European Dimension Research Articles

Immigrants’ condition of expulsability: a comparative approach to the German and French legal framework

This paper examines recent amendments to French and German immigration law aimed at accelerating and enhancing the expulsion of unwanted immigrants of the territory. The main normative changes resulting from these reforms, entailing an unprecedented retraction of legal safeguards against expulsion and significantly exacerbating immigrant’s condition of expulsability, will be presented in comparative terms, without losing sight of the European dimension. Specifically, these reforms shape immigrant’s expulsable presence on the territory through three aspects: an increase on the precariousness of foreigner status, a reduction of the sphere of freedom needed to lead a dignified life and an expansion of exceptionality that obliges us to reconsider our social contract to include a human-rights based approach to immigration.

The 2024 European Parliament Elections in Spain: National and European Dimensions

The 2024 European Parliament Elections in Spain: National and European Dimensions

Innovative approaches to management of professional and creative development in higher education: teaching specializations in the european dimension

Innovative approaches to management of professional and creative development in higher education: teaching specializations in the european dimension

Internationalization of Ukrainian Universities: European, National, and Institutional Dimensions

Internationalization of Ukrainian Universities: European, National, and Institutional Dimensions

The Europeanization of Honour: Wehrmacht Veterans and European Integration in the 1950s

This article analyses the Europeanization of West German associations of Wehrmacht veterans in the 1950s. Using archival sources concerning the foundation of a European veterans’ umbrella organisation, the article argues that the veterans’ attempts at political reassertion in the post-war decades cannot be understood without accounting for their European dimension. Indeed, the veterans considered their European outreach to be a core pillar of their ‘politics of honour’, which manifested itself mainly in the agitation for the war criminals in Allied custody. Thus, aiming to establish themselves as effective and legitimate interest representatives, the veterans Europeanized. This process was consciously modelled after the ongoing process of integration while simultaneously exhibiting distinct characteristics stemming from the veterans themselves. The article tracks the veterans’ transnational interactions, their competitive dynamics in West German associational politics and the veterans’ associational interests to explain their specific form of an alternative Europeanization.

European Solidarity Takes the Field: The Dimensional Structure of Political Competition in the European Union After the Polycrisis

AbstractMost studies investigating the dimensionality of political space in Europe demonstrate that European Union (EU)‐related issues are orthogonal to the economic left–right dimension. This literature usually employs survey items tapping into general support for the EU. However, the multiple crises that hit Europe after 2008 have polarized even Europhile voters on the more specific issue of European solidarity. This article aims to investigate how voters' attitudes towards European solidarity interplay with their position on the left–right and European integration dimensions, as well as specific economic and cultural issues. Empirical analyses employ original survey data collected in 2019 in 10 EU countries. Results partially support the expectations of regional differences in the dimensionality of the political space, with European solidarity more strongly associated with left–right, EU integration and immigration in Northern EU member states than in Eastern and Southern countries, in which voters are more likely to support solidarity notwithstanding their general political orientations.

The Problems of National Identity in Contemporary Germany in an International Context

The article analyzes the influence of the current international situation on the concept of German identity. The main elements that form the basis of contemporary German self-consciousness are identified. The author explores the relationship between the regional, national, and supranational components of German self-identification, examining the persistent mental “divide” between the new (former GDR) and the old lands (West Germany). Special attention is paid to the challenges posed for the Federal Republic of Germany in terms of historical discourse and memorial practices by the influx of migrants from the Middle East and North Africa. The role of the 2023 Palestine-Israel escalation in the transformation of the national narrative is separately examined. The article also evaluated the conflict around Ukraine as a factor in strengthening the European dimension of German identity.Among the key methods used by the author are content analysis of speeches by German officials, analysis of legislation and media. In addition, logical, chronological, and comparative-historical methods were applied. All this in aggregate led to the following conclusions. The Federal Republic of Germany is undergoing a systemic and multidimensional identity crisis. The main challenge is finding a balance between historical responsibility, transatlantic commitments, and national interests. The goal of the German establishment is to formulate a new national idea, which includes defining the role and place of Germany in the world, forming a value consensus regarding migrants, and overcoming the alienation between the east and west of the country. However, in the post-1990 world order, such a large-scale task remains rather impossible for the current elites.

Prospects for the development of constitutional principles of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen

The article substantiates the need for further development of the constitutional principles of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen in Ukraine. In order to solve this task, the current legislation in the field of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen was analyzed, recognizing that the Constitution of Ukraine created an effective constitutional and legal basis for further law-making and rule-making activities of state structures regarding the principles of the constitutional status of a person and a citizen. At the current stage of state formation, the observance of human rights in Ukraine is connected with the legal trend of their recognition at the state-legal level. It should be noted that they are enshrined in various international legal acts, and above all, they are aimed at the development of rights and freedoms, as well as individual guarantees. The problems of the real guarantee of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen within the framework of their consolidation in the constitutional principles of the legal status of a person and a citizen, as well as the question of the actual state of the position of these things, rarely become the subject of scientific research. It is this that determines the need to research the aspect of the prospects for the development of the principles of the constitutional status of a person and a citizen, as well as the elements and mechanisms of its implementation. It is argued that the modern constitutional development of Ukraine in the context of the European dimension of political transformations determines the problem of rethinking the role and meaning of the constitutional principles of the status of a person and a citizen in Ukraine in the process of forming a new legal reality. It was determined that despite the establishment of the basic principles of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen in the Constitution of Ukraine, there is an urgent need for their further development in the context of building a modern democratic legal state. A conclusion is made about the special role and significance of modern transformations of constitutional norms, which highlight the status of a person and a citizen, for the sake of normal and harmonious formation of prospects for the development of the principles of the constitutional status of a person and a citizen, and the introduction of appropriate changes to the Constitution of Ukraine.

Planning for a Post-American Europe

Donald Trump’s possible return as US president has again raised the spectre of the United States’ abandoning its central role in the European security order. Given the profound polarisation and insularity that has arisen in US politics, transatlantic relations might not readily return to the traditional comfort zone even if Joe Biden is re-elected. In Europe, vigorous public discussion has arisen on ramping up defence-industrial capabilities to help Ukraine and to reduce European dependence on the US; on the future of US extended nuclear deterrence; and on France’s readiness to give a specifically European dimension to nuclear deterrence. Europe’s ability to prepare constructively for a diminished American security role will hinge on the European trend of rising populist-fuelled authoritarianism, and on the customary difficulty France and Germany have in crafting a joint approach to strategic planning.

THE ROLE OF ACCREDITATION IN ENSURING THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE

The article examines the problems and prospects of the accreditation system as a tool for ensuring the quality of higher education in Ukraine. The state and peculiarities of integration of the Ukrainian accreditation system into the European context are investigated. The purpose of this study is to analyse the accreditation system of higher education in Ukraine and to study its impact on ensuring the quality of education in accordance with European standards. The emphasis is placed on analysing the theoretical and practical aspects of accreditation in Ukraine, identifying problems and opportunities for further improvement. The study uses general scientific methods. The method of documentary analysis was also used. The article examines topical issues related to the accreditation system of higher education in Ukraine, in particular the factors that affect its effectiveness and compliance with European standards. The analysis of the state of integration of the Ukrainian accreditation system into the European dimension has revealed key challenges and prospects. The theoretical aspect of the study highlights the conceptual foundations of accreditation, its goals, and impact on the quality of education. The practical analysis revealed problems such as the lack of a unified assessment methodology and insufficient coordination between accreditation bodies. The results of the study can serve as a basis for developing specific strategies and recommendations to improve the effectiveness of accreditation and maintain higher quality standards in Ukrainian higher education. The article emphasises that accreditation is an important tool for monitoring and ensuring the quality of higher education in Ukraine. It serves not only as a mechanism for determining the compliance of higher education institutions with the established standards but also guarantees a high standard of education and compliance with academic standards. Recommendations for improving the quality of higher education in Ukraine are proposed, taking into account the European experience in the field of accreditation. The study emphasises the importance of affinity with European models and the need for active cooperation to ensure a high standard of quality of higher education in Ukraine.

Knee-Related Quality of Life Compared Between 20 and 35 Years After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Treated Surgically With Primary Repair or Reconstruction, or Nonsurgically

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is affected up to 5 years after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Knee impairment and osteoarthritis (OA) development increase over time, and this may affect QoL at a long-term follow-up. Purpose: To investigate changes in health- and knee-related QoL between 20 and 35 years after ACL injury and compare it between patients treated with or without ACL surgery, as well as to study how symptomatic OA (SOA) is associated with change in QoL. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Between 1980 and 1983, 139 patients with acute ACL rupture were allocated to surgical or nonsurgical treatment of the ACL. Both groups completed a structured rehabilitation program. Of those patients, 59 were followed for 20 and 35 years after ACL rupture. After 10 crossovers, 33 patients were treated with primary repair or ACL reconstruction, and 26 were treated without ACL surgery. Combined radiographic OA and knee symptoms at 35 years was defined as SOA. QoL was assessed at 20 and 35 years after injury with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score QoL (KOOS-QoL) subscale (range, 1-100), ACL-QoL questionnaire (total score and 5 subscales; range, 1-100), European QoL–5 Dimensions Questionnaire, and visual analog scale. Results were analyzed with paired and independent-sample t tests and chi-square tests. Results: Knee-related QoL was impaired at both 20 and 35 years after ACL injury, and differences were dependent on the measurement outcome. In the total cohort, KOOS-QoL did not change but both total ACL-QoL score (7.1 points; 95% CI, 2.2-11.9) and 4 of 5 subscales (5-10 points) decreased (P < .05). No differences were found between treatment groups. QoL decreased overall in patients with SOA, with a 21-point difference within-group change in KOOS-QoL (SOA or non-SOA) between 20 and 35 years of follow-up (P = .001; Cohen d = 1.0). Conclusion: An ACL injury impairs knee-related QoL for up to 35 years, with no difference between treatment approaches (initial repair or later reconstruction compared with nonsurgical treatment). The deterioration decreases with longer follow-up. Clinicians should be aware of differences in QoL depending on the measurement outcome.

"The Last Act in the Tragedy of Judaism": Stalinist Antisemitism, the American Jewish Committee, and French Holocaust Memory in the Cold War

Abstract: Beginning in 1952, the New York-based American Jewish Committee (AJC) spearheaded a transatlantic effort to stigmatize Stalinist antisemitism through direct historical comparison with the recent Nazi genocide of European Jewry. In France, home to the AJC's European headquarters, the project of tarring Stalin with Hitler's brush spurred an unprecedented flood of discourse about the Holocaust. However, the narrative that emerged among participating French intellectuals—Jewish and non-Jewish—elided the genocide's Western European dimensions. This article analyzes the AJC's French-language journal Évidences comparatively alongside its American sister journal, Commentary , and contextually against documentation from the AJC archives in order to argue that the politics of the early Cold War did not simply impede Holocaust memory in the West; rather, anti-totalitarian projects produced framings of the genocide that relied on and replicated the Cold War's own temporal and geographic logics.

Aksjologia prawa a prawa człowieka. Kilka uwag teoretycznych w perspektywie integracji wewnętrznej nauk prawnych

The aim of the article is to link two research problems. The first of them concerns the determination of the relationship between the axiology of law and human rights. The task of the second is a presentation of this relationship from the perspective of the internal integration of legal sciences. The article explains the mutual relations between the axiology of law and human rights. The following theses are proposed. The first is that human rights, due to their axiological character, are an integral part of the axiology of the entire legal system. At the level of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, these are included in the rules of the state system. In essence, they contribute to building an integrated value system. The second thesis materializes in the statement that human rights integrate not only the branches of law, but also legal sciences. They are present in every branch of law, i.e. in constitutional, criminal and civil law, labour law, legal theory and international law. They become the subject of scientific reflection in various legal sciences. For these reasons, human rights perform very important functions in the internal integration of legal sciences. The third thesis concerns the level of international law. Human rights, through the European protection system, integrate the European legal space. The protection standards of the European Court of Human Rights play the main role. They contribute to building a common European axiological dimension of human rights.

The semantics of the names of Luo Maishuo’s Piano Etudes as the transformation of traditional national images

The semantics of the names of Luo Maishuo’s Piano Etudes as the transformation of traditional national images

Avrupa Birliği Eğitim Politikalarının Ortaöğretim ve Yükseköğretim Çerçevesinde Türkiye Eğitim Politikaları Açısından İncelenmesi

When evaluated in terms of Turkey's education policies, it can be said that the orientation of the education system remains mostly at the individual level, and the determined goals do not determine the direction of economic development. The Council of the European Union expects contributions from education in the direction of ensuring individual development, ensuring social development based on democracy, and raising the human power required by the economic and technological revolution. Education is seen as the main tool in eliminating the negative effects of globalization, information society and technological developments. The role of education in this process is to ensure full access to information for everyone and to develop the capacity of individuals to participate in economic life. It can be said that the main expectations for education in Turkey, where the literacy rate is low and girls are not sent to school, are in the direction of increasing the literacy rate and attracting the population of the age, especially female students, to the education system. The application of the European Dimension, which is one of the most prominent concepts here, differs according to school types and steps. While applications based on personal experiences are mostly included in primary education, the European Dimension is associated with the relevant career process in vocational education. Secondary education in the European Union is considered as the level of education where qualified manpower and individuals who will lead Europe's competition policies will be trained, and it is included in the scope of compulsory education in the vast majority of countries in the European Union. For this reason, completing secondary education in the European Union is at least as important as completing primary education. At the same time, the European Union considers the transformation of higher education mandatory. The necessity of this transformation in higher education is brought about by old forces such as state and public pressure for responsibility and transparency, costs, effectiveness, quality assurance and efficiency, as well as new forces such as new stakeholders of higher education, rapid changes in technology, changing social demands for renewable skills in the global era. Key Words: Education Policies, Secondary Education, Higher Education, European Union

The Future of National Identity in Bulgaria

The article is grounded in a 2021 national survey exploring the modern identity of Bulgarian citizens, undertaken as part of the National and European Dimensions of the Modern Identity of Bulgarian Citizens project, supported by the National Science Fund. It delves into the shifts occurring in the national identity of Bulgarians amid increased global mobility and communication between ethnicities and nations. This trend challenges traditional notions of national borders, eroding the insularity of national cultures and fostering a sense of supranational identity. Comparing two regions within Bulgaria—the Veliko Tarnovo district, predominantly inhabited by ethnic Bulgarians, and the Kardzhali district, characterized by an ethnically diverse populace, with a notable Turkish ethnic majority—the article examines the evolution of these processes. Despite signs suggesting a weakening of national identity and the emergence of supranational identities (such as European or global citizen) alongside indications of local identity formation, the research findings reveal that, presently, national identity remains the primary and guiding factor in the self-identification of Bulgarian citizens.

Future-Making in the European Capitals of Culture

The article deals with the concept of future-making and its European (i.e., EU) dimension in the context of European Capital of Culture projects. The analysis is based on two case studies – Rijeka 2020 and Nova Gorica 2025. The authors focus on ECoC bid books and other strategic documents that give insight into the desired legacy of the event and the (re) positioning of each city on the cultural and political map of Europe through the transposition of relevant European topics into local contexts. They examine the visions of the anticipated urban development that is hoped to occur as a direct consequence of the project’s implementation.

Centres of Vocational Excellence and the Implementation of Strategic Priorities for Skills Development in Vocational Education and Training

This article comments on the European dimension in vocational education through the application of the Centres of Vocational Excellence Initiative. Conceptual and strategic orientations for skills development as part of VET policies are described. Key European documents that set priorities for preparing a quality workforce through a focus on skills are identified. Particular attention is given to the Centres of Vocational Excellence as an opportunity to create local skills ecosystems for innovation and social inclusion. Conclusions are reached towards a strategic vision for the acquisition of vocational and key competences through the provision of high quality vocational education and training.

France’s Migration Policy under President E. Macron: A European Dimension

This article explores the current approach of France to the issue of regulating migration in the context of Emmanuel Macron’s European diplomacy. Today the French government believes that taking part in the elaboration of a common EU migration and asylum policy is a necessary addition to the measures at home, paying particular attention to this topic since 2017. On the basis of public speeches, international documents and the elements of comparative analysis, the article summarizes the main initiatives put forward by France at European level and the challenges they faced. It points out that a part of Emmanuel Macron’s proposals regarding the governance of the Schengen area and the strengthening of the external borders control was implemented to some extent (taking into account the buildup of border capacities or the establishment of the “Schengen Council”), even if these proposals did not fully correspond to his initial project. On the contrary, France’s bilateral relations with its major neighbors (Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom or Italy) demonstrated a generally controversial dynamics because the partnerships on migration issues clearly depended on the political parties in power. In this regard, Italy, with the pro-European periods quickly followed by sovereignist shifts, looks like a particularly illustrative example. Moreover, numerous steps proposed by Paris to deal with the migration fl ows outside Europe often lacked any details and common ground with the partners. This is particularly noticeable in the African direction where French eff orts, from settling regional confl icts to restoring dialogue with Maghreb countries, produced insuffi cient results. The article concludes that from 2017 to 2023, France continued to seek balance between “responsible” and “solidarity-based” approaches to migration policy at the European level, and this would be the case until the end of current presidency. Yet, in 2027, the situation could change according to ideological preferences of Macron’s successor.

The Right to Marry and the Right to Establish a Family in the Universal, European and Polish Dimension

Abstract The subject of the article is an analysis of the human right to marry and the right to establish a family. The author considers the guarantees of this right in three areas. The first one is the universal dimension, the essence of which are the documents guaranteeing the protection of human rights adopted by the United Nations: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights. In the European dimension, the most important is Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights, ensuring the right to marry for a man and a woman who have reached the appropriate age. In the Polish national dimension, Article 18 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997 solidified the existing traditional form of marriage, i.e. the state of a union between a man and a woman. It also ensures the care and protection of the state to families created on the basis of a formally concluded marriage, as well as to other families, especially those with many children and incomplete families. According to the author, the right to get married and the right to found a family are connected and complementary, but the right to start a family can be exercised independently of getting married.