During winter and spring of 1968–69, soil cores were taken from 4 diverse woodlots in the Iowa State University Arboretum, Story County, Ames (Wonio 1970). Among the arthropods extracted with Tullgren funnels were specimens of a little-known euedaphic species of Collembola, Onychiurus similis (Folsom) (listed as Hymenaphorura similis by Salmon 1964). O. similis, originally described in the Nearctic, has also been recorded, as O. sibiricus similis Handschin, from Switzerland (Salmon 1964). However, the species has never before been collected from soil cores in the Nearctic and detailed ecological information has not been published with previous Nearctic records. Those records are: Illinois, Champaign Co., Homer; Nov. 25; abundant under damp logs; Folsom (1917). Iowa, Linn Co., Cedar Rapids; Nov. 10; few in leaf litter; Bagnall (1947). California, Napa Co.; Wilkey (1959). Iowa, Story Co., Ames; Dec. 10, 17, Feb. 4, Alar. 12, and May 19, 29; litter and soil to depths of 35 cm; Wonio (1970).