Eucalyptus Grandis Research Articles

Preferencia alimenticia y de oviposición de Gonipterus platensis(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en tres especies comerciales de Eucalyptus en Colombia

Gonipterus platensis (Marelli, 1926), is a beetle that belongs to the family Curculionidae, a phytophagous species within the genus Eucalyptus. It is native to Australia, where it is not considered a pest due to the presence of biological controllers. In Colombia, eucalyptus trees are the second exotic species with the largest planted area, and because in 2016 was recorded the presence of G. platensis in the country, efforts have been made to study and determine the potential damage that this species can cause in plantations through studies of its feeding preferences and oviposition, among others. The present study aims to determine the preference of G. platensis for the three most planted commercial eucalyptus species in the country: Eucalyptus grandis W.Hill ex Maiden, E. urophylla S.T. Blake, and the hybrid E. grandis W.Hill ex Maiden × E. urophylla S.T. Blake (E. urograndis). An experiment was conducted using a multiple-choice design to assess feeding and oviposition preference. Two assays were carried out: one with seedlings and the other with an olfactometer. The present study reveals that G. platensis has a feeding preference for E. grandis, followed by E. urophylla, and to a lesser extent, the hybrid species E. urograndis. Furthermore, G. platensis is capable of ovipositing in all three eucalyptus species studied without making any differentiation.

Characterizing microenvironmental factors and the forest component in the production of natural grasslands in a silvopastoral system with Eucalyptus grandis

Characterizing microenvironmental factors and the forest component in the production of natural grasslands in a silvopastoral system with Eucalyptus grandis

Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of the GUX Gene Family in Eucalyptus grandis.

Xylan, one of the most important structures and polysaccharides, plays critical roles in plant development, growth, and defense responses to pathogens. Glucuronic acid substitution of xylan (GUX) functions in xylan sidechain decoration, which is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in plants. However, the specifics of GUXs in trees remain unclear. In this study, the characterization and evolution of the GUX family genes in E. grandis, a fast-growing forest tree belonging to the Myrtaceae family, were performed. A total of 23 EgGUXs were identified from the E. grandis genome, of which all members contained motif 2, 3, 5, and 7. All GUX genes were phylogeneticly clustered into five distinct groups. Among them, EgGUX01~EgGUX05 genes were clustered into group III and IV, which were more closely related to the AtGUX1, AtGUX2, and AtGUX4 members of Arabidopsis thaliana known to possess glucuronyltransferase activity, while most other members were clustered into group I. The light-responsive elements, hormone-responsive elements, growth and development-responsive elements, and stress-responsive elements were found in the promoter cis-acting elements, suggesting the expression of GUX might also be regulated by abiotic factors. RNA-Seq data confirmed that EgGUX02, EgGUX03, and EgGUX10 are highly expressed in xylem, and EgGUX09, EgGUX10, and EgGUX14 were obviously responses to abiotic stresses. The results of this paper will provide a comprehensive determination of the functions of the EgGUX family members, which will further contribute to understanding E. grandis xylan formation.

Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles (Fe(NPs)) using plant extract from Eucalyptus grandis: characterization and determination of the catalytic potential for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

This study assessed a green synthesis method for iron nanoparticles (Fe(NPs)), using Eucalyptus grandis leaf extract, to reduce waste generation and diminish the use of conventional chemical inputs, such as Sodium Borohydride (NaBH4), without significant losses in catalytic activity. Various volumetric ratios of plant extract and NaBH4 were tested to understand how this variation would affect the morphological, structural, and catalytic power of the material. In the conducted analyses, a reduction in the crystallinity of Fe(NPs) was observed for proportions above 25% of the extract. However, the particle size remained stable among different syntheses, with iron ions showing improved dispersion for proportions of 40% and 50% of the extract. Regarding stabilization, characteristic bands of aromatic compounds, alcohols, ethers and carboxylic acids were identified, indicating the extract's involvement in coating the metallic cores. To assess the catalytic performance, studies were conducted on the catalytic reduction of the contaminant 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, using Fe(NPs) as catalysts. The results revealed conversions above 80% for Fe(NPs) synthesized with volumetric proportions of up to 40% of the plant extract, suggesting that substituting the chemical agent did not significantly affect the catalytic activity of the biocatalyst. Finally, ecotoxicological tests performed with Lemna minor and artemia salina demonstrated a significant reduction in the toxicity of the contaminant 4-nitrophenol, as well as the biocompatibility of the obtained Fe(NPs). Keywords: iron oxides, stabilization, vegetable coating.

Overexpression of EgrZFP6 from Eucalyptus grandis increases ROS levels by downregulating photosynthesis in plants

In plants, abiotic stressors are frequently encountered during growth and development. To counteract these challenges, zinc finger proteins play a critical role as transcriptional regulators. The EgrZFP6 gene, which codes for a zinc finger protein of the C2H2 type, was shown to be considerably elevated in the leaves of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings in the current study when they were subjected to a variety of abiotic stimuli, including heat, salinity, cold, and drought. Analysis conducted later showed that in EgrZFP6 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, EgrZFP6 was essential for causing hyponastic leaves and controlling the stress response. Furthermore, the transgenic plants showed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Additionally, in EgrZFP6-overexpressing plants, transcriptome sequencing analysis demonstrated a considerable downregulation of many genes involved in photosynthesis, decreasing electron transport efficiency and perhaps promoting the buildup of ROS. Auxin levels were higher and auxin signal transduction was compromised in the transgenic plants. Stress-related genes were also upregulated in Arabidopsis as a result of EgrZFP6 overexpression. It is hypothesized that EgrZFP6 can downregulate photosynthesis, which would cause the production of ROS in chloroplasts. As a result, this protein may alter plant stress responses and leaf morphology via a retrograde mechanism driven by ROS. These results highlight the significance of zinc finger proteins in this sophisticated process and advance our understanding of the complex link between gene regulation, ROS signaling, and plant stress responses.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Nitrate Transporter (NRT) Gene Family in Eucalyptus grandis.

Eucalyptus grandis is an important planted hardwood tree worldwide with fast growth and good wood performance. The nitrate transporter (NRT) gene family is a major core involved in nitrogen (N) absorption and utilization in plants, but the comprehensive characterization of NRT genes in E. grandis remains mostly elusive. In this study, a total of 75 EgNRT genes were identified from the genome of E. grandis that were distributed unevenly across ten chromosomes, except Chr9. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the EgNRT proteins could be divided into three classes, namely NRT1, NRT2 and NRT3, which contained 69, 4 and 2 members, respectively. The cis-regulatory elements in the promoter regions of EgNRT genes were mainly involved in phytohormone and stress response. The transcriptome analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes of leaf and root in E. grandis under different N supply conditions were mainly involved in the metabolic process and plant hormone signal transduction. In addition, the transcriptome-based and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of 13 EgNRT genes, especially EgNRT1.3, EgNRT1.38, EgNRT1.39 and EgNRT1.52, was significantly upregulated in the root under low-N-supply treatment, suggesting that those genes might play a critical role in root response to nitrate deficiency. Taken together, these results would provide valuable information for characterizing the roles of EgNRTs and facilitate the clarification of the molecular mechanism underlying EgNRT-mediated N absorption and distribution in E. grandis.

Conversion Factor Estimation of Stacked Eucalypt Timber Using Supervised Image Classification with Artificial Neural Networks

Stacked timber is quantified in-store units and then adjusted with a conversion factor for volume estimation in cubic meters, which is important for the wood trade in South America. However, measuring large quantities accurately can be challenging. Digital image processing and artificial intelligence advancements offer promising solutions, making research in this area increasingly attractive. This study aims to estimate conversion factors of stacked Eucalyptus grandis timber using supervised image classification with Artificial Neuronal Network (ANN). Measured data and photographs from an experiment involving thirty stacks of timber were used to achieve this. The conversion factor was determined using photographic methods that involved the applications of equidistant points and ANN and subsequently validated with values observed through the manual method. The ANN method produced more accurate conversion factor estimates than the equidistant points method. Approximately 97% of the ANN estimates were within the ±1% error class, even when using low-resolution digital photographs.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOPARTICLES OF KLASON AND KRAFT LIGNIN FROM Eucalyptus grandis WOOD

This work aimed to prepare and characterize nanoparticles of lignin produced from sawdust (Klason lignin) and black liquor (Kraft lignin), materials considered to be industrial waste. The raw material of this study was Eucalyptus grandis chips. For Klason lignin, the procedures were carried out according to the TAPPI 222 and, for Kraft lignin, the chips were cooked to collect the black liquor, followed by acid precipitation. The nanolignins were obtained by the mechanical process through a mill using passes from 2, 8 and 13. The characterization of nanolignins was performed by scanning electron microscopy with elemental chemical analysis and transmission electron microscopy, granulometry analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed irregular nanostructures of various shapes and spherical structures, the latter of which were more evident and frequent in Kraft nanolignin. The elemental chemical analysis showed that the washing process of the nanolignins was satisfactory, as only a small percentage of sulfur was detected in the samples. The granulometric measurement confirmed that the nanolignins had nanometric dimensions. Thermal analysis showed the nanolignins had three degradation bands, attributed to the drying of the samples and also to the degradation of hemicelluloses and lignin itself. Therefore, it was possible to confirm the obtainment of Klason and Kraft nanolignins through the use of the mill, and that an increasing number of passes produced a greater portion of particles with nanometric size.

Relative Analysis for Carbon Sequestration Potential of Prominent Private and Public Green Spaces in Bengaluru, India

With the advent of Climate Change and Global Warming, highly populated urban spaces are becoming more prone to various Environmental disasters. While forest are good sinks of CO2, it is highly impossible to introduce them into urban-level planning. In this context, nurturing Urban Green Spaces within cities, can serve well to perform the regulatory functions just like forests do. However, it is also imperative that their inception, must also ensure effective carbon sequestration. The objective of current research includes determination of carbon sequestration value for various ‘tree’ species, which eventually would serve to identify species with potential to serve better in Strategic Climate Sustainable Township Guidelines. To accomplish this objective, firstly three observatories (Richard’s Park, BMSIT&M Green Campus, and Lalbagh Botanical Garden) having distinct floral diversity were selected. Further, physical data collection was undertaken at these observatories and employed for biomass computation viz. ‘Biostatistics-based Allometric’ equation. Statistical Validation of data was accomplished viz. Multiple Linear Regression Modelling and One-way ANOVA. The average value of carbon sequestered (in tonnes per species) was found to be 20.13, 0.727 and 0.292, at Lalbagh Botanical Garden, Richard’s Park, and BMSIT&M, respectively. Upon comprehensive evaluation, it was found that best three species offering high carbon sequestration potential are Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus globus and Samanea saman. These species would hence be keystone species that could play a potential role in naturally lowering CO2 levels in intra-urban spaces. These species would serve well in empowering Green Spaces to behave as Urban Cool Islands, to combat Urban/Global Warming.

High-Resolution Yield Mapping for Eucalyptus grandis—A Case Study

Yield data represent a valuable layer for supporting decision-making as they reflect crop management results. Forestry decision-makers often rely on coarse spatial resolution data (e.g., forest inventory plots) despite the availability of modern harvesters that can provide high-resolution forestry yield data. The objectives of this study were to present a method for generating high-resolution Eucalyptus grandis yield data (individual tree-level) and explore their applications, such as correlation analysis with soil attributes to aid nutrient recommendations. Two evaluations were conducted at two sites in Brazil: (a) assessing the positioning accuracy of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver positioning, and (b) analyzing the yield data and their correlation with the soil attributes. The results indicated that positioning the GNSS receiver at the harvesting head provided higher accuracy than placement at the top of the harvester cabin for individual tree-level data. Reliable yield data were generated despite the GNSS receiver’s increased susceptibility to damage when mounted on a harvest head. The linear correlation analysis between the Eucalyptus grandis yield data and soil attributes showed both negative (Clay, B, S, coarse sand, and potential acidity − H + Al) and positive correlations (K, Mg, pH-SMP, Ca, sum of bases, pH, base saturation, fine sand, total sand, and silt content). This study demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining high-resolution yield data at the individual tree-level and their correlation with soil attributes, providing valuable insights for improving forestry decision-making.

Effect of tree density on predatory behavior of weaned calves in Eucalyptus grandis silvopastoral systems during winter

Effect of tree density on predatory behavior of weaned calves in Eucalyptus grandis silvopastoral systems during winter

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of GRAS gene family in Eucalyptus grandis

BackgroundThe GRAS gene family is a class of plant-specific transcription factors with important roles in many biological processes, such as signal transduction, disease resistance and stress tolerance, plant growth and development. So far, no information available describes the functions of the GRAS genes in Eucalyptus grandis.ResultsA total of 82 GRAS genes were identified with amino acid lengths ranging from 267 to 817 aa, and most EgrGRAS genes had one exon. Members of the GRAS gene family of Eucalyptus grandis are divided into 9 subfamilies with different protein structures, while members of the same subfamily have similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Moreover, these EgrGRAS genes expanded primarily due to segmental duplication. In addition, cis-acting element analysis showed that this family of genes was involved involved in the signal transduction of various plant hormones, growth and development, and stress response. The qRT-PCR data indicated that 18 EgrGRAS genes significantly responded to hormonal and abiotic stresses. Among them, the expression of EgrGRAS13, EgrGRAS68 and EgrGRAS55 genes was significantly up-regulated during the treatment period, and it was hypothesised that members of the EgrGRAS family play an important role in stress tolerance.ConclusionsIn this study, the phylogenetic relationship, conserved domains, cis-elements and expression patterns of GRAS gene family of Eucalyptus grandis were analyzed, which filled the gap in the identification of GRAS gene family of Eucalyptus grandis and laid the foundation for analyzing the function of EgrGRAS gene in hormone and stress response.

Xylem cell size regulation is a key adaptive response to water deficit in Eucalyptus grandis.

Future climatic scenarios forecast increasingly frequent droughts that will pose substantial consequences on tree mortality. In light of this, drought-tolerant eucalypts have been propagated; however, the severity of these conditions will invoke adaptive responses, impacting the commercially valuable wood properties. To determine what mechanisms govern the wood anatomical adaptive response, highly controlled drought experiments were conducted in Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, with the tree physiology and transcriptome closely monitored. In response to water deficit, E. grandis displays an isohydric stomatal response to conserve water and enable stem growth to continue, albeit at a reduced rate. Maintaining gaseous exchange is likely a critical short-term response that drives the formation of hydraulically safer xylem. For instance, the development of significantly smaller fibers and vessels was found to increase cellular density, thereby promoting drought tolerance through improved functional redundancy, as well as implosion and cavitation resistance. The transcriptome was explored to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for controlling xylem cell size during prolonged water deficit. Downregulation of genes associated with cell wall remodeling and the biosynthesis of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin appeared to coincide with a reduction in cellular enlargement during drought. Furthermore, transcript levels of NAC and MYB transcription factors, vital for cell wall component biosynthesis, were reduced, while those linked to lignification increased. The upregulation of EgCAD and various peroxidases under water deficit did not correlate with an increased lignin composition. However, with the elevated cellular density, a higher lignin content per xylem cross-sectional area was observed, potentially enhancing hydraulic safety. These results support the requirement for higher density, drought-adapted wood as a long-term adaptive response in E. grandis, which is largely influenced by the isohydric stomatal response coupled with cellular expansion-related molecular processes.

Correlation of anatomy with physical properties of wood species from an agroforestry system

When the premise is the best final use of wood, evaluation of anatomical variables is recommended, bearing in mind that they are correlated with the properties of this material. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between anatomy and the physical properties of wood from Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan, Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill × Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake (hybrid) and Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake, from an agroforestry system. For this purpose, five trees of each species, aged 9 years old, were selected, and samples were collected from the diameter at 1.30 m height from the ground for analysis of the anatomical characteristics and physical properties of the wood. Anatomical variables, with the exception of fiber length and cell wall thickness, correlated with the physical properties of wood and influenced their values. The higher the cell wall fraction (0.79), vessel frequency (0.44) and ray frequency (0.92), the greater the basic density of the wood. The greater the fiber diameter (0.94), lumen diameter (0.88), vessel diameter (0.88), ray height (0.86) and ray width (0.84), the higher the moisture content of the wood.

Changes in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community in the Roots of Eucalyptus grandis Plantations at Different Ages in Southern Jiangxi, China.

Eucalyptus roots form symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in soil to enhance adaptation in challenging environments. However, the evolution of the AM fungal community along a chronosequence of eucalypt plantations and its relationship with soil properties remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the tree growth, soil properties, and root AM fungal colonization of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden plantations at different ages, identified the AM fungal community composition by high-throughput sequencing, and developed a structural equation model among trees, soil, and AM fungi. Key findings include the following: (1) The total phosphorus (P) and total potassium (K) in the soil underwent an initial reduction followed by a rise with different stand ages. (2) The rate of AM colonization decreased first and then increased. (3) The composition of the AM fungal community changed significantly with different stand ages, but there was no significant change in diversity. (4) Paraglomus and Glomus were the dominant genera, accounting for 70.1% and 21.8% of the relative abundance, respectively. (5) The dominant genera were mainly influenced by soil P, the N content, and bulk density, but the main factors were different with stand ages. The results can provide a reference for fertilizer management and microbial formulation manufacture for eucalyptus plantations.

Silicon attenuates nutritional disorder of phosphorus in seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla

BackgroundNutritional disorders of phosphorus (P), due to deficiency or toxicity, reduce the development of Eucalyptus spp. seedlings. Phosphorus deficiency often results in stunted growth and reduced vigor, while phosphorus toxicity can lead to nutrient imbalances and decreased physiological function. These sensitivities highlight the need for precise management of P levels in cultivation practices. The use of the beneficial element silicon (Si) has shown promising results under nutritional stress; nevertheless, comprehensive studies on its effects on Eucalyptus spp. seedlings are still emerging. To further elucidate the role of Si under varying P conditions, an experiment was conducted with clonal seedlings of a hybrid Eucalyptus spp. (Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla, A207) in a soilless cultivation system. Seedlings were propagated using the minicutting method in vermiculite-filled tubes, followed by treatment with a nutrient solution at three P concentrations: a deficient dose (0.1 mM), an adequate dose (1.0 mM) and an excessive dose (10 mM), with and without the addition of Si (2mM). This study assessed P and Si concentration, nutritional efficiency, oxidative metabolism, photosynthetic parameters, and dry matter production.ResultsSi supply increased phenolic compounds production and reduced electrolyte leakage in seedlings provided with 0.1 mM of P. On the other hand, Si favored quantum efficiency of photosystem II as well as chlorophyll a content in seedlings supplemented with 10 mM of P. In general, Si attenuates P nutritional disorder by reducing the oxidative stress, favoring the non-enzymatic antioxidant system and photosynthetic parameters in seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings are sensitive to P deficiency and toxicity and Si has shown a beneficial effect, attenuating P nutritional disorder by reducing the oxidative stress, favoring the non-enzymatic antioxidant system and photosynthetic parameters.

Quantifying Eucalyptus Transpiration Using the Dissipation Thermal Technique in Porto Seguro, Bahia

Granier’s sap flow method proved to be an important tool for estimating transpiration in woody plants. The present work aimed to estimate the transpiration of two clones (VCC0865 and CO1407) of a hybrid of the eucalyptus species Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla, in order to understand the efficiency and patterns of water use in the forest ecosystem. The experiment was carried out on a eucalyptus farm in the municipality of Porto Seguro, located in the extreme south of Bahia. The spacing between trees was 3.60 m × 2.50 m. Sap flow measurements were performed daily, between February and December 2022, using 10 sensors installed in tree trunks, according to Granier’s thermal dissipation method. Data were recorded in the datalogger model CR10X system. For the systematization and analysis of the data, the R programming language was used. The results obtained indicated that the beginning of the transpiration period of the clones occurred around 07:00. On rainy days, less transpiration was observed in both clones. There were no significant changes in sap flow between dry and rainy seasons. It was also found for clone VCC0865 a transpiration rate of 43% higher in the daily average compared to clone CO1407. The present work is an important tool to contribute with information about transpiration in eucalyptus cultivation in the extreme south of Bahia, since there are few studies on the subject and given the importance of the activity in the region.

OPTIMIZATION OF A PHOTOCATALYTIC PROCESS FOR REMOVAL OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTEWATER GENERATED IN THE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE FROM PINUS RADIATA AND EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS WOOD

This study aimed to improve the sustainability of the kraft pulp production process by recovering Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus grandis wastewater generated during the bleaching process. The effluents were obtained from the first alkaline extraction stage (E0) of the ECF bleaching sequence used to produce white Kraft cellulose, considering that this stage is where the highest contamination by phenolic compounds occurs and the effluent exhibits an intense color. A photochemical oxidation system, utilizing TiO2/S2O82-/UV, was implemented to generate in situ two highly oxidizing radical species, with high redox potential, a hydroxyl radical (HO• 2.8 eV ) and a sulfate radical (SO4•- 2.5-3.1 eV), which promote rapid degradation of contaminants. To obtain the optimal response, we employed the 2n model to construct a matrix of 15 experiments, utilizing the Box-Behnken design. According to the experimental variables studied, phenolic compounds were completely removed from the Eucalyptus effluent (0.0312 min-1) and 80% of them were removed from the pine effluent (0.0102 min-1), at pH 5.0 with 0.6 gL-1 of persulfate and 1.0 gL-1 of titanium dioxide. Under these conditions, the bioavailability of effluents from Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus grandis increases from 0.16 and 0.26 to 0.90, after the treatment. The excellent bioavailability of the effluents obtained after the treatment demonstrates that the process used is efficient in recovering wastewater from the pulp industry and that the treated water could be reused in the same process or returned to the ecosystem, without harming the environment.

Production of sawdust and chicken fat briquettes as an alternative solid fuel

This study focuses on converting underutilized or discarded sawdust from Eucalyptus grandis (EG) and Pinus elliottii (PE), along with roasting chicken oil (RCO) and chicken visceral oil (CVO), into alternative briquettes. Employing heuristic methods and branch-and-bound techniques, 27 experiments were conducted based on a central composite design (CCD), including two central point repetitions. The energy density (ED) of the briquettes was evaluated immediately after production (EDi) and three months later (EDf). The higher heating value (HHV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with its first derivative, and cost of each briquette were also characterized. Increasing chicken oil content improved HHV, initial ED, reduced ash content, and enhanced thermal degradation performance. However, exceeding 15% oil content caused wastage during pressing. Excessive CVO use is cost-prohibitive unless produced by the poultry industry. The optimal briquette was obtained in experiment 9 with 21.25% EG, 63.75% PE, 3.75% CVO, and 11.25% RCO by mass. Structural neighbors were identified based on this composition. Sawdust type and particle size had minimal impact on the results.

Comparative genomic analysis reveals expansion of the DnaJ gene family in Lagerstroemia indica and its members response to salt stress.

DnaJs/Hsp40s/JPDs are obligate co-chaperones of heat shock proteins (Hsp70), performing crucial biological functions within organisms. A comparative genome analysis of four genomes (Vitis vinifera, Eucalyptus grandis, Lagerstroemia indica, and Punica granatum) revealed that the DnaJ gene family in L. indica has undergone expansion, although not to the extent observed in P. granatum. Inter-genome collinearity analysis of four plants indicates that members belonging to Class A and B are more conserved during evolution. In L. indica, the expanded members primarily belong to Class-C. Tissue expression patterns and the biochemical characterization of LiDnaJs further suggested that DnaJs may be involved in numerous biological processes in L. indica. Transcriptome and qPCR analyses of salt stressed leaves identified at least ten LiDnaJs that responded to salt stress. In summary, we have elucidated the expansion mechanism of the LiDnaJs, which is attributed to a recent whole-genome triplication. This research laid the foundation for functional analysis of LiDnaJs and provides gene resources for breeding salt-tolerant varieties of L. indica.