Estimation Of Serum Lipid Profile Research Articles

A STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF MENOPAUSE ON SERUM LIPID PROFILE

Background: Menopause is a physiological change due to which women passes from fertile to infertile period. Decreased oestrogen production in post menopausal women alter the lipid metabolism. Since altered serum lipid profile seen in menopause is one of the significant risk factors for developing coronary heart diseases, influence of menopause on lipid levels is aimed to study. Aim and Objective: To study the influence of menopause on serum lipid profile by estimating the level of serum cholesterol and various lipoproteins in premenopausal and post menopausal women. Methods: After getting ethical committee approval, in this cross sectional study, women of age 45- 55 and normal BMI attending Government Sivagangai Medical College for master health checkup were selected. Informed consent obtained and estimation of serum lipid profile was done for all of them. Results: Statistical analysis was done by students t test and the results were compared between pre and post menopausal women. In post menopausal women, the mean values of triglycerides (p=0.016) and very low density lipoprotein levels (p=0.046) were increased significantly. Conclusion: Significant increase in serum triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins is due to menopause which causes changes in body metabolism. Serum lipid levels should be checked periodically after menopause and life style modifications should be adviced at an earlier stage.

A correlation study of arterial stiffness, cardiac autonomic neuropathy and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Objectives: Micro and macrovasculopathy are common complications of undertreated or undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. One of the underlying factors of macrovasculopathy is arterial stiffness, which may lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Understandably, diabetic micro and macrovasculopathy affect vital functions, which may affect the well-being of the individual. However, few studies have attempted to determine arterial stiffness, cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and lipid profile separately in South Asian population and examined its associations with T2DM. Moreover, there is a need to understand the mechanistic links among cardiovascular risk factors. This forms the basis of the present study. Materials and Methods: T2DM patients of 53–62 years and age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects were recruited in the cross-sectional and observational study (n = 30 each, eight women). Anthropometric measurements, physiological parameters such as resting heart rate, peripheral blood pressure (PBP), central blood pressure (CBP), augmentation index% (AIx%), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and lead II ECG for analysis of heart rate variability parameters were recorded after obtaining the consent of the study participants. The lipid profile and fasting blood glucose were also analysed. Results: Peripheral systolic blood pressure was significantly higher (P = 0.05) in T2DM patients. Dyslipidaemia was evident in T2DM patients. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was also significantly higher in T2DM patients. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between AIx% with PBP and CBP as well as between AIP index and central systolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels. AIP index was found to be negatively associated with HF (nu). Serum TG, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and AIP index have emerged as significant independent predictors of T2DM vasculopathy by multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: In the present study, atherogenic dyslipidaemia was observed in T2DM patients in combination with increased serum levels of TG, VLDL-C and decreased serum levels of HDL-C. Moreover, AIP index, a predictor cardiovascular risk, was found to be significantly higher in T2DM patients. Dyslipidaemia was found to be associated with dysregulation of autonomic nervous system in those patients. A positive association between noninvasive, surrogate markers of arterial stiffness with PBP and CBP indicates that enhanced arterial stiffness may elevate systemic arterial pressure. Therefore, early screening of T2DM patients for the estimation of serum lipid profile, arterial stiffness and cardiac autonomic neuropathy may be performed to unravel diabetic vasculopathy.

A Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a significant contributor to maternal and foetal morbidity andmortality worldwide. Studying the lipid profile and risk variables is crucial for illness prevention, management,and a better prognosis.Method and Materials: This study was a case control study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. A total of 100 (one hundred) were selected, out ofwhich 50 (fifty) normotensive pregnant women served as a control and 50 (fifty) hypertensive women constitutedthe study group. Besides baseline routine investigations, estimation of Serum lipid profile was done by collectingblood samples from antecubital vein of every case and control and were analysed at department of Biochemistry,Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur.Results: The hypertensive group had a significant rise in Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL-C levels anddecreased HDL-C levels as compared to the control group.Conclusion: Abnormal lipid profile during pregnancy plays an important role in development of pre-eclampsia.

The Physiological effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Nitrotyrosine and some Biochemical Parameters

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease and characterized by elevated glucose, factors that contribute T2D are the body's resistance to insulin and falling production insulin by the beta cells (β-cells) of the pancreas. Objectives: This study is planned to assess the nitrotyrosine (3-NT), lipid profile and UA in diabetes mellitus patients according age groups (35-75), Sex and smoking. Materials and Methods: It was conducted on (42) patients T2D subjects and 25controls .They were divided into 3 groups according to age groups (35-75 years), sex (male and female) and smoking (smokers and non-smokers). Blood was withdrawn for estimation of serum Lipid profile (Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL, HDL, and VLDL) test , FBS, UA and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) concentrations . The parameters were determined by using spectrophotometer by liquid chemistry and Estimate 3-nitrotyrosine by Human 3-NT ELISA Kit. Results: The results showed a physiological effect diabetic (T2D) on Uric acid, lipid profile and NT levels and results were also compared with the control group and groups with each other .Where a high significant increase was observed for the four age groups but except HDL . In addition, the results showed no significant difference between the sexes (Males-Females) for Parameters .While there was a high significant increase for both sexes for the Parameters compared with the control group except HDL also. It showed a significant increase of NT and Biochemical Parameters of smoking patients compared with the blood serum of non-smoking patients. Conclusions: In this study NT was undetected in healthy subjects but found an increase in the level NT and Some Biochemical Parameters in the blood of T2D patients. 3-NT can be considered as an indicator for the detection of diabetes because it is a product of oxidative stress. These indicators increased with patients who smoke.

Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Pre-Eclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

Background: Pre-eclampsia is an important cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is therefore, important to study the lipid profile and risk factors for prevention, management and better prognosis of the disease. Method & Materials: This study was a case control study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. A total of 100 (one hundred) were selected, out of which 50 (fifty) normotensive pregnant women served as a control and 50 (fifty) Pre-eclampsia women constituted the study group. Besides baseline routine investigations, estimation of Serum lipid profile was done by collecting blood samples from antecubital vein of every case and control following a fast of 12-14 hours and collected in plain vials and were analysed at department of Biochemistry, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. Results: The preeclampsia group had a significant rise in Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL-C levels and decreased HDL-C levels as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Abnormal lipid profile results during pregnant women plays an important role in development of pre-eclampsia.

Serum lipid profile and C-Reactive protein as prognostic markers in oral submucous fibrosis

Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic, premalignant condition of the oral mucosa, affecting millions of people globally and it is one of the precancerous conditions most prevalent in India. Previously published studies have evaluated the serum lipid profile and C-reactive protein in various potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma, but to our knowledge, no studies are available comparing the pre- and post-treatment serum lipid profile and C-reactive protein values in oral potentially malignant disorders, so that their real prognostic value can be assessed. Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the serum lipid profile and C-reactive protein as a prognostic marker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 clinically diagnosed OSF patients of either gender in the age group of 20 – 50 years were selected. A complete history taking followed by a thorough oral examination was done on all patients. About 5 mL of blood sample was collected before treatment and after 6 weeks of treatment for estimation of serum lipid profile and C-reactive protein Results: The mean values of serum lipid profile were decreased among OSF patients and the difference between pre- and post-treatment was statistically significant. The comparison of the mean values of the pre- and post-treatment CRP level of the study subjects among OSF patients was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.022). Conclusion: Hence, pre- and post-treatment serum lipid profile and CRP levels contribute to being of prognostic value in OSF.

Lipid Profile Evaluation in Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy and Fetomaternal Outcome

Increase in maternal cholesterol levels are thought to be an adaptive change necessary for proper fetal development and growth. However maternal dyslipedemia has been shown to be associated with complications during pregnancy. Objective of this study is evaluation of changes in lipid profile during pregnancy and their association with fetomaternal outcome. It was a prospective descriptive study conducted over 200 pregnant women from December 2018 to August 2020 at jay kaylon hospital, kota, Rajasthan. 3 ml serum samples of enrolled pregnant women and 100 non pregnant women were obtained for the estimation of serum lipid profile by ERBA manheim EM360 auto analyzer. 56% women belonged to the age group of 21-25 years, 70% patients were from urban population, 63.5% women had vegetarian diet, 49.5% were primigravida. Statistically significant rise found in the lipid profile values (p<0.001) during pregnancy when compared to non-pregnant women. 25% pregnant women developed gestational hypertension, 5% patients developed preeclampsia, 69.5% women delivered vaginally while 30.5% by cesarean section. 27 fetus failed to achieve birth weight of >2.5 kilogram. Pregnancy furnishes a unique opportunity for detection of subclinical dyslipidemia, significant increase has been found in the lipid profile when compared to non-pregnant women. However higher lipid levels have shown to be associated with gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and their complications along with low birth weight. Hence, we recommend lipid profile evaluation should be a part of routine antenatal investigations for early detection and management of these complications.

Serum netrin and VCAM-1 as biomarker for Egyptian patients with type IΙ diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the serum level of netrin and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-I) in patients with type IΙ diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate the association of their levels with the development of a diabetic complication. Patients and methodsThis study was carried out on type II diabetic patients with and without complications and healthy individuals served as controls. All subjects were submitted to the estimation of serum lipid profile, serum creatinine, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), visceral adiposity index (VAI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and detection of serum level of netrin1 and VCAM1. ResultsDiabetic patients with complications had significantly higher serum levels of creatinine, ACR, cholesterol, Triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, netrin1, and VCAM1 than diabetic patients without complications. Likewise, the level of VAI and LAP as markers of excessive body fat were significantly higher in diabetic patients with complications than diabetic patients without complications. The netrin1 and VCAM1 were a significant discriminator of T2DM renal complications with a sensitivity of 96%, 90%, and specificity of 82.7%, 91.3% respectively. ConclusionIt can be concluded that serum netrin1 and VCAM1 correlated significantly with markers of excessive body fat, a renal complication in the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A case control study: to evaluate the lipid profile in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Stroke, be it ischemia or hemorrhage, is the most common clinical manifestation of cerebrovascular disease of which more than 99% are due to arterial involvement and less than 1% due to venous involvement. The aim of the present study was to assess the lipid profile of patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and to compare it with control group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry between February 2018 to August 2018 on 50 patients of infarct and 50 patients of hemorrhagic stroke admitted in GMC Jammu and 50 healthy controls. Serum was analyzed for estimation of serum lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), by using fully automatic analyzer. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> More than 54% of patients and controls belonged aged more than 60 years, with a total of 81 males and 69 females. Mean values of total cholesterol (233.53±27.09 mg) and LDL (165.89±30.54 mg) showed up higher in hemorrhagic stroke patients however higher mean values of triglycerides (177.80±40.44 mg) showed up in ischemic stroke patients. Serum cholesterol was abnormal among 50% ischemic and 54% hemorrhagic patients. A significant association is found between raised cholesterol, LDL, abnormal HDL and ischemic stroke.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A significant rise in total cholesterol level was found in case of both the groups, therefore high risk patients with stroke should be regularly screened for serum lipid profile.</p>

Lepidium meyenii Supplemented Diet Modulates Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Parameters in Mice Fed High-Fat High-Sugar Diet.

Metabolic syndrome has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative disorders. Known side-effects of currently- available drugs necessitate the search for possibly better treatment options. This study examined the effects of dietary lepidium meyenii (MACA) supplementation on neurobehaviour, metabolic profile, levels of inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress parameters in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome. Mice were randomly assigned into 8 groups of ten animals each. Groups consist of standard diet (SD) control, high fat/high sugar (HFHS) control and three groups each of lepidium meyenii incorporated into either SD or HFHS diet at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4%. Mice were fed for seven weeks, and body weight was measured weekly. Open-field behaviors and radial-arm/Y-maze spatial memory were scored at the end of the study. Twenty-four hours after the last behavioral test, fasting blood glucose levels were estimated. Animals were then euthanized, and blood was drawn for estimation of serum lipid profile. Whole brains were excised, weighed and homogenized to estimate the levels of lipid peroxidation, inflammatory markers, antioxidant status, and acetylcholinesterase activity. MACA-supplemented diet was associated with a decrease in body weight gain, an increase in food intake (at lower concentrations), suppression of grooming behavior, and decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity. MACA-supplement also reversed HFHS-induced memory impairment, anxiety, hyperglycaemia, lipid derangement, oxidative stress, and derangement of inflammatory markers. Dietary supplementation with MACA shows beneficial effects in mitigating the effects of metabolic syndrome on the brain in mice.

Estimation of Serum Lipid Profile among Pre and Post-Menopausal Women in Baghdad City

This study aimed to determine the lipid profile concentration in the sera of women before and after the menopausal age in Baghdad city, since it is one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases. The study included 100 women (40 premenopausal women with their ages ranged between (25-45 years) and 60 postmenopausal women with their ages ranged between (50-65 years). Blood samples were collected and total serum cholesterol (TC), S. triglycerides (TG), S. high density lipoprotein (HDL),S. low density lipoprotein (LDL) and S. very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were measured. The results showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the level of total cholesterol (TC) between the two groups of women, while there was a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of serum triglyceride (TG) in postmenopausal women (144.32±43.16) mg/dl when comparison with premenopausal women (101.92±32.44) mg/dl, and a significant decrease (P<0.05) in HDL level in postmenopausal women (33.56±10.65) mg/dl when compared with premenopausal women (43.13±14.23) mg/dl. The results of LDL level also showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in postmenopausal women (107.57±21.28) mg/dl when compared with premenopausal women (77.23±30.40) mg/dl, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in VLDL level in postmenopausal women (31.86±8.16) mg/dl when compared with premenopausal women (21.32±7.12) mg/dl.

Assessment of Plasma Lipid Profile among Sudanese Menopausal Women in Khartoum state-Sudan

Postmenopausal women tend to have significant changes in lipid profile when compared with premenopausal women. Incidence of cardiovascular disease after menopause believed to occur due to changes in the plasma lipid levels. This study was conducted to estimate and compare serum levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) among Sudanese pre and postmenopausal women. 94 participant women were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. 47 post-menopause women age 48 - 70 years and 47 pre-menopause women age 25-47 years. Estimation of serum lipid profile was carried out using Biosystems colorimetric methods and results statistics were computed by using SPSS. A significant increase in total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride, and LDL-c with a significant decrease in (HDL-c) level among postmenopausal women where found, when compared with pre-menopause women (P-value= <0.05). Total cholesterol and LDL-C level were observed significantly increased according to three interval time duration of menopausal onset (p=0.009 and p=0.034). A positive correlation was observed between the age of and total cholesterol levels in postmenopausal women (R=0.463, P-value =0.001). Study results revealed that postmenopausal status was associated with substantial changes in lipid profile that considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Sudanese women.

Analysis of serum level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, calcium and lipid profile in carcinoma breast

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the major surgical problems in India, particularly in younger females. There are conflicting reports regarding the association between the serum lipid profiles, vitamin D, calcium and BC. The objective of the study was to measure the serum vitamin D, calcium and lipid profile levels in BC, benign breast diseases (BBD) and healthy control (HC), and compared these variables with clinico-pathological parameters in BC patients.Methods: Forty histologically confirmed invasive BC, 20 BBD patients and 20 healthy individuals taken as controls were enrolled for estimation of serum lipid profile, calcium and vitamin D. The study variables were compared with all three groups. In BC group, the levels were also compared with clinico-pathological parameters.Results: The mean age of subjects in BC, BBD and HC group was 48.88±11.33, 31.10±3.93 and 36.30±5.97 years respectively. The levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL and calcium was significantly increased and vitamin D was significantly decreased in BC patients as compared with BBD and HC group (p<0.001). On comparing lipid profile, calcium and vitamin D in receptor positive BC patients and triple negative BC patients, only serum HDL and serum calcium was significantly high in receptor positive BC patients (p=0.047 and p=0.041).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that lower vitamin D level and higher calcium and lipid profile level could be an important etiopathological factor in the causation of BC. Correction of these factors could be used as a prophylactic and preventive strategy in the population against BC.

ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF DRACAENA CINNABARI BALF. RESIN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SOQATRA ISLAND IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS

Dracaena Cinnabari balfis a species plant in Abalfurn 1984e de la p pharmaciegavaceae family. It is a tree endemic to the Island of Socotra,Yemen. It was used as a dye and medicine in Socotra and the Mediterranean basin. Some researches demonstrated both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic of its resin of Dracaena Cochinchinensis, a traditional Chinese tree. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of the ethanolic extract of dracanea cinnabari balfresin (DCBR), endemic in Socotra Island, in Alloxan induced diabetes, and evaluation of possible antihyperlipidemic activity of the same extract in high-cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia in male albino rats. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats with intraperitoneal injection a single dose of Alloxan (150 mg/kg). Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats by administration of 1% cholesterol in diet and 0.5 % Hydrogen Peroxide in drinking water for 14 days. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured at 1st day, 7th day and 14th day. Pancreas histopathology was done at the end. Estimation of serum lipid profile and liver histopathology was done at the end of 14 day. The results were expressed as mean ± SD and differences among the groups of animals were compared using one-way ANOVA. Administration of ethanolic extract of resin of two doses (100mg and 300mg\kg) in alloxan induce diabetic rats resulted in a significant decrease in FBG levels with a recovery in destruction of pancreas cell compared with untreated group .Also the same doses of extract showed significant decrease in triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and alkaline phospatase in comparing with untreated groups. From the results of present study we can conclude the ethanolic extract of Dracaena Cinnabari Balf. have a hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in experimental animals , these activity are time and dose dependent.

Estimation of serum lipid profile in patients with OSMF

Aim: This study was done to evaluate the alteration in serum lipid profile pattern in patients with oral submucous fibrosis, with various histological grades of Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis along with controls. Materials and Methods: The study included 150 participants, out of those 120 were having oral submucous fibrosis, and 30 cases of controls matched for age and sex were selected from the routine patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDLC), HDL cholesterol (HDLC), VLDL cholesterol (VLDLC), and triglycerides (TG) were analyzed using kit ACCUREX [Bio-medicals limited, India] as per the instructions provided by manufacturer using SEMI AUTO ANALYSER [Tulip Coral 3000 Indian]. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were summarized as Mean ± SD (standard deviation). Groups were compared by Student's t-test. Groups were also compared by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the significance of mean difference between (inter) the groups was done by Tukey's HSD (honestly significant difference) post hoc test after ascertaining normality by Shapiro–Wilk's test and homogeneity of variance between groups by Levene's test. A two-tailed (α = 2) P

High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) Status in Patient's of Acute ST–Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)

Background : Decrease plasma High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and increase triglyceride are major dyslipidemia in our country due to effects of carbohydrate rich diet. The relationship of low level of HDL –C in patient’s of AMI and its extents of severity in coronary artery disease will be very important for future management as well as prevention of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).Objective : The aim of this study is to assess the level of serum HDL-C in AMI patient and to assess whether low serum HDL-C level is an independent risk factor for acute ST elevation MI.Methods : It is a hospital based cross sectional observational study. 280 patients of acute STEMI who are admitted in coronary care unit selected for study. After estimation of serum lipid profile of these patients their serum level of HDL-C were used to detect the relationship between serum HDL-C and acute ST elevation MI. Results : In our study, among the case group (280 patiens) lipid profile estimation showed that about 64% patients of acute STEMI have low level of serum HDL-C. The other lipid fractions like triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as total cholesterol were high in about 24%,39% & 44% but normal in 76%, 61% & 56% respectively.Conclusion : There is an independent inverse association of serum HDL-C in patients of acute STEMI and its an important indepedent risk factor.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (1); Jan 2017; Page 11-14

Correlation between Thyrotropin and Fasting Lipid Profile in Patients of Sub Clinical Hypothyroidism

AbstractA controversy exists regarding the association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and dyslipidemia. Moreover, studies on lipid ratios in SCH are rare, particularly in Asian Countries. The study also aims to find out whether any correlation exists between serum TSH levels and fasting lipid levels, which would indirectly affect morbidity and mortality.Methods: The study was conducted at Physiology department, KEMU and Centre for Nuclear Studies KEMU & Mayo Hospital, Lahore which is a tertiary-care center. It was a cross-sectional study carried out over a period of 6 months. Control group consisted of 50 euthyroid persons taken from a population coming for whole-body health checkup. Case group consisted of 50 patients with SCH. Confounding variables were removed. Fasting blood samples were taken in a plain gel vaccutainer tube with an aseptic blood collection technique. The samples were centrifuged within 1 h at 3000 rpm for 5 min. These wereprocessed to obtain serum for the estimation of serum lipid profile and Thyrotropin (TSH) hormone level.Results: The study examined the link between Thyrotropin levels and fasting lipid profile in patients of SCH versus euthyroid normal controls in a cross sectional adult population over a period of six months. Patients with SCH had significantly lower HDL-C, as compared to Controls. The Lipid profiles were each categorized and mean Thyrotropin levels were higher in subjects in the dyslipidemic sub-class than subjects in normal sub-class. Thyrotropin was positively asso-ciated with serum Triglyceride and negatively associated with HDL-C in cases of SCH. Thyrotropin is also positively associated with Total Cholesterol (TC) along with VLDL-C and LDL-C. In the Euthyroid (Control Group) population, Thyrotropin was positively associated with TC.Conclusion: To conclude, Serum Thyrotropin was correlated with dyslipidemia in SCH and euthyroid subjects. In simple words, when Thyrotropin (TSH) increases upto 10 mIU/L the signs and symptoms of Hypothyroidism are not manifested, but chemical changes start to take place in the body, and the lipid metabolism is starting to take its toll. In SCH patients, TC, Triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C, start to rise as compared to normal euthyroid control groups. Thus there is a positive correlation between lipids and Thyrotropin, less HDL, which exhibited negative correlation in SCH subjects.AbstractA controversy exists regarding the association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and dyslipidemia. Moreover, studies on lipid ratios in SCH are rare, particularly in Asian Countries. The study also aims to find out whether any correlation exists between serum TSH levels and fasting lipid levels, which would indirectly affect morbidity and mortality.Methods: The study was conducted at Physiology department, KEMU and Centre for Nuclear Studies KEMU & Mayo Hospital, Lahore which is a tertiary-care center. It was a cross-sectional study carried out over a period of 6 months. Control group consisted of 50 euthyroid persons taken from a population coming for whole-body health checkup. Case group consisted of 50 patients with SCH. Confounding variables were removed. Fasting blood samples were taken in a plain gel vaccutainer tube with an aseptic blood collection technique. The samples were centrifuged within 1 h at 3000 rpm for 5 min. These wereprocessed to obtain serum for the estimation of serum lipid profile and Thyrotropin (TSH) hormone level.Results: The study examined the link between Thyrotropin levels and fasting lipid profile in patients of SCH versus euthyroid normal controls in a cross sectional adult population over a period of six months. Patients with SCH had significantly lower HDL-C, as compared to Controls. The Lipid profiles were each categorized and mean Thyrotropin levels were higher in subjects in the dyslipidemic sub-class than subjects in normal sub-class. Thyrotropin was positively asso-ciated with serum Triglyceride and negatively associated with HDL-C in cases of SCH. Thyrotropin is also positively associated with Total Cholesterol (TC) along with VLDL-C and LDL-C. In the Euthyroid (Control Group) population, Thyrotropin was positively associated with TC.Conclusion: To conclude, Serum Thyrotropin was correlated with dyslipidemia in SCH and euthyroid subjects. In simple words, when Thyrotropin (TSH) increases upto 10 mIU/L the signs and symptoms of Hypothyroidism are not manifested, but chemical changes start to take place in the body, and the lipid metabolism is starting to take its toll. In SCH patients, TC, Triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C, start to rise as compared to normal euthyroid control groups. Thus there is a positive correlation between lipids and Thyrotropin, less HDL, which exhibited negative correlation in SCH subjects.Keywords: Dyslipidemia, lipid profile, subclinical hypothyroidism.

A study on the estimation of serum lipid profile and homocysteine in coronary artery disease

A study on the estimation of serum lipid profile and homocysteine in coronary artery disease

A Comparative Study of Lipid-Lowering Effects of Guggul and Atorvastatin Monotherapy in Comparison to Their Combination in High Cholesterol Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rabbits

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypolipidemic activity of gugulipid has been widely described in traditional literature. Objective: This study was done to evaluate hypolipidemic activity of guggul and atorvaststin monotherapy in comparison to their combination in rabbits. Materials and Methods: Male New Zealand White rabbits (body weight 1.3–1.8 kg and age 8–10 weeks) were made hyperlipidemic by feeding cholesterol (0.5 g/kg) for three weeks and randomly divided into a control and three treatment groups receiving: atorvastatin (3.7 mg/kg), guggul (3.5 mg/kg) and their combination (same dose) for the next three weeks. Body weight measurements, estimation of serum lipid profile were done at the beginning, after three and six weeks, respectively. Histopathological examination of liver, heart and aorta was done after six weeks. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 16.0 using one-way and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc multiple comparison test with two tailed P value < 0.05 as significant. Results: All treated groups had significant reduction in cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in comparison to pre-treatment values and control group, and had significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in comparison to pre-treatment values. Conclusion: Combination of atorvastatin and guggul was comparable to their monotherapies in improving lipid profile.

Lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective effects of Vitis vinifera dried seeds on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESRed grape seeds as functional food are a good source of important bioactive components such as phenolics and antioxidants, which decrease oxidative stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatotoxicity. The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the protective effect of red grape dried seeds (RGDS) on antioxidant properties, lipid metabolism, and liver and kidney functions of rats with paracetamol (750 mg/kg) induced hepatotoxicity.MATERIALS/METHODSRGDS was added to the basal diet at 5, 10, and 20%. Thirty five adult male rats were assigned to five groups (n = 7) for a six-week feeding period; group (1) normal control, group (2) induced control, groups (3, 4, and 5) fed a diet with RGPS at different levels, 5, 10, and 20%, respectively. At the end of the feeding period, animals' blood and tissues were collected for estimation of serum lipid profile, serum liver, and kidney biomarkers. The protection was measured by detecting lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) (in liver tissues), and liver histological examination.RESULTSThe results showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C), with a significant increase in level of high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) for RGDS groups compared to induced control. Rats administered a diet containing RGDS levels produced significant (P < 0.05) hepatoprotection by decreasing the activities of liver enzymes, kidney parameters, and lipid peroxidation, while levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT were increased significantly to near the normal levels.CONCLUSIONThe RGDS 20% group was more effective than others against hepatotoxicity of paracetamol, which may be attributed to RGDS total phenols and antioxidant contents, which were 1.438 mg and 1.231 mg, respectively.