Establishment Of New Businesses Research Articles

UNDERVALUATION AND NEW BUSINESS FORMATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

The widespread recognition of new business formation as a facilitator of economic development has generated interest in examining its relevant determinants. In this paper, a rudimentary framework is proposed and empirically tested in which undervaluation of the real exchange rate incentivizes the establishment of new businesses. The goal of the paper is to establish the effect of real exchange rate undervaluation on the formation of new businesses. Using a broad sample of 40 developing countries observed between 2010 and 2018, results from a fixed effects Poisson model finds the evidence supportive of our hypothesis. The results particularly confirm a positive and sizeable effect of real exchange rate undervaluation on the number of newly registered businesses. Additionally, we find this positive effect stronger in countries with reliable energy, human capital, access to finance and efficient transport systems. These findings suggest that exchange rate policies that maintain undervalued exchange rates have an important bearing on business start-ups in developing countries and more so when accompanied by policy efforts to improve human capital, access to finance, efficient transport systems and the supply of reliable energy.

The Contextual Analysis of HRM Practices in Multinational Companies in the Czech Republic

This paper aims to analyze the current state of the Czech Republic’s socioeconomic environment and the HRM practices of MNCs. The Contextual Analysis was made by using data records from 2015 to 2020 from the Czech Statistical Office, Santander Trade’s website, and CzechInvest. By using Hofstede’s six dimensions, the Czech Republic was compared with its neighbor countries: Germany, Poland, and Slovakia. Literature review was done by using articles from the prestigious scientific journals. The study found that the Czech Republic is an attractive foreign investment market because of the followings: it has one of Europe's most strategic geographical locations. Its excellent infrastructure contributes to the Czech Republic's positioning as an important crossroads for European business corridors; its FDI policies and investor-friendly regulations, which offer a number of advantages for foreign investors; and its socioeconomic environment, which is also suitable for the establishment of new businesses in the country. At the end, the study recommends further research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on MNCs, FDI, and the Czech Republic’s policies on how to eliminate these effects.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Berwirausaha Melalui Pelatihan Pendirian Bisnis Baru

This training aims to provide knowledge, understanding, and skill to participants about preparing business plans and starting new businesses by utilizing social media. Participants are expected to be able to find breakthroughs in creating job opportunities for themselves and others during the Covid-19 pandemic. This training was attended by 24 participants consisting of members of the Tangerang Mandiri Student Community and housewives. The method of implementing the activities includes the stages of preparation, implementation, and reporting. While the technique of implementing training activities is online. The results of this training activity indicated that the participants were quite satisfied with this training activity. This activity is sufficient to contribute to participants in increasing knowledge, understanding, and skills in establishing new digital-based MSMEs businesses, compiling simple business plans, and being able to find business opportunities. Therefore, in the future, further activities are needed, namely assistance activities for the establishment of new businesses (MSMEs) based on digital and how to design digital marketing using social media.

Green product innovation: A means towards achieving global sustainable product within biodegradable plastic industry

Green innovativeness has long been considered one of the most significant components of economic progress, environmental sustainability, and improved living standards. Green innovation has developed as a strategic aim both in theory and practice because of the interaction between sustainability and innovation. The main objective of this study is to get a deeper understanding of the motivations behind, strategies towards, and problems of incorporating sustainable development issues into biodegradable plastic product innovation. Biodegradable materials have the potential to replace traditional petroleum-based plastics across a range of products and contribute to a more circular economy. The degradation might occur in the soil, water, anaerobic digestion facility, or compost, depending on the target application. However, the uptake of these materials will not succeed unless consumers, manufacturers, and regulators are convinced of their efficacy. Therefore, this study used a qualitative technique and numerous case studies to fulfil the research goals of getting more profound insights from biodegradable plastic firms and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to examine biodegradable plastic product innovation. To begin with, this study develops a conceptual model that highlights eight important environmental components of innovation in bioplastic products, such as saving energy, public policies, and reductions in material and pollution control, as outlined in product life cycles. Therefore, this research shows that firms are motivated to produce biodegradable plastic for various reasons. The findings also demonstrate that environmental rules may provide possibilities for risk mitigation, profitability and image preservation, and the establishment of new businesses and be a source of restrictions and regulatory compliance. The study's findings are then summarized and incorporated into a concept that illuminates many elements of green product innovation while also answering the difficulties and dangers that businesses confront. Finally, the consequences for business leaders, academics, and policymakers are discussed.

The Establishment of New Businesses as a Seasonal Phenomenon: A Polish Example

The Establishment of New Businesses as a Seasonal Phenomenon: A Polish Example

Does mosque location matter? Mosque and Islamic shops in the European context

PurposeMosques influence the surrounding neighborhoods’ demographic patterns and motivate investors to establish new businesses and commercial activities. This study aims to explore the impact of the mosque on the emergence of new businesses. Furthermore, this study examines the demography of neighborhoods in which mosques are located.Design/methodology/approachThis study opts for an exploratory study using a retrospective analysis approach to explore the mosque’s impact on the social and functional aspects of neighborhoods. The emerging shops around mosques in the city of Liège (Belgium) are analyzed using a logistic regression model. The criterion for the location of Islamic shops was cross-referenced with other variables, such as distance from the center, proximity to supermarkets and shopping malls, distance from the mosque, socio-economic variables (immigration, income nationalities, etc.) and bus accessibility data. Several zones around mosques, ranging from 100 to 1000 m, are established to examine the correlation between types of businesses and distance to the mosque. Five types of businesses are identified: regular trade, light semi-regular trade, heavy semi-regular trade, Horeca and services. Islamic shops are identified based on on-site observations and interviews and classified by type.FindingsThe results show that mosques significantly impact the establishment of new businesses in the surrounding urban space (especially Islamic shops). In terms of the types of Islamic shops surrounding the mosques, this study found a strong presence of “Horeca” (cafes, restaurants and snack bars), and “light semi-regular trade” (mainly personal care).Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the few studies that fulfill the need to understand the role of the mosque location in European cities, focusing on its impact on Islamic shops.

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT THROUGH FOOD PROCESSING BASIC CHOCOLATE

Indonesia is a cocoa producer with potential to be developed. Cocoa that has been industrially processed into cocoa powder, dark chocolate and others. Chocolate-based cake business is very suitable to be developed because the raw materials are easy to obtain. In addition to the potential available raw materials, cocoa also contains good nutrition for the growth of the human body. The purpose of the training is to increase knowledge about entrepreneurship, improve welfare and improve nutrition for the community considering the current condition of the country which is being affected by the COVID-19 virus outbreak. The participants were attended by 20 people who were going to start a new cake business, especially cakes made from chocolate. The training material consists of theory and practice of making chocolate-based cakes. The results obtained from the technical guidance of this training are that the community has knowledge about the establishment of new businesses, especially the delicious, nutritious and hygienic chocolate cake business. All participants who take part in the training are willing to establish a new entrepreneur of chocolate-based cakes, either individually or in groups.

A preliminary assessment of industrial symbiosis in Sodankylä

This study focuses on developing a possible architecture of planned industrial symbiosis in Sodankylä, Finland. The municipality of Sodankylä is considering the establishment of new businesses to boost the region's local economy. The preliminary assessment presented here evaluates some new markets, including combined heat and power plants, a biogas reactor, greenhouse farm, fish farm and several insect farms. These businesses should be able to fulfil the criteria of sustainability and circular economy. This study proposes an architecture where companies can quantify the value and the cost of material exchange. The combined life cycle cost and the net present value of symbiosis are estimated at €93 and €43 million respectively. The combined life cycle cost of waste management is calculated to be €6.40 million. The study's novelty is its projection of the quantified cost of bio-waste and recyclable waste of industries, highlighting the monetary value of industrial symbiosis where waste products can turn into industries' raw material. The value gained and cost reduced by such symbiosis is forecast at 14.65% and 6.8% respectively.

Assessment of regions using an index for a location’s attractiveness for business development

A system of 36 regional-level indicators is selected to create a new index measuring a location’s attractiveness for business development (the LA-index), on the criteria of intelligence, networking and infrastructure, sustainability, digitalisation, learning, agility, innovativeness and knowledge. Business establishment is defined by nine indicators. Overall, the research data include 5,170 observations. The methodology presented is suitable for assessing the attractiveness of any region if the necessary data are available. We use correlation analysis and the Granger causality test to analyse the impact of business attractiveness on the establishment of new businesses. The main findings reveal that attractiveness for business development has a positive impact on the establishment of new businesses, but the determinants and time lags of this impact vary depending on the level of economic development of the region. The paper contributes to the regional economic development literature by exploring the concept of a location’s attractiveness using the smartness approach, and by discovering the time lags of the impact of this on the establishment of new businesses. The paper provides original empirical evidence, which helps policy makers to develop more accurate strategies and decision-making process based on smartness determinants and delayed effect (impact over time).

Gentrificación y alimentación en Santa María La Ribera

Objetivo: explorar la relación que existe entre gentrificación y alimentación en un barrio de la Ciudad de México a través del cambio del paisaje alimentario de la zona estudiada. Metodología: este trabajo tiene una combinación de técnicas etnográficas que incluyen observación participante y doce entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes clave. Resultados: los procesos de transformación barrial pueden ser analizados a través de las prácticas alimentarias y de las reconfiguraciones de los paisajes alimentarios urbanos en múltiples dimensiones: desde el establecimiento de nuevos negocios, hasta la diversificación en los tipos de consumo, pasando por el significado que adquieren los establecimientos tradicionales que se han convertido en espacios de resistencia. Los cambios en la estructura urbana y demográfica están estrechamente vinculados con la transformación del paisaje. Limitaciones: el presente trabajo no alcanza a registrar otros procesos concatenados a la propia transformación barrial y que inciden también en las prácticas alimentarios de habitantes y visitantes de la misma. Conclusiones: a partir del análisis de Santa María La Ribera podemos resaltar la forma en la que los cambios en la oferta culinaria de un vecindario pueden evidenciar la manera en que éste se reconfiguran en su estructura poblacional y urbana, así como la resignificación de ciertos espacios como los puntos de venta y consumo de alimentos.

Insight review on impact of infrastructural development in driving the SDGs in developing nations: a case study of Nigeria

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognize the dominance of infrastructure as a panacea for the nation’s development to improve the quality of people’s lives. In Nigeria, inadequate infrastructure has impaired the prospect of attaining some of these SDGs. Some of the identified barriers causing the poor implementations of SDGs in Nigeria include poverty, poor accountability, inadequate domestic water supply, poor energy supply, poor human capital development initiatives, poor transportation and telecommunication networks, illiteracy level, and environmental degradation. But while the SDGs are a non-enforced agreement, the way and manner of implementation and the conditions under which the state acts in accordance with the agenda were not properly spelled out. However, the success of the SDGs in Nigeria requires commitment from government at all levels to provide adequate funding, financial prudence, stable polity, sound policies, availability of functional infrastructural facilities and ensuring value for money. This will result in achieved opportunities such as the establishment of new businesses, boosting of employment rate, ample growth opportunities, enhance risk-adjusted financial returns to investors, an increase in the rate of youth and adults in formal education and non-formal education, and promoting environment friendliness. This review further recommends that government should address the challenges faced in the area of power, telecommunication, corruption and access to agrarian areas in the country in order to have an inclusive infrastructural development that is positively driving growth. Moreover, assessment of projects should include initial capital investment, operational cost, maintenance, and disposal of the asset which will guarantee more sustainable infrastructure projects that are likely to perform much better through the lifecycle. Thus, successfully achieving the SDGs must involve innovative approaches to infrastructure financing and sustainable public procurement.

THE IMPACT OF CORRUPTION ON STARTING THE NEW BUSINESSES - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES AND DEVELOPED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

This paper analyzes the impact of corruption on the establishment of new businesses through a comparative analysis of the Western Balkan countries and the developed European countries. The aim of the paper is to examine whether corruption affects the establishment of new businesses, and to identify areas that are important for starting a new business in which corruption is most present, as well as to propose measures that can mitigate the negative effects of corruption and, consequently, make more supportive environments for development of entrepreneurship. Our initial assumption is that corruption has a negative impact on the development of entrepreneurship. In order to check this hypothesis, the method of correlation and regression analysis was applied in research of corruption impact on entrepreneurship development based on a sample of 25 countries. The results of our research have shown that corruption has had a negative and statistically significant impact on the establishment of new businesses. Also, our research has shown that the impact of corruption on the development of entrepreneurship is higher in countries characterized by an insufficiently stable and underdeveloped macroeconomic environment such as the Western Balkans countries, compared to developed European countries. As study has shown, obtaining construction permit and registering property are the areas in which corruption is most pronounced.

International entrepreneurship by particular people 'on their own terms': a study on the universal characteristics of entrepreneurs in evolving economies

Incorporation of local people in different places into value creation through the establishment of new businesses is perceived as an entrepreneurial behaviour that promotes the internationalisation. Building on the wealth of material on internationalisation theory and regulation theory, this paper broadens the understanding of universal determinants of international entrepreneurial orientation and performance. Our results reveal that education, household income, and gender significantly contribute to the IE while we could not find any evidence to support the influence of age categories. To do so, we employed a binomial logistic regression modelling covered the data from evolving economies including Italy, Iran, and Canada.

What Drives the Creation of New Businesses? A Panel-Data Analysis for EU Countries

ABSTRACTOur article aims to identify the key factors that affect the establishment of new businesses in 18 developed and emerging member countries in the European Union over the period 2003–2015. Using panel-data estimation techniques, we alternatively assess the effects of some macroeconomic, demographic, individual, and business environment-related factors on the dynamics of new firm creation, proxied by the rates of nascent entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. The results show that macroeconomic and demographic variables are the most significant determinants, followed by the individual characteristics of potential entrepreneurs and of the business environment. In addition, the sovereign debt crisis in Europe in 2010 positively affected entrepreneurship through increased support for new firms by individual country governments and the European Union.

Alternative fish feed production from waste chicken feathers

<p class="Abstract">In this This devotion has been done to provide education and training of the utilization of waste chicken manure, making flour chicken feathers as a fish feed alternative, that can overcome some of the problems that waste chicken feathers from the center cutting broiler chickens in the village Krasak enough, it causes pollution, and not used optimally; Low public awareness of awareness of environmental pollution; the lack of public knowledge about the utilization of waste chicken feathers, and processing technology, as well as to address the needs of fish feed more expensive, need alternative feed ingredients. This service program has provided insight to the public about waste chicken feathers so that it can be used as a new entrepreneurial startups. To achieve these objectives have been done of activity as follows: 1) Provide counseling and understanding of the community will be a negative impact on the environment of waste chicken feathers. 2) Provide counseling utilization of waste chicken feathers for people in nearby farms. 3) Make a chicken feather meal of chicken feather waste as an alternative fish feed to improve digestibility of chicken feathers. 3) The formation of the group for increasing the economic income of the family. This service activities program runs quite well with demonstrated some activity, namely: 1) Change Behavior Society (knowledge transfer); 2) Chicken Feather Extension Waste Utilization; 3) Making Unit Waste Chicken Feathers; 4) Establishment of New Business of Diversified Waste Chicken Feathers.</p>

Homeownership and entrepreneurship: a search-and-matching model and a panel analysis in Italy

Housing market rigidities or inefficiencies can damage labour market outcomes and increase unemployment. Also, a related research stream claims that higher homeownership rates are associated with fewer new businesses. Using a search-and-matching model, this theoretical paper investigates the inexplicably neglected relation between homeownership and entrepreneurship by distinguishing two channels through which homeownership affects the creation of enterprises and jobs. The first channel looks at the job search intensity of homeowners, while the second considers the link between the benefit of being a homeowner and the revenues of a new enterprise that is run by the homeowner. The main result of this paper is that the intrinsic preference for homeownership plays a key role in the establishment of new businesses, while in general homeownership does not encourage the development of existing enterprises. Indeed, a panel analysis in Italy confirms the main finding of the search-and-matching model, namely outright homeownership encourages the creation of new small businesses.

A study of innovative product marketing strategies for technological SMEs

New technologies and product developments are the core for small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) to maintain their long-term competitiveness. A framework which links enterprise management to product technological developments is provided via longterm product and technology plans. The goal is to plan products which satisfy customer requirements and to ensure technologies and products are developed timely and it is also an important topic to fit in with the market trend. This study began with research references related to resources, core technological values, innovative product benefits, and marketing strategies for SMEs. The analyses include the establishment of new business, development of core technical capability and cross-platform products, and a successful business model of brand marketing strategy. The concept of technology diamond model (TDM) was proposed to technological SMEs along with the technology, product and marketing strategy (TPM). The way of introducing this strategy into actual practices during the transformation process of SMEs was also investigated. The purpose is to provide a systematic process so as to proceed with plans of product and technology developments against basic market and customer requirements. It is thus necessary to develop a set of marketing strategies which meet enterprises’ requirements so as to contribute to enterprises’ sustainable development and keep their competitiveness.

Diseño de un modelo que interpreta el concepto de marketing territorial aplicado al departamento de Santander y su área metropolitana

El concepto de cadena de valor acotado por M. Porter (1990) ha descrito los modelos de desarrollo de actividades que se llevan a cabo en empresas e industrias con el ánimo de obtener un mejor rendimiento traducido en generación de valor para los públicos objetivos, por lo cual la finalidad misma de la interpretación del concepto en referencia es lograr determinar las actividades o competencias diferenciadoras que lleven a la obtención de una ventaja competitiva y con ello considerar una rentabilidad superior a otros competidores presentes en el mercado.
 Pero cuando no se habla de industria, sino de un territorio visto como una zona que puede ser aprovechada para generar valor; López, Méndez y Dones (2009), identifican una relación existente entre los conceptos de marketing territorial y cadena de valor, aludiendo a que existen actividades y procesos de crecimiento económico y de desarrollo regional que generan competitividad e interacción entre actores que se encuentran en un territorio definido. Así, de acuerdo a Cotorruelo (2001), el concepto de marketing territorial se incorpora en procesos de generación de valor y su aprovechamiento obedece a la identificación de elementos diferenciadores para una determinada región y de su utilización para hacerla visible y competitiva.
 Según Boisier (2006), “todos los territorios quieren ser competitivos hacia adentro y hacia afuera”, por lo cual, la construcción de una imagen positiva regional incluye estrategias encaminadas hacia la generación del desarrollo local desde aspectos económicos, sociales, ambientales y culturales, que conducen a la proliferación de nuevas oportunidades...

The Application of Technology and Strategy in Management Business of SMEs

In this work, I tried to give a detail answer in concerning the relationship between technology and business strategy in the Management of SMEs. Entrepreneurship and innovation is now all over the world are centered because of further economic growth and reduction of unemployment can only be based on the entrepreneurial society. Entrepreneurial Society entrepreneurial economy is characterized with entrepreneurs where there are a large number of new businesses. An entrepreneur is a person who is willing to take the risk of starting business ventures and the establishment of new businesses. Entrepreneurship is defined as the totality of entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and abilities to successfully conduct business. The basic characteristics entrepreneurial companies are constantly establishing a variety of small businesses entrepreneurships / trades that do not employ any workers to entrepreneurship employing up to hundreds of employees. The success entrepreneurship is based on the constant changes and responding to changes. Essentially all of the changes is innovation of products and services and high quality new products that can only confirm the market. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n2s1p104

Motivation of University Students as Future Entrepreneurs

This paper looks at the issue of motivating individuals entering into the business environment through the establishment of new businesses. The paper has been inspired by findings from the analysis of secondary data, in particular from questionnaire surveys carried out by renowned institutions in both the Czech Republic and across Europe. Attention is then focused on students from Masaryk University who are expected to enter the business environment. The questionnaire survey was aimed at students from the Faculty of Economics and Administration, as well as students from the Faculty of Law. The results are an important output for developing further methods in terms of their practical application in improving the preparation of students for their future careers.