted in 2021/2022 among managers of 70 cultural heritage tourism facilities in Europe. As a result, a tool was created that includes six statements that can contribute to the assessment of the social value resulting from the provision of material cultural heritage in the form of a tourist product. The reliability of the tool was estimated at 0.69 and its standardized rating at 0.71. The social value of cultural heritage, in the opinion of experts, achieved an average rating of 4.06 (on a scale from 1 to 5), with the 6-item version of the tool attaining an average rating of 4.10. Taking into account the usefulness of the proposed solutions, remember that the paper reflects only the European vision, which is one of many possible views.

The shift toward autonomous European inland waterway shipping: Identifying the gaps in the emerging socio-technical system

The introduction of automated solutions for inland waterways shipping supports the European vision for a sustainable and greener shift within maritime management and logistics. Despite increasing investments, impressive technological advancements, and active discussion to solve the regulatory and business model barriers, socio-technical aspects are still less studied in the preparation for the future of autonomous shipping. This study examines stakeholder and technology roles to map the gaps and challenges created in this emerging space using a system theory approach, specifically a recently developed work design system analysis tool named Change Agent Infrastructure (CHAI) analysis [1]. This framework was chosen to better understand the likely changes of the system with the introduction of automated technology and higher degrees of automation and digitalization in the European inland waterways. The analysis identifies that there are multiple receivers of the change and regulatory bodies will also be actors with considerable responsibilities to direct these changes.

Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Europy w kontekście rosyjskiej inwazji na Ukrainę

The article presents an objective vision of the causes, content and possible consequences of non-compliance with energy security for the EU or Western democratic countries in connection with Russian imperialism’s aggression against Ukraine as a manifestation of the resurgent colonial Soviet thinking and practice of conquering states and enslaving nations. The concept of energy security has relatively new roots. Intensification of research, attempts at its systemic conceptualization are still ongoing. The author takes a contemporary view of the goals, threats, instruments, and methods of implementation of the policy of energy independence of the EU, diversification of resources and suppliers, and politically assesses the consequences of the still not fully overcome model of supply of raw materials from Russia to the countries of Europe as a hybrid threat. The scientific point of view organically correlates with the civic position, the principles of transatlantic energy security policy and the democratic European vision of contemporary events.

Documente folclorice muzicale din Bucovina, culese de Alexandru Voevidca

This article is an evocation of Alexandru Voevidca, a teacher and folklorist due to whom the folk song from Bukovina entered the national patrimony in the last century. The pages that follow constitute a part of a larger research, which analyses the contribution of researchers on the field of traditional culture in historical Bukovina (representatives of Ion G. Sbiera, Simion Florea Marian, Elena Niculiță-Voronca and Alexandru Voevidca) to the development of ethnological disciplines (folkloristics, ethnography and ethnomusicology) at the beginning of the XXth century, when the efforts of redoubtable philologists and musicologists such as Ion Bianu, Ovid Densusianu, Ion Muşlea, D. G. Kiriac, Béla Bartók, Constantin Brăiloiu, to orientate and present Romanian folk researches in a European vision, are noted. In the first three decades of the last century, in the systematic research of traditional folk culture, the problem of noting syncretism in the collection of the folk text and the establishment of folklore archives returns with greater stringency. The phenomenon had already manifested itself before in Western Europe. By 1918, a first non-selective collection of the Romanian repertoire of the folk song had been made in Bukovina, followed later by a thematic classification. The approach was determined by a strong movement developed in Vienna, aimed at collecting, analysing and publishing the folklore of the different ethnic groups embedded in the empire, with the aim of defining their cultural “specificity”. Philology Professor M. Friedwagner and folklorist teacher Alexandru Voevidca linked their names to this achievement.

Europe’s China Problem: How Not to Feed Beijing’s Military–Civil Fusion

This essay explores the question of restricting China’s access to European dual-use technology. Under Xi Jinping, the Chinese Communist Party is transforming China into a techno-security state. The country’s innovation-driven development strategy and strengthened push for military–civil fusion, fuelled by powerful industrial policies, have made technology exchanges with China a challenging policy issue in Europe. The issue is not only a bilateral one with China – it constitutes a challenge for the management of the transatlantic alliance as well, given that US intervention has at times been a decisive factor shaping European policies vis-à-vis China, mostly through targeted action regarding specific issues of technology transfers. The European Union has developed a toolbox of defensive instruments in the past five years to address asymmetries and imbalances in EU–China trade and investment relations, providing European decision-makers with the instruments to manage technology transfers to China. This toolbox still needs to be perfected, however. The EU is only now starting to develop a political narrative linking China’s military build-up, its powerful industrial and innovation policies, and Xi’s vision for Chinese leadership in world affairs. In the absence of a shared European vision, technology transfers will remain a sporadic irritant in transatlantic relations.

Awkward Rituals: Sensations of Governance in Protestant America by Dana W. Logan (review)

Reviewed by: Awkward Rituals: Sensations of Governance in Protestant America by Dana W. Logan Steven C. Bullock (bio) Keywords Protestantism, Rituals, Symbols, Benevolent societies, Freemasons, Catherine Beecher Awkward Rituals: Sensations of Governance in Protestant America. By Dana W. Logan. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2022. Pp. 192. Paper, $27.50.) In studying what she calls the "sensations of governance," Dana W. Logan's Awkward Rituals does not round up the usual suspects either in civic life—commemorations, cornerstone-layings, and fourth of July celebrations—or in traditional sacred spaces—church services, camp meetings, public sermons. Logan, a specialist in religious studies, looks instead at how religious Americans portrayed power in less public settings, in fraternal orders, benevolent societies, and domestic life. Logan's compact work, less than 125 pages of text, seeks to move beyond previous considerations of rituals. For more than a century, scholars have struggled to find paths and patterns in what Victor Turner called the "forest of symbols." Turner, Émile Durkheim, and Clifford Geertz held that rituals expressed the central values of their culture. Pierre Bourdieu and a variety of more recent scholars have considered embodiment, how performances, practices, and rituals shape the actor. Rather than looking at how rituals fit, however, Logan considers how they often failed. Rather than noting the richness, the thickness of her ceremonies, she finds them "awkward," thin, and uncomfortable both physically and symbolically. The problem, in her telling, is that these American rituals were rooted in earlier conceptions of power. Seeking to build hierarchical power, they became "incongruous" in a society that had rejected monarchy (2). America's "sovereign rituals," expressing as well as establishing power, spoke using the Renaissance European vision of the monarch's two bodies, the physical that can die and the political that cannot, a model, she suggests, that helps account for the increasing popularity of the corporation in post-Revolutionary America (2). These problematic monarchical forms enacted what she calls "contractions in [the] culture" (19). The book particularly focuses on four sets of rituals. The first discussion, about the secret ceremonies of the Freemasons, is most clearly tied to the larger argument. The Masonic fraternity, which she calls a "club for powerful white men," both retained monarchical values and looked toward new ideas of the social body, figuring its members as elites within a more equal society (21). Most of its rituals were performed in spaces where only Masons were allowed. All participated in the drama, creating [End Page 329] a theatrical performance without a separate audience. Although Logan underestimates the role of initiating new participants in these ceremonies, she interestingly highlights their use of "physical discomfort" (37). Logan next turns to benevolent societies, looking first at the annual national meetings of the American Bible Society. Such organizations, she suggests, formed a new sort of social body. At their "head" was a board of directors that controlled the society through private meetings that made decisions using carefully regulated procedures that Logan suggests were "a genre of performance" (57). The board then reported on their actions in public meetings in which the head spoke to and for the body, the society's "members." This is an intriguing perspective, opening up new ways of thinking about both the nature of membership in such organizations (in comparison with Masonic participation) and the role of meetings in governing. Another benevolent organization, the American Seaman's Friend Society, provides the focus of the third case study. The society sought to aid sailors through approved boarding houses, onboard libraries, and religious solidarity with sailors. Logan shows that its members (who were largely not mariners) felt inspired (or perhaps obligated) to use maritime language and metaphors to signal their solidarity with sailors. These often-awkward expressions were similar to the religious meetings that members conducted with sailors, meetings that, in Logan's view, unintentionally highlighted the distinction between the two groups—and revealed the limits of benevolent concern. Although members offered religious fellowship, they refused to create more lasting kinship ties with the targeted populations. The final study examines Catherine Beecher's directions for women overseeing a household in her Treatise on Domestic Economy (1843). Logan creatively considers Beecher's discussions of the...

Scientific Research for European Decision-Making

No AccessScientific Research for European Decision-MakingEmilia Blank, PhD Lukas Danko, Kata Katz, Dr. sc Volodymyr Polishchuk, Dr Ivan RubinićEmilia Blank University of Wuppertal Germany BA; is currently finishing her double master’s degree from the University of Wuppertal and Andrássy University in Budapest. She is majoring in Policy Science and International Relations, while also working at the Institute for Democracy and Participation Studies as a research assistant. In addition to being the chairwoman of an association advocating for equal access to education around the globe, her interests lie in development cooperation between countries as well as educational policies within Europe.Search for more papers by this author, PhD Lukas Danko Tomas Bata University Czech Republic PhD; is an assistant professor and secretary at Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Faculty of Management and Economics, Department of Regional Development, Public Sector Administration and Law. With a background in economics, Lukáš has a range of interests in creative economy, collaborative spaces, and multi-level governance. He has published both qualitative and quantitative papers in WoS and Scopus, and book chapters in Routledge, and Springer.Search for more papers by this author, Kata Katz University of Arts Berlin Germany MA; studied Philosophy, Literature and Film Studies at the University of Szeged, Hungary. She is currently a PhD candidate at the University of Arts Berlin (UdK), Germany. She is an independent lecturer and one of the co-founders of the Project Failure Stories. Her research focuses on media and photography theory, philosophy of science and science history.Search for more papers by this author, Dr. sc Volodymyr Polishchuk Uzhhorod National University Ukraine Dr. sc; is a professor at Uzhhorod National University (Ukraine). He is a project manager and expert on many IT and scientific projects, whose interests include research and development in information technology and aviation, with an emphasis on assessing process control in complex systems. He is the author of more than 150 scientific works.Search for more papers by this author, Dr Ivan Rubinić Maastricht University The Netherlands Dr; is a postdoctoral researcher in European integration at Maastricht University. He is working toward the advancement of political economy, economic inequality, and international trade. Ivan is a political economist committed to exposing that excessive inequalities stand in the way of the European vision of shared prosperity, equality, and cohesiveness. His scholarly record is comprised of a number of publications, including Palgrave Macmillan, Routledge, and Oxford University Press.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:Feb 2023SectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Download book coverVolume 63Issue 1-2February 2023 ISSN: 0012-5415eISSN: 2307-289XHistoryPublished online:February 2023 PDF download

Modelling the cost-effectiveness of a newborn hearing screening programme; usability and pitfalls

Objective The EUSCREEN project concerns the study of European vision and hearing screening programmes. Part of the project was the development of a cost-effectiveness model to analyse such programmes. We describe the development and usability of an online tool to enable stakeholders to design, analyse or modify a newborn hearing screening (NHS) programme. Design Data from literature, from existing NHS programmes, and observations by users were used to develop and refine the tool. Required inputs include prevalence of the hearing impairment, test sequence and its timing, attendance, sensitivity, and specificity of each screening step. Outputs include the number of cases detected and the costs of screening and diagnostics. Study sample Eleven NHS programmes with reliable data. Results Three analyses are presented, exploring the effect of low attendance, number of screening steps, testing in the maternity ward, or screening at a later age, on the benefits and costs of the programme. Knowledge of the epidemiology of a staged screening programme is crucial when using the tool. Conclusions This study presents a tool intended to aid stakeholders to design a new or analyse an existing hearing screening programme in terms of benefits and costs.

Current Management of Patients with RPE65 Mutation Associated Inherited Retinal Degenerations in Europe: Results of a 2-Year Follow-Up Multinational Survey

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current management of RPE65 biallelic mutation-associated inherited retinal degeneration (RPE65-IRD) in Europe since market authorization of voretigene neparvovec (VN, LuxturnaTM) in 2018. By July 2022, over 200 patients have been treated outside the USA, of whom about 90% in Europe. We conducted among all centers of the European Vision Institute Clinical Research Network (EVICR.net) and health care providers (HCPs) of the European Reference Network dedicated to Rare Eye Diseases (ERN-EYE) the second multinational survey on management of IRDs in Europe elaborated by EVICR.net with a special focus on RPE65-IRD. Methods: An electronic survey questionnaire with 48 questions specifically addressing RPE65-IRD (2019 survey 35) was developed and sent by June 2021 to 95 EVICR.net centers and 40 ERN-EYE HCPs and affiliated members. Of note, 11 centers are members of both networks. Statistical analysis was performed with Excel and R. Results: The overall response rate was 44% (55/124); 26 centers follow RPE65 biallelic mutation-associated IRD patients. By June 2021, 8/26 centers have treated 57 RPE65-IRD cases (1–19/center, median 6) and 43 planned for treatment (range 0–10/center, median 6). The overall age range was 3–52 years, and on average 22% of the patients did not (yet) qualify for treatment (range 2–60%/center, median 15%). Main reasons were too advanced (range 0–100, median 75%) or mild disease (range 0–100, median 0). Eighty-three percent of centers (10/12) that follow RPE65 mutation-associated IRD patients treated with VN participate in the PERCEIVE registry (EUPAS31153, http://www.encepp.eu/encepp/viewResource.htm?id=37005). Quality of life and full-field stimulus test improvements had the highest scores of the survey-reported outcome parameters in VN treatment follow-up. Conclusion: This second multinational survey on management of RPE65-IRD by EVICR.net centers and ERN-EYE HCPs in Europe indicates that RPE65-IRD might be diagnosed more reliably in 2021 compared to 2019. By June 2021, 8/26 centers reported detailed results including VN treatment. Main reasons for non-treatment were too advanced or mild disease, followed by absence of 2 class 4 or 5 mutations on both alleles or because of a too young age. Patient satisfaction with treatment was estimated to be high by 50% of the centers.

The Italian Risk-Based approach for the development of an Integrated Safety Management System for Road Infrastructures and its Relations with innovative guidelines on the risk management of existing bridges

It is estimated that road infrastructure and road surroundings are a contributing factor in more than 30% of crashes. Properly maintained infrastructures can reduce the probability of road traffic accidents, while "forgiving" roads can reduce the severity of accidents that do happen.The problems affecting the road assets are of various kinds and range from the characteristics of the route to the structural aspects, to those related to many other specific aspects (e.g. safety barriers).In order to improve the safety of infrastructures and with the aim of contributing significantly to the achievement of the objectives set at the European level in Italy, the new National Safety Agency for Railways and Roads (ANSFISA) is promoting the adoption of integrated Safety Management Systems (SMSs) for the verification and maintenance of assets by the managers of the road and motorway networks.The main purpose of this paper is to illustrate the idea and the characteristics of the guidelines that ANSFISA is establishing to define new SMSs for road infrastructures, how they have been conceived starting from worldwide guidelines, how they will be certified by third party bodies, and how they manage to integrate with specific detailed rules concerning homogeneous types of assets (so-called “vertical domains”). In particular, the paper focuses on the relationship between the horizontal rules of the SMS and one of the vertical rules constituted by innovative Italian Guidelines on risk management of existing bridges.The proposed risk-based SMS model is founded on a multi-objective and multi-level approach.The SMSs, which will be certified by third-party bodies, allow the monitoring of the level of safety performance offered by each individual manager through Safety Performance Indicators (SPIs). The safety performance indicators that have been annually established are consistent with the Road State Safety Plan and with the European Vision Zero.

Current Management of Inherited Retinal Degeneration Patients in Europe: Results of a 2-Year Follow-Up Multinational Survey by the European Vision Institute Clinical Research Network – EVICR.net

Introduction: An increasing number of gene-specific therapies are being developed for inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs). Identification of well-characterized patients is an emerging need. We conducted the second multinational survey among the EVICR.net and ERN-EYE members to understand the management and treatment of IRDs in Europe and compared it to the 2019 survey. Methods: An electronic survey questionnaire was developed and sent to 124 clinical centers (25 countries) by June/July 2021. Statistical analysis was performed with Excel and R. Results: The overall response rate was 44% but varied among countries. Only 9% of responding centers do not see IRD patients (2019 survey 14%), 42% follow at least 200 patients per year, 18% follow 500–999, and 2% more than 1,000. Databases exist in 86% of the centers (local 86%; national web based 12%). IRD patients are referred to EVICR.net and ERN-EYE centers mainly by general ophthalmologists, patient self-referral, or medical retina specialists. Most IRD patients are first seen as adults. Signs and symptoms depend on age of onset: in infancy, nystagmus; at older age, night blindness and reduced visual field; reduced visual acuity is described at any age. Comprehensive ophthalmic examination always includes visual acuity and almost always visual field multimodal retinal imaging, electrophysiology, color vision testing, and refraction. Identification of genotypes is successful in 72% of centers in 40–80% of cases (2019 survey 69% of centers). The time for confirmation of the genetic diagnosis varies from 2–4 weeks to 24 months (2019 survey >4 weeks ≤10 years). Genetic testing is covered by public health service in 83%, private health insurance in 29%, research funds in 24%; 5% do not have access to genetic testing (2019 survey 15%). The most striking result is the high increase in the involvement of centers in natural history and gene therapy trials that more than doubled for the latter. Discussion: This second multinational survey on management of IRDs in Europe highlights persistent important differences in the number of IRD patients managed per center, comparable diagnostic work-up, and increasing genotyping in diagnostic laboratories. The important increase in involvement of centers in natural history and gene therapy trials reflects the rapidly evolving field of gene therapy development. The survey provides important follow-up data for researchers, clinicians, caregivers, patient advocate groups, pharmaceutical companies, and investors.

Automated Administrative Orders in Lithuania

By analyzing various sources of law, this paper provides an assessment of the method of automated administrative order that is used in Lithuania, its potential problematic risks, determined due to the chosen legal regulation, as well as the European vision of integrating technology in the implementation of the public functions of the state. After evaluating the provisions of both national law and European Union law, a proposal regarding how to improve the chosen method of incorporating algorithms into the process of adopting certain administrative orders is made.

전후 트랜스내셔널 ‘서구(Abendland)’ 운동을 통해 본 유럽통합

The central piece of the postwar Abendland movement was European integration. The historical origin of this European vision can be found in the idea of Abendland itself, which departs from the ideal of the Sacrum Imperium of the Middle Age. However, the path, on which the postwar Abendland movement had walked down as an organization in the process of its transformation into an European integration movement was extremely rugged. The so-called CEDI was cast to European stage when it was launched, and thereafter had to switch its partners multiple times in order to survive as an organization in the middle of the stormy conjuncture of the Cold War era. Its agenda was much more transnational, compared to another European movement organization based in West-Germany, i.e. Europa-Union, which belonged to the main stream movement aiming at founding a United States of Europe. The clearest transnationality of the CEDI lies in its persistent focus on the Central and Eastern Europe and the political goal of setting this region free from the Soviet’s claw.
 The decisive move of the CEDI towards this ultimate goal was the organizational merge with Paneuropean Union in 1972. The CEDI already restored its ancient pivot of the Abendland, i.e. the Central and Eastern Europe, as its main agenda through the collaboration with De Gaul France government, and it did not lose sight of this pivot again even after they split. Eventually since the CEDI merged with PEU, it properly start collaborating with the expellee’s association in West-Germany and its efforts to realize the agenda of ‘christliches Großeuropa’ led to the historical event, the Paneuropean Picnic in 1989, which made the first kick to tear down the iron curtain.

European Vision with a Focus on Access

The ESTEEM3 initiative coordinates an integrated network of the leading European Transmission Electron Microscopy installations, enabling them to pool their resources and know-how. We spoke to the coordinator of the project Prof. Dr Peter A. van Aken of the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart.

TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGES IN ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE DIGITAL AGE

The relevance of research into transformational change in organizational management and human resources in the digital age is significant in the digital age, as organizations need to develop a humanistic approach to human resources. To do this, it is necessary to change all the bottom-up management mechanisms to create an effective functioning organization in which the person is the subject of all processes. All of this suggests that modern business must be adaptive, customer- and person-centered. The transformational processes taking place due to the impact of ICT on the development of human resource management show that it is something between online and offline, a combination of the digital and physical world. To date, there are no companies in which the anthropocracy conceptual works, there are no step-by-step instructions on how to switch to amocracy. The purpose of the research is theoretical and practical transformational changing aspects in the organizational management and human resources in the digital age. Study results. 1. The impact of ICT on the development of trends in the global transformation of human resource management. 2. The place and role of organizations in transformational change are disclosed. 4. The directions of implementation of the European vision of human resource management as a factor in the development of IT trends in the digital age are clarified. 5. The concept of personnel management as a factor in the development of humanistic principles under conditions of transformational change is formed. 6. The impact of ICT on the innovative development of regenerative economy and humane human resource management is analyzed. It is concluded that business today should be adaptive and client-oriented, client-oriented and people-oriented. In a democracy, the organization is a tool that people use to improve their lives, the main issue of bureaucracy is how to get people to better serve the goals of the organization. Leaders must adopt new people-centered principles and apply them to their organizations. The development of cloud platforms will help create products with a fundamentally new architecture - more flexible and scalable. The model of organization based on the concept of anthropocracy is a humanistic view aimed at people, relationships, empowerment, competence development, "the person who stands above everything." At the heart of aorganizational activity is a redefinition of economics as a subsystem of society and nature, as a tool for achieving a socially just and environmentally sustainable future, and a humanistic approach to managing organizations and human resources.