Esports Games Research Articles

The Color-Word Stroop Task Does Not Differentiate Cognitive Inhibition Ability Among Esports Gamers of Varying Expertise

This study set out for the first time to identify whether gamers of low, intermediate, and elite skill level in a prominent esports game, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, demonstrated increasingly superior performance on a test of a specific cognitive skill (cognitive inhibition). Here we tested low, intermediate, and high ranked gamers and compared their performance on a color-word Stroop Task and also compared the performance of players in each gaming rank group to non-gamers. Contrary to our hypothesis, the Stroop Task did not differentiate significantly gamers of varying expertise. Although, we found that when considering both accuracy and response times, elite gamers performed significantly better than both intermediate and low ranked gamers on the simple choice reaction time condition and both elite and novice gamers performed significantly better than intermediate ranked gamers on the incongruent condition (a measure of cognitive inhibitory ability).

E-sportra vonatkozó motivációs vizsgálatok egyetemisták körében

The basis of our research is the popularization of e-sport and its significant development. Compared to many other sports, e-sport is not only a sports game, it is also a dynamically developing business in which the market success of its stakeholders depends to a large extent on its ability to recognize the needs of its stakeholders, sportsmen, the public and sports clubs. In our research we are looking for the answer to the question of students' attitude towards e-sports and what motivates them to spend more time with e-sports. Among other things, we have found that students are intrinsically motivated, besides getting their own pleasure, meeting themselves, it is very important to gain experience and to constantly develop themselves, to learn more new techniques and methods with the given e-sports game.

Esports extension of a football brand: stakeholder co-creation in action?

ABSTRACTResearch question: There is no published research on how the launch of an esports section can influence the meaning of a sport brand. This research aims at finding out if and how the participation in sport simulation esports games influences the meaning of a football brand and if and how stakeholders co-construct this meaning in interaction.Research methods: Based on the theoretical concept of brands as complex and dynamic social phenomena, the research analyses the online discourse of fans and professional players of AS Monaco football and esports over two years during and after the launch of the club´s new sport simulation esports games section. Semi-structured interviews with football fans and the AS Monaco Head of Digital serve the purpose of triangulation to assure the proper interpretation of the discourse.Results: Football fans ignore or do not consider the launch of sport simulation esports games worth discussing. Esports fans are not concerned with football. The two communities evolve apart from each other. The lack of fit between the fanś associations with the sport brand and the brand extension does not diminish fan-based brand equity. The meaning of the brand to the football fans does not change. Two sub-versions of the AS Monaco brand with a very similar core meaning tend to develop.Implications: The concept of brands as complex dynamic social phenomena might need adaptation when applied to the field of football brands. If management aims to extend the brand via the launch of sport simulation esports games, management should organise events that link the traditional sport and esports in a way to make both fan communities experience the core meaning of the brand.

Antecedents and consequence associated with esports gameplay

PurposeGrounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) (Venkatesh et al., 2012), the purpose of this paper is to examine the antecedents and consequence associated with esports gameplay by proposing the Esports Consumption (ESC) model, including six determinants of esports gameplay intention (hedonic motivation, habit, price value, perceived effort expectancy, social influence and flow) and behavioral consequence (media consumption intention of esports events) that were linked to esports gameplay.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed model was tested using the data (n=348) that were collected from esports consumers at two points in time. Per the technology adoption theories (i.e. TAM, UTAUT2), the authors incorporated a temporal separation when measuring the relationship between playing intention and playing behavior. For the purpose of data analysis, CFA and SEM were used to examine the hypothesized model.FindingsAs a result, four determinants (i.e. hedonic motivation, price value, effort expectancy and flow) were identified as the critical factors influencing esports consumers’ esports gameplay intention. Furthermore, the bootstrap method procedure verified that a sequential relationship among esports gameplay intention, esports gameplay and media consumption of esports events.Originality/valueTheoretically, it has developed a research model that explains various triggers resulting from esports gameplay intention, which is causally linked to esports gameplay and media consumption behavior. Practically, the primary implication has to do with providing information regarding esports consumers’ playing behavior with esports game publishers, which organize esports events and leagues.

Participation Motivation Scale For E-Sports: Validity and Reliability Study (PMSES)

Electronic sports appeared in the world in the late 1970s and gained popularity in the 2000s. In Turkey, on the other hand, the popularity and the number of players have increased after 2008. In this study, the Participation Motivation Scale for E-Sports (PMSES) was developed in order to evaluate the motivation for participation of those who do E-Sports. The research included 590 participants that play various E-Sports games. The research was designed as the structural equation and mixed model. Within the scope of the structural validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out in the SPSS 23, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to the measuring instrument in AMOS Software. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was found to be 0.975 and the sample size was found to be sufficient. As a result of the factor analysis applied regarding the validity of the scale, three factors representing 78.847% of the total variance were obtained. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.972 as a result of the reliability analysis of the 22-item scale. It can be said that the Participation Motivation Scale for E-Sports (PMSES) is a valid and reliable data collection tool that can measure the participation motivation of the individuals who do E-Sports.

Observation Of Heart Rate Variability Response To Collegiate Esports Tournament

OBSERVATION OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY RESPONSE TO COLLEGIATE ESPORTS TOURNAMENT G.B. Rhoden, S. Valladao, T.L. Andre, D. Cox. The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS1 Heart rate variability (HrV) derives from the intricate relationship of sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic regulation of heart rate. HrV has been utilized as a marker of stress and recovery in traditional sports, however, to date no investigations examined the HrV response to esports. PURPOSE: To determine the HrV response during a competitive live esports tournament in collegiate club esport competitors. METHODS: Male members of the Ole Miss esports team (n=14; age = 19.8±1.0 years; BMI = 24.1±5.5; esport mean hours per week = 18.9±11.6) participated in the study during a live esports tournament. A pre-HrV and post-HrV (5-minutes each) measures were collected using a Polar H10 HR monitor with the Elite HrV mobile app while seated. Participants were seated for 5 minutes before obtaining pre- and post-HrV measures. For during competition HrV measure, recordings for HrV began immediately prior to their esport matches and ended immediately post while remaining seated. For the statistical analyses, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for RMSSD, ln(RMSSD), and R-R intervals. Tukey’s post hoc test were used when necessary. Paired-samples t-test were utilized for LF:HF ratio and HF. Results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation. RESULTS: R-R intervals during were significantly lower than pre- and post- (pre: 643.64ms ± 138.54ms; during: 465.71ms ± 68.99ms; post: 616.07ms ± 109.98ms, p = 0.002). HF post competition was significantly decreased compared to pre (325.83ms2 ± 341.81ms2 vs. 494.55m2 ± 526.84ms2; p = 0.046). No significant differences were found for RMSSD (pre: 25.67ms ± 17.48ms; during: 15.50ms ± 12.34ms; post: 23.72ms ± 18.07ms; p = 0.223), ln(RMSSD) (pre: 3.00ms ± 0.77ms; during: 2.51ms ± 0.69ms; post: 2.86ms ± 0.90m; p = 0.249), or pre and post LF:HF ratio (pre: 4.47 ± 2.96 vs. post: 5.54 ± 3.62; p = 0.260). CONCLUSION: This is the first investigation to observe the HrV response to a live esport competition. Future investigations should examine differences between esport games and time durations.

Expertise in Professional Overwatch Play

eSports is a rapidly growing phenomenon in competitive gaming. Expertise is an interesting topic to study in relation to eSports, as eSports athletes are considered among the most highly-skilled players of their particular games. Examining expertise not only advances the understanding of what skills compose professional play but enables a deeper study of learning in games; before learning processes are studied, it is important to detail what learning these processes should produce. This study examines expertise through the application of thematic analysis to a series of interviews with professional players of the eSports game, Overwatch. The goal of this study is to identify which skills are perceived to be important to professional-level play by professional players. Two overarching themes were identified, game sense and mechanics. A number of sub-themes were identified as important, including survival, anticipation / prediction, communication, thoughtfulness, aim, ability usage, movement and positioning, and team-based mechanical synergies.

Using API Data to Understand Learning in League of Legends: A Mixed Methods Study

ABSTRACTThis mixed-methods research was conducted to understand the impact of learning and player growth in a League of Legends summer camp. Eighteen adolescents engaged in a three-day sleep-over summer camp with various team building activities. Data collected included API metadata from pre- and post-camp as well as semi-structured interview data with youth who attended the camp. Exposing the participants to teamwork methods had a significant impact on changing how players approached competitive game play and engagement in digital environments. In particular, we find that participation in the summer camp led to significant changes in vision score, the most team-focused aspect of the game for which statistics were available. Furthermore, as demonstrated by the qualitative data, evidence suggests youth have an understanding for how teamwork can positively influence peer interactions within digital environments. These findings are important as they demonstrate that teaching team-focused activities can have a significant impact on the players of competitive esports games, and it also implies that the role of teamwork within various digital platforms needs deeper study. Findings indicate that a transfer of learning occurs between physical and digital spaces and that youth recognize the importance of teamwork and team-building activities in digital learning spaces.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM E-SPORT CYBERCAFE FINDER MENGGUNAKAN METODE LBS (LOCATION BASED SERVICE) BERBASIS ANDROID

Abstract - The android mobile mapping application is very popular nowadays because it really helps people for daily activities, especially helping gamers especially to find the location of the nearest cybercafe that has qualified specifications to play eSport games, the rapid world of eSport gaming which has more international tournaments. more and more people are focusing on becoming an esport gaming athlete, every esport game requires high computer specifications in order to play it smoothly and without hindrance, this is where the role of cybercafe is, cybercafe provides high-specification computer facilities which are capable of accommodating various eSport games like Dota -2, CS:GO, PUBG, Fortnite, and others. And this application is a liaison between gamers and cybercafe locations located, this application uses the very relevant LBS method used in an application based on the mapping concept, this application is created using an android studio which is thought to be qualified to make an application that is user friendly and easy to use, besides this application also requires an internet connection because it is connected directly to google maps, navigation is very important in the operation of this application. KeyWords - cybercafe, maps, location based service, android mobile, android studio.

Индивидуально-типологические характеристики участников киберспортивных игр

Статья посвящена проблеме исследования индивидуально-типологических особенностей участников киберспортивных игр. Раскрыта специфика киберспорта как новой социокультурной практики, показана актуальность развития психологии спорта как междисциплинарной области знания. Рассмотрены основанные направления исследований психологических характеристик киберспортсменов : анализ позитивных и негативных эффектов влияния занятий киберспортом и компьютерных игр на физическую активность и психологическое здоровье, выявление мотивов игры, когнитивных и личностных характеристик киберспортсменов. Показано, что исследования индивидуально-типологических особенностей киберспортсменов, в отличие от представителей традиционных видов спорта, являются малоизученными. Их выявление и описание позволит определять склонность к определенным дисциплинам киберспорта, разрабатывать психологические основания повышения результативности тренировочной и соревновательной деятельности киберспортсменов с учетом их индивидуальности, предупреждать психологические риски занятия киберспортом. На основании результатов эмпирического исследования свойств нервной системы, типологических характеристик темперамента, самооценки волевых качеств определена специфика проявления индивидуально-типологических характеристик киберспортсменов в зависимости от класса игр. Установлены взаимосвязи между индивидуально-типологическими свойствами киберспортсменов, мотивами заняния киберспортом и характеристиками киберспортивной деятельности. Составлены типологические портреты представителей трёх классов киберспортивных игр: «Шутеры», « MOBA » и «Файтинги».

The key to key presses: eSports game input streaming and copyright protection

The key to key presses: eSports game input streaming and copyright protection

E-스포츠 콘텐츠 이용자들의 저작권보호 의사결정에 대한 영향요인 분석

이 연구는 e-스포츠 콘텐츠 이용자들을 대상으로 저작권보호 의사결정에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 자료 수집은 2012년 8월 한 달간 서울지역에 위치한 e-스포츠 경기장에서 진행하였는데, 총 400부의 설문지를 배포하여 자기평가기입법으로 응답된 375부를 회수하였다. 이 가운데 21부는 응답이 불성실하거나 분석에 적합하지 않은 것으로 판단되어 제외하였다. 따라서 총 354부의 설문응답을 자료 분석에 사용하였는데(총 응답률 88.5%), 다중회귀분석을 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. e-스포츠 콘텐츠 이용자의 법/도덕적 규범, 인지된 집단규범, 그리고 과거의 습관/행동은 저작권보호 의사결정에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이 영향요인들 중 법/도덕적 규범의 영향력이 가장 크게 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing copyright protection decision-making among Korean eSports game users. Data collection was conducted over a month at an eSports arena located in Seoul. Of the surveys collected, 354 valid data (88.5% of response rate) were analyzed in SPSS Ver. 20.0 through descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that copyright protection decision-making regarding eSports contents was significantly influenced by legal/moral norm, perceive group norm, and past habit/behavior. Among the factors, legal/moral norm was found to be the most influential on copyright protection decision-making.

E스포츠 유형별 게임몰입과 게임중독이 체육활동 관여도에 미치는 영향

This study was to analyze sport activity involvement effects of the online game flow and addiction according to the e-sports type and provide an overview of the solution that the e-sport`s problems related to join in the Korean Amateur Athletic Association, and negative point of view about violence and addiction at the online e-sports game. The subject of this study were 599 middle school students, high school students and undergraduates in Seoul, Gyeonggi area. The sample divided into sport type e-sports and non-sport type e-sports groups and compared to online game flow, online game addiction and sport activity involvement. To analyze materials reliability and correlation analysis, EFA, CFA and SEM were used as statistic analysis techniques. Results of this study were as following. First, online game flow of the whole sample has positive influence on sport activity involvement and online game addiction however, online game addiction has negative influence on sport activity involvement. Second, online game flow of the sport type e-sports group has positive influence on sport activity involvement, but online game addiction has negative influence on sport activity involvement. the online game flow has not influence on addiction. Third, online game flow of the non-sport type e-sports group has positive influence on sport activity involvement and online game addiction. The online game addiction has not influence on sport activity involvement. The results show that participants in the sport type e-sports more related to sport activity involvement than non-sport type. Accordingly, e-sports organization have to invigorate sport type e-sports.

E-스포츠 게임 이용자의 라이프스타일과 만족도

e-스포츠 게임 이용자의 라이프스타일과 만족도