Aesthetic Perception Research Articles

Analysis of changes in gingiva-occlusal parameters as perceived by three Middle-East population

Purpose: This study aims to compare the effect of various smile parameters (buccal corridor, gummy smile, midline to face discrepancy, with and without upper lip filling) on the perception of smile attractiveness by applying the digital modification of images judged by one hundred and eighty laypersons from different Middle East populations. Materials and Methods: A frontal photo of a woman’s smile is manipulated with Photoshop to modify each smile parameter gradually into 3 grades. The total number of smiles to be assessed is 18. One hundred and eighty participants divided into 3 groups (n=60: 30 men and 30 women): Lebanese, Syrian, and Egyptian laypersons are invited to assess the smile attractiveness before and after modification In addition, each evaluator must indicate which feature she or he finds most attractive in a face. Analysis of repeated measures variances followed by univariate analyses and multiple comparisons of Bonferroni are performed. Results: Eyes and smile are the most attractive elements in the face. For midline to face discrepancy, only Lebanese laypeople and Egyptian women prefer the coincidence of the midline to face compared with other positions with significant difference (p value 0.05). Concerning the buccal corridor, its size does not influence smile attractive (p value> 0.05). Upper lip filling affected the perception of smile aesthetics for the midline (for Syrians and Egyptians). Conclusion: Sex and culture affect the perception of the smile attractiveness for certain parameters. Alteration of the buccal corridor does not seem to influence the smile attractiveness. Upper lip filling may be advantageous in some cases and unfavorable in others. Clinical significance: Dentists should take into consideration cultural differences when restoring smile aesthetics.

Saudi Children's and Their Parents' Perception of a Digitally Modified Photograph Model of Different Smiles with Different Anterior Teeth Alignments and Dental Appearances.

Since there is a lack of data on dentofacial esthetic perception in Saudi Arabia, the present research was conducted to study children's and their parent's perceptions of smiles with different dental alignments and dental appearances. In addition, we aimed to determine whether facial attractiveness or dental esthetic dominates the overall esthetic perception. Finally, we aimed to investigate the influence of gender on the judgment of a dental smile. Six digitally altered photographs and two dynamic videos of smiling faces of boys and girls with different dental alignments and appearances were shown to 183 children and their parents in malls in Saudi Arabia's Qassim Province. Following the parent's acceptance of the interview, the child was interviewed first, followed by the parent. Their responses were measured using a smile perception questionnaire (SPQ) for children aged 8-10 years. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results demonstrated that whole-face smiles of both boys and girls with different poor dentofacial esthetics had a significantly lower rating score than lower third-face smiles scores among children and their parents (p ≤ 0.05). Except for a few views, there were no significant differences between children's and their parents' dentofacial esthetic judgments. Moreover, the answers to the smile perception questionnaire 8-10 for the smiling face dynamic videos of boys and girls were not significantly different. Children agreed with their parents in judging the smiles of different dentofacial esthetic perceptions. Overall, esthetics was more influenced by facial esthetics than dental esthetics. Background attractiveness and sexual characteristics do not affect smile perception. The smile is considered one of the major determinants of how the overall esthetic of children will appear. Thus, the comprehensive diagnosis involving the analysis of malocclusion and poor dental appearance psychological effect can be used for patient care improvement. Consequently, dental treatment to improve the dental smile will enhance the children's quality of life and social interaction.

Esteticheskie idei prepodavaniya fortepiannoj igry v vuzah s pozicii filosofii iskusstva

This article aims to explore the aesthetic thinking of piano performance teaching in universities under the vision of artistic philosophy, with a view to improving the aesthetic perception and appreciation ability of contemporary college students, cultivating students' artistic thinking, and promoting the integration of performance skills and emotions.

Incongruity

This essay considers Leo Bersani’s concept of “incongruity” as a key term in his thinking of ethical relation and, specifically, as a description of the desynchronized movement and impersonal configuration of bodies, psyches, thoughts, and things, in which the formal mobilization of aesthetic perceptions of sameness replaces the immobilizing forces of desirous knowing and difference. Highlighted is the way in which sameness is not based on a single predicate of commonality, but instead obtains in similar forms of movement that inaugurate correspondences with others and the world. This sheds light on Bersani’s familiar notions of inaccurate replication and homo-narcissism within his broader exploration of potential intimacies pleasurably discovered via a sense of universal sameness as opposed to the often murderous fixation on identity and difference.

Influence of social media on the esthetic perception of the lip profile of orthodontic patients

ObjectiveTo identify the use of social media as an influencing factor of the orthodontic patient’s preferences regarding the lip profile protrusion. MethodsA two-part cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed to orthodontic patients in Spain and The Netherlands. The first part collected general data and frequency of use of different social media. The second part consisted of a series of modified female and male silhouettes presenting different lip profile positions. Each participant was required to choose both the (male and female) most attractive silhouette and the least attractive one.Student t-test, one-way ANOVA and Chi-square test were performed. Effect sizes were calculated to express the magnitude of differences between samples. ResultsThe Spanish sample resulted in a moderate higher tendency (R2 = 0.060) to choose protrusive lips as the most attractive lip profile for females, on subjects with more frequent use of social media. A medium tendency (R2=0,26) was observed as result of low users of social media choosing and ideal lip profile for men.The Dutch sample showed that high users of social media tended to choose as attractive a more protrusive female lip profile versus low users (p < .01). This was also observed (p < .05) on male attractive lip profiles. ConclusionsResults suggest that frequent users of social media platforms tend to prefer more protruded lips than their less frequent counterparts. This information is valuable to be considered when formulating a treatment plan to satisfy the patient’s expectations.

The Perceptions of Dental Professionals and Laypeople to Facial Aesthetics and Mal-Occlusion in Central India Population.

Dental professionals play an important role in an individual's appearance which can affect the perception of others that can vary greatly depending on their educational and socioeconomic background. The purpose of this study was to determine an insight of recognizing ability of dental professionals and laypersons toward facial aesthetics with different types of orthodontic malocclusion. A questionnaire-based study was conducted on 90 dental professionals and 90 laypersons. The perceptions differences between groups were assessed using visual analogue scale on 11 photographs. Kolmolgorov-Smirnov was used for normality test. The perceptions of facial aesthetics showing various malocclusions were significantly different between dental professionals and laypersons. The dental professionals and layperson perceptions regarding the facial particularly in central Indian population are significantly different for most of the malocclusion types.

Is Incisive Papilla a Good Landmark to Predict Clinical Outcomes and the Esthetic Perceptions of Edentulous Patients Treated with Implant-Supported Fixed Prostheses on Maxillae?

Purpose: To investigate the effect of incisive papilla on esthetic ratings and lip support for patients who are treated with implant-supported fixed prostheses on edentulous maxillae. Materials and Methods: A study population of 118 patients with maxillomandibular edentulism was identified. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate treatment outcomes through a patient perspective. Also, clinical factors such as smile line, maxillary resorption, incisive papilla position, and lip support were evaluated. Results: Lip support has a significant effect on the facial esthetic scores of patients, while smile line and incisive papilla localization have not had a proven statistically significant effect on esthetic and facial esthestic scores of patients treated with implant-supported fixed prostheses on maxillae. Conclusion: Although the patients were diagnosed with disadvantageous clinical factors such as crestally localized incisive papilla, they still noted higher esthetic scores with their fixed prostheses. Factors that affect the esthetic perception of patients or their priorities should be investigated more to understand the reasons for patient satisfaction with prostheses.

Evaluation of the effect of gingival margin and incisal edge locations of maxillary anterior teeth on the perception of smile esthetics

ABSTRACT Purpose It is important to be aware of patients’ esthetic needs to create an attractive smile, because their aesthetic perception might differ from that of clinicians. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of the vertical position of maxillary central incisors and the mesiodistal position of the gingival zenith of maxillary incisors on the esthetic perception of the smile. Materials and methods A close-up, frontal view photograph of a smiling young adult Iranian woman was selected for the present study. The photos were randomly placed in an album and shown to 75 referees who assessed the attractiveness of the photos using VAS. The data were analysed with one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests. Results There were no significant differences in the smile esthetic scores of VP photos given by the laypersons. The laypersons gave the least VAS smile esthetic scores to the photo in which the incisal edges of the central and lateral incisors were at the same level. The specialists gave the highest smile esthetic scores to the GZ photo in which the gingival zeniths of central incisors were 1 mm distal to the vertical axis and the gingival zenith of lateral incisors on the central vertical axis. Conclusion Laypersons were less sensitive than dental specialists in evaluating the esthetic smile of VP photos. However, in evaluating the smile attractiveness of GZ photos, restorative dentistry specialists exhibited more critical opinions than orthodontists and laypersons.

Esthetic Perception of Different Clinical Situations of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis According to Populations with Dental and Non-Dental Backgrounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Treatment of unilateral or bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is challenging, time-consuming, expensive, and requires careful treatment planning, predictability, and esthetics. This review aimed to identify differences in esthetic perception among orthodontists, general dentists, differentiated dentists, and laypersons, which may interfere with treatment options. EBSCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were searched using keyword pairing and a Boolean expression, “(congenitally missing OR agenesis OR hypodontia) AND (maxillary lateral incisors) AND (esthetic perception OR smile) AND (laypersons OR dental professional OR general dentist OR orthodontists).” Reviews and case studies were excluded. A total of 13 studies were selected for qualitative analysis (adapted ROBINS-I) and 11 were selected for meta-analysis (p &lt; 0.05) after being sub-grouped into “Opening vs. Closure” and “No remodeling vs. Dental remodeling vs. Dental and gingival remodeling” groups. A meta-analysis evaluated the magnitude of the difference between groups based on differences in means and effect sizes (α = 0.05; 95% CI; Z-value 1.96), revealing that the esthetic perception of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis treatment remains controversial even among professionals. Gingival remodeling was not valued compared to isolated dental remodeling. Studies lack rigorously comparable methodologies. Discussion with the patient is pertinent in doubtful situations, as the best treatment option remains unclear, and overtreatment should be avoided.

Smile Attractiveness and Treatment Needs of Maxillary Midline Diastema with Various Widths: Perception among Laypersons, Dental Students, and Dentists in Malaysia.

Smile attractiveness and the need for treatment of maxillary midline diastema with various widths are perceived differently between dentally trained and nondentally trained individuals of different sociodemographic backgrounds. This study aims to evaluate how laypersons, dental students, and dentists in Malaysia differ in their perceptions on smile attractiveness and treatment needs of maxillary midline diastema. A smiling photograph with well-aligned maxillary central incisors with proportionate width-to-height ratio and healthy gingival tissues was selected and digitally manipulated to create maxillary midline diastema with 0.5, 2.0, and 4.0 mm widths. The smile attractiveness and the perceived need for treatment of varying widths of maxillary midline diastemas were rated by laypersons, dental students, and dentists using the Likert scale via a single set of self-administered questionnaires. The impact of sociodemographic variables on aesthetic perception of different gap widths was tested using univariate analysis followed by a multiple linear regression model. A total of 158 laypersons, 118 dental students, and 138 dentists participated in this study. Both laypersons and dentists showed significantly higher mean aesthetic scores for 0.5 mm maxillary midline diastema, lower mean aesthetic scores, and hence higher mean treatment needs scores for 4.0 mm maxillary midline diastema as compared with dental students (p < 0.05). In general, female respondents perceived a gap width of up to 2.0 mm as aesthetically pleasing. Higher educational group and the Malay ethnicity had tolerance threshold of 0.5 mm gap width. The older group considered 4.0 mm gap width as aesthetically unpleasing. In conclusion, both laypersons and dentists accepted a 0.5 mm maxillary midline diastema as an attractive smile but considered 4.0 mm maxillary midline diastema as unpleasing smile which required treatment. Perceptions of laypersons and dentists were significantly different from dental students. Educational level, gender, ethnicity, and age were significantly associated with smile attractiveness of maxillary midline diastema at different investigated widths.

Historical and urban-planing development оf the Pryvokzalnii district of Chernivtsi

Historical and urban-planing development оf the Pryvokzalnii district of Chernivtsi

Does the aesthetic perception of protrusion correction change if the face is evaluated from the frontal or profile perspectives?

Objective: verify if reduction of facial convexity obtained with dental extractions promotes changes that are noticeable in frontal view. Compare whether the correction of different degrees of protrusion promotes distinct aesthetic perception in frontal and profile analysis. Methods: two brown female patients with dental class I malocclusion, incisors protrusion and convex profile were selected. Patients displayed initially different protrusion magnitude (moderate x excessive) and were both treated with premolars extraction and anterior teeth retraction. Two sets of images were composed enclosing frontal and lateral records at before and after treatment. Sample of 194 laypeople evaluated the images and answered following questions: (1) Can you notice any differences between the correspondent images presented? (yes or no). (2) Which image do you find most attractive? (3) Assign a score for each image from 0 to 10. Results: position of face had an influence on the perception of the moderate protrusion. In this case, less negative impact on aesthetics was evidenced when protrusion was evaluated frontally. In addition, changes resulting from treatment were more noticeable when analyzed from the profile perspective. Regarding excessive protrusion, no significant differences were observed when comparing frontal and profile views, indicating that protrusion and treatment effects can be perceived equally in both views. Conclusions: treatment with dental extractions in patients with moderate protrusion generates impacts that can be more easily noticed in the profile analysis. However, in patients with excessive protrusion, changes promoted by treatment are noticed in frontal analysis in the same way as in profile.

Study on the Visual Color Texture Representation and Application of Knitted Garments

This template analyzes the expression of the color texture in knitted garment, including 2d (plane/two-dimensional) texture,3d(three-dimensional) texture, and the matching form of the texture and fabric. Enumerated the creative representation of the texture, including the interlacing and balance of lightness and purity, the word games, the concave-convex space, the independent harmony and the collocation of the color texture. It can enrich the content of knitted garment design and endow the knitted garment with the unique aesthetic perception. What’s more, according to this can broaden design thinking and this paper provides reference for the development and design of knitted garments.

The East Asian Cultural Sphere of Time in Japanese Music Books

Ancient Japanese music books have been quite effective in preserving the way the Chinese culture of time evolved dynamically abroad. Studying the relationship of music and dance with the times and festivals revealed in Japanese music books can help restore the context of the rituals and customs of music lost in its Chinese homeland. Japanese Gagaku has succeeded in passing down the seasonal quality of ancient Chinese banquet music which echoed the cycle of times, seasons and phenology and produced a seasonal regularity under which the music corresponded to the season. Some more symbolic Chinese music and dance were selected as the standard music for festivals such as the Double Third Festival, the Double Seventh Festival, and the Dragon Boat Festival. The many aspects of the Chinese culture of time that were accepted by Japan were threedimensional: they included not only the calendar, solar terms, festivals, and other points of time and knowledge of the seasons, but also cultural customs such as sacrificial ceremonies, music and dance, literary narratives, meat and drink, and sports and games. The culture of time that originated from the Han and Tang dynasties not only sustains East Asian countries’ identification with natural laws and time, but also shapes their societies’ shared aesthetic perception of nature, time, and life.

The Category of "Perception" in the Professional Activity of a Social Worker (Aesthetic Aspect)

The professional activity of a social worker is multifaceted, in which the aesthetic aspect has a special place. The key reason is that it aims to reveal the personality with special needs, the beauty of human existence, its inexhaustible possibilities of cognition and self-knowledge, development, and self-improvement. It is especially important for a social worker to help such a person perceive this world adequately, sometimes even overcome the tragedy of their existence, live a full spiritual and social life, and realize their inner potential. Of course, all this requires the proper formation of moral and aesthetic, psychological and pedagogical, and general culture from the social worker. Instead, today the contradiction between man and his culture is becoming more and more obvious. There appeared even the expression "civilization without culture", which testifies to a significant decrease in the importance of the aesthetic in almost all spheres of human life, its gradual descent from the arena of strong social activity and moving to the periphery of public life, the loss of considerable civic attention to it. It is enough to say that the subject "Pedagogical Aesthetics" has not been taught for years in the system of humanitarian education, which includes its fundamental branch - social work. In our deep conviction, this hurts the consciousness of both social workers and their patients, especially in the aspect of aesthetic perception of reality.

Preferred Facial Profile in Tanzanian Populations

There is a difference in the ideals of facial beauty and aesthetic assessment used in orthodontics, from what public opinion believes. For instance, having a light skin in some of Asian societies is considered as among the important factors for female beauty. Consequently, skin whitening products are very widespread. Occasionally, an orthodontist or any other dental practitioner ignores the public’s perceptions of dental esthetics, and this might lead to dissatisfaction with the treatment outcomes since the patients’ perception may be different from that of the clinician. This study determines the facial profile preferred by Tanzanians population. Study involved 160 adult participants of both sexes from Dar es salaam, Tanzania. Images of participants were modified to generate four types of solid black silhouettes facial profiles. Special questionnaires inquiring demographic information, comprised of eight profile silhouettes, were given to the raters. Correlation and descriptive statistical analysis were computed by Stata15. Associations of the responses were compared according to gender, age, skin color, and income. A t-test was used to compare between genders, while ANOVA was used to compare between, skin color, income and age groups. All statistical significance was accepted at CI 95% and p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Interdependence among variables in the sample was determined by multiple regression analysis. Significant correlation was set at p &lt; 0.05. In conclusion, female Straight profile and male Class I profile were the most preferred profiles while, Class III was the least preferred regardless of gender, age, skin color and income differences.

The Aesthetic Perception of Pua Kumbu Textile: A Holistic Exploration

Experiencing art is a complex phenomenon to grasp. The difficulty in comprehending the Pua Kumbu textile relates to several factors influencing participants' aesthetic perception, such as art knowledge, gender, and cultural background. Individuals with all these factors can better comprehend the art piece's values. Thus, the purpose of this study is to use the ARS-Revised questionnaire to assess the aesthetic perception of 400 participants about the Pua Kumbu textiles based on their gender and background. The findings revealed that the participants' positive aesthetic perception of the Pua Kumbu textile was influenced by gender, background, and art knowledge. The aesthetic perceptions were received similarly based on gender, except for textile knowledge. Females, who exhibited more interest in creative arts, observed a greater aesthetic perception of the textile. Those from Sarawak, on the other hand, scored higher in factor 2 (textile knowledge) and could better relate to textile information (factor 3) than those from other backgrounds. Participants from Sabah demonstrated the lowest scores in both factors despite Sabah being situated in the same region as Sarawak, Borneo. The participant's gender and background significantly impact their knowledge of the Pua Kumbu textiles. Conclusively, the beauty of the Pua Kumbu lies in the eyes of the beholder, and those with art knowledge can perceive the textile more clearly with a more comprehensive understanding.

Comparison of Two Umbilicoplasty Techniques in 72 Patients after Breast Reconstruction with a Free DIEP Flap

The appearance of the umbilicus after DIEP flap surgery or abdominoplasty plays an important role in aesthetic perception (1). Although the umbilicus has no function, there is no doubt about the importance of its shape for the self-esteem of patients, especially after breast cancer (2). In the present study, we compared two of the preferred techniques described in the literature on 72 patients in terms of aesthetic outcome, complications and sensitivity: the caudal flap (domed shape) and the oval shape of the umbilicus. Seventy-two patients who underwent a DIEP flap for breast reconstruction between January 2016 and July 2018 were retrospectively included in this study. Two techniques for umbilical reconstruction were compared: the transverse oval shape of the umbilicus and umbilicoplasty using a caudal flap, which results in a dome shape of the umbilicus. To compare the aesthetic results, an evaluation by the patients and an assessment by three independent plastic surgeons were carried out at least 6 months postoperatively. Patients and surgeons were asked to rate the general appearance of the umbilicus, including scarring and shape, on a scale from 1 to 6 (1=very good, 2=good, 3=fair, 4=sufficient, 5=poor, 6=insufficient). Furthermore, the occurrence of wound healing disorders was examined, and patients were asked about the sensitivity of the umbilicus. Both techniques showed similar degrees of aesthetic satisfaction (p=0,49) as part of the patients' self-assessment. The plastic surgeons gave the caudal flap technique a significantly better rating than the umbilicus with a transverse oval shape (p=0,042). More wound healing disorders occurred in the caudal lobule (11,1%) compared with the transverse oval umbilicus. However, this was not significant (p=0,16). A surgical revision was not necessary. The caudal flap umbilicus showed a tendency to improved sensitivity (60 vs. 45%), but this was not significant (p=0,19). Patient satisfaction showed similar results for the two methods of umbilicoplasty. On average, both techniques were given a good rating for their results. However, surgeons rated the caudal flap umbilicoplasty as more aesthetically pleasing.

ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ГОТОВНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ КОЛЕДЖІВ ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ ХОРЕОГРАФІЧНИХ УМІНЬ УЧНІВ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

In the article, the author defines the pedagogical conditions for the readiness of students of pedagogical colleges for the formation of choreographic skills of elementary school students. Choreography as a synthetic art is a polyartistic system of development and upbringing of children based on the synthesis of music and plastic arts, integration of various types of arts (literature, music, theater, painting, poetry), which allows participants to participate in various types of artistic creativity. Dance classes at any qualitative level - perception, cognition, independent creative activity, which not only teach to understand and create beautiful, but also contribute to the development of imaginative thinking and fantasy, stimulate the spiritual forces and creative potential of the individual, provide positive energy, cheerful, self-affirming self-confidence, which in aggregate is the basis for the successful development of not only special artistic abilities, but also the general universal ability to creativity. The content of choreographic activity is motor actions and operations for mastering dance skills and abilities, which serve as the basis for creating new choreographic manifestations unique to the child. The essence of the choreographic activity of younger schoolchildren consists in dance-motor activity, during which not only special choreographic abilities are acquired and improved (elasticity of muscles and joints, plasticity and beauty of movements, inversion of legs, lightness of jumps, etc.), but also the ability to reproduce, interpret, create dance works of various types and genres. In the process of their implementation, students develop aesthetic tastes, artistic thinking, an aesthetic attitude to art, form an aesthetic culture, an aesthetic perception of the world, accumulate artistic and aesthetic knowledge, develop aesthetic feelings, judgments and skills, express the inner experiences of the child's personality, that is, reveal his individuality. The effectiveness of the process of preparation of students of pedagogical colleges for the formation of choreographic skills in elementary school students naturally depends on pedagogical conditions, to which we attributed the motivation of future specialists in the field of choreographic arts to artistic and pedagogical activities that ensure the consistent formation of their creative individuality; the introduction of innovative forms and methods of education that directly affect the readiness of students of pedagogical colleges to form choreographic skills in elementary school students and the activation of reflective activities of choreographer students regarding the possibilities of developing the artistic and creative abilities of elementary school students in the process of choreographic activity.

Experimental Environments and the Aesthetic Experience of Metabolic Processes

AbstractThis article explores the aesthetic experience of metabolic processes in two projects: the newly designed Jade Eco Park in Taiwan, by architect Philippe Rahm, and the virtual reality environment Give and Take, developed by Desiree Foerster, Michaela Büsse, Sarah Hermanutz, and Andreas Rau. The authors argue that a heightened sensitivity to atmospheric and metabolic processes enabled by these projects brings to the foreground a different mode of aesthetic perception, toward how we experience and not only what we feel. They propose further that an aesthetics of metabolism allows us to become more sensitive to our own bodily involvement with the world and other sentient beings with whom humans share the world.