Ethical Considerations Research Articles

The rise of AI: a comprehensive research review

<p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force with far-reaching implications across various domains. This research review provides a comprehensive analysis of the rise of AI, examining its evolution, applications, ethical considerations, and future prospects. The study traces the historical development of AI, highlighting key milestones and technological advancements that have propelled its growth. It explores the wide-ranging applications of AI in sectors such as healthcare, finance, transportation, manufacturing, and entertainment, showcasing its impact on efficiency, decision-making, and user experiences. Ethical considerations surrounding AI, including bias, privacy, and societal implications, are thoroughly discussed. The transformative potential of AI in shaping society is examined, with insights into its effects on employment, education, governance, and societal challenges. Looking ahead, the review identifies emerging technologies and discusses challenges related to data privacy, security, and transparency. The research review concludes by emphasizing the importance of responsible and ethical development of AI, while underscoring the need for continued research and collaboration to fully harness its potential. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, and practitioners seeking a holistic understanding of the rise of AI and its implications.</p>

Modeling of Determinants’ Influence on Consumer Behavior Towards Counterfeit Products in Indonesia and Malaysia

This study investigates customer behavior in the context of purchasing counterfeit products. Specifically, it seeks to assess consumer awareness regarding value consciousness, ethical considerations, and legal sensitivity, which are believed to impact their attitudes and behavior. The study was carried out in both Indonesia and Malaysia. This study uses Smart PLS as a quantitative method and includes a sample of 360 respondents from Indonesia (180) and Malaysia (180) who have bought different types of counterfeit products. This study provides evidence that there is no significant disparity in the consumption intentions of counterfeit products between Indonesians and Malaysians since both nations display a similar trend. The results from both countries are in agreement, indicating that value awareness has a favorable and substantial impact on attitudes, personal gratification has an unfavorable and significant effect on attitudes, ethical sensitivity has a favorable and substantial impact on attitudes, and legal sensitivity has a favorable and substantial effect on attitudes. The impact of attitudes on behavioral intentions is positive and essential, as are subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and habits. Policymakers must acknowledge this conclusion, as business entities that become victims of counterfeit products will inevitably encounter significant challenges if this issue remains unattended. The issue of counterfeit goods in Indonesia and Malaysia has substantial financial implications for both the government and enterprises. Consequently, law enforcement agencies assume a crucial role in addressing this problem.

ACOG Committee Statement No. 9: Ethical Considerations for Increasing Inclusivity in Research Participants

Historically, women, including those who are pregnant or lactating, have traditionally been excluded from research, resulting in a lack of available data on health, disease, and treatment outcomes. This document provides a historical overview of issues surrounding the inclusion of women in research trials. It also provides an ethical framework and discussion for increasing inclusivity for people who identify as women and people who are pregnant, who could have become pregnant, or who are lactating, specifically through the lenses of justice, informed consent, contraception requirements, nongestational parent consent, pregnant individuals as participants in research, and fetal outcomes in research trials.

Application of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in Language Teaching and Learning: A Scoping Literature Review

This scoping literature review examines the application of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), a disruptive technology, in language teaching and learning. Since its launch in November 2022, GenAI has captured global attention with OpenAI's ChatGPT, powered by the generative pre-trained transformer-3 (GPT-3) large-language model. The emergence of GenAI holds immense implications across various domains, including language education. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research and identify research gaps and future directions in this emerging field. The review follows the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and includes eligible publications published between 2017 and July 2023. Four electronic databases were searched and 41 of the 224 initial papers were eventually selected for review. The findings reveal key terms related to GenAI in language education, the most researched language study and education levels, areas of research, attitudes towards GenAI, and the potential benefits and challenges of GenAI application. The review highlights several research gaps, including the need for more empirical studies to assess the effectiveness and impact of GenAI tools, discussion of ethical considerations, targeted interventions for specific language skills, and stakeholder engagement in responsible integration. Educators are encouraged to incorporate GenAI tools into their teaching practices while remaining vigilant about potential risks. Continuous professional development for educators is crucial to ensure informed decision-making and effective integration of GenAI tools. This scoping review contributes to the existing knowledge on the use of GenAI in language education and informs future research and practice in this disruptive and rapidly evolving field.

Skin cancer diagnosis using the deep learning advancements: a technical review

It is vital in today's technologically advanced society to combat skin cancer using machines rather than human intervention. Any time the look of the skin changes abnormally, there is a danger that the person might be at risk for skin cancer. Dermatology expertise and computer vision methods must be merged to diagnose melanoma more effectively. Because of this, it is necessary to learn about numerous detection methods to help doctors discover skin cancer at an early stage. This research paper provides a comprehensive technical review of the advancements in using deep learning techniques for the diagnosis of skin cancer. Since skin cancer is so prevalent, early identification is essential for better treatment results. Among the medical uses where deep learning, a kind of machine learning, has shown promise is in the identification of skin cancer. This research investigates the most cutting-edge skin cancer diagnostic deep-learning approaches, datasets, and assessment metrics currently in use. This study discusses the benefits and drawbacks of using deep learning for skin cancer detection. Challenges include ethical and privacy considerations about patient data, the incorporation of models into clinical procedures, and problems with dataset bias and generalisation.

Artificial Intelligence: From Theory to Application and Ethical Considerations

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across various domains, driving technological advancements and reshaping societal landscapes. This article presents a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted facets of AI, encompassing its foundational concepts, diverse applications, and critical ethical considerations. The article begins by elucidating the fundamental principles of AI, encompassing machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing, providing readers with a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving AI's capabilities. Subsequently, the article delves into the wide-ranging applications of AI, spanning across industries such as healthcare, finance, education, transportation, and more. In each domain, AI's potential to augment decision-making, optimize processes, and foster innovation is analyzed, offering insights into the transformative potential of this technology in diverse sectors. Furthermore, the article tackles the increasingly crucial ethical implications arising from AI's pervasive integration into society. It critically examines issues of bias, fairness, transparency, and accountability that AI systems can manifest, impacting individuals and communities. The potential consequences of AI on privacy, data protection, and human autonomy are also assessed, prompting discussions on the necessity of ethical frameworks to govern AI development and deployment. The article adopts a balanced approach by acknowledging the immense potential of AI in enhancing human lives while acknowledging the need for responsible development and ethical considerations.

Advancements and Applications of Generative Adversarial Networks: A Comprehensive Review

Abstracts: Our paper offers a comprehensive exploration of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), tracing their evolution from Ian Goodfellow's seminal work to their current state-of-the-art status. Delving into the intricacies of GAN architecture and training dynamics, we illuminate their pivotal role in diverse applications such as image synthesis, style transfer, and text-toimage conversion. Through an exhaustive literature review, we dissect the progression of GAN architectures, from Vanilla GANs [1] to advanced variants like Progressive GANs [7] and StyleGANs [8], highlighting their techniques, contributions, and performance across benchmark datasets. Moreover, we confront challenges such as training instability and mode collapse, while also presenting a meticulously curated repository of contemporary generative model advancements. This repository encapsulates the cutting edge of GAN research, showcasing innovative approaches across domains ranging from financial forecasting to image restoration. Despite hurdles and ethical considerations, GANs persist as the vanguard of generative modeling, propelling forward the frontiers of artificial intelligence and creative synthesis.

Advancements in Visual Prosthetics: The Visionary Bionic Model

Abstract: The Visionary Bionic Model represents a paradigm shift in the field of visual prosthetics, offering new hope to individuals afflicted by retinal degenerative diseases. This journal paper provides a comprehensive overview of the foundational framework, operational mechanics, and advancements associated with the Visionary Bionic Model. Beginning with a historical context, the paper traces the evolution of bionic eyes from early conceptualizations to contemporary innovations. It explores the technological underpinnings of the Visionary Bionic Model, including microelectrode arrays, image acquisition systems, and signal processing algorithms. Clinical trials and case studies are examined to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Visionary Bionic Model in restoring sight to individuals with visual impairments. The paper also discusses challenges and limitations inherent in current bionic vision systems, such ` resolution and compatibility issues, and proposes avenues for future research and development. Ethical considerations surrounding accessibility, affordability, and informed consent are addressed, emphasizing the importance of responsible innovation. Ultimately, the Visionary Bionic Model holds promise as a transformative solution for individuals living with retinal degenerative diseases, offering renewed possibilities for enhanced vision and quality of life.

The Changing Landscape of Healthcare with State of the Art AI Technology

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, offering unparalleled opportunities to enhance patient outcomes, streamline processes, and reduce costs. This abstract provides an overview of the diverse applications of AI in healthcare, including medical imaging analysis, predictive analytics, personalized treatment plans, and administrative tasks automation. By leveraging machine learning algorithms and big data analytics, AI enables healthcare professionals to make more accurate diagnoses, predict disease progression, and customize treatment regimens tailored to individual patient needs. Furthermore, AI-powered tools facilitate the automation of routine administrative tasks, allowing healthcare providers to focus more on patient care. Despite the promising advancements, challenges such as data privacy concerns, regulatory hurdles, and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration remain. This abstract underscores the immense potential of AI in revolutionizing healthcare delivery while highlighting the importance of addressing associated ethical and regulatory considerations for its widespread adoption.

Legal accountability and ethical considerations of AI in financial services

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the financial services industry, offering unparalleled opportunities for efficiency, innovation, and personalized services. However, along with its benefits, AI in financial services raises significant legal and ethical concerns. This paper explores the legal accountability and ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI in financial services, aiming to provide insights into how these challenges can be addressed. The legal accountability of AI in financial services revolves around the allocation of responsibility for AI-related decisions and actions. As AI systems become more autonomous, questions arise about who should be held liable for AI errors, misconduct, or regulatory violations. This paper examines the existing legal frameworks, such as data protection laws, consumer protection regulations, and liability laws, and assesses their adequacy in addressing AI-related issues. Ethical considerations in AI implementation in financial services are paramount, as AI systems can impact individuals' financial well-being and access to services. Issues such as algorithmic bias, transparency, and fairness are critical in ensuring ethical AI practices. This paper discusses the importance of ethical guidelines and frameworks for AI development and deployment in financial services, emphasizing the need for transparency, accountability, and fairness. The paper also examines the role of regulatory bodies and industry standards in addressing legal and ethical challenges associated with AI in financial services. It proposes recommendations for policymakers, regulators, and industry stakeholders to promote responsible AI practices, including the development of clear guidelines, enhanced transparency measures, and mechanisms for accountability. Overall, this paper highlights the complex interplay between AI, legal accountability, and ethical considerations in the financial services industry. By addressing these challenges, stakeholders can harness the full potential of AI while ensuring that it is deployed in a responsible and ethical manner, benefiting both businesses and consumers.

AI-powered Neuroprosthetics for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs)

Imagine a world where individuals with lost or impaired sensory or motor function can regain independence and control through technology. This is the promise of neuroprosthetics, a rapidly evolving field that bridges the gap between the nervous system and external devices. Neuroprosthetics encompass a range of implanted or external devices designed to: Substitute for a malfunctioning part of the nervous system. Assist in the recovery or enhancement of lost or impaired function. Augment existing capabilities, creating new possibilities. These devices interact with the nervous system using various methods, including: Electrical stimulation: Directly stimulating nerves or brain tissue to evoke desired responses. Recording brain activity: Capturing electrical signals generated by the brain for further processing and interpretation. Common applications of neuroprosthetics include: Cochlear implants: Restoring hearing in individuals with severe hearing loss. Deep brain stimulation (DBS): Treating movement disorders like Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. Bionic limbs: Providing control of prosthetic arms and legs for individuals with limb loss. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs): Enabling communication and control of external devices using brain signals alone. Neuroprosthetics offer a glimpse into the future of medicine and technology. With ongoing advancements, these devices have the potential to revolutionize how we treat neurological conditions, restore lost abilities, and even enhance human potential. However, significant challenges remain, including ensuring long-term safety, improving accuracy and reliability, and addressing ethical considerations. As research continues, neuroprosthetics holds immense potential to improve the lives of millions and redefine what it means to be human. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with neuroprosthetics has marked a significant milestone in the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). This emerging synergy aims to enhance the quality of life for individuals with disabilities by restoring lost sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. This review article explores the advancements in AI-powered neuroprosthetics for BCIs, focusing on their design, functionality, and the ethical considerations that accompany their integration into medical practice.

Advanced risk management models for supply chain finance

This review paper delves into the transformative potential of advanced risk management models in enhancing the resilience and efficiency of supply chain finance (SCF). By examining the application and development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Big Data analytics, and blockchain technology, the paper highlights their role in transitioning from traditional reactive strategies to proactive and predictive risk management approaches. Despite the promising advantages, the paper also addresses the significant implementation challenges, model limitations, and regulatory and ethical considerations accompanying these technological advancements. Recommendations for effective deployment and areas for future research, particularly in overcoming existing hurdles and exploring emerging technologies, are also discussed. This comprehensive analysis aims to guide academics, industry professionals, and policymakers in harnessing advanced risk management models for a more robust SCF ecosystem.

The nexus of minds unveiling the significance of AI in mental health and viable remedie

The world is evolving at a cutthroat rate, and the integration of mental well-being and technology can yield promising results. For this reason, I have created The Nexus of Minds, which focuses on exploring the role of AI in changing the dynamics and thought processes of how we address and approach mental health issues. I am focusing on the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence as a force for accessible, personalized, and effective mental healthcare. Mental healthcare has a huge spectrum, and I am exploring the multifaceted applications of AI, which have the potential to change the landscape. Machine Learning, Data Analytics, and Natural Language Processing have shown immense advancements, which is empowering AI to redefine how mental health issues are diagnosed and treated. Ranging from earlier intervention through continuous monitoring to all-time support, this book focuses on different ways in which AI solutions are improving the quality of mental healthcare and clinical results. It focuses on how AI is empowering people on their mental health journey. In addition to the technological innovation, I will navigate through the ethical considerations that need to be focused on, including but not limited to privacy, algorithmic bias, data privacy and security, and the role of human connection and empathy in mental healthcare. By understanding these essentials, I am offering insights into the responsible, ethical, and balanced integration of AI into mental health support. Moreover, this book focuses on apps and chatbots that are already providing help to people struggling with mental health illnesses and how they are benefiting from AI-centric mental health services. As a result, the readers will be able to gain an understanding of how AI will improve the quality of mental healthcare and destigmatize mental health conditions. With "The Nexus of Minds," I envision a future where AI won't be merely a tool but an absolute force in mental healthcare by breaking down the stigma and societal barriers to give hope to struggling people. This book will become a guiding beacon, providing information about the seamless coexistence of ethical and compassionate mental healthcare and tech advancement. I have taken an interdisciplinary approach, making it a promising resource for healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers, and common people who want to see a bright future in the mental health industry.

The evolution of AI: What does the future hold in the next two years

Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved rapidly in recent years, transforming several industries and reshaping cultural norms. This article examines the current state of AI technology, focusing on significant trends and developments that have accelerated its growth. This paper sheds light on the evolving environment of AI innovation by examining current breakthroughs in machine learning, deep learning, and ethical concerns surrounding AI deployment. The following two years should see substantial advances in natural language processing, computer vision, and autonomous systems. Despite the excitement, difficulties such as ethical considerations, regulatory frameworks, and societal repercussions loom large, needing careful study and decisive action. This study aims to inform stakeholders about the transformative potential of AI and the methods required to properly navigate its growing landscape by conducting a balanced examination of opportunities and challenges.

Managing global supply chain teams: human resource strategies for effective collaboration and performance

This study examines the role of human resource (HR) strategies in enhancing collaboration and performance within global supply chains, an area of increasing importance in the context of globalized business operations. The primary objective is to identify and analyze current trends in HR practices that contribute to effective global supply chain management, focusing on adaptability, technological integration, sustainability, and ethical practices. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis as its methodology, the study draws on academic journals, conference proceedings, and industry reports from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Key findings reveal that adaptability and flexible work arrangements, supported by digital HR technologies, are essential for operational resilience and employee engagement. The integration of sustainability and ethical considerations into HR practices is identified as crucial for maintaining competitive advantage and ensuring regulatory compliance. Furthermore, the development of cultural intelligence and inclusive leadership within global teams is highlighted as vital for fostering effective collaboration across diverse cultural landscapes. The study concludes that strategic HR management plays a pivotal role in navigating the challenges and leveraging the opportunities within global supply chains. Recommendations for practitioners emphasize the importance of continuous learning, embracing digital transformation, and integrating sustainability into HR practices. The study also outlines areas for further research, including the impact of emerging technologies on HR practices and the long-term effects of sustainable HR strategies on organizational performance. This research contributes valuable insights into optimizing HR strategies to enhance global supply chain collaboration and performance.

EFFECTIVENESS OF MENTAL MATH STRATEGY IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS TO GRADE 1 LEARNERS

The research findings unveil significant insights into the effectiveness of a mental math strategy in enhancing the mathematical performance of grade 1 learners. Initially, both control and experimental groups exhibited satisfactory performance attributed to foundational knowledge acquired in kindergarten and initial grade 1 lessons on addition and subtraction. Following the implementation of the mental math strategy, the control group maintained their satisfactory performance, while the experimental group showed remarkable improvement, highlighting the efficacy of instructional materials and drills associated with mental math. Moreover, techniques such as counting up or back and the use of number lines proved effective in augmenting students' mathematical abilities. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed. Firstly, schools and educators are urged to continue enriching students' understanding of whole number concepts using diverse instructional materials and technological resources. Secondly, teachers are encouraged to integrate mental math strategies into their teaching practices, leveraging various learning aids and visual tools to facilitate comprehension. Additionally, both educators and parents are advised to employ counting techniques and number lines through interactive methods such as games and drills to enhance math learning outcomes. Lastly, collaborative learning environments should be fostered, allowing students to engage in problem-solving tasks together, thereby promoting teamwork and peer support while utilizing different mental math strategies. The study's Design and Methodology section provides a comprehensive outline of the research approach, including data collection tools and ethical considerations, employing a descriptive quantitative method to evaluate the efficacy of the mental math strategy in teaching addition.

Establishment of a functional Orthopaedic Department in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital: The problems, peculiarities and prospects

Establishing a functional orthopaedic department in a Nigerian teaching hospital faces challenges like staff attitude, equipment shortages, and regulatory hurdles. Solutions include infrastructure development, equipment procurement, and staff recruitment. Strategies for equipment shortages include capital investment and improved inventory management. Cultural competence training and community involvement address cultural factors impacting patient care. Quality control and innovation are crucial, necessitating audits and research collaborations. Ethical considerations, like patient consent, are paramount. Intramural Private Practice (IPP) integrates private and institutional healthcare, enhancing service delivery. Structured guidelines ensure operational integrity. Overall, a holistic approach focusing on staff management, quality, and patient-centred care is essential for a successful establishment. Keywords: orthopaedic department, challenges, solutions, cultural factors, quality control.

A review of strategic decision-making in marketing through big data and analytics

This review paper delves into the transformative impact of big data and analytics on strategic marketing decision-making. Examining the integration of vast datasets and analytical tools in marketing strategies highlights how these technological advancements enable a deeper understanding of customer behavior, enhance product development, and provide a competitive edge. The review underscores the importance of data-driven insights in formulating personalized marketing strategies and the critical role of analytics in predictive and prescriptive decision-making. It addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with big data usage, emphasizing the need for robust data governance and ethical practices. The paper suggests future research directions, focusing on emerging technologies and methodologies that could further influence strategic marketing decisions.

Initial Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Students’ Artificial Intelligence Knowledge in Education

This research investigates students' knowledge in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education through the administration of a formulated questionnaire. Drawing upon insights from thematic analysis of qualitative responses and computation of Cronbach's alpha coefficients, the study aims to produce a tool to assess tertiary level students' understanding regarding AI integration in academic settings. Results reveal varying degrees of awareness, knowledge, and confidence among students, highlighting thematic areas such as perceived benefits, ethical considerations, and disciplinary perspectives. While the questionnaire demonstrates validity, reliability, and scalability as a measurement tool, limitations including response bias and generalizability are acknowledged. Implications for educational practice and research are discussed, emphasizing the utility of the questionnaire in informing curriculum development, professional development initiatives, policy decisions, and future research directions. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into students' perspectives on AI in education, offering a foundation for enhancing AI literacy, fostering ethical awareness, and shaping the future of AI integration in educational settings.

Understanding the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing GRC practices in cybersecurity

In cybersecurity, the integrity and security of data and systems can be preserved with governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) practices. As the complexity of cyber threats increases, organizations need to enhance their GRC practices with advanced technologies. This research article studies the role of artificial intelligence in reinforcing GRC practices in cybersecurity. The study provides a comprehensive GRC overview in the context of cybersecurity, highlighting its importance in maintaining a secure and compliant environment. It then examines how AI can enhance GRC practices, including analyzing data, automating compliance processes, and identifying potential threats. Furthermore, the paper discusses implementing AI-driven GRC solutions, outlining key organizational considerations and best practices. It also addresses ethical and regulatory considerations surrounding AI in GRC in decision-making processes. This study highlights insights into how AI can effectively strengthen cybersecurity GRC practices, ultimately helping governments and organizations mitigate risks and enhance their cybersecurity posture in an increasingly digital world.