Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer Research Articles

Pilot-Scale Processing and Functional Properties of Antifungal EVOH-Based Films Containing Methyl Anthranilate Intended for Food Packaging Applications.

Antimicrobial packaging has emerged as an efficient technology to improve the stability of food products. In this study, new formulations based on ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer were developed by incorporating the volatile methyl anthranilate (MA) at different concentrations as antifungal compound to obtain active films for food packaging. To this end, a twin-screw extruder with a specifically designed screw configuration was employed to produce films at pilot scale. The quantification analyses of MA in the films showed a high retention capacity. Then, the morphological, optical, thermal, mechanical and water vapour barrier performance, as well as the antifungal activity in vitro of the active films, were evaluated. The presence of MA did not affect the transparency or the thermal stability of EVOH-based films, but decreased the glass transition temperature of the copolymer, indicating a plasticizing effect, which was confirmed by an increase in the elongation at break values of the films. Because of the additive-induced plasticization over EVOH, the water vapour permeability slightly increased at 33% and 75% relative humidity values. Finally, the evaluation of the antifungal activity in vitro of the active films containing methyl anthranilate showed a great effectiveness against P. expansum and B. cinerea, demonstrating the potential applicability of the developed films for active food packaging.

Modelling the Effect of Barrier Layers on the Tensile Properties of Paperboard Materials for Liquid Packaging

Investigations of the mechanical behaviors of the paperboard packaging materials has propelled to the forefront of the packaging industries owing to the anisotropic behavior of the paperboard materials. Paperboard materials undergo tensile forces during the creasing and folding operation. Therefore, the knowledge of the material tensile properties it is undeniably important to perform the operation without tearing the layers. Anisotropic behavior of the paperboard material is required to be addressed for the packaging material to be used effectively and efficiently. Paperboard material being anisotropic in nature have different properties in the Machine Direction (MD) and Cross Direction (CD). The paper focuses on the modelling of double layered paperboards with barrier elements either in aluminum or in Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH). A numerical model of the packaging material was developed in LS-DYNA environment showing good fitting with the physical tests.

Facile plasma grafting of zwitterions onto nanofibrous membrane surface for improved antifouling properties and filtration performance

To improve the permeability and antifouling properties of filtration membrane, zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) was introduced onto the surface of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) nanofibrous membrane (NFM) via facile spray-coating followed by plasma treatment method. Surface chemical compositions, morphology, pore size distribution, roughness, zeta potential, hydrophilicity, permeability, separation performance, antifouling and mechanical properties of the pristine EVOH nanofibrous membrane, plasma treated membrane (PNFM) and the SBMA modified membrane (PZNFM) were systematically characterized and compared. Due to the improved hydrophilicity and antifouling properties, PZNFM showed higher water permeability (i.e. 9426.7 L h−1 m−2, 0.2 MPa), lower bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption (i.e. 0.15%), and higher flux recovery ratio (i.e. 95.65%) compared with the original NFM. Meanwhile, the newly prepared zwitterionic membrane can separate and intercept of E. coli, S. aureus and Brevundimonas dimimuta absolutely. The mutiphysical-chemical properties of the membrane allow it to function with synergy between permeability and sterile filtration efficiency for further bacterial separation and interception application. Our work provides a simple and scalable method to fabricate sterile membrane with outstanding performance, highlighting its great potential in sterile filtration.

Liquid Embolization of Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformations with Ethylene-Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer in Neonates and Infants.

In the postnatal period, extensive peripheral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are associated with high morbidity, especially when localized in the liver. Their urgent treatment is always a challenging problem in neonates and infants. We analyzed four consecutive children aged three days to three years who underwent eight liquid embolization procedures with ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. The AVM were situated on the thoracic wall, in the liver, and on the lower leg. In three cases, the malformations showed total regression. The tibial AVM degenerated widely. If impaired beforehand, cardiac or hepatic function normalized after the interventions. There were no embolization-associated complications such as nontarget embolization or tissue ischemia. We conclude that application of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer seems to be a safe therapeutic option and can be used in neonates and infants with peripheral AVM in consideration of the agent's characteristics. Nevertheless, there are still hardly any data concerning young children.

Prostatic artery occlusion versus prostatic artery embolisation for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: early results in a canine model.

To compare the technical efficacy and safety between prostatic artery occlusion (PAO) with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) and prostatic artery embolizsation (PAE) with microspheres in a canine model. 17 adult male beagles underwent PAO (n = 7) with Onyx-18 or PAE (n = 10) with microspheres (300-500 µm). To evaluate the primary outcomes (technical efficacy and safety), MRI evaluations were performed immediately before and 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month after procedures to document prostate volume (PV); and all dogs were inspected for procedure-related complications during 1 month follow-up. The secondary outcomes included the prostate ischaemia size detected by MRI and recanalisation of prostatic artery by follow-up angiography. Differences between groups were statistically analysed. Both procedures were bilaterally successful in all animals. Compared with PAE, the mean fluoroscopy time (23.80 vs 36.24 min, p = 0.014) and radiation dose (68.19 vs 125.26 mGy, p = 0.003) were significantly less in PAO procedure. The mean percentage of PV change significantly decreased in both groups at 2 weeks (30.71% vs 37.89%) and 1 month (56.41% %vs 55.56%) after PAO and PAE respectively), without significant differences between groups at either time point. No major complications were observed except one animal after PAO with transient haematuria and acute urinary retention. The mean prostate ischaemia induced by PAO was significant greater compared with PAE at 1 week (43.44% vs 18.91%, p=0.001). PAO with EVOH is technically feasible and with comparable efficacy and safety with PAE. There are possible benefits to PAO over PAE. A new technical modification of the PAE consisting of the use of liquid embolic agent to occlude the prostatic artery trunk and its branches has been developed in pre-clinical study, showing to be an effective and safe procedure which can induce a significant prostate shrinkage for the management of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients. In addition, the findings have showed a similar therapeutic effect comparable with the conventional PAE using microspheres.

Embolization of Recurrent Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations by Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer (Onyx®) in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Safety and Efficacy.

Objectives: To evaluate short- and long-term safety and efficacy of embolization with Onyx® for recurrent pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Methods: In total, 45 consecutive patients (51% women, mean (SD) age 53 (18) years) with HHT referred to a reference center for treatment of recurrent PAVM were retrospectively included from April 2014 to July 2021. Inclusion criteria included evidence of PAVM recurrence on CT or angiography, embolization using Onyx® and a minimal 1-year-follow-up CT or angiography. Success was defined based on the standard of reference criteria on unenhanced CT or pulmonary angiography if a recurrence was suspected. PAVMs were analyzed in consensus by two radiologists. The absence of safety distance, as defined by a too-short distance for coil/plug deployment, i.e., between 0.5 and 1 cm, between the proximal extremity of the primary embolic material used and a healthy upstream artery branch, was reported. Results: In total, 70 PAVM were analyzed. Mean (SD) follow-up was 3 (1.3) years. Safety distance criteria were missing in 33 (47%) PAVMs. All procedures were technically successful, with a short-term occlusion rate of 100% using a mean (SD) of 0.6 (0.5) mL of Onyx®. The long-term occlusion rate was 60%. No immediate complication directly related to embolization was reported, nor was any severe long-term complication such as strokes or cerebral abscesses. Conclusions: In HHT, treatment of recurrent PAVM with Onyx® showed satisfactory safety and efficacy, with an immediate occlusion rate of 100% and a long-term rate of 60%.

High‐Performance PA Nanofiltration Membrane with Coral‐Reef‐Like Morphology atop Polydopamine Decorated EVOH Nanofiber Scaffold

AbstractThe pursuit of highly permeable thin‐film nanocomposite (TFNC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes with desirable selectivity is an eternal topic for desalination and wastewater treatment. Herein, a facile route to engineer polyamide (PA) NF membranes is reported with a coral‐reef‐like thin PA active layer atop a polydopamine pre‐decorated ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) nanofiber scaffold (EVOH‐PDA) via interfacial polymerization (IP). EVOH‐PDA possesses a submicron pore size and super‐hydrophilic surface, which provides abundant thin water layers covering nanofibers in the IP process resulting in the PA layer with a morphology of coral‐reef‐like highland surrounded by flat low‐lying regions. The resultant NF membrane presents high permeance of 32.19 L m−2h−1bar−1 and high rejection of 96.52% to 1000 ppm Na2SO4 feed solution with a stable performance against operation time and high salt concentration. This work provides a new approach to fabricating PA TFNC membranes with outstanding NF performance in liquid separation applications.

Optimization of Type II Endoleak Embolization Using Onlay Fusion, Needle Assist Guidance, and Intraoperative Assessment with Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound

Effectiveness of type II endoleak (T2E) embolization is highly variable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a protocol for T2E embolization using onlay fusion, needle assist guidance and intraoperative assessment with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IO-CEUS). We reviewed the clinical data of 28 consecutive patients (89% male; mean age, 81 ± 11 years) treated for T2E using the standardized protocol from 2016 to 2019. Aneurysm sac embolization was performed using combination of 0.018-inch coils and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx-18) via transarterial (Fig 1) or translumbar (Fig 2) approach. IO-CEUS was performed to determine resolution of T2E with additional embolization performed whenever needed. Technical success was defined by access to intended T2E nidus, successful delivery of embolic material, and absence of nontarget embolization. Clinical success was defined by technical success, absence or near complete resolution of T2E, and stabilization of aneurysm sac diameter on follow-up imaging. T2E embolization was indicated for significant aneurysm sac enlargement averaging 10 ± 7 mm at a mean follow-up of 50 ± 34 months from the index endovascular aortic repair (endovascular aneurysm repair [EVAR]) in 18 patients (64%) or fenestrated-branched EVAR in 10 patients (36%). Twelve patients (43%) had prior failed attempts to treat the T2E. Translumbar access was used in 23 patients (82%) and transarterial approach in 5 patients (18%), all of whom had patent inferior mesenteric arteries. T2E embolization was performed using Onyx-18 in 27 patients (96%) and coils in 25 patients (89%). Technical success was achieved in all patients. Completion IO-CEUS demonstrated complete T2E resolution in 20 patients (71%) and persistent, but reduced T2E in 8 patients (29%). There was no mortality. Nineteen patients (68%) were discharged to home on the same day. Mean length of hospital stay was 0.5 ± 0.7 days. After a mean follow-up of 19 ± 11 months, 23 patients (82%) had clinical success with aneurysm sac stabilization, with significantly higher rates among patients who had no T2E on completion IO-CEUS (95% vs 50%; P = .014). Of the five patients (18%) who had persistent aneurysm sac enlargement of 5 mm or more, two required additional T2E embolization procedures, both of whom had residual T2E on completion IO-CEUS. There were no aortic ruptures. A protocol using onlay fusion and needle assist guidance to facilitate aneurysm sac embolization and IO-CEUS assessment to document complete resolution of the T2E achieved clinical success in 82% of patients. Absence of residual T2E on completion IO-CEUS predicted higher rates of clinical success.Fig 2Type 2 endoleak (T2E)-treated with translumbar approach. We use on-lay fusion based on the most recent computed tomography angiography study and intraoperative cone beam computed tomography scan (A). The patient is positioned in lateral decubitus (B). A plan is created based on the preoperative CTA and needle assist track software is used to facilitate advancement of needle via translumbar access (C). Once embolization is completed, a contrast-enhanced ultrasound is performed to assess the area of embolization (D).View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)

Facile fabrication of nanofibrous ion-exchange chromatography membrane with aminated surface for highly efficient RNA separation and purification

Construction of ion-exchange chromatography membrane with appropriate pore size and high-density ligands is essential to improve its working efficiency and service life for the separation and purification of biomacromolecules such as RNA. Herein, surface aminated ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) ion-exchange chromatography nanofibrous membrane (PEI-NFM) with 0.7 µm pore size was fabricated by sea-island spinning and in situ crosslinking (EVOH nanofibers reacted with glutaraldehyde (GA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) in dispersion). Morphological and chemical characterization of PEI-NFM indicated that GA and PEI crosslinked on the surface of nanofibers uniformly. Benefiting from the 3D network scaffold structure stacked by nanofibers and high-density amine groups, PEI-NFM exhibits high saturated capacity toward RNA (191.16 mg/g), and still possesses more than 93% of its initial adsorption capacity after ten times cyclic adsorption-elution. Moreover, PEI-NFM packed syringe-driven filter shows high water flux of 10.38 L/h at 0.1 MPa and a high dynamic adsorption performance toward RNA (144.07 mg/g at 1 mm/min). Besides, PEI-NFM exhibits high-recognition binding property toward RNA mixed with other biomacromolecules by adjusting pH of mixed solution to make other biomacromolecules positively charged. This work provides a facile strategy for the preparation of high performance and long service life ion-exchange chromatography membrane.

Towards intelligent packaging: BCP-EVOH@ optode for milk freshness measurement.

Intelligent packaging represents an emerging trend in the food industry, especially for highly perishable foods like milk and dairy products. Despite the apparent simplicity, miniaturized BCP-EVOH@ sensor, made of bromocresol purple (BCP) covalently bound to ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer, meets the goal of milk freshness monitoring during chilled storage, allowing both naked-eye evaluation and chemometric-assisted spoilage modelling and measurements.

Investigation on the heat resistance mechanism of phosphate containing formulations using the pyrolysis GC-MS system

Aiming to probe into the heat resistance mechanism of triallyl phosphate (TAP) modified polyolefin formulation, several phosphate containing model polymers or compounds were designed and their thermal decomposition behavior were analyzed using the powerful pyrolysis GC-MS system. For the TAP homopolymer (PTAP), ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) crosslinked with phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3), and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) or polyolefin elastomers (POE) crosslinked with TAP, the reductants like phosphine (PH3) and phosphorus (P4) can be discriminated in the decomposed fragments. However, for the phosphate containing compounds with low molecular weight, such as tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) and tri-octadecyl phosphate (TOP), no any signals attributed to the reductants can be detected. According to the pyrolysis GC-MS results, it can be concluded that the degradation of phosphate containing model polymers or compounds occurred on P–O or C–O bonds. For the crosslinked model polymers, the phosphate groups were immobilized into the 3D network and the reductive PH3 and P4 can be finally generated by cleaving on P–O bond. However, for the small molecular weight phosphate compounds, the fractions after degradation were readily evaporated out from the mixture, which terminated the further reduction of phosphate and the cleaving on CO was dominant. The observation in current work suggested that the restriction or immobilization of phosphate groups played an important role on the generation of reductive PH3 or P4.

Economic analysis of n-butyl cyanoacrylate compared with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer liquid embolic embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) from a US hospital perspective.

In US hospitals, the liquid embolic systems (LESs) n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) are used for brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) embolization to achieve presurgical devascularization. The aim of this study was to perform an economic analysis comparing four techniques for bAVM embolization based on LES, ancillary device, and angiography suite time costs. An economic model was developed comparing the embolization costs for n-BCA, EVOH with the plug and push technique, EVOH with detachable-tip microcatheters, and EVOH with balloon microcatheters. Per procedure costs were calculated for bAVMs with one to four pedicles. Annual cohort analyses were performed to evaluate the potential impact for low and high-volume centers. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine cost drivers. The analyses showed that the n-BCA technique was the least costly of the four techniques. Total per procedure costs for one to four embolized pedicles ranged from $5941 to $10,074 for the n-BCA technique, $8428 to $30,345 for the EVOH balloon microcatheter technique, $12,711 to $47,477 for the EVOH plug and push technique, and $13,900 to $52,233 for the EVOH detachable-tip microcatheter technique. Cohort analyses costs for 52 annual cases ranged from $308,953 to $523,838 with the n-BCA technique and from $722,816 to $2,716,096 with the EVOH detachable-tip microcatheter technique. Procedure costs associated with n-BCA are lower than those with each of the three EVOH techniques examined. Future cost analyses should compare the costs of new LES products once available.

Polypropylene Hollow-Fiber Membrane Made Using the Dissolution-Induced Pores Method.

The efficient preparation of hydrophilic polypropylene membranes has always been a problem. Here, a twin-screw extruder was used to melt-blend ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and polypropylene; then, hollow fibers were extrusion-molded with a spinneret and taken by a winder; after this, dimethyl sulfoxide was used to dissolve the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the fiber to obtain a polypropylene hollow-fiber membrane. This procedure was used to study the effects of different contents and segment structure of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer on the structure and filtration performance of the membranes; furthermore, the embedded factor and blocked factor were used to evaluate the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer embedded in the matrix without dissolving and or being completely blocked in the matrix, respectively. The results show that the increase in ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer could reduce the embedded factor and increase the blocked factor. The increase in the polyethylene segments of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer could increase both the embedded factor and blocked factor. The water permeation of the membrane reached 1300 Lm−2·h−1·bar−1 with a 100% rejection of ink (141 nm) and the elongation at break reached 188%, while the strength reached 22 MPa. The dissolution-induced pores method provides a completely viable alternative route for the preparation of polypropylene membranes.

Micro-balloon-assisted embolization of anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula via a trans-ophthalmic approach — a technical report and case series

PurposeDural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVF) account for approximately 10–15% of all intracranial arteriovenous abnormalities. dAVFs carry a significant risk of mortality, particularly in cases of acute hemorrhage, of up to 10%. A small proportion of these dAVFs are found in the anterior cranial fossa (ACF), of which the rate of hemorrhage can be as high as up to 91%. The Scepter Mini (SM) is the smallest dual-lumen micro-balloon (MB) available for neurointerventional practice. It consists of a 2.8 French outer diameter, with a 2.2 mm × 9 mm semi-compliant balloon providing a working length of 165 cm. The SM is navigated with a 0.008-inch wire making it a particularly attractive tool accessible to the pedicles normally reached with liquid embolization micro-catheters.MethodsFive consecutive patients over a 1-year period between 2020 and 2021 were evaluated and treated for ACF dAVF using a liquid embolization approach using the SM balloon. All patients were treated using ethylene–vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), of which Squid 18 and/or Squid 12 were the chosen viscosities. Control angiograms were performed for all patients post-embolization.ResultsAll patients demonstrated complete occlusion of the ACF dAVF on immediate post-treatment angiography. No immediate complications were encountered; particularly, there were no reports of visual field deficit in any of the patients.ConclusionThe MB is a valuable adjunctive tool that can enhance the safety and efficacy of trans-ophthalmic embolization of ACF dAVFs, providing additional protection to the retinal and posterior ciliary arteries against unwanted reflux of liquid embolic agent.

Embolization in pelvic venous disorders using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx®) and Aetoxysclerol: a prospective evaluation of safety and long-term efficacy.

To prospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of embolization using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx®) and Aetoxysclerol for treatment of pelvic venous disorders (PeVD). This prospective study was approved by the institutional ethics review board. Ten clinical parameters were retained for evaluation of PeVD (pelvic pain, dyspareunia, post-coital pain, menstruation pain, lower limbs pain, difficulty walking, aesthetic discomfort, impact on daily working life, psychological impact and impact on daily life), measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) between 0 and 10, and a global score out of 100 was noted before embolization, after 3 months during the imaging follow-up, and at the end of follow-up by phone call. The main criterion was clinical efficacy of embolization defined by an impairment score < 40/100 and a 50% decrease in overall score. Complications were recorded. Visualization of Onyx® on MRI 3 months after embolization was noted. Between July 2017 and May 2019, 73 consecutive women (mean age ± SD [range]: 41 ± 11 years [25-77]) treated by embolization with Onyx® and Aetoxysclerol were included. The median follow-up was 28 months [Q1-Q3: 24.0-29.2] (range: 18.1-34.5). The median initial VAS impairment score was 39/100 [29.75-48.50] (12-58). Clinical efficacy was obtained for 70 patients (70/73, 95.9%), and the median VAS impairment score at the end of follow-up was significantly lower at 3 [0.00-7.25] (0-73) (p < 0.0001). Four minor complications occurred. Onyx® was visualized on DIXON sequence of MRI for all patients. Embolization using Onyx® and Aetoxysclerol for PeVD is safe and effective. • Embolization using Onyx® and Aetoxysclerol for pelvic venous disorders is safe and effective. • Imaging follow-up is facilitated by visualization of Onyx® on MRI DIXON sequences.

Protein fractionation of pH‐responsive brush‐modified ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer membranes*

AbstractProtein fractionation and purification remain challenging in membrane separation. Herein, a pH‐responsive membrane was developed by grafting the brush‐like poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) via ATRP onto the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVAL) membrane for protein fractionation. The PDMAEMA brushes are distributed in all pore channels of the membrane. Based on the electrostatic and sieving properties of the as‐prepared pH‐responsive membrane, three milk proteins are successfully separated from their mixture. The α‐Lactalbumin (α‐LA) preferentially permeates the membrane from the mixture at pH 3.2, and the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lactoferrin (LF) can be separated at pH 6.4 based on the selective adsorption. This work proposes a promising candidate for protein separation by a pH‐responsive membrane.

A Study on the Influence of Additives on Melt-flow Properties and Crystallization Process of Ethylene Vinyl-alcohol Copolymer

A Study on the Influence of Additives on Melt-flow Properties and Crystallization Process of Ethylene Vinyl-alcohol Copolymer

Elaboration and characterization of polymers used in flexible multilayer food packaging

Mechanical recycling is a major alternative for reducing the amount of fossil and natural resources needed to produce plastic materials. The process is essential when it comes to recycling multilayer plastic parts such as flexible food packaging. However, this recycling method generates a multiphase material whose interfaces must be stabilized so that it can be recovered. The nature of polymeric materials as well as their composition in flexible food packaging allows to achieve this, only if a chemical reaction is developed during the mixing stage (in-situ reaction). This work was the opportunity to demonstrate the potential of this strategy from model mixtures consisting of Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)/ Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol copolymer (EVOH) and a commercial tie polymer called OREVAC. The latter is a linear low-density polyethylene-graft-maleic anhydride. In this work, two types of OREVAC were used (OR-PE 1 and OR-PE 2) as compatibilizers. The rheological and morphological results show the effect of the added compatibilizer, and the limited efficiency obtained due to the low quantity which has been used in the blends.

Composite hydrogels of bacterial cellulose and an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with tunable morphological anisotropy and mechanical properties

Production of anisotropic hydrogels that show a direction-dependent structure and properties, which have attracted attention in bio-mimicking, tissue engineering and bio-separation.

Preparation of antimicrobial PVDF and EVOH membranes by grafting quaternary ammonium compounds

Dimethyl octadecyl [3-(trimethoxy silyl) propyl] ammonium chloride (DMOAP) was grafted on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) membranes, and the effects of preparation conditions on the grafting rate and antimicrobial performance of the membranes were investigated. The result showed that the grafting rate of membranes increased with the increased DMOAP concentration. The ion exchange capacity rose first and then declined with the increase of reaction temperature and time. The membranes displayed excellent antimicrobial performance against Escherichia Coli. The EVOH membranes also showed good stability, remaining 86% of the initial ion exchange capacity after the cyclic soaking test (312 h).