This essay analyses the process, style and outcome dimensions of Turkish foreign policy in the 1990s in the light of the ‘democratization alongside the European Union [EU] accession process’. Two possible independent variables are compared and contrasted: the democratization process per se and the democratization as taking place within the context of Turkey's Europeanization process. The main questions addressed are: in which ways has Turkey's democratization alongside the EU accession process impacted on Turkey's foreign policy and why has the increasing quality of Turkish democratization per se not produced pro-EU Turkish foreign policy outcomes in relation to the Cyprus and European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) issues.