Mixture Of Ethyl Alcohol Research Articles

The multinucleate condition in fibers of tobacco

does not appear. First page follows. Introduction The occurrence of a multinucleate phase in the development of fibers, although rarely mentioned in literature, is a known fact (Eames and MacDaniels, 1925), p. 56). It was apparently established by (Treub (1880)), who reported that phloem fibers are multinucleate in many angiosperms and that this condition results from division of nuclei without subsequent formation of cell plates. The multinucleate fibers of tobacco were noted in connection with certain investigations on the phloem of this genus (Esau, 1938). A somewhat detailed study of these fibers seemed of interest, because occasionally writers report multinucleate condition in healthy or diseased cells without giving convincing evidence to support their contention. The fibers of tobacco were studied in stems and leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. and Nicotiana glauca Graham. As in the previous work (Esau, 1938) the material was killed in chrom-acetic-formalin solution and was imbedded in paraffin after a dehydration in butyl- and ethylalcohol mixtures. The illustrations were prepared from slides stained following Heidenhain’s schedule. Results As was shown in the paper on phloem of tobacco (Esau, 1938), the multinucleate fibers of this genus arise from procambium among primary sieve tubes and are, therefore, interpreted as primary phloem fibers. These elements occur in the internal as well as external phloem and differentiate in the elongating portion of the stem or leaf. During the elongation of the fibers their nuclei divide mitotically (plate 2, A), with splitting of chromosomes and formation of normal daughter nuclei. The karyokinesis is not, however, followed by cytokinesis. In the ordinary cell division the cell plate becomes clearly evident before the daughter nuclei emerge from the telophase (plate 1, A), whereas in the fibers no cell plate is developed (plates 1, B; 2, B and C). The spindle fibers are less persistent than in ordinary division figures and gradually disappear during late anaphase and telophase (plates 1, B and 2, C).

Staining Paraffin Sections with Protargol: 1. Experiments with Bodian's Method. 2. Use of Jvpropyl andN-Butyl Alcohol in Hofker's Fixative:

Paraffin sections of nervous tissue, which had been fixed in Hofker's fluid, stained readily with protargol solution without the addition of metallic copper or other activator. Amidolsulfite mixtures reduced the protargol more rapidly and completely than hydroquinone-sulfite. Intensification of the stain could be secured by reducing with 0.5% amidol (or pyrogallol) solution after gold toning. The completeness of staining of unmyelinated fibers of the dorsal roots of cat spinal nerves was checked by estimating the number of fibers in a root and the cells of its associated ganglion. A fiber cell ratio of 1:1 was found hi 4 specimens, indicating within limits of error that all fibers were stained. An improvement of die original Hofker's mixture as a fixative was obtained by using a mixture of formic acid, 5 cc.; trichloracetic acid, 10 g.; n-propyl alcohol, 20 cc.; and n-butyl alcohol, 60 cc. (instead of the acetic, trichloracetic, ethyl alcohol mixture used hi the original formula). The following arbitrary ...

REACTIONS OF ETHYL ALCOHOL ON NICKEL-CHROMIUM CATALYSTS

A series of catalysts containing nickel and chromium has been prepared and their action on mixtures of ethyl alcohol and water studied. The most active catalysts are prepared by precipitation of the metals as hydroxides or in combination as nickel chromate. The activity of the catalysts depends very much on the nature of the treatment accorded them in preparation. The action of the nickel always predominates but it is more sensitive than chromium to vigorous treatment. The catalysts generally lose some of their activity with use, the nickel more so than the chromium, and the dehydrating efficiency of the catalyst may rise. Secondary reactions, with the production of carbon and complex organic liquids, usually occur, both of which result in carbon dioxide production.

Inflammability of Mixtures of Ethyl Alcohol, Benzene Furfural and Acetone

Inflammability of Mixtures of Ethyl Alcohol, Benzene Furfural and Acetone

Effect of Methyl and Ethyl Alcohol Mixtures on Behaviour of Rats in a Maze.

The pharmacological action of 2 or more drugs given in combination with each other is assuming great importance in recent pharmacological and toxicological research. The authors have been engaged in studying the pharmacological and toxicological effects of ethyl and methyl alcohol mixtures in various biological experiments, and one phase of the work is reported here.The narcotic effects of ethyl and methyl, individually and in combination with each other, were studied on the behavior of the white rat in the circular maze. A total of 10 adult rats were used in the investigation, in addition to 6 rats which were used as controls. The rats were trained to solve the maze problem so that they could find their way from the periphery of the maze to its center, where food was placed, in the shortest period of time and with the least number of errors.After the animals were thus trained, injections of weak alcohol solutions, 2 to 4%, were given repeatedly in doses of 2 cc. intraperitoneally and the effect on the ru...

THE ANALYSIS OF MIXTURES OF ETHYL ALCOHOL, ETHYL ACETATE, ACETIC ACID AND WATER

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE ANALYSIS OF MIXTURES OF ETHYL ALCOHOL, ETHYL ACETATE, ACETIC ACID AND WATERS. PoznanskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1928, 50, 4, 981–988Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1928Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1928https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01391a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (532 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Histo-chemical proof of the presence of protein matter in dental enamel.

There has been much speculation regarding the occurrence of protoplasmic matter in dental enamel but no demonstration of it, although recent histological work, by Bödecker particularly, has suggested the presence of organic structural elements. In a direct histo-chemical study, human teeth, after immersion for several days in 10 percent formalin solution, were sectioned transversely through the crowns. The sections were ground to the thickness of about 1 mm. or less; decalcified by Bödecker's process in a mixture of methyl alcohol, nitric acid, and celloidin; freed from celloidin with a mixture of ethyl alcohol and ether, and kept in ethyl alcohol. Throughout this procedure the residual structure of the enamel retained the original outlines. A portion of the soft yellowish-white enamel residue, about a millimeter wide and several millimeters long was gently teased away, transferred carefully with a pipette to water, in which it was soaked for the removal of soluble extraneous matter; and then pipetted cautiously to a microscope slide, where the identity of the material was confirmed and absence of dentinal admixture established. At this stage the particle was slightly acid in reaction to litmus. The quantities of this material in dental enamel differ widely. The fragment of soft enamel residue, which remained intact during these manipulations, was then treated on the slide with a few drops of Gies's reagent for Piotrowsky's (“biuret”) test. Gradually the particle under microscopic examination acquired a lavender tinge of uneven intensity, the coloration ultimately becoming evident to the naked eye. This result was obtained as well with fully as with incompletely decalcified specimens. The Molisch test for carbohydrate, and the ammoniacal silver test for aldehydes, applied to other pieces, were negative, indicating that the result with Gies's reagent was due neither to a reducing substance derived from the celloidin nor to retained formalin.

Solubility of mannite in mixtures of ethyl alcohol and water

1. 1. The solubility of mannite in alcohol-water mixtures, containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 per cent. of ethyl alcohol, has been determined at 0, 15, 25, 35, 50 and 60°. 2. 2. Within the temperature range studied, the logarithm of the solubility of mannite in mixtures of ethyl alcohol and water at any temperature is a function of the solubility in pure water, the mole fraction of alcohol present in the solvent and the absolute temperature: while at a particular temperature, it is a function of the solubilities in the pure components and the mole fractions of these components.

CCLVIII.—Properties of mixtures of ethyl alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, and water

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.

XLII.—An Improved Method of Esterification.

WHEN a mixture of ethyl alcohol, benzene, and water is fractionated, a ternary mixture of all three distils over first at a temperature of 68°C.Taylor has made use of this fact in the preparation of the ethyl esters of high boiling-point acids.His method is a great improvement on the old methods, but it is not continuous, and is tedious when large quantities of ester have to be prepared.To remedy these defects the apparatus described in this paper was devised.

LXXVII.—Evaporation and dissociation. Part VII. A study of the thermal properties of a mixture of ethyl alcohol and ethyl oxide

LXXVII.—Evaporation and dissociation. Part VII. A study of the thermal properties of a mixture of ethyl alcohol and ethyl oxide