European TV Research Articles

European TV in the 2020s: challenges and development trends

European TV in the 2020s: challenges and development trends

Editorial

This issue consists of six articles that have already been published via Online First and two book reviews. These cover themes such as the sustainability of media business models, Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD) rules in the European Union, sport TV and public policy.

Peculiarities of proper names adaptation through using strategies of transcreation, domestication and foreignization during film translation of Chinese TV shows

The article is dedicated to the peculiarities of adapting proper names through using such translation strategies as transcreation, domestication, and foreignization during film translation of Chinese TV shows. It has been defined that the field of translation studies, which focuses on the study of the translation segment of Chinese film products, is relatively young, and therefore requires more detailed research, due to the growing popularity of Chinese television series among Ukrainian viewers. The concept of “series” as a separate genre of cinematography has been specified. Common features of movies and TV series audiovisual translation are demonstrated. A detailed explanation of the concept of “Chinese drama” is provided and the main features of this Asian television show type are enumerated. By conducting the survey, it is shown that the Ukrainian audience prefers American and European TV shows to Chinese ones. The main statement of the skopos-theory is investigated and its use in film translation of series is analyzed. It is established that transferring the system of cultural values of the source language to the target language affects the perception of the film translation by the recipient. Methods of transcreation, domestication, and foreignization, are detailed. The practical use of translation strategies during the adaptation of proper names, that belong to such categories as characters names, names of weapons and architectural structures, is investigated. It has been proven that all three translation strategies can be applied to adapt proper names in film translation. It has been also proven that these translation strategies can be leveraged simultaneously to translate a proper name in film translation. It is supposed to encourage students’ practical use of the film translation standards to translate Chinese film products. Prospective research areas of film translation of Chinese television shows are enumerated.

The Study of Feminism Based on Peaky Blinders

This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the "Peaky Blinders" from the aspects of role setting and plot arrangement from the standpoint of feminism, and tries to explain the breakthrough of the play in reshaping the female image and constructing the main body of female mainstream ideology. In the "Peaky Blinders", we can see the development process of feminist creative ideas from "the initial stage of essentialism tendency" to "the transitional stage of collision and integration of different feminist ideas" to "the experimental stage of trying a variety of feminist expressions" and then to "the personality stage of giving up ideas and free expression" which reflects women's recovery of initiative, women are the core and master their own emotional life. Through the analysis of the origin and development of feminism and the creation of female characters in the "Peaky Blinders", this paper reveals the great significance of female characters and tries to provide ideas for the process of creating them in film and television works for the long-term production. European and American female TV dramas can be regarded as an early and systematic bold practice of "she culture" in the field of film and television popular culture, providing rich content and various types of image texts. The image world in European and American female TV dramas corresponds to the real life under "her culture". It can be seen that European and American female TV dramas are new cultural products, which are closely related to the culture of the times and echo each other, which are its advantages. However, how to develop and improve in the future, how to develop new ideas and enrich the meaning of the text, and maintain fresh vitality and keen cultural insight are what European and American female TV dramas should think and adjust at this stage.

Accessibility of public health information on COVID-19 outbreak: Analysis of the first European official TV releases

Due to co-morbidity, persons with disabilities are among the most endangered groups, and in terms of mortality, they are among the worst affected groups in the crisis caused by global pandemics. This crisis has extremely increased inequality and social exclusion of persons with disabilities regarding access to public health information. This paper investigates the extent to which European states have made the AV content of the announcements of the COVID-19 pandemic accessible to hearing-impaired persons. A content analysis was conducted at the beginning of the pandemiological measures (February/March 2020) introduced in the sample states. An analysis unit consists of the first TV broadcasts released with official statements of the EU member states (N=27), European Economic Area states (N=3) and Switzerland, as well as official video releases of the World Health Organization and the European Commission (N=2). From the total analyzed TV deliberate sample (N=33), a total of eight official sources provided accessibility of health information to hearing-impaired persons using a sign language interpreter; 12 sources provided subtitles, and 11 sources did not provide any form of accessible information regarding the official proclamation of the COVID-19 pandemic (including the WHO’s television release). Only four national official sources ensured full accessibility to the content of the announcement. The obtained results demonstrate the real situation characterized by insufficient social inclusion and protection of the right to information and communication and the violation of the right to health and healthy living of persons with disabilities at the European level. These results are contrary to globally adopted regulations and proclaimed protection of fundamental rights and freedoms and rights arising under the instrument of international solidarity. It is necessary to increase the level of consciousness of a community’s global social responsibility, especially in the TV media, with the purpose of the total inclusion of hearing-impaired persons in the public space. The mission of higher education institutions should include overcoming poor media social responsibility by adopting digital accessibility mechanisms and improving the intercultural skills of future media professionals.

First Author Spotlight.

AnnouncementFirst Author SpotlightPublished Online:28 Mar 2022https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2022.322.4.AUMoreSectionsPDF (372 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations HANNAH M. COSTELLODepartment of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FloridaFigure 1.Hannah CostelloDownload figureDownload PowerPointHannah Costello is a postdoctoral fellow in Dr. Michelle Gumz’s laboratory at the University of Florida in the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics. She completed her British Heart Foundation-funded PhD in 2021 at the University of Edinburgh. Her research interest focuses on the role of the adrenal and kidney clock in blood pressure regulation. In her spare time, she enjoys traveling, hiking, and reading [Photo: Fig. 1].https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00385.2021LAUREN G. DOUMADepartment of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FloridaFigure 2.Lauren DoumaDownload figureDownload PowerPointLauren Douma is a Research Assistant Professor at the University of Florida in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. She completed her PhD in Genetics and Genomics at the University of Florida. In 2017, she began her postdoctoral fellowship with Dr. Michelle Gumz and since then has been studying the role of the kidney molecular circadian clock in blood pressure regulation. Additionally, she teaches undergraduate- and graduate-level biochemistry and molecular biology courses. She enjoys running, baking, and reading comic books in her free time [Photo: Fig. 2].https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00385.2021RADMILA MICANOVICDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IndianaFigure 3.Dr. Radmila MicanovicDownload figureDownload PowerPointDr. Radmila Micanovic is an Assistant Research Professor of Medicine at the Indiana University School of Medicine in the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension. She is a researcher and laboratory manager in Dr. Tarek El-Ashkar’s laboratory, a Principal Investigator of the same Division. Prior to joining the Indiana University School of Medicine, she spent 20 yr working in the pharmaceutical industry in drug discovery. She earned her PhD in Biochemistry from the University of Wyoming and completed her postdoctoral studies at the former Roche Institute of Molecular Biology. Her BS degree in Molecular Biology and Physiology was completed in her home country, at the University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia. Her current work with Dr. El-Achkar focuses on the role of Tamm-Horsfall protein in renal physiology and in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury. Away from the laboratory, she enjoys great literature, movies, and European TV shows [Photo: Fig. 3].https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00322.2021SUMIT R. MONUDivision of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MichiganFigure 4.Sumit R. MonuDownload figureDownload PowerPointSumit R. Monu is currently an Instructor-II in the Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research (Internal Medicine) at Henry Ford Hospital and an affiliate Assistant Professor at Wayne State University. He completed his Veterinary Medicine degree (DVM) from Madras Veterinary College, India, and did his PhD at the University of Toledo School of Medicine. Currently, he is working on unraveling the role/mechanism of altered renal hemodynamics in kidney damage commonly seen in obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Away from the laboratory, he enjoys traveling along with his wife, Mani, and playing with his son, Neil, and is fond of great food and music [Photo: Fig. 4].https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00307.2021This article has no references to display. Download PDF Back to Top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Related ArticlesKidney-specific KO of the circadian clock protein PER1 alters renal Na+ handling, aldosterone levels, and kidney/adrenal gene expression 15 Mar 2022American Journal of Physiology-Renal PhysiologyThe kidney releases a nonpolymerizing form of uromodulin in the urine and circulation that retains the external hydrophobic patch domain 15 Mar 2022American Journal of Physiology-Renal PhysiologyDecreased tubuloglomerular feedback response in high-fat diet-induced obesity 15 Mar 2022American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology More from this issue > Volume 322Issue 4April 2022Pages i-ii Crossmark Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 the American Physiological Society.https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2022.322.4.AUPubMed35344383History Published online 28 March 2022 Published in print 1 April 2022 Metrics

Organizing for permanent beta: performance measurement before vs performance monitoring after release of digital services

PurposeDue to the complexity of digital services, companies are increasingly forced to offer their services “in permanent beta”, requiring continuous fine-tuning and updating. Complexity makes it extremely difficult to predict when and where the next service disruption will occur. The authors examine what this means for performance measurement in digital service supply chains.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a mixed-method research design that combines a longitudinal case study of a European digital TV service provider and a system dynamics simulation analysis of that service provider's digital service supply chain.FindingsWith increased levels of complexity, traditional performance measurement methods, focused on detection of software bugs before release, become fragile or futile. The authors find that monitoring the performance of the service after release, with fast mitigation when service incidents are discovered, appears to be superior. This involves organizational change when traditional methods, like quality assurance, become less important.Research limitations/implicationsThe performance of digital services needs to be monitored by combining automated data collection about the status of the service with data interpretation using human expertise. Investing in human expertise is equally important as investing in automated processes.Originality/valueThe authors draw on unique empirical data collected from a digital service provider's struggle with performance measurement of its service over a period of nine years. The authors use simulations to show the impact of complexity on staff allocation.

Images of the European Crisis: Populism and Contemporary Crime TV Series

During the last two decades a dramatic shift in the production and distribution strategies of TV series has taken place on a global level. This article discusses how these broad changes also led to a transformation in the form and the themes of European crime series, which emerge as ideal objects to study the representation of European societies in contemporary popular culture. The article looks at recent serial crime dramas such as La casa de papel, Suburra, and Peaky Blinders, which have abandoned the classic formula of European crime TV series, usually focused on the figure of the detective and primarily addressed to a national audience. Designed for an international market, these series provocatively concentrate on the figure of the criminal and adopt an explicitly sensationalist approach. The article argues that this style and the bleak depiction of European society in these series are both an expression and a critical representation of the rise of populism across the Old Continent.

Homes of Crimes Social Stratification as Location Strategy in the Hungarian Family Crime DramaAranyélet‘Golden Life’

AbstractHBO Hungary’s original series,Aranyélet, proves to be an interesting case study in terms of location strategies in Eastern European TV shows. It is refreshing in the sense that – contrary to other TV programmes attempting to showcase life in Budapest – it does not feel the need to represent locality by swamping the viewer with iconic tourist destinations of the capital. Instead, the characteristic “Hungarianness” of the show appears through displaying personal living spaces of people from a wide range of socio-cultural backgrounds, all of which represent the typical Hungarian strata.In our paper, we have used a simplified categorization of social classes apparent in Hungarian society and connected these groups with characters ofAranyélet. Then, we have scrutinized the living spaces of these characters as represented in the show, paying special attention to their likely location, furnishing, building materials, and general condition. By this analysis, we aim to prove that the show tries to create an alternative mental map of Budapest and its population, covering all strata of society with painting a picture of their lifestyle and living conditions.Our paper draws on the work of Kim Toft Hansen and Anne Marit Waade, who, in their volumeLocating Nordic Noir – From Beck to The Bridge, place a large emphasis on aspects of location studies in contemporary Scandinavian crime.

An approach to the implementation of neuromarketing techniques by European private TV broadcasters

Changes on media context urge companies to adopt alternative and innovative strategies for decision-making regarding audience’s habits and preferences. In this respect, the neuroscience methodology provides an appealing option to analyze consumers’ viewing experience. This paper aims to determine the impact of neuromarketing on TV channels for the latter purpose, through an in-depth review and a survey addressed to analyze the use of this methodology by European private broadcasters. The results achieved point to the potential of neuromarketing to improve efficacy of linear and non-linear TV commercial spaces, as well as to design television contents and to optimize the impact of social TV and multiscreen viewing.

Problems and Prospects of Introduction of the European Sound Standard R128

Науковий рецензований журнал відкритого доступу, що публікує статті з актуальних питань загальнотеоретичних, мистецьких, історичних, практичних аспектів у галузі аудіовізуального мистецтва та виробництва.

Concept for Common European TV Channel

One of the problems, which lies ahead of the EU and the European Integration is how can people from different nationalities learn more about each other. In this problem, there is a severe lacking of progress. Thus, in light of European’s people natural desire of better understanding and successful collaboration in the advancement of common European values, comes the need of a Pan-European TV channel. ТV PanEurope+ will help in an effective way for the common understanding of the history, the culture, the tourism, the customs of the European people.

Domestic TV in the European Television Space Context

Науковий рецензований журнал відкритого доступу, що публікує статті з актуальних питань загальнотеоретичних, мистецьких, історичних, практичних аспектів у галузі аудіовізуального мистецтва та виробництва.

TV format sector consolidation and its impact on the configuration and ‘stickiness’ of the UK entertainment production market

Abstract This article is concerned with the consolidation of European TV format production companies during the first two decades of the twenty-first century and its likely impact on the configuration and long-term sustainability of the world’s leading format production market, the United Kingdom. Theoretically and methodologically influenced by various approaches – critical political economy, meso-level television industries research and scholarship concerned with the locational choice of economic activity – this exploratory study combines the macro-picture of consolidation at the European and international level with a fine-grained case study of the UK television market. It discloses an ecology faced with a range of opportunities and threats, likely to result in marked and enduring changes to UK entertainment.

El vampiro: de conde misterioso a estrella del rock y vuelta al ataúd

El presente artículo plantea un breve repaso a la evolución del mito y arquetipo del vampiro desde sus orígenes en el folclore europeo hasta nuestros días, con el vampiro de Polidori como primera manifestación literaria del mito y los vampiros de The Strain como últimos representantes de la cultura popular occidental. De este modo el legendario europeo, la literatura occidental y la cultura de la pequeña y la gran pantalla a finales del siglo xx y comienzos del xxi se integran en un estudio cuya pretensión es trazar la evolución de un arquetipo muy antiguo que sobrevive gracias a la adaptación y al cambio. Por último, se esboza una hipótesis de evolución a partir de la última aparición del vampiro en nuestras pantallas: The Strain.

Reflecting on faith and feminism

As we hear news of yet another Western hostage being beheaded at the hands of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) jihadists, the USA and European TV studios are increasingly filled with politicians, sociologists and psychiatrists trying to answer a question: how come so many young Muslim men who grew up in the West are leaving everything behind to join ISIS? A number of arguments are put forward. Proponents of right-wing, essentialist politics have a simple answer: those men are Muslim immigrants who never adopted Western democratic values anyway, simply because Islam as faith is foreign to such values, it is a pre-modern religion whose very scriptures inspire and support barbarous and murderous practices. The fact of age - the youth of those men - is often left out and the focus is on how barbarous religion produces barbarous men. Liberal, non-essentialist views evoke a set of push and pull factors: a feeling of exclusion from the Western societies in which those young Muslim men grew up, and a romantic, idealist search for inclusion into a more welcoming community. The stories of transformation of the young men from nice guys to hardened fundamentalist abound, pointing the finger at Islamist preachers in neighbourhood mosques who prey on the middle-class immigrant kids, the governments that lost control over security issues, and the dangers of Islamic fundamentalism. Yet other experts bring into discussion the racism and Islamophobia of the West more explicitly, debating the ways these are manifested in education, housing, or job markets and the ways they affect young Muslim men in particular. Here, the young men who travel from the West to join ISIS appear as naive youth, victims of indifferent or outright inimical Western societies. Some of those debates seem to share a concern that has less to do with the fact that young Muslim men from the West are going 'over-there' to kill other Muslims (or, even, the Westerners) than with the fear that those young men will come back to the West and start killing 'us', 'over-here'.... Language: en

Food safety practices in European TV cooking shows

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine how well cooking shows promote safe food handling via TV and to suggest their use for providing good hygiene and good cooking practices examples for consumers. Design/methodology/approach – Principal component analysis was applied for the multivariate statistical analysis of the cooking shows, the components being: personal hygiene, cross-contamination, cooking and storing practices and risk communication. Data were collected via a questionnaire special designed for the purpose of the study. The positive attributes were converted into numbers using a nine-point Likert scale. This conversion enabled ranking of the cooking shows as a function of the total results obtained and considering the best show as the one with the maximum score attained. Findings – Evaluation of cooking practices by food safety professionals highlighted the most frequent safety errors and poor practices that are disseminated by the TV shows. Practical implications – While the repetition of good food handling and cooking practices risks antagonizing viewers, an increase in occasional emphasis of good hygiene would be of benefit to domestic viewers and potentially improve food safety practices among the public. Originality/value – This is the first study that gives an European perspective on presentation of safety practices during food handling and preparation in a range of TV cooking shows as it examines 19 such shows broadcasted in six European countries over three months. Adherence to food safety standards and introduction of a star rating system for safety practices in TV cooking shows is proposed.

Special Issue on Social Recommendation and Delivery Systems for Video and TV Content

Interactive video and TV content has become available in many settings which include the web, mobile devices, and desktop applications, as well as smart TVs. Although the above multimedia developments (e.g., Web-based TV, IPTV, and broadcast TV) have followed parallel or even competing paths, there is a set of underlying common themes that regard the users, as creators, distributors, and viewers of content. In the past, broadcast developments have been in competition with video streaming approaches, and the TV as device has been in conflict with the PC. Nevertheless, the convergence of network and rendering platforms has made such distinctions somewhat superficial. In particular, there are significant research issues that regard the social and the personal preferences of the user. Thus, the recommendation and delivery of multimedia content requires attention to significant research issues, such as semantics, pragmatics, and user preferences. The main goals of this special issue is to assess current approaches, systems, and applications, to evaluate how they treat the main issues of recommending and delivering video and TV content, as well as to propose novel designs for future multimedia systems. This special issue had both direct submissions to our call for papers as well as submissions of papers presented at the 9th European Interactive TV and Video conference (EuroiTV’11), held in Lisbon, Portugal from June 29 to July 1 2011. These conference papers have been significantly extended from their conference originals through more indepth literature reviews and further results and analysis. From this pool and after thorough peer reviewing, we have included six papers in this issue, two of which came from extended versions of EuroiTV’11 conference papers and the other four from direct submissions. In this special issue, Kyoko Ariyasu, Hiroshi Fujisawa and Shyunji Sunasaki present the design and field trial evaluation of their system that leverages Twitter messages to drive recommendation services. The algorithms rely on auxiliary programme information and the time series of Twitter messages along with their similarity as input. The system achieves correct topic extraction rates of 85 % for messages with matching entries in programme metadata, 65 % for messages with matches in the closed-caption data of a programme, and has a 66 % correct sentiment classification of messages. Faustino Angel Sanchez, Marta Barrilero, Federico Alvarez, and Guillermo Cisneros describe their TV recommender systems, which models user interest in content from consumption data. The system uses hidden Markov models and Bayesian inference to compute user interest in real time and its recommendation, which were very satisfactory after a week of use and have been verified through questionnaires. It improves over previous research by the introduction of connected items and a notion of global interest, which takes into consideration the changes in users’ taste tendencies. Heung-Nam Kim, Mark Bloess and Abdulmotaleb El Saddik propose Folkommender, a recommender system G. Lekakos (&) Department of Management Science and Technology, Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece e-mail: glekakos@aueb.gr

Pluralism of the system, pluralism in the system

This comparative study aims to better understand the natural link between democracy and media systems, a link that is, paradoxically, as strong as it is delicate. The research analyzes two cases, the UK and Italy, with the purpose of clarifying the different ways in which media pluralism can be pursued and achieved. The study reveals that although nearly all of the main European TV networks rely on a public–private structure, significant differences arise in how this structure takes shape and in the policy outcomes according to the context. Furthermore, by presenting a set of primary and secondary data, the author aims to demonstrate that although the objectives that various policies aim to achieve might be similar in advanced democracies, the nature of media diversity may be strongly affected by both contingent elements (such as the Berlusconi factor in Italy) and structural factors (such as the media-system model of each country).

The European TV Market

Western Europe is a mature market for televisions and a challenging one for set makers who hope to entice consumers to upgrade for the sake of new features.