Etching Treatment Research Articles

Robust 3D porous superhydrophobic foam with excellent photothermal effect and Joule heating effect for efficient all-weather cleanup of highly viscous crude oil spills

Crude oil spill is difficult to deal with and still a global challenge due to its high viscosity. Developing foams with excellent mechanical properties, photothermal effect and Joule heating effect simultaneously to achieve crude oil all-weather recovery is desirable. Here, 3D porous foams were successfully fabricated by the composite of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) by a combination of sacrificial template method and laser etching treatment. Benefiting from the low surface energy of PDMS itself and the micro-nano structures constructed in the preparation, the obtained foams exhibit excellent superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties (WCA of 157° and OCA of 0°). Significantly, MWCNT do not exist as a coating around the foam surface, but as the main component constituting the foam skeleton, so the foam shows excellent mechanical property, low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance, salt resistance and abrasion resistance. Moreover, taking the advantage of the addition of MWCNT, the foam shows excellent photothermal effect requiring 1 sun irradiation to attain a temperature of 60.7 ℃ after 4 min and a stable temperature of 71.6 ℃ after 10 min, and Joule heating effect requiring only 9 V voltage to attain a temperature of 64.5 ℃ after 1.5 min and a stable temperature of 91.1 ℃ after 10 min, respectively. Besides low viscosity oil–water separation, it can achieve rapid crude oil spill recovery under the photothermal effect or Joule heating effect. The combination of the two effects can realize the coupling effect and achieve high-efficiency all-weather high viscosity crude oil recovery, thus making the foam more practical. This foam is expected to be an ideal material for all-weather dealing with oil spills.

Oxygen Vacancy-Rich S-Scheme CeO2@Ni1–xCoxSe2 Hollow Spheres Derived from NiCo-MOF for Remarkable Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion

Photocatalytic CO2 conversion into chemicals has been a promising strategy to utilize sustainable solar energy and alleviate the greenhouse effect. Nonetheless, the achievements of these photocatalytic reactions are challenging. Herein, we present a strategy for the synthesis of hierarchical CeO2@Ni1–xCoxSe2 hollow spheres (HSs) including the successive steps of coating of the CeO2 nanolayer on SiO2 spheres, in situ growth of NiCo-MOF nanosheets, selenization reaction, and subsequent etching treatment. The hierarchical CeO2@Ni1–xCoxSe2 HSs exhibiting intimate interface contact between two nanoshells form an S-scheme heterojunction with fast charge/mass transport and excellent visible-light absorption, while maintaining the strong reducing power of electrons in the conduction band of Ni1–xCoxSe2 nanosheets and the strong oxidizing capacity of holes in the valence band of CeO2 HSs with oxygen vacancies. The S-scheme photogenerated charge transfer mechanism was testified by the work function and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements. These advantages make the optimized CeO2@Ni1–xCoxSe2 HS sample exhibit superior activity and high stability in photocatalytic CO2 reduction with a CO production rate of 25.93 μmol h–1 g–1. This work provides more opportunities to fabricate other hierarchical S-scheme semiconductor-based photocatalysts.

Zn-Cu-In-Se quantum dots sensitized the etched and W-doped TiO2 nanoflowers with highly exposed {0 0 1} facets for superior photocatalytic performance

Herein, a high-performance composite photocatalyst was fabricated by using the three-dimensional TiO2 nanoflowers dominated by high-energy {001} facets as template and the emerging four-element Zn-Cu-In-Se (ZCISe) quantum dots (QDs) as sensitization material. The highly exposed high-energy {001} facets were more favorable for the adsorption reaction of organic pollutants, and which can form the unique surface heterojunctions to promote the charge transport. Before sensitizing ZCISe QDs, the surface characters and electronic structure of TiO2 nanoflowers were further optimized by a synchronous etching and W-doping treatment, thereby bringing in larger surface area, more active sites, proper impurity levels and increased electron density. Benefiting by the excellent surface properties, the ZCISe QDs were uniformly loaded on the surface of the etched and W-doped TiO2 (EWT) nanoflowers, and the high-quality TiO2/ZCISe heterojunctions with good interface connection were formed. In comparison to pure TiO2 nanoflowers, EWT@ZCISe composites exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic abilities for Rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light. It was mainly related to the remarkable improvements in the light capture capability and the charge transport and separation characteristics. The optimal degradation rate of EWT@ZCISe composite for Rh B researched to 97.6% within 50 min, which is about 2.51 times higher than that of pure TiO2 nanoflowers. Additionally, the enhanced photocatalytic mechanism was also discussed in depth.

In-situ generated P-doped NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays with rapid charge transfer for efficient oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline solution

Exploring highly efficient electrocatalysts (OER) is critical for oxygen evolution reaction. Herein, for the first time, P-doped NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays generated on nickel foam (namely P–NiCo2O4/NF) were constructed via a feasible protocol. Notably, the etching treatment can open the internal structure of ZIF-67 to offer more electrocatalytically active surface area, and obtained NiCo2O4 showed great electrocatalytic performance in OER. The introduction of P can effectively reduce the charge transfer resistance of NiCo2O4 and boost OER kinetics. More importantly, doping P not only improved the hydrophilicity of NiCo2O4, but also reduced its surface potentials, which provided convenience for the adsorption of OH− over P–NiCo2O4/NF electrode. As expected, the P–NiCo2O4/NF electrode with good long-term durability displayed excellent performance for OER in alkaline solution, and an overpotential of 121.6 mV was achieved at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. To sum up, current work can provide a meaningful reference to prepare electrocatalyst for efficient OER.

Hierarchical structure design of sea urchin Shell-Based evaporator for efficient omnidirectional Solar-Driven steam generation

Solar-driven steam generation (SSG) is regarded as a feasible solution to the problem of fresh water scarcity. Although several attempts have been devoted to increase the efficiency of solar-to-steam conversion, it remains difficult to fabricate cost-effective, steady, and multi-angle sunlight-absorbing evaporators from readily available biomass materials. Herein, a novel hierarchical structured SSG evaporator (PDA@Shell-NaClO) is developed through a simple, low-cost, and scalable etching treatment on discarded sea urchin (SU) shells. Attributing to the dedicatedly designed microneedles array structure and porous skeleton structure of the SU shell, this PDA@Shell-NaClO evaporator shows an outstanding average light absorption performance (>90%) in a broad range of angles from 0° to 60° and exceedingly high evaporation rate of 2.81 kg m-2 h−1 under one sun condition. Furthermore, the prepared evaporator also maintains an overall stable evaporation performance and exhibits an excellent durability for a long time of up to two weeks in actual seawater. This full-ocean biomass-based SSG evaporator with plentiful raw material availability offers innovative opportunities for large-scale fresh water production.

Boosting elimination of sunscreen, Tetrahydroxybenzophenone (BP-2), from water using monopersulfate activated by thorny NanoBox of Co@C prepared via the engineered etching strategy: A comparative and mechanistic investigation

As sunscreens, benzophenones (BPs), are regarded as emerging contaminants, most of studies are focused on removal of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3), which, however, has been employed for protecting skin. Another major class of BPs, which is used to prevent UV-induce degradation in various products, is completely neglected. Thus, this present study aims to develop a useful advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the first time to eliminate such a class of BP sunscreens from contaminated water. Specifically, 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone (BP-2) would be focused here as BP-2 is intensively used in perfumes, lipsticks, and plastics for preventing the UV-induced degradation. As monopersulfate (MPS)-based AOP is practical for degrading emerging contaminants, a facile nanostructured cobalt-based material is then developed for maximizing catalytic activities of MPS activation by immobilizing Co nanoparticles onto carbon substrates. In particular, ZIF-67 is employed as a template, followed by the etching and carbonization treatments to afford the thorny nanobox of Co@C (TNBCC) with the hollow-nanostructure. In comparison to the solid (non-hollow) nanocube of Co@C (NCCC) from the direct carbonization of ZIF-67, TNBCC possesses not only the excellent textural features, but also superior electrochemical properties and highly reactive surfaces, making TNBCC exhibit the significantly higher catalytic activity than NCCC as well as Co3O4 in activating MPS to degrade BP-2. Mechanisms of BP-2 degradation are also elucidated and ascribed to both radical and non-radical routes. These advantageous features make TNBCC a useful catalyst of activating MPS in BP-2 degradation.

Boosting the Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy Performance of 2D Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheet-Based Sonosensitizers Via Crystalline-to-Amorphous Phase Transformation.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been a promising therapeutic modality for cancer because of its superior advantages compared with other therapeutic strategies. However, the current sonosensitizers used for SDT normally exhibit low activity for ultrasound (US)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Herein, the crystalline-to-amorphous phase transformation is reported as a simple but powerful strategy to engineer ultrathin 2D CoW-LDH and NiW-LDH nanosheets as highly efficient sonosensitizers for SDT. The phase transformation of CoW-LDH and NiW-LDH nanosheets from polycrystalline to amorphous ones is achieved through a simple acid etching treatment. Importantly, compared with the polycrystalline one, the amorphous CoW-LDH (a-CoW-LDH) nanosheets possess higher ROS generation activity under US irradiation, which is ≈17 times of the commercial TiO2 sonosensitizer. The results suggest that the enhanced performance of ultrathin a-CoW-LDH nanosheets for US-induced ROS generation may be attributed to the phase transformation-induced defect generation and electronic structure changes. After polyethylene glycol modification, the a-CoW-LDH nanosheets can serve as a high-efficiency sonosensitizer for SDT to achieve cell death in vitro and tumor eradication in vivo under US irradiation.

Plasma-Etched Vertically Aligned CNTs with Enhanced Antibacterial Power.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria represents a growing threat to public health, and it calls for the development of alternative antibacterial approaches not based on antibiotics. Here, we propose vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs), with a properly designed nanomorphology, as effective platforms to kill bacteria. We show, via a combination of microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, the ability to tailor the topography of VA-CNTs, in a controlled and time-efficient manner, by means of plasma etching processes. Three different varieties of VA-CNTs were investigated, in terms of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: one as-grown variety and two varieties receiving different etching treatments. The highest reduction in cell viability (100% and 97% for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively) was observed for the VA-CNTs modified using Ar and O2 as an etching gas, thus identifying the best configuration for a VA-CNT-based surface to inactivate both planktonic and biofilm infections. Additionally, we demonstrate that the powerful antibacterial activity of VA-CNTs is determined by a synergistic effect of both mechanical injuries and ROS production. The possibility of achieving a bacterial inactivation close to 100%, by modulating the physico-chemical features of VA-CNTs, opens up new opportunities for the design of self-cleaning surfaces, preventing the formation of microbial colonies.

Surface Defects Management by In Situ Etching with Methanol for Efficient Inverted Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells

AbstractInorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have developed rapidly due to their good thermal stability and the bandgap suitable for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. However, the large open‐circuit voltage (VOC) deficit derived from the surface defects and the energy level structure mismatch impede the development of device performance, especially in the P‐I‐N structure IPSCs. Herein, an innovative in situ etching (ISE) treatment method is proposed to reduce surface defects through methanol without additional passivator. It is found that the perovskite films treated with methanol result in a slight excess of PbI2 on the surface and inserted into the grain boundaries. Therefore, the successful decrease of surface defects by methanol and the passivation of grain boundary defects by PbI2 greatly reduce the trap density of perovskite films. And the larger work function of PbI2 contributes to the energy band of perovskite surface bending downward and forms gradient energy level alignment at the I/N interface, which accelerates extraction of charge carriers. As a result, the efficiency of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 inverted IPSC is enhanced from 16.00% to 19.34%, which is one of the mostly efficient IPSCs. This work provides an original idea without additional passivator to manage the defects of inorganic perovskite.

Decorative Chromium Coatings on Polycarbonate Substrate for the Automotive Industry

Metal-coated plastic parts are replacing traditional metallic materials in the automotive industry. Sputtering is an alternative technology that is more environmentally friendly than electrolytic coatings. Most metalized plastic parts are coated with a thin metal layer (~100-200 nm). In this work, the challenge is to achieve thicker films without cracking or without other defects, such as pinholes or pores. Chromium coatings with different thicknesses were deposited onto two different substrates, polycarbonate with and without a base coat, using dc magnetron sputtering in an atmosphere of Ar. Firstly, in order to improve the coating adhesion on the polymer surface, a plasma etching treatment was applied. The coatings were characterized for a wide thickness range from 800 nm to 1600 nm. As the thickness of the coatings increased, there was an increase in the specular reflectivity and roughness of the coatings and changes in morphology due to the columnar growth of the film and a progressive increase in thermal stresses. Furthermore, a decrease in the hardness and the number of pinholes was noticed. The maximum thickness achieved without forming buckling defects was 1400 nm. The tape tests confirmed that every deposited coating showed a good interface adhesion to both polymers.

Modulating surface properties of Mn-Fe nanocube-like catalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate for effective benzalkonium chloride degradation

The increasing consumption of Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) require more available and efficient processing techniques for environmental protection. Here in, etched MnFe nanocubes (E-MnFe NC) with cubic-like structures were synthesized as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator for BAC degradation via etching and calcination treatment of MnFe Prussian blue analogues (MnFe PBA). In this E-MnFe NC/PMS system, more than 99% BAC was degraded with the mineralization efficiency of 59.8% under optimum condition in 60 min. For mechanism, quenching results and EPR analysis demonstrated that both SO4•− and HO• are main contributor in the oxidation process. The transformation of surface charge and hydrophobic properties boosted the BAC adsorption, thus contributing to subsequent oxidation reaction. Meanwhile, the enhancement of electron transfer efficiency dominated by oxygen vacancies promoted the catalytic performance. Finally, the degradation pathway of BAC was proposed based on density functional theory (DFT) analysis and GC–MS results. Meanwhile, E-MnFe NC/PMS system possessed ascendant stability and reusability, as well as certain feasibility in actual environmental application. Overall, this work provides valuable references for quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) degradation via SR-AOP about Fe-Mn catalyst.

Synthesis of Carbon Nitride Nanosheets with n→π* Electronic Transition for Boosting Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Awakening n→π* electronic transition in graphitized carbon nitride can extend the visible light absorption range of the original g-C3N4, which will contribute to improve the photocatalytic activity of carbon dioxide reduction. Here we report that the n→π* transition in g-C3N4 is activated by the cooperation of steam etching and alkali treatment. The CO and CH4 evolution yields of the NaOH/Vc‐CN sample are 4.3 and 16 times higher than those of original g-C3N4, respectively. The planar asymmetry structure of heptazine was fabricated due to the hydroxyl groups reacting with terminal N-H content produced by the construction of carbon vacancy and the Na+ ions insert into the interlayer. Therefore, n→π* electronic transition in g-C3N4 was awakened, extending the optical absorption range with light wavelengths longer than 470 nm. At the same time, the ability of CO2 chemisorption and activation was improved due to the NaOH modification. Therefore, the extended visible light absorption, the improved crystallinity and the increased active sites are beneficial to optimizing the utilization efficiency of photogenerated carriers and enhancing photocatalytic activity.

Enhanced Bacteriostatic Properties of Ti Alloys by Surface Nitriding

Surface nitriding has been widely used to improve the surface physicochemical properties of Ti alloys. However, the currently utilized surface nitriding methods, such as laser nitriding, typically require expensive and complicated instruments, which makes surface nitriding a less cost-effective process. Meanwhile, the antibacterial properties of surface-nitrided Ti alloy implants have not been evaluated. Thereafter, in this study, we were aiming to develop an effective, simple, and cost-effective surface nitriding strategy to enhance the antimicrobial properties of Ti alloy implants. The surface nitriding strategy was realized by wet-chemical etching and thermal treatment at controlled conditions. Results showed that the above surface modification treatments exerted significant effects on the phase composition and morphology of the newly formed phases on the surface of Ti samples. Crystalline TiN and TiO2 formed after treatments. Meanwhile, amorphous nitrides and oxynitride were also presented on the sample surfaces. The surface-modified Ti samples showed a bacterial inhibition effect compared with the non-treated Ti ones, and the bacterial inhibition effect was attributed to the released ammonia species from the surface of Ti samples. The surface modification strategy shows promise to improve the bacteriostatic property of Ti implants in dental and orthopedic fields.

Impact of Ball Milling on the Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Cu2Sn0.38Ge0.62S3 Photocatalytic Particles Synthesized via a Flux Method.

Ball milling has been shown empirically to produce fine photocatalytic particles from large bulky particles but to drastically reduce the photocatalytic activity of such material during water splitting due to mechanical damage to the photocatalyst surfaces. If the damaged photocatalyst surfaces could be removed or reconstructed, the reduced particle sizes resulting from milling would be expected to provide enhanced photocatalytic activity. In the present study, fine particles of crystalline Cu2Sn0.38Ge0.62S3 (CTGS), which is responsive to long wavelength light up to the near-infrared region, were synthesized by a flux method and subsequent ball milling. A photocathode made of such particles showed significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance under simulated sunlight while the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of a powder suspension system made from the same material exhibited a typical decrease. The CTGS crystalline particles synthesized using the flux method were found to be highly crystalline but to have relatively large micrometer-scale sizes. Ball milling reduced the particle size but produced an amorphous coating of oxidized species that lowered the photocatalytic activity of the powder suspension system. Typical surface modifications of a photocathode made from this material, consisting of wet chemical processes, also served as an etching treatment to successfully remove the minimally crystalline surface layer and provide greater PEC activity. These data suggest the benefits of combining flux crystal growth with ball milling and the appropriate chemical etching process to obtain high-crystallinity fine photocatalytic particles responsive to long wavelength light with improved PEC hydrogen evolution activity.

Improving epoxy adhesion with steel adherends using a tannic acid‐based additive: Impact on resin properties and interfacial bonding

AbstractTraditional adherend surface treatment techniques such as grit blasting, acid etching, phosphating and primer treatments alone are often inadequate for maintaining interfacial bond durability of adhesively bonded joints. Therefore, the existing interfacial bonds between epoxy adhesive and the adherend should be strengthened. Tannic acid (TA) is a plant‐based polyphenol that is inexpensive and easily available in nature. Its potential as an additive to improve the interfacial bond durability of epoxy adhesives has not been studied adequately. In the present study, an additive (TA‐AGE) was synthesized by grafting allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) onto phenolic hydroxyl groups of TA. With 1 wt% TA‐AGE additive in the epoxy, the single lap shear strength improved by 37%. Further, accelerated aging studies were performed to understand the impact of water uptake on the mechanical and viscoelastic properties and interfacial bond durability of the epoxy with 1 wt% TA‐AGE additive. TA‐AGE modification can increase hydrophilicity and enhance the water uptake characteristics of epoxy. This can negatively impact its mechanical properties and glass transition temperature (Tg) due to plasticization effects. Nevertheless, Boeing wedge test and single lap shear tests reveal that the strengthened interfacial bonds to steel adherends with the additive were robust and durable.

Hollow catalysts through different etching treatments to improve active sites and oxygen vacancies for high-performance Li-O2 battery

Hollow catalysts through different etching treatments to improve active sites and oxygen vacancies for high-performance Li-O2 battery

Photothermal Determination of the Surface Treatment of Cd1-xBexTe Mixed Crystals

Cd1−xBexTe, a new material with potential for X-ray and γ-ray detectors, was analyzed by photothermal piezoelectric spectroscopy. The samples were tested depending on beryllium content and surface preparation. The main aim of the measurements was to extract the energy gap values, which were found for x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.1. It was shown that mechanical (polishing) and chemical (etching) treatment strongly influenced the amplitude and phase spectra of CdBeTe crystals. Piezoelectric spectroscopy allowed for comparing the quality of preparation of both surfaces for a single sample. The sub-surface damaged layer that was created as a result of surface processing had different thermal parameters than the bulk part of the sample. It was responsible for the additional peaks in the amplitude spectrum and changes in the phase spectrum of the photothermal signal. Two different methods of sample etching were analyzed. One completely quenched the signal, and the other did not eliminate the defects present on the surface after the cutting process. The article presents the preliminary interpretation of experimental data using the modified Blonskij model.

Underwater Oleophobic Electrospun Membrane with Spindle-Knotted Structured Fibers for Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation

The potential of spider silk as an intriguing biological prototype for collecting water from a humid environment has attracted wide attention, and various materials with suitable structures have been engineered. Here, inspired by this phenomenon, a kind of superwetting poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane with spindle-knotted structured fibers was prepared by the electrospinning method followed by oxygen plasma etching treatment. The prepared membrane presented a satisfactory separation efficiency for various oil-in-water emulsions. The cooperative effect of the special wettability property and the spindle-knot structure stimulated the emulsified oil droplets to accumulate quickly on the membrane surface. A model that explains the accumulation of emulsified oil droplets has also been developed. Furthermore, an artificial fiber comprising a micron-sized spindle-knot structure was prepared by the dip-coating method to clearly illustrate the aggregation process of the emulsified oil droplets and to verify the theoretical explanation. We hope that this study will provide new inspiration for oil/water emulsion separation techniques.

Synthesis of TS-1 encapsulated Pt (Pt@TS-1) catalyst with hierarchical pores and its enhanced performance in the oxidation of toluene

Generally, the distribution, dispersion and size of Pt nanoparticles are critical issues for high catalytic activity. A series of TS-1 encapsulated Pt (xPt@TS-1 x = 1.70, 0.81, 0.22, 0.08) catalysts with hierarchical pores were prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method and alkali etching treatment, and their catalytic performance were also investigated in the oxidation of toluene. The physicochemical properties of these catalysts were analyzed by XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, ICP-OES and XPS etc. Among these catalysts, the 0.22Pt@TS-1 sample with very low Pt loading (0.22 wt%) showed good catalytic activity (T50 = 144 °C and T90 = 147 °C under WHSV of 20,000 mL∙h−1 g−1) and high TOF value (3.6 × 10−4 S-1), moreover, it also exhibited good continuous cycle use, long-term activity stability and water resistance. The preparation method can limit the aggregation and growth of Pt nanoparticles to obtain high dispersion of Pt in TS-1, which can enhance the catalytic oxidation of toluene. In addition, the hierarchical pores formed by alkali etching treatment can shorten the mass transfer path and promote the mass transfer diffusion, which is also conducive to the catalytic activity.

Carbonization of MOF-5/Polyaniline Composites to N,O-Doped Carbon/ZnO/ZnS and N,O-Doped Carbon/ZnO Composites with High Specific Capacitance, Specific Surface Area and Electrical Conductivity.

Composites of carbons with metal oxides and metal sulfides have attracted a lot of interest as materials for energy conversion and storage applications. Herein, we report on novel N,O-doped carbon/ZnO/ZnS and N,O-doped carbon/ZnO composites (generally named C-(MOF-5/PANI)), synthesized by the carbonization of metal-organic framework MOF-5/polyaniline (PANI) composites. The produced C-(MOF-5/PANI)s are comprehensively characterized in terms of composition, molecular and crystalline structure, morphology, electrical conductivity, surface area, and electrochemical behavior. The composition and properties of C-(MOF-5/PANI) composites are dictated by the composition of MOF-5/PANI precursors and the form of PANI (conducting emeraldine salt (ES) or nonconducting emeraldine base). The ZnS phase is formed only with the PANI-ES form due to S-containing counter-ions. XRPD revealed that ZnO and ZnS existed as pure wurtzite crystalline phases. PANI and MOF-5 acted synergistically to produce C-(MOF-5/PANI)s with high SBET (up to 609 m2 g-1), electrical conductivity (up to 0.24 S cm-1), and specific capacitance, Cspec, (up to 238.2 F g-1 at 10 mV s-1). Values of Cspec commensurated with N content in C-(MOF-5/PANI) composites (1-10 wt.%) and overcame Cspec of carbonized individual components PANI and MOF-5. By acid etching treatment of C-(MOF-5/PANI), SBET and Cspec increased to 1148 m2 g-1 and 341 F g-1, respectively. The developed composites represent promising electrode materials for supercapacitors.