Aesthetic Index Research Articles

Damage evaluation of craniofacial localized scleroderma using magnetic resonance imaging.

Localized scleroderma (LoS) is an autoimmune disease in which craniofacial lesions can cause severe facial deformities with brain involvement. Objective evaluation of craniofacial LoS is challenging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used as a damage assessment tool. This study aimed to analyze the tissue involvement of craniofacial LoS based on MRI and evaluate MRI for craniofacial LoS assessment. This cross-sectional study included patients with craniofacial LoS from September 2021 to August 2022 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Patients who were clinically assessed in a stable phase were enrolled; patients with previous surgical treatment or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants underwent clinical, MRI, and ultrasound assessments. MRI was compared with ultrasound by correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis. The involvement of different tissues and different facial subunits was compared. The accumulated soft tissue atrophy index (ASTAI) was compared with clinical scores by correlation analysis. A total of 28 patients were included (13 female; mean age, 18 years). MRI showed a good correlation and agreement with ultrasound (r=0.916, P<0.001). In different facial subunits, a significant negative correlation between the forehead and chin was found (r=-0.593, P=0.001). The ASTAI correlated well with the facial LoS damage index (r=0.580, P=0.001) and the Peking Union Medical College LoS facial aesthetic index (PUMC LoSFAI) (r=0.921, P<0.001). A total of 38.6% of clinical scores were inaccurate based on MRI. Neurological changes were found in one patient. MRI can reliably quantify damage in craniofacial LoS, and may serve as a useful and objective tool for overall craniofacial LoS evaluation.

Clinical Outcomes of Immediate, Early, and Delayed Implant Placement in the Esthetic Zone: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

To assess the impact of implant placement at different time intervals on the esthetic and clinical outcomes in the esthetic zone. A literature screening was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases. Relevant articles were included according to selection criteria and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data was collected from studies published from 2017 to 2022 in English. Nine articles were included, in which a total of 495 implants were placed; 250 of the implants were immediate, 109 were early, and 136 were delayed. Immediate implant placement (IIP) showed no statistically significant difference in Pink Esthetic Score (PES) compared with delayed implant placement (DIP). IIP showed significantly higher PES in comparison with early implant placement (EIP) (mean difference [MD] &#61; -0.76; 95% CI &#61; -1.50 to -0.02; P &#61; .04). The probing depth (PD) was considerably greater for immediate implants than for delayed implants (MD &#61; -0.62; 95% CI &#61; -1.05 to -0.18; P &#61; .005), and the Plaque Index (PI) was statistically greater for early implants compared with immediate implants (MD &#61; 0.15; 95% CI &#61; 0.11 to 0.19; P < .00001). All other soft tissue outcomes showed equal results. The marginal bone loss (MBL) was statistically higher in early implants compared with immediate implants (MD &#61; 0.09; 95% CI &#61; 0.02 to 0.16; P &#61; .02). IIP had significantly superior PES, MBL, and PI results when compared with EIP. The PD was significantly higher for immediate implants compared with delayed implants. All other outcomes showed no significant difference between the three implant groups. It is important to highlight the limitations of this review such as the small number of studies included and the few reports on esthetic indices.

The prevalence and severity of malocclusion in foster home children

Relevance. Malocclusions in children present a pressing concern in the field of dentistry. Timely diagnostics and treatment of these conditions are crucial for children aged 6 to 18, residing in foster homes, where incidence tend to be higher compared to children raised in family settings. This heightened incidence is often attributed to the lack of timely examinations by pediatric dentist or orthodontists. Such examinations could have potentially prevented the development of malocclusions or facilitated the administration of appropriate orthodontic treatments.Materials and methods. The study included 200 children aged 6 to 18, categorized into two groups: 100 children residing in foster homes or orphanages and 100 living with families (control group). Various malocclusions were identified using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) dental aesthetic index and Angle's classification.Results. Malocclusions were identified in 89.3% of the children from foster home, compared to 66.6% of children from family households. The most prevalent types of malocclusions observed were crowding of front teeth and incisor cross-bite. The DAI dental aesthetic index was higher in children from foster home (DAI = 30.4) than in those from family (DAI = 27.8). Additionally, it was observed that none of the children from foster homes had undergone orthodontic treatment, in contrast to the children in the control group.Conclusion. The study underscores the significance of diagnosing and treating malocclusions in children, with particular emphasis on those residing in foster homes. The results highlight the necessity of implementing effective methods to prevent and address malocclusions in such environments, aiming to enhance the dental health of the children.

Individual and contextual determinants associated with bullying in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age

Abstract Investigate individual and contextual determinants associated with bullying in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren, who answered a question about episodes of bullying related to oral health and questionnaires addressing childhood anxiety and orofacial dysfunction. The guardians provided information on sociodemographic characteristics, sleep disorders, and oral health literacy. Trained examiners assessed the children for the diagnosis of dental caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System, malocclusion using the Dental Aesthetic Index, orofacial dysfunction using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening and traumatic dental injury (Andreasen criteria) (Kappa&gt; 0.80). The contextual variables were the type of school and the monthly income of the school neighborhood. Descriptive statistics was performed to characterize the sample and unadjusted and adjusted (p &lt;0.05) multilevel Poisson regression models were run. The prevalence of bullying was 13.3%. After the adjusted analysis, malocclusion (PR=1.59; 95%CI:1.03-2.44) and anxiety (PR=1.79; 95%CI:1.10-2.93) remained associated with bullying. In terms of context, the monthly income of the neighborhood of the school was associated with bullying (PR=1.75; 95%CI:1.12-2.72). Malocclusion and anxiety influenced the occurrence of bullying. A lower average income in the school neighborhood was an important contextual determinant for the increase in the prevalence of bullying.

Prevalence of dental anomalies and need for orthodontic treatment among adults in the Arctic part of the Arkhangelsk region

The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of dental anomalies (DA) and assess the need for orthodontic treatment (NOT) among adults in the Arctic part of the Arkhangelsk region. In total, 1068 adult residents of Arkhangelsk and Primorski rural district aged 35-90 years took part in a cross-sectional study. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to assess the prevalence of DA and NOT in the study population. The prevalence is presented as percentage with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated using Wilson's method. The overall prevalence of DA was 55.2% (95% CI: 52.2-58.1). It was found that 58.2% (95% CI: 53.5-62.8) of men and 53.1% (95% CI: 49.2-56.9) of women required orthodontic treatment. The highest prevalence of malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment was identified in the age group of 60-74 years in both men and women. This high rate is due to removed teeth, periodontaland somatic diseases so that ortodontical treatment should be used to improve quality of life. The prevalence of dental anomalies and the need for orthodontic treatment in the adult population of the Arctic zone of the Arkhangelsk region is at a high level. Improving dental literacy and developing strategies directed at early prevention of dental diseases starting from childhood, particularly in remote areas, is warranted.

Implant-supported single all-ceramic crowns made from prefabricated (stock) or individualized CAD/CAM zirconia abutments: A 5 year randomized clinical trial.

The aim of this randomized, prospective, and clinical multicenter study was to compare the overall clinical performance of two restorative options over a 5-year period: individualized CAD/CAM abutments veneered with a hand-layered ceramic, and prefabricated zirconium dioxide abutments veneered with press ceramic and inserted into a single edentulous gap in the anterior maxilla. Forty subjects were recruited from two universities: 20 from the University of XX and 20 from the University of XY. Each subject received an implant to restore a single edentulous gap in the maxillary anterior region (14-24 FDI). 20 patients were randomized into each Group. Group A received a one-piece single crown produced from a prefabricated zirconia abutment with pressed ceramic and Group B received an individualized CAD/CAM zirconia abutment with a hand-layered technique. After 5 years, the aesthetic and radiographic parameters were assessed. Group A had four dropouts and one failure, resulting in a 95% survival rate and 95% success rate. Group B had two dropouts and two failures which resulted in a 90% survival rate and 90% success rate. No crestal bone level changes were observed, with a mean DIB of 0.06 mm in Group A and 0.09 mm in Group B. No statistically significant differences were present at baseline, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, or 5 years for DIB values between time points and groups. Pink aesthetic score/white aesthetic score, Peri-Implant and Crown Index, and Implant Crown Aesthetic Index values were stable over time at all five points for both groups. Both implant-supported restorative options represent a valuable treatment option for the restoration of implant crowns in the anterior maxilla. In general, the use of ceramic abutments in the anterior zone represents a valuable treatment procedure with both standardized and CAD/CAM individualized abutments and following the recommendations from the respective manufacturer(s).

Evaluation of different aesthetic indices for planning orthodontic treatment.

Three aesthetic indices namely aesthetic component of index of orthodontic treatment needs (IOTN -AC), dental aesthetic index (DAI) and dental aesthetics screening index (DESI) were compared in orthodontic treatment. 242 participants (160 female and 82 male) who were interested in orthodontic treatment participated. The individuals' ages ranged from 16-25 years. Three aesthetic indices namely IOTN -AC, DAI and DESI were evaluated for each participant. The overall accuracy of DAI, AC-IOTN and DESI in assessment of dental aesthetics in orthodontic treatment was 62%, 68% and 64% respectively. The Negative predictive value (NPV) was higher than Positive predictive value (PPV) for all indices. The sensitivity was greater than specificity for all indices. It was observed that values of sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were high for AC-IOTN. The findings were significant statistically (p<0.05).

Percepción de la estética dental en adolescentes

Introduction: Facial aesthetics affects not only how people are perceived by society but also how they perceive themselves. The appearance of a person's teeth and smile are the main critical components of facial attractiveness. Objective: To check the perception of adolescents about dental aesthetics using the WHO criteria. Design: Systematic review of studies published from 2002 to 2022. Data sources: PubMed, Eligibility criteria were articles that used: Oral Aesthetics Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS), a visual scale and the Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI). Study selection: Five reviewers searched, selected and extracted information from the selected articles. All pooled analyzes were based on random effects models. Results: Of 26 articles, 20 used the WHO criteria AND 6 met the inclusion criteria. All articles had adequate data to summarize in the meta-analysis. Adolescent perception did not change much over the years, since there were no differences in it, even those who underwent orthodontic treatment did not present changes. Conclusions: The psychological situation and oral well-being affect the perception of adolescents. The results come from 6 countries. The perception of adolescents is also influenced by malocclusion.

Prevalence and types of allergy in patients with titanium implants

Introduction: Facial aesthetics affects not only how people are perceived by society but also how they perceive themselves. The appearance of a person's teeth and smile are the main critical components of facial attractiveness. Objective: To check the perception of adolescents about dental aesthetics using the WHO criteria. Design: Systematic review of studies published from 2002 to 2022. Data sources: PubMed, Eligibility criteria were articles that used: Oral Aesthetics Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS), a visual scale and the Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI). Study selection: Five reviewers searched, selected and extracted information from the selected articles. All pooled analyzes were based on random effects models. Results: Of 26 articles, 20 used the WHO criteria AND 6 met the inclusion criteria. All articles had adequate data to summarize in the meta-analysis. Adolescent perception did not change much over the years, since there were no differences in it, even those who underwent orthodontic treatment did not present changes. Conclusions: The psychological situation and oral well-being affect the perception of adolescents. The results come from 6 countries. The perception of adolescents is also influenced by malocclusion.

Striving for Perfection: How Stable Is Orthodontic Treatment When Excellent Outcomes Are Achieved? A 9-Year Post-Treatment Retrospective Study.

(1) Aims: The main objective of this retrospective study was to assess the long-term stability of difficult orthodontic treatments treated to an excellent result and to correlate stability to possible prognostic factors. Secondary objectives were to observe the changes in retention protocol over time and to assess Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) after a long-term post-treatment follow-up. (2) Methods: Cases presented for final examination by orthodontic postgraduate students were retrospectively screened for eligibility. Eligible patients were recalled for a post-treatment recall appointment (T2), consisting of a clinical examination and intraoral scan, and were asked to complete the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14-DK). Gender, age at treatment commencement (T0), treatment modality and duration, and retention protocol were extracted from the records. At T2, the duration of the retention period was recorded, and retainers in place were clinically compared to the original retention protocol. The following variables were assessed on the sets of models at T0, T1 (end of treatment), and T2: arch length and width, overjet and overbite, Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), Peer Assessment Rating score (PAR), and Little's Irregularity Index (LII). Multiple regression models were conducted. (3) Results: Eighty-five subjects attended T2. The mean post-treatment follow-up was 9.4 years +/- 2.4. In the upper arch, at T1, 74 patients had a combination of fixed and removable retainers, while at T2, 55 had a fixed retainer only. In the lower arch, at T1, 67 patients had a fixed retainer only, with this number increasing to 76 at T2. From T0 to T1, the PAR score improved by 96.1%, with the improvement remaining at 77.5% at T2. The stability of lower inter-canine and upper inter-premolar widths was significantly correlated with the extent of changes during treatment. The presence of a lower fixed retainer at T2 and a low LII at T1 were prognostic factors for stability. The mean weighted total OHIP-14 score at T2 was very low (1.6 ± 2.4 points). (4) Conclusions: In a sample with an initial high-severity malocclusion and treated to an excellent outcome, long-term stability was very good. Good stability can be retained when a lower fixed retainer is present at T2 and when a low LII is achieved at T1.

Objective Facial Assessment With Artificial Intelligence: Introducing the Facial Aesthetic Index and Facial Youthfulness Index.

Objective Facial Assessment With Artificial Intelligence: Introducing the Facial Aesthetic Index and Facial Youthfulness Index.

Prevalence of malocclusion in adolescents according to sex, caries experience, gingival bleeding and smile dissatisfaction

Objective: The propose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of malocclusion among adolescents and to assess the differences of this prevalence according to sex, experience of caries, gingival bleeding, and smile dissatisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 adolescents from 10 to 16 years old, who were identified and selected from public schools’ records. Intraoral and extraoral examinations were performed following World Health Organization recommendations and included: number of decayed, missing and filled teeth, presence of gingival bleeding, and occlusal condition. The latter was assessed based on information of Dental Aesthetic Index, and Foster and Hamilton Index, in addition to the evaluation of dental midline, facial and smile pleasantness according to Capelozza Filho classification. Smile dissatisfaction was also evaluated. Bivariate Poisson regression with robust variance was used to compare prevalence rates. Results: The prevalence of malocclusion, caries experience, gingival bleeding and smile dissatisfaction were 96.0%, 52.3%, 55.8%, and 49.4%, respectively. The prevalence of malocclusion was higher among adolescents with gingival bleeding. Statistically significant associations were noticed between crowding of the upper and lower anterior teeth and gingival bleeding, as well as among Class III molar relationship, deviation of the dental midline, anterior open bite, anterior crossbite, and caries experience. Smiles classified as acceptable or unpleasant were associated with dissatisfaction. Conclusion: These findings have evidenced a higher prevalence of malocclusion among adolescents and its association with caries experience, gingival bleeding, and smile dissatisfaction.

ASPECTS OF ASSESSING AESTHETIC PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS

Main goal. To study the state of the maxillofacial system in patients with defects in the hard tissues of the teeth and dentition for the presence of aesthetic problems and the prevalence of aesthetic treatment methods with indirect restorations.&#x0D; Matherials and methods. To study the state of the maxillofacial system , we have created the “Map of determining the level of aesthetics” , which includes an analysis of the shape and colour of the teeth , the condition of the gums , the presence of restorations , the state of occlusal relationships and oral hygiene. 230 people aged 18-45 were examined, intraoral scanning and model scanning were used. General clinical examination methods were carried out, radiological methods were used. In order to evaluate metal-free restorations, clinical evaluation methods according to USPHS criteria (Ryge) were applied.&#x0D; Research results. During the examination of patients, we found that 72.0% of the subjects were not satisfied with their aesthetic appearance. The reasons for this are the discrepancy between the color and shape of predominantly direct restorations, changes in tooth position, and different levels of gingival attachment. We found that in a significant part of patients, fixed metal-ceramic or metal-acrylic fixed structures and direct composite restorations for a period of 3 years or more prevailed, which led to the development of an inflammatory process in the marginal periodontal tissues and gingival bleeding. Significant causes of aesthetic dissatisfaction in the examined patients were changes in the color and shape of teeth or restorations in 67.2% of the examined patients, changes in the position of teeth in 35.6%, and unequal level of gingival attachment of the anterior teeth in 18.4%. In addition, the reasons for the aesthetic dissatisfaction of patients were the inappropriate shape of the cutting edge, the condition of the gums and oral hygiene, direct and indirect restorations. Based on the data obtained, we proposed the Aesthetics Index, which takes into account a set of factors: tooth color, tooth shape, tooth position, level of gingival attachment, shape of the cutting edge, gum condition, condition of direct restorations, condition of indirect restorations, state of oral hygiene, frequency of visits to the dentist. When examining patients according to 10 criteria, a high level (41-50 points) of aesthetics was found in 16.8%, and an average level (31-40 points) in 56.8%. It should be noted that a low level of aesthetic satisfaction (up to 30 points) was found in 26.4% of patients during subjective and confirmed by objective examination.&#x0D; Conclusions. We have proposed the Aesthetic Index, which takes into account the main aesthetic parameters and the state of the hard tissues of teeth and restorations. This index is accessible and simple, and can be used by dentists in their practice. The obtained results indicate that only 16.8% of patients have aesthetic restorations that fully meet the requirements, and 26.4% have a low level of patient aesthetic satisfaction. The main reasons for this are changes in the color, shape, position of the teeth and the level of gum attachment.

The Morphological and Functional Effects of the Endoscope-Assisted One-Stage Approach for Crooked Nose.

A crooked nose is an external nose deformity predominantly caused by congenital aplasia or acquired secondary to trauma or surgery, often accompanied by a deviated nasal septum. Patients with crooked nose have dual needs to improve both esthetic and functional problems. The clinical and photographic information of 48 patients diagnosed with a crooked nose and nasal septum deviation treated from January 2018 to January 2022 was acquired. The morphology and functional effects were investigated by evaluating the general condition of the operation, measuring the esthetic indexes of the nose, and subjectively scoring. For both morphology and function, endoscopy-assisted one-stage correction showed positive results in this study. The external nose deviation distance postoperatively measured 1.28 (0.85, 1.97) mm, which significantly decreased from the preoperative value of 3.96 (3.31, 5.29) mm. The scores of doctors and irrelevant medical students on nose morphology increased significantly from 4.75±1.88 and 3.84±0.76 to 6.48±1.21 and 7.21±0.67, respectively. The rhinoplasty outcome evaluation score and the "nasal obstruction symptom evaluation "score of patients were both significantly improved ( t = -7.508 and t =6.310, respectively, P < 0.001). Endoscope-assisted one-stage correction of the crooked nose can restore nasal morphology, improve the symptoms of nasal obstruction, and achieve patient satisfaction. It is a minimally invasive, safe, effective, and fast recovery approach for patients who need to solve both esthetic and functional problems.

CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ESTHETIC RESTORATION OF ANTERIOR TEETH

Purpose: Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of the aesthetic restoration of the anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: The study included 128 adult patients in need of aesthetic restoration of the anterior teeth. Digital information about the patient's teeth surrounding the soft tissues was captured by a digital camera and scanner. Aesthetic analysis and design were performed using 3shape software and demonstrated to patients. Through communication with patients, an optimized treatment plan was provided. After the aesthetic restoration, the design, color of the restoration, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Aesthetic evaluation was performed according to the form of anterior aesthetic evaluation. Patient satisfaction scores were recorded on a questionnaire containing six items of aesthetic index and doctor-patient communication. Patients were interviewed and reviewed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively, and the clinical effects of the restorations were assessed. Results: All 128 patients had satisfactory clinical results. Aesthetic defects of patients were effectively eliminated using a minimally invasive approach to the restoration protocol for the restoration of anterior teeth with a composite material using adhesive systems. All procedures met the requirements of preoperative digital design. Conclusions: Results data indicate that the functional and aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth defects can be restored without the removal of healthy tooth tissue Proper choice of indications, accurate design of the restoration, contributes to a satisfactory aesthetic restoration of the anterior teeth. For patients with anterior aesthetic defect, digital design plays an important role in optimizing the treatment plan and guiding the entire treatment process. This design can help clinicians achieve predictable, satisfactory esthetic results.

Fat Grafting Reduces Skin Hyperpigmentation of Localized Scleroderma Patients: A Prospective Self-controlled Study.

Localized scleroderma (LS) is characterized by skin fibrosis, hyperpigmentation and soft tissue atrophy. Fat grafting has been widely used to correct LS deformity. To investigate the effect of fat grafting on the skin pigmentation of LS lesions. A prospective self-controlled study was conducted. Skin melanin and erythema indexes were measured by Mexameter® MX18 before and 3months after surgery. Differences between lesions and contralateral normal sites were compared to evaluate changes induced by fat grafting. Localized Scleroderma Cutaneous Assessment Tool and PUMC Localized Scleroderma Facial Aesthetic Index were used for clinical evaluation. Fourteen frontal linear LS patients participated in the study. Before surgery, the melanin index of the lesions was significantly higher than the contralateral sites (p = 0.023), while the erythema indexes were not significantly different (p = 0.426). Three months post-operation, the melanin index of the lesions significantly decreased (p = 0.008). There was no significant change in the erythema index of the lesions before and after fat grafting (p = 0.322). The LoSCAT and PUMC LSFAI scores demonstrated improved disease condition and facial esthetics after surgery. Fat grafting could alleviate skin hyperpigmentation and skin damage of LS lesions while having little effect on skin erythema and disease activity. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Hubungan tingkat kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti menggunakan index of orthodontic treatment need (iotn) dengan dental aesthetic index (dai)

Background: Malocclusion occurs due to a change in dimensions from primary teeth to permanent teeth. The most common malocclusion in children aged 9-11 years is caused by the eruption of the canines and second premolars, requiring orthodontic treatment. To be able to determine the level of need for orthodontic treatment, an orthodontic index is needed, one of which is the Index Of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The orthodontic clinic at RSGM-P FKG Trisakti University is a clinic that performs interceptive orthodontic treatment in the mixed dentition period. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the level of need for orthodontic treatment using the Index Of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) on patients aged 9-11 years at the orthodontic clinic of the RSGM-P FKG Trisakti University. Methods: The research method used was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design. Results: The results of the research based on the results of the Spearman's rho correlation test, obtained a significance value of 0.905 (sig &lt;0.05), the strength of the relationship of 0.023 means that the correlation is very weak between variables. Conclusion: So that it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the need for orthodontic treatment based on IOTN and DAI in patients aged 9-11 years at RSGM-P FKG Trisakti University.

Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12–15 years old schoolchildren in Imphal East, Manipur by using Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI)

Abstract Background: Epidemiologically, the prevalence of malocclusion varies from country to country. Studies of occlusion and malocclusion not only help in orthodontic treatment planning and evaluation of dental health services but also offer a valid research tool for ascertaining the operation of distinct environmental and genetic factors in the etiology of malocclusion. Aim: The present study aims to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12–15 years old schoolchildren of Imphal East, Manipur by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Result: Among 12 years old the mean DAI score was 22.69 ± 6.518, among 13 years old it was 21.98 ± 5.965, among 14 years old it was 22.13 ± 5.364 and among 15 years old it was 21.93 ± 5.811. About the gender-wise distribution of DAI score among school children. The mean value for male is 21.95 ± 5.819 and for female is 22.56 ± 5.975 with no significant difference between them. Conclusion: The DAI was found to be reproducible and valid. The finding of the present study remains significant in providing one of the first baseline data on the malocclusion status of school-going children of Manipur.

Orthodontic treatment need, the types of brackets and the oral health-related quality of life.

Malocclusion can affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The influence of the orthodontic treatment need (OTN) and the type of brackets on OHRQOL is not clear. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between OTN and the bracket type and OHRQoL during the first 6 months of orthodontic treatment (OT) in adult patients. This cohort study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics of a private university. A total of 216 patients aged ≥18 years participated in the study (106 patients with conventional brackets and 110 with self-ligating brackets). The OHRQoL was evaluated using the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) at 5 time points - before OT (T0), and at 24/48 h (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T4) after the installation of the orthodontic appliance. The OTN was evaluated with the dental aesthetic index (DAI) by 2 previously calibrated operators. For the statistical analysis, the χ2 test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. Additionally, Poisson regression models were performed. The evidence of an association between OHRQoL and OTN was found only at T3 (p = 0.0095). No association was found between OHRQoL and the bracket type. However, in the regression models, OHRQoL was statistically significantly worse at T3 in the group with a greater OTN (IRR (incidence rate ratio) = 1.34; 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.21;1.48) and at T4 in the self-ligation group (IRR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.12;1.36). The OHRQoL was affected in the same way at the beginning of OT, regardless of OTN and the bracket type used. However, a worse OHRQoL was observed at 3 months in subjects with greater OTN and at 6 months in patients with self-ligating brackets.

Evaluation of the Dental Aesthetic Index among patients with cleft palate and cleft lip, with or without cleft palate

Evaluation of the Dental Aesthetic Index among patients with cleft palate and cleft lip, with or without cleft palate