Eternal Nature Research Articles

Non-perpetual eternal inflation and the emergent de Sitter Swampland conjecture

We introduce a novel correlation, ns\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$n_{\ ext {s}}$$\\end{document} - ΔN\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\Delta N$$\\end{document}, connecting CMB parameters to the required total e-folds for eternal inflation. This correlation provides a robust tool for evaluating eternal (string) inflation models using CMB data and explores the impact of quantum fluctuations on non-attractor phases. By generalizing eternal inflation criteria, our parameterization simplifies rigorous testing of predictions and reveals a link between refined de Sitter conjecture parameters and the eternal nature of the cosmic landscape. This points to a general tendency towards eternal behavior in low-energy effective field theories within the landscape, opening the possibility for our cosmic stage to potentially embrace a ’multiverse’ scenario.

Reconceiving Trinitarian Creatorship and Redeemership through a Dialogue between Robert Jenson and Karl Barth: Soteriological Panentheism

In this article, I explore the significance of the protological and eschatological dimensions of the Trinity, critiquing and building upon the Trinitarian doctrines of Karl Barth and Robert Jenson. The traditional doctrine of the Trinity tends to separate the Triune God’s saving economy, which Barth attempts to reconcile via reclaiming their inseparability in his Church Dogmatics. However, Jenson critiques Barth for continuing to abstract the eternal life of God from God’s act in history and instead proposes an eschatological view of the immanent Trinity as the temporal fulfillment of God’s economic actions. By placing Barth and Jenson in mutual dialogue, I argue for a balanced integration of Barth’s and Jenson’s perspectives, asserting that both the primordial existence and the eschatological fulfillment of the Trinity are critical to understanding the Triune God as the Creator and Redeemer. At the end of the article, I propose a soteriological panentheism that aims to reconcile these dimensions. This scheme highlights the continuous, dynamic interaction between God’s eternal nature and temporal creation.

Korotko’s phenomenological myth of Odesa in Bera and Cucumber: otherness, melancholy and anthropocene

In the research, with the help of the method of mytho-criticism and archetypal analysis (Carl Gustav Jung), the author has analyzed and outlined the chronotope represented in the stories in Bera and Cucumber by Aleksandr Korotko. This book, translated into English by M. Pursglove, was published in London in 2023. With the help of archetypal analysis, the Odesa text was characterized as a mythological one. It has been investigated that the Odesa narrative represents a special worldview of the heroes, who are characterized by a combination of kabbalistic worldview, Christian humanism, Turkish melancholy, contemplativeness that results from the unity of the heroes of the Odesa space with eternal nature elements. The writer reconstructs the Odesa identity in its ontological form: the social interaction between the characters reveals their essence superficially, on the other hand, the anthropocene way of depicting the characters as immanently connected with the elements of nature reveals their universal ontological essence. The Odesa text is represented as mythological one, the loci of which are subordinated to the idea of the immutability of space and time. This is the peculiarity of the chronotope marked by mythological intentions: the characters appear only as variable, fluid entities in the macrocosm of Odesa that as depicted in Korotko’s stories is characterized by the intertwined relationships between the spirit, nature, and humanity from ancient times. Rather than viewing human beings and nature within a subject-object framework, the writer presents a holistic system that reflects an anthropocene perspective of the world. The article argues that traditional logocentric paradigms fall short in capturing and unraveling the identity of Odesa that is intricately woven into the interconnected narratives of Korotko's stories.

Kemuliaan Penjaga Lisan Dari Susut Pandang Hukum Islam

All aspects of human life can run smoothly because they follow established Islamic law. The law regulates in detail the aspects of rersubut because only matters of worship are regulated expressly in the law, the law also regulates matters relating to social life or muamalah which are given a legal basis with several important meanings and rah funds. for humans. The problem is that muamalah is assigned to humans. There are a number of legal principles to achieve certain aspects of human life. Islamic law was revealed to all mankind at one time and every moment until the miniature life ends on the Day of Judgment. Islamic law has a unique, universal and eternal nature. This is outside the proper worship of Allah SWT. We also have to be kind to other people, both in actions and words (speech), because words are a part of the human body that is quite small compared to other parts of the body but can cause sky-high losses. or it could even cause the owner to be thrown into hellfire. One should speak kind words that seem beneficial. If we suspect there is a problem, we should not make a sound because silence can be the first step to help us stay away from things that harm us. Because people who are good at keeping their mouths will occupy a high position in religion. Apart from that, other people are also protected from the dangers posed by our tombstones.

Unraveling immortality and the genesis of human soul in st. Augustine’s selected works

The article intends to explore topics concerning the eternal nature and the origin of the human soul. Augustine’s ontological perspective on humanity upholds the truth of its existence. In ancient philosophy and Christian theology, the doctrine of the immortality of the soul and its origin has been an ongoing area of interest and debate. Saint Augustine, one of the most important theologians and philosophers in the history of the Catholic Church, addressed this issue in his works, considering both philosophical and theological aspects of the existence of the human soul. The author justifies his views by referring to the Holy Bible and to the vital functions of man. Also, he points to the dissimilarity between sensual and mental cognition. As part of its consideration, it relies on the Latin phrase anima rationalis which refers to the rational soul (animus). What speaks for immortality of the soul is the argument of evidence of the lack of a quantitative element, as well as the concepts of truth and life. The foregoing command gives grounds to believe that a human being remains a unique whole of physical and spiritual unity. Also, one of the the key thinks is the certainty of self-knowledge derived from the continuation of gnoseology, which proves that humans are capable of reflective, mind and abstract thinking, and the cognitive activity of the soul shows the ability to transcend the mortal body. This approach does provide a deeper understanding of the role of the soul in human life and in the context of eternity, an important topic in Christian theology and philosophy.

The Spirit of Populus Euphratica Is Integrated into The Four Dimensions of College Students' Social Responsibility Education

The Populus euphratica spirit, with the connotation of hard work, unremitting self-improvement, taking root in the frontier and being willing to contribute, is one of the contents of the spiritual lineage of the Chinese Communist Party, the precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese people, the inexhaustible driving force for the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang to forge ahead, and the spiritual guidance for cultivating college students' social responsibility. Integrating Hu Yang spirit into college students' social responsibility education is the educational mission of Hu Yang Spirit, and it is also the embodiment of The Times value of college students accepting social responsibility education and taking the initiative to bear social responsibility. Based on the spirit of Populus euphratica, this paper expounds the social responsibility of college students from four dimensions: the eternal nature of hard work, the will quality of self-improvement, the feelings of home and country rooted in the border area, and the lofty realm of dedication, so as to continuously improve the ideological quality of college students and make them become new people in the era of building Xinjiang, building the motherland, serving the people and serving the society.

IMPLIKASI PERAN AYAH DALAM MENDIDIK ANAK DARI KISAH KETAATAN NABI IBRAHIM

Obedience in worshiping and carrying out Allah's commands is one of the characteristics that every servant must have towards his Lord. And of course, this noble character must be developed and instilled in every human being from an early age, so that later they will get used to it and become obedient individuals in all orders both in this world and the hereafter. But in actual fact, there are still many parents who fail in educating their children to obey. Allah Himself describes the nature of obedience through the life stories of the Prophets. Among them is the story of the obedience of a father and prophet of Allah Ibrahim 'alaihi salam who was followed by his son prophet Ismail to fulfill the commandments of Allah. The intention of this research is to find out how the description of the obedience of Prophet Ibrahim and the role of a father in fostering his son's obedience. In this study, the author used a qualitative approach with the method of description analysis and maudhu'i interpretation. The author then notes that Prophet Ibrahim had an eternal nature of obedience, fulfilling the commands and tests that Allah gave him without hesitation, and he managed to instill this attitude of obedience in his son Ismail. It is the author's desire that fathers as family educators can make the story of Khalilullah Ibrahim Qudwah Hasanah in building and developing the noble traits that Allah promises in the hereafter.

Direct Dependence on Philo in the Epistle to the Hebrews

Abstract The near consensus opinion that the author of Hebrews was not directly influenced by Philo needs to be reevaluated. Even though there are no obvious cases of borrowing, the cumulative weight of the evidence indicates a more linear relationship than what may be accounted for by situating them both within Hellenistic Judaism. A number of parallels are sufficiently detailed to suggest direct dependence. These parallels are of a formal character, such as the metaphor of the dagger and the particular use of the terms ὑπόστασις, ἀρχηγός, τελειόω, ἄθλησις, τεχνίτης, and δημιουργός, as well of a material nature, concerning the development of key ideas, such as the eternal nature of the Son, his Melchizedekian high-priesthood, and the perception of the heavenly sanctuary.

Reinterpretation of the Meaning of Bait Al-Māl: Study of the Compilation of Islamic Law Articles 191 and 171 Letter I

This research discusses the reinterpretation of the meaning of the bait al-māl through a normative-descriptive method with several approaches, namely regulatory analysis, language and double movement theory (looking at the historical background-events and conditions of society), to be seen in the present context. The interpretation of the meaning of the bait al-māl actually places the role and function of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, both as an institution and manager, so that in the present context, the institution is an institution that manages and develops the assets of Muslims, the results are used for the benefit of meeting the basic needs of life and the welfare of the Muslim community. (especially the group of orphans, the poor, the neglected, many in debt due to the basic necessities of life, and ibn sabīl) and non-Muslims. In respect of inheritance for which there are no heirs, the management institution must understand that it represents the eternal nature of the property and the distribution of its benefits is intended only for the welfare of Muslims, as is the nature of inheritance.

Argumentasi Ibnu Rusyd tentang Eskatologi

Basically the Day of Resurrection is one aspect of the pillars of faith that is believed by the Muslim community. In this study, Ibnu Rushd becomes the main character regarding his views on life in the afterlife. According to him, in the afterlife, the only element that will be revived is the spiritual element. Therefore, according to him, it is different from the views of theologians, who hold fast to the verses of the Qur'an and Sunnah, which reveal that life in the hereafter will be in the form of physical and spiritual awakening. From this, various views on eschatology or human life in the hereafter arise. This study uses a library research method with two sources, namely primary sources and secondary sources. The primary source in question is data from a book written by Ibnu Rushd entitled Tahafut At-Tahafut, while secondary sources are data taken from books, previous research articles, and matters relating to the object of discussion. The results of the research of Ibnu Rushd is one of the philosophers and thinkers from Andalusia who argues that the spiritual will get reward and punishment in the hereafter. This means that death is the separation of spirit and body. Because in this case Allah created the body from the ground. Therefore, the body will actually return to the ground, but the soul will remain eternally, and the one who receives the reward and punishment is the spirit only. According to Ibnu Rushd Eschatology is a science of resurrection in the afterlife or life after death. According to Ibnu Rushd, the discussion of resurrection in the hereafter is spiritual, not physical. Therefore, whatever will be resurrected is a spiritual element, while according to him, the body will not be resurrected because the spiritual has an eternal and eternal nature.

Manusia dalam Filsafat Eksistensi Karl Theodor Jaspers

<p><span lang="EN-US">Humans, as rational animals, are unique creatures with obligations and responsibilities. As rational animals, humans can process and solve their problems and strengthen the nature and purpose of their lives. This study aims to describe Karl Theodor Jaspers' views about humans from the perspective of philosophy, i.e., the enlightenment of existence and boundary situations. This article is descriptive qualitative philosophical research relays on a literature study. Literature data, primary and secondary, were analyzed using the philosophical hermeneutic method concerning verstehen and interpretation. This study shows that existentialism does not preoccupy the "eternal nature" of human beings because that nature is considered something that does not yet exist. Human "essence" is determined in human "existence." The "essence" is "becoming," which is unique to humans. Human existence can be seen in several theses, including unique and not objectified, "I" as a possible existence depends on its relationship with other existences, and existence has freedom. Second, humans as dasein are always contained in certain situations; as existence, humans are always encountered within the limits of the situation, i.e., fate, death, suffering, and struggle</span></p>

Examining The Right To Die In The Context Of Euthanasia: A Critical Analysis

The right to life is a fundamental entitlement, safeguarded by both Article 21 of the Indian Constitution and Article 3 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Every facet of the right to life is subject to judicial scrutiny and contingent upon specific circumstances. Within this realm lies the contentious right to die, often associated with the concept of euthanasia or "mercy killing." Advocates argue that individuals, under certain circumstances, should have the option to choose death rather than being compelled to endure continued existence. Divergent viewpoints on this issue either oppose the legalization of euthanasia or dispute the recognition of the right to die based on particular grounds. Within the boundaries of a dignified life, individuals have the right to confront challenging conditions without succumbing to despair. Such principles are ingrained in Indian culture, with Hinduism emphasizing the eternal nature of the soul and the transformative nature of death for the body. Conversely, the Muslim faith asserts that life should only conclude at Allah's will, supporting a stance aligned with natural death. In contemporary society, there is a growing argument that individuals should be granted the option to choose death under specific circumstances. Consequently, it is imperative for the government and the Parliament to establish pertinent laws and regulations to prevent potential abuses in such situations

이론의 영혼

‘Soul’ is a very traditional, old-fashioned, now archaic, and even obsolete term. Instead of ‘soul,’ today ‘ego’ and ‘self’ have become the dominant terms in both academic and general usage. ‘Self-development’ emphasizes the infinite enhancement of individual ego on the one hand, and ‘self-healing’ trend acknowledges the limitations of this situation on the other. Foucault’s last lectures, however, recalled the case of Socrates’ “taking care of one’s soul.” Socratic care of the soul goes beyond ‘self-reflection’ and forward to the ‘self-care’ of individual inner standards. Socrates puts another emphasis upon ‘parrhèsia’(free speech) so as to avoid the potentially extreme individualist turn of the self care. Foucault wanted to present the Cynic model as a clear example of going further than that of Socrates. Cynics seek to grasp their souls in tense dynamics of subjectivity and its others, and intentionally and constantly test themselves with extreme experiences of even sub-human as well as metaphysical dimension. Here, the soul is not a substance of eternal nature, but rather a constantly doubting and experimenting subject to be established and managed. Theory, as a space of criticism, conjecture, and fiction, creates and maintains its subject of tension and balance between objective reason and subjective argument. Here, intuitive and rational logic interweaves with personal judgment and lifestyle. Freud’s, Foucault’s, and Derrida’s theories represent prototypes of the individual subject’s soul that survives in the age of information and data.

Conceptualization and Specification of the Concept of Episteme in Religious Discourse: A Theoretical and Methodological Analysis

The theoretical explication and conceptualization of the concept of episteme in religious philosophy (Anselm of Canterbury) is carried out; epistemological configurations and specifications of philosophical and theological discourse are revealed (Dietrich Bonhoeffer). Anselm of Canterbury’s epistemological discourse is based on his postulated ontology: the ontological configurability of his ideas ranges from the a priori ability to think of God to reflection on his predicates. The consequence of Anselm of Canterbury’s ideas is the idea that in the act of religious faith, God becomes an ontological reality. Within the framework of the article, it is noted that the ideas of D. Bonhoeffer, like many areas of modern religious philosophy, constitute the context of the study and substantiation of the religious episteme. The simultaneity and discreteness of the act of life correlates in this concept with eternal nature of God. The concept of “irreligious Christianity” by the German theologian is a part of the processes of reforming Christian theology that took place in the 20th century. The article contains a conceptual analysis of theoretical approaches to the study of religion and religious consciousness. The role of religious knowledge in the formation of new approaches to personality and religious life is considered. The concept of religious episteme as an object of philosophical and religious analysis is explicated. The interpretive perspective of the concept of religious episteme is presented, the field of variable possibilities in the study of this phenomenon is revealed, its theoretical configurations and key, dominant features are shown. The work includes the analysis of the concept of religious episteme from the scientific and philosophical points of view, from the point of view of theoretical reflection. The problems of religious epistemology are considered on the base of historical and cultural material of approaches and concepts of both medieval and modern religious philosophy. It is concluded that religious epistemology is also a philosophical and methodological reflection on the possibility of comprehending the ultimate foundations of religious being.

Keats’ Sufi Speaker Jumps Back to Reality: An Evaluation of “Ode to Nightingale”

Sufism predates Romanticism by over 900 years and has an arresting similarity with British Romanticism and American transcendentalism. The faith in an immortal afterlife, the consideration of death as a gateway to eternity, and the belief in the unity of the creator and the creation make the two philosophical genres very close to each other. John Keats, being one of the greatest British romantic poets, has shown numerous occasions where he puts death in a hierarchic position over life, and also describes elements that have eternal nature. Sufism too searches for a greater mystic regardless of the pain and pleasure of the material world. Keats’ “Ode to Nightingale” presents the poet himself having an obsession with the spiritual world of the nightingale but his wish is countered by the sudden return to reality. Hence, through a Sufi evaluation of the ode, the hasty transformation of the poet may be explored. First of all, the definition, origin, and overall practices of Sufism are briefly discussed. Also, how Sufism concurs with other philosophical developments, especially in Europe is also highlighted. Finally, close observation of the poem is made through which the dilemma between Keats’ Sufi and realistic double consciousness is explored.

Символизм vs экспрессионизм (на примере стихотворения Д. Б. Хетагурова «Арвæнгæс» («Похожее на небо»))

The aim of the work is to determine the ways of representing the aesthetics of symbolism and expressionism within the framework of one poetic text by D. B. Khetagurov. The scientific novelty lies in an in-depth analysis of interliterary ties in the Ossetian lyrics of the early XX century, for the first time in the history of the Ossetian literary criticism, the influence of expressionism ideas on D. B. Khetagurov’s creative work is traced and the specifics of the modernist worldview manifestation on ethnic grounds are determined. As a result of the study, the main idea of the tragic split between eternal nature and a mortal man has been revealed, where symbolism is presented in the figurative embodiment of the water element and expressionism - in a lyrical hero’s inner world.

KONSEP PENDIDIKAN MENURUT PLATO DAN IBNU MISKAWAIH

Plato and Ibn Miskawaih were philosophers who contributed greatly in terms of education Using qualitative descriptive research methods, the Author tried to explain the concept of education according to Plato and Ibn Miskawaih. Plato with the concept of education that is more directed to the education of philosophy or the concept of ideas through tiered education aims not only to develop or cultivate, but rather to advocate to the essential truths of an eternal nature and the results of such education, must serve the state. Meanwhile, Ibn Miskawaih with the concept of education directed at moral education which aims to encourage humans to behave well in order to achieve happiness. Both figures are very attentive in education which aims to make children become good human beings and be able to achieve the truth, it will provide great benefits to society and the country. So, the concept of education between the two figures is very suitable to be discussed in an era like this.
 Keywords: The concept of education, Plato and Ibnu Miskawaih.

“O My Mother”: Mormon Fundamentalist Mothers in Heaven and Women's Authority

“O My Mother”: Mormon Fundamentalist Mothers in Heaven and Women's Authority

Analisis Komparatif Alih Fungsi Objek Wakaf Perspektif Fikih Mazhab Syafi’i dan Mazhab Hambali

This study aims to understand the views of the Syafi'i and Hambali Schools about the conversion of the object of waqf and understand the comparison of the views of the two schools. This research uses descriptive normative method, qualitative research type, descriptive analysis approach. Data collection methods are primary data and secondary data. The results of this study are that, first, in the Syafi'i school, it is not permissible to sell waqf objects in the form of mosques on the grounds that the land can still be used for prayer and iktikaf, while the object of waqf other than mosques there are still differences of opinion among the Syafi'i schools themselves, some allow some are not. According to the Hambali school, it is not permissible to sell the object of waqf, but if the object of waqf is no longer useful, it can be sold even if it is a mosque. Second, the meeting point of the two schools of thought is that basically it is not permissible to sell the object of waqf because of its eternal nature, however, the Hambali school adds that if it can still be used, if it cannot then it can be converted or sold so that it can bring benefits and benefits as the purpose of waqf.

ANALISIS KOMPARASI KEBIJAKAN PERPAJAKAN TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE YANG BERLAKU DI INDONESIA DENGAN NEGARA LAIN (UNI EROPA, AUSTRALIA, KOREA SELATAN, INDIA, TIONGKOK, AMERIKA SERIKAT, DAN JEPANG)

Indonesia has experienced an increase in users of e-commerce platforms, resulting in increased income for sellers, both individuals and entities, who conduct online sales transactions. Therefore, the Indonesian government sets a tax policy for online sellers. However, the Indonesian government still has several obstacles, one of which is that e-commerce transactions have an eternal nature. To answer these problems, the author compares the taxation policies on e-commerce transactions that apply in Indonesia with the tax policies on e-commerce transactions that apply in other countries, namely the European Union, Australia, South Korea, India, China, the United States, and Japan. The writing method used by the author is a literature study method. This paper shows that the taxation policy on e-commerce transactions in Indonesia, the European Union, Australia, South Korea, India, China, the United States, and Japan imposes a Value Added Tax (VAT) or the like as a consumption tax on goods. And services as well as sales tax and Income Tax. In addition, several countries have created platforms or special teams to manage taxes from e-commerce transactions, namely the platform Mini One Stop Shop (MOSS), now called OSS (European Union); Korean Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) (South Korea); Professional Team for E-Commerce Taxation (Protect) (Japan). Therefore, Indonesia needs to follow the example of the European Union, South Korea, and Japan in terms of establishing a system or team dedicated to managing tax collection from e-commerce transactions