Ethos Of Responsibility Research Articles

“Students find corporate reforms absurd”: Bryn Mawr Student’s Mobilization for Divestment from Apartheid South Africa

In 1986, Bryn Mawr College’s endowment held $8 million or 8.33% of its $96 million endowment in investments tied to Apartheid in South Africa. In line with other major US institutions who believed they must act moral in the face of violent and exploitative system of racial discrimination, the Board of Trustees, the governing body that oversees college operations and finances, proposed a plan in 1985 to divest from subsidiaries of their stock in South Africa if Apartheid was still in place 24 months later in 1987. This came at the tail end of the international movement to oppose and end Apartheid through economic pressures. Bryn Mawr students would reject this plan, occupying buildings and mobilizing campus to disrupt Board meetings. Students said they would not rest until full divestment. Their movement held a shared commitment to ending Apartheid in South Africa and to ending racism in the United States. This paper narrates how the social and economic movements against Apartheid panned out at Bryn Mawr College in the 1980s. Based on my original primary source research at Bryn Mawr and Haverford Colleges’ special collections, I uncover the tactics and frameworks of the student movement to divest as well as the college’s response. Inevitably, the administration took partial measures to accommodate some of the demands of the student movement for divestment. The nexus between the student movement for divestment and the college administration took new heights in 1986. In this year, the students rejected the college’s newly presented plan for divestment, as they understood it as a mere palliative measure in the face of the violence and racism of Apartheid. To understand the student zeitgeist at the time , I illuminate the historical context of the movement against Apartheid by situating it in relation to the preceding anti-War and Civil Rights movements. The later era of activism precipitated into the New Left movement, which was a radical student movement grounded in ideas of political and economic democracy. I provide readers with a primer on the foundations of ethical investment in South Africa. The college’s plan embodied the corporate responsibility ethos of the 80s, which sought to maintain capitalism and pacify very popular alternatives through modest reforms. These principles undergirded Bryn Mawr College’s eventual divestment strategy, which sought to maintain profit and to make a statement about their opposition to the political system of Apartheid. To make this argument, I draw on archival discussions of corporate responsibility politics and the theory of change they espouse which forwarded reform through pressuring the companies they held stock in. I engage in an analysis of discourses emerging from a school-sponsored trip to South Africa in the winter of 1986, which was dubbed a “Peace Mission Fact Finding Trip.” This analysis is essential to understanding student and faculty perspectives, as there was not a consensus on the subject. In the end, Bryn Mawr adopted a divestment plan that was in the name of corporate responsibility. They wrote letters to the corporations they held stock in who had subsidiaries in South Africa, and asked what they were going to do to end Apartheid. The school sold $651,558 in 1986 of stock from the 5 companies, a mere 0.67% of the total endowment.

Green accounting in Indonesia pathways to sustainable economic development

This study examines the implementation and impact of Green Accounting practices in Indonesia, a nation at the crossroads of rapid economic growth and environmental sustainability challenges. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines qualitative insights from interviews with policymakers, corporate accountants, environmental NGOs, and academic experts, with quantitative analysis from company surveys and national environmental indicators. The findings reveal a growing awareness and gradual adoption of Green Accounting practices among Indonesian businesses, driven by regulatory pressures, international collaboration, and a burgeoning corporate social responsibility ethos. However, the study also identifies significant barriers to widespread implementation, including technical expertise gaps, regulatory shortcomings, and limited recognition of the long-term economic benefits of environmental sustainability. Despite these challenges, the research underscores the potential of Green Accounting to reconcile economic development with environmental preservation in Indonesia. The study contributes to the discourse on sustainable development by highlighting the importance of regulatory support, capacity building, and mindset shifts towards long-term sustainability. It calls for a concerted effort among stakeholders to overcome existing obstacles and fully realize the benefits of Green Accounting for Indonesia's future.

ЕТИКА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ У НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯХ ТА ІННОВАЦІЯХ: ГЛОБАЛЬНА ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА

The ethical dimension of scientific research and its relevance to socio-cultural transformations is traditional for philosophical discourse, however, for Ukrainian philosophy, the resolution of global and local contradictions in the development of the scientific sphere is of particular importance. The question of the ethical foundation of conducting scientific research and developing innovations, the balance between the search for scientific solutions for specific scientific problems, and the ethos of civilizational responsibility, inclusion in the civilizational agenda with its corresponding regulatory procedures, is debatable in the global research space. Modern social turbulence leaves its mark on the field of scientific and innovative activity, which requires the adoption of an updated value paradigm in response to these challenges (global — Industry 4.0, sustainable development, etc. ); national — military aggression, political modernization, etc. ). It was possible to demonstrate that the concept of «responsible research and innovation», not only at the level of political declarations, but also of social practice, can act as a basis for the development of the Ukrainian sphere of science and innovative development. The real practice of implementing the ethos of responsibility in the field of science and innovation requires not only a developed state policy, but also an update of the key provisions of the philosophy of education in the field of training scientifically gifted youth.

The Personal Responsibility Pandemic: Centering Solidarity in Public Health and Employment Law

The personal responsibility ethos that has driven the US response to the coronavirus pandemic has been ineffective, atomizing, and unjust. Restrictions on public services and private activities have disproportionately burdened people living in low-income households, people with disabilities, people of color, and women. At the same time, the severe illnesses and deaths that have continued to occur in spite of public health responses have been disproportionately concentrated among people of color, disabled people, and low-wage workers. This paper argues that fundamentally individualistic employment and antidiscrimination laws have undermined—rather than supported—disempowered workers’ ability to protect themselves and others. The law has failed to protect people who live and work in congregate institutions (including nursing homes, prisons, jails, detention facilities, factories, and warehouses . . . and, perhaps soon, schools) and thus has failed to protect the broader communities with which these institutions are interconnected. Together, public health and employment laws have put the onus on individuals to adopt protective behaviors without providing them with the supports, accommodations, and protections they need to do so. We identify three key areas for reform to ensure more effective and just pandemic response—for this pandemic and the next one—built on a core commitment to social solidarity in public health law and employment and antidiscrimination law. First, public health law should prioritize supports that create the conditions required mitigate the spread of infection over punitive measures targeting individuals. Second, employment law should protect workers from infection, including through workplace safety, privacy, and antidiscrimination protections that enable them to adopt protective health behaviors. Third, for individuals for whom returning to work would be especially unsafe—whether because their employers maintain particularly dangerous conditions or because of their own, or their family members’, underlying health conditions—employment law should remove any obligation to return to work while the special dangers associated with the pandemic persist. In addition to making concrete proposals for reform, our argument contributes to the academic literature in both public health and employment law. First, we show that a broad vision of public health law that encompasses action on the social determinants of health in “non-health” sectors such as employment and antidiscrimination law is not only tenable, but essential. The US experience with the coronavirus pandemic puts the final nail in the coffin of the “old” public health, which its cramped focus on microbial and behavioral interventions. Second, we bring to the foreground an additional justification for employment and antidiscrimination law—to promote solidarity by ensuring that the burdens and benefits of measures that serve the public as a whole are shared equitably. Social solidarity may offer a useful way of understanding the application of these bodies of law in other health-related contexts as well, such as genetic discrimination and workplace injuries. Third, we show that the attribution of fault and responsibility is a persistent obsession of employment and antidiscrimination law. These points should be of broad interest to employment and public health law scholars alike.

Resilience and Self-Reliance in Canadian Food Charter Discourse

This article interrogates the rhetoric of “self-reliance” as a common feature of discourses about individual and community resilience by examining Canadian food charters in the context of regional food systems aimed at improving community food security. Despite the association of food charters with alternative food systems and progressive politics, we find that their ambiguous and shifting appeals to self-reliance largely conflict with their stated social justice goals of community food security, particularly the goal of alleviating the distress of food insecurity for vulnerable community members. Overall, we argue that the rhetoric of self-reliance in Canadian food charters primarily perpetuates a neoliberal ideology of resilience that promotes an active, enterprising ethos of responsibility for one’s own well-being, whether at the level of individuals, communities, or food systems. Our study thus contributes to critical scholarship that contextualizes and problematizes specific sites and practices of resilience discourse.

Nursing students' perspective on a caring relationship in clinical supervision.

Nursing students spend approximately half of their time in clinical practice. It is important that clinical supervisors understand nursing students' path of learning and can support their growth and development during the different and multifaceted learning situations offered in the clinical-practice period. Based on nursing students' perspective and rooted in the didactics of caring science, to examine how a learning and constructive caring relationship between nursing students and supervisors in clinical practice can be formed. Qualitative and quantitative concurrent triangulation design of mixed methods. Focus group interviews with Finnish nursing students (n = 21) in the qualitative part of the study. In the quantitative part, a closed questionnaire with closed answers was analysed using descriptive statistics. The analysis process was conducted using inductive content analysis. Ethical issues were considered throughout the research process according to ethical principles and scientific guidelines. Informed consent was obtained from the informants, confidentiality regarding the data material was guaranteed and quotations were anonymized. A caring relationship between nursing students and supervisors is based on mutual respect, the ethos of responsibility, motivation, willingness and professionalism. Dignity and a caring ethical approach, where nursing students feel they belong, are recognized, seen and heard enables learning and professional development. It is also significant that the supervisor's actions and reflections are ethically defensible, equal and protect nursing students from suffering and various power relationships in clinical practice. A good cooperative relationship and shared responsibility between the nurse education institution, which offers theory and prepares nursing students for the encounter with clinical practice and the healthcare organizations is crucial for enabling a caring relationship in clinical supervision.

Political parties and mortality: The role of social status and personal responsibility

Previous research findings across a variety of nations show that affiliation with the conservative party is associated with greater longevity; however, it is thus far unclear what characteristics contribute to this relationship. We examine the political party/mortality relationship in the United States context. The goal of this paper is two-fold: first, we seek to replicate the mortality difference between Republicans and Democrats in two samples, controlling for demographic confounders. Second, we attempt to isolate and test two potential contributors to the relationship between political party affiliation and mortality: (1) socioeconomic status and (2) dispositional traits reflecting a personal responsibility ethos, as described by the Republican party. Graduate and sibling cohorts from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study were used to estimate mortality risk from 2004 to 2014. In separate Cox proportional hazards models controlling for age and sex, we adjusted first for markers of socioeconomic status (such as wealth and education), then for dispositional traits (such as conscientiousness and active coping), and finally for both socioeconomic status and dispositional traits together. Clogg's method was used to test the statistical significance of attenuation in hazard ratios for each model. In both cohorts, Republicans exhibited lower mortality risk compared to Democrats (Hazard Ratios = 0.79 and 0.73 in graduate and sibling cohorts, respectively [p < 0.05]). This relationship was explained, in part, by socioeconomic status and traits reflecting personal responsibility. Together, socioeconomic factors and dispositional traits account for about 52% (graduates) and 44% (siblings) of Republicans' survival advantage. This study suggests that mortality differences between political parties in the US may be linked to structural and individual determinants of health. These findings highlight the need for better understanding of political party divides in mortality rates.

An Ethos of Responsibility and Indigenous Women Water Protectors in the #NoDAPL Movement

This work builds upon Elizabeth Archuleta’s (Yaqui) term “ethos of responsibility” by contextualizing it within the #NoDAPL movement and applies a cultural rhetorics methodology to constellate an understanding of an ethos of responsibility utilized by Indigenous women water protectors in the #NoDAPL movement, as seen in video-recorded interviews selected from the #NoDAPL digital archive. This study attempts to understand the rhetoric of Indigenous women water protectors through the lens of Indigenous feminism(s), Indigenous rhetoric(s), and Dakota/Lakota/Nakota history and worldviews. When speaking from an ethos of responsibility, the water protectors featured in this study locate agency in traditional teachings and in the experience of Indigenous women, including responsive care in/to the interconnectedness of life, the special role of women in the care of water, and the collective survival of Indigenous women in colonial and patriarchal violence.

An Ethos of Responsibility and Indigenous Women Water Protectors in the #NoDAPL Movement

An Ethos of Responsibility and Indigenous Women Water Protectors in the #NoDAPL Movement

Navigating research ethics in the absence of an ethics review board: The importance of space for sharing

Ethics review committees have become a common institution in English-speaking research communities, and are now increasingly being adopted in a variety of research environments. In light of existing debates on the aptness of ethics review boards for assessing research work in the social sciences, this article investigates the ways in which researchers navigate issues of research ethics in the absence of a formal review procedure or of an ethics review board. Through the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data, the article questions the overall utility of ethics review boards. Highlighting the importance of space for sharing, the authors argue for the development of a new type of structure that takes into account researchers’ ‘ethos of responsibility’ as an adequate ethical compass for research in the social sciences.

Qualitative Freedom and Cosmopolitan Responsibility

Resting as it does on the principle of freedom, today’s global economic system is in need of a global economic ethos of responsibility so as to assure its social and ecological sustainability. Not all ideas of freedom, however, are equally amenable to conceptions of cosmopolitan responsibilities. This article examines how quantitative versus qualitative notions of freedom respectively respond to this challenge. Simply put, quantitative models hinder the integration of responsibility into models of economic rationality whereas qualitative conceptions advance it. As a consequence, efforts to promote a humanistic paradigm of economics and management fare better when oriented at a qualitative idea of freedom. Cast along the lines of a qualitative conception of freedom, corporate responsibility more readily takes on a cosmopolitan dimension apt to meet the needs of the current age of globality.

Корпоративная финансовая политика и финансовые правила

The implementation of a corporate financial policy in order to establish the fiscal discipline and fiscal responsibility ethos, to maintain macroeconomic stability, to provide a confidence environment and predictability in the economy, to achieve a balanced generation distribution of financial burdens and benefits and to realize the sustainability of public finance from on a long-term basis has become increasingly widespread in developing countries. In the widespread implementation of the institutional fiscal policy, public deficits resulting from prosperity / monetary policy, played a major role in the financing of tax and non-tax resources, and the impact and consequences of this explicit financing. In this study basic literature, theoretical, philosophical and intellectual background of budgetary policies has been summarized. The article has also studied and examined financial rule applications.

Doing well by doing good? Normative tensions underlying Twitter’s corporate social responsibility ethos

This article examines the rhetoric of Twitter.com in order to gain insight into the company’s normative self-understanding, or ethos. From a business ethics perspective, we analyze Twitter’s ethos in relation to debates around democratic communication and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Partly thanks to its CSR strategy, Twitter has acquired the critical mass of users necessary to successfully establish a robust and financially viable social network. Despite its success, however, we argue that Twitter does not sufficiently address three ethical implications of its strategy: (1) from an ethical perspective, Twitter mainly seems to employ an ‘instrumental CSR’ ethos that fails to properly recognize the moral rights, responsibilities, and strategic challenges of corporate actors with regard to their stakeholders; (2) this issue becomes all the more pressing because online social networks to a certain extent have taken on the role of quasi-governmental bodies today, regulating what their users can and cannot do, thus raising questions of accountability and legitimacy; and (3) in Twitter’s case, this leads to normative tension between the site's rhetoric, which is centered around civic motives, and the way its Terms of Service and licensing policies seem to favor its commercial stakeholders over its noncommercial ones.

Ditchin' the Master's Gardening Tools for Our Own: Growing a Womanist Methodology from the Grassroots

© 2015 by the board of trustees of the university of ill inois This essay explores the autoethnographic possibilities of critical service-learning research and the emerging realities of a community-centered womanist methodological response. As Cynthia Dillard points out, “[T]he underlying understanding of the nature of reality and the forms of discourse one employs (or is encouraged or permitted to employ) to construct realities in research . . . significantly impacts not only what can be said and how it is said, but where it is said” (On Spiritual Strivings 1, emphasis added). Drawing from Alice Walker’s definition of womanist as a commitment to “survival and wholeness of entire people, male and female” (xi), I argue that this approach is especially relevant to research centered on urban communities and populations of color. Womanist epistemology challenges assumptions requiring such groups to be represented and “spoken for” based on a singular conception of “truth” through a positivistic lens (Dillard, “On Spiritual Strivings” 4). Given their commitment to Black female cultural expressions, everyday conversations, and life stories, womanist epistemology and theory seek to disrupt dominant ways of knowing. Both have strong implications in research, creating an ethos of responsibility that not only provides a space for previously unheard voices to speak but also builds meaningful relationships among community members and researchers that ensure more accurate representation extending well beyond data collection and interpretation.

Marketing – Environment Sustainability Alignment: an Exploratory and Propositional Study

The purpose of this paper is to present a model of alignment between marketing and the environment in the sustainable operations context. The model is generated from the literature review of Environmental Marketing and Sustainable Products and Operations. A database is used to test the proposed alignment model. Marketing and environment variables are extracted from the database and are included in the Social Responsibility Ethos Institute's Indicators. The answers correspond to respondents' perceptions of their enterprises social accountability level. As a result, the marketing-environment alignment model is validated, partially. Additionally, the data analysis revealed two groups of enterprises in the sample, according to Kärnä, Hansen and Juslin (2003): (1) the smallest, formed by proactive enterprises with the highest environmental consciousness score, and (2) the largest, formed by reactive and consumption enterprises with the lowest environmental consciousness score.

Walls and Bridges: A Comment on Philip Selznick's The Moral Commonwealth

to find a work which, as Selznick's does, systematically interweaves close and deep familiarity with philosophical traditions and mastery of theory, to contribute to a social science of moral ordering (p. 37). In philosophy, Selznick's special allegiance is to American pragmatism, not in its fashionable postmodern reincarnations, but in the version, particularly, of John Dewey. Selznick's conception of theory is a broad one that includes sociology, psychology, and organizational theory. His theory is built up and deployed in a large array of contexts without sacrifice of its cohering aims. These aims are, above all, to develop a theory of the moral person, institution, and community, addressed to their preconditions, character, and development; and to embody a form of liberal communitarianism which bind the ideal of liberty to a more secure ethos of responsibility (p. 373). Many themes of this work are worthy of discussion: Selznick's conception of normative theory; his account of pragmatism; his understanding of and attitude toward modernity and postmodernism; his parallel and cumulative theories of the moral person, institution, and community; his discussions of civility and piety, of rules and principles, of legal positivism and natural law; his appraisals of liberalism and community, and much besides. Indeed, the work is so rich and its themes so various that it will be plundered and pondered for many different purposes for some time to

The legend of Eugene debs: Propheticethosas radical argument

Eugene Debs, widely acknowledged as one of America's foremost radical figures, spoke at a time when the agrarian “ethos of responsibility” was eroding under the pressures of industrialization. In response, Debs fostered a legend that was heavily ethical and called for a renewal of American virtue. Though his radicalism, viewed from the Graeco‐Roman tradition of Quintilian's “good man speaking well,” seems perversely calculated to ensure defeat and to alienate, a less unidimensional and more sympathetic view of Debs's relationship to his time and of his legacy is achieved by looking at him against the fudeo‐Christian tradition of Old Testament prophecy. Such a perspective at least partially reconciles our modern positive evaluation of Debs with his apparent rhetorical failings in his day.