Escape Routes Research Articles

Article: Plurilateral Agreements and the Multilateral Trade System: Lessons from the Past and Present for the Future

The World Trade Organization (WTO) remains the leading international institution for global trade. As a member-driven organization, the WTO adopts decisions mainly by consensus. Whilst this promotes equality in decision-making between Members, it raises a challenge in a situation where Members are unable to achieve consensus required to adopt a decision. As a result, there is growing debate on whether WTO Members should adopt plurilateral agreements to advance their diverse interests in the system. This paper contributes to this argument by highlighting plurilateral agreements are part of the WTO system and have been used to strengthen the WTO, rather than weaken it and should be used in this manner. This paper highlights that plurilateral agreements are common concepts in the WTO and have been used to strengthen the multilateral trade system. This paper provides an overview of the use of plurilateral agreements during the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) era and under the WTO. It argues that plurilateral agreements have strengthened the trading system by operating as legally binding instruments for WTO plus commitments, a solution to multilateral inaction and an avenue for autonomy within the WTO. It concludes by emphasizing that discussions on the trade system’s reform should consider plurilateral agreements as an avenue to strengthen the multilateral trade system rather than as an alternative to or an escape route from it.

Enhancing smoke management in underground parking areas using jet fan systems with a focus on dead-end areas

This study delves into the utilization of jet fans in underground parking structures for smoke management during fires, with a specific focus on enhancing smoke control near critical areas adjacent to dead-end sections through innovative jet fan designs. Through the analysis of airflow patterns and computational fluid dynamic simulations, the research aims to effectively contain smoke and prevent its dispersion to unaffected zones. Findings underscore the significance of parking layout designs in ventilation strategies and soot dispersion rates. Altering the downward orientation of the jet fan outlet results in a notable portion of smoke being confined within the parking facility. Additionally, widening the jet fan outlet, as proposed in the design, can enhance smoke evacuation in all directions. Two hazard detection scenarios were executed within the parking structure following the British standard (BS), with one scenario simulated as a fire ignition source. The chosen scenario considers all escape routes and evacuation procedures within the underground parking area based on architectural specifications. By employing OpenFOAM software with the buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFOAM solver, the study assesses the efficacy of this approach, achieving a reduction in airflow irregularities of over 30%. It also provides valuable insights for designers to refine their comprehension of jet fan design, recommending tailored designs for specific zones. This research offers practical guidance for designers to optimize jet fan configurations for effective smoke control in underground parking facilities.

Improvement Project on Timely Fire Evacuation for Patients under Hemodialysis

<p>因醫院高樓化、電氣配管複雜及病人受限於透析管路連接著機器易導致逃生困難，單位於2020年8月進行火災撤退演練，撤退時間為28分鐘17秒，高於消防署規定的21分鐘。故成立專案小組進行改善，分析確立問題為沒有參與過火災緊急應變撤退實際演練、撤退逃生路線標示不清、衛教指導後未確實評值病人的了解程度、相關衛教指導工具不足。執行期自2020年9月1日至2021年1月31日，為期5個月，依計劃期、執行期及評值期三階段進行，介入措施包含舉辦火災緊急應變撤退實際演練、製作撤退動線夜光引導標示、規範火災緊急應變撤退認知及技能稽核標準、製作火災緊急應變撤退小卡、衛教單張、教學影片及透析管路分離作業流程。專案實施後，病人對火災緊急應變撤退的認知由改善前的42.0%提升至改善後的88.4%，而撤退技能由改善前的38.9%提升至改善後的88.0%。撤退時間亦由28分鐘17秒縮短為19分鐘50秒。使病人在火災發生時，更有助於確保自身生命安全。</p> <p> </p><p>Difficulty in evaluation is considered due to the high-rise building of the hospital, the complicated electrical piping, and the fact that patients during hemodialysis are limited by the dialysis machines. A fire drill was conducted in August 2020, and the evacuation time was 28 minutes and 17 seconds. It is higher than the 21 minutes stipulated by the fire department. Therefore, a task force was formed to make improvements. After analyzation, we found several problems to be solved. First of all, patients had not participated in actual fire evacuation drill. Second, the evacuation routes were not clearly marked. Third, patients’ understanding was not adequately evaluated after our health education guidance. Fourth, the relevant health education guidance tools were insufficient. The implementation period is from September 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021, for a period of 5 months, in three stages: planning period, implementation period and evaluation period. Therefore, improvement measures was conducted, including holding actual fire drill with emergency evacuation, making luminous evacuation sign for escape routes, regulating auditing standards of cognitions and skills for evacuation, making emergency evacuation photocards, health education guidance leaflets and videos, and establishing operationg procedures of dialysis equipment separation. After the implementation of the project, the cognition improvement of patients about the emergency evacuation of fire was from 42.0% to 88.4%, and the skills of evacuation was from 38.9% to 88.0%. Furthermore, the evacuation time shortened from 28 minutes and 17 seconds to 19 minutes and 50 seconds. Eventually, it is more helpful for patients to ensure their own safety in the event of a fire.</p> <p> </p>

Social Media Insecurity and Intimate Partner Violence: Drug Use As an Escape Route

ABSTRACT The study examined social media insecurity and intimate partner violence as determinants of drug use. This prospective cohort study purposively recruited 387 married population with 54 of them re-enrolled in intervention therapy. Multilinear regressions and paired sample t-test were employed. Social media insecurity was an independent predictor of drug use; the higher the level of social media insecurity, the more participants used drugs whereas intimate partner violence did not predict drug use. The paired t-test showed a significant reduction in drug use after the eclectic therapy, which involved integrative coping skills, drug counseling/education and family therapy, aimed at reducing harms.

"I Put Her in the Baby Stroller and Left": The Escape Route From Violence to a Domestic Violence Shelter for Mothers and Children.

Little is known about mothers' and children's escape from violence and its aftermath when living in secure accommodation, especially with regard to children. The aim is to investigate mothers' experiences of their escape, and their considerations regarding the well-being of their young children before or during their escape, based on 14 interviews. Using a narrative thematic analysis, the results show that the escape was often planned, but that the planning horizon varies. In many cases, the mothers' social network served as a stepping-stone during the escape, before they continued by moving to a domestic violence shelter (DVS). Implications for policy and practice are offered.

UNDERGROUND POWER LINES: ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL, VISUAL, ECONOMIC, AND SAFETY BENEFITS

This study investigates the transition from above-ground to underground power lines in Hawaii, focusing on the severe threats posed by downed lines during storms, particularly on roadways where escape routes are critical. The research uses a comprehensive approach to explore environmental, visual, economic, and safety aspects. The study employed a methodology that involved reviewing powerline undergrounding studies in New York City and Florida, chosen for their geographical resemblance to Hawaii. Legal submissions from activist groups and current event articles discussing safety concerns in comparable geographical scenarios were also analyzed. Findings indicate substantial benefits, including minimized environmental impact on landscapes and ecosystems, heightened visual aesthetics, and economic advantages through reduced maintenance costs. Crucially, the shift to underground power lines significantly enhances safety during storms, preventing life-threatening scenarios on vulnerable roadways. This research underscores the urgency and practicality of adopting underground power lines in storm-prone regions, providing a compelling case for policymakers and stakeholders to prioritize this transition for communities’ overall well-being and resilience.

UNDERGROUND POWER LINES: ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL, VISUAL, ECONOMIC, AND SAFETY BENEFITS

This study investigates the transition from above-ground to underground power lines in Hawaii, focusing on the severe threats posed by downed lines during storms, particularly on roadways where escape routes are critical. The research uses a comprehensive approach to explore environmental, visual, economic, and safety aspects. The study employed a methodology that involved reviewing powerline undergrounding studies in New York City and Florida, chosen for their geographical resemblance to Hawaii. Legal submissions from activist groups and current event articles discussing safety concerns in comparable geographical scenarios were also analyzed. Findings indicate substantial benefits, including minimized environmental impact on landscapes and ecosystems, heightened visual aesthetics, and economic advantages through reduced maintenance costs. Crucially, the shift to underground power lines significantly enhances safety during storms, preventing life-threatening scenarios on vulnerable roadways. This research underscores the urgency and practicality of adopting underground power lines in storm-prone regions, providing a compelling case for policymakers and stakeholders to prioritize this transition for communities’ overall well-being and resilience.

Analysis of the effects of urban micro-scale vulnerabilities on tsunami evacuation using an agent-based model – case study in the city of Iquique, Chile

Abstract. The occurrence of mega-tsunamis over the last couple of decades has greatly increased the efforts of the research community and practitioners to work hand in hand to reduce risks from these highly destructive threats. Protecting the population through evacuation is the best alternative for avoiding loss of life in the wake of the occurrence of a tsunamigenic earthquake. Therefore, guaranteeing the proper state of evacuation routes is very important to ensuring appropriate movement to the safe zones. This study carries out a detailed analysis of possible evacuation scenarios, considering the actual state of the escape routes of Iquique, a Chilean city prone to tsunamis, with a substantial number of urban micro-scale vulnerabilities, i.e., elements that obstruct or complicate pedestrian flow. The quantification of the delay in evacuation processes resulting from the presence of urban micro-vulnerabilities is carried out through micro-scale agent-based model (ABM) simulations. In addition, these results are integrated with high-resolution tsunami inundation simulations, allowing for an estimation of the potential number of people that the tsunami may reach under different scenarios by emulating the dynamics and behavior of the population and the decision-making regarding the starting time of the evacuation.

Living in a world with(out) racism: everyday reflexivity among older White Dutch

ABSTRACT This article explores how older White Dutch people produce reflexivity on race and racism in the context of the public controversy around the “Zwarte Piet” (black Pete) tradition. Reflexivity refers to a conscious effort to become aware of and address one’s unconscious biases. Fourteen semi-structured in-depth interviews with older Dutch White individuals (65+) from (suburbs of) big to medium-sized cities located in the Netherlands were qualitatively analyzed with a combination of thematic and critical discourse analysis. We found that participants reflexively engaged with race and racism within three discursive contexts: (1) generational (dis)connectedness, (2) ever-evolving public discourses, and (3) identity (re)considerations. Across these contexts, the production of reflexivity entails rapid shifting from openings for critical reflection to epistemological and ontological anxieties. We show how the avoidance strategies offered by hegemonic Whiteness discourses offer comfort and perceived escape routes from such anxieties, while also creating new uncertainties for our participants.

Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions in Cancer Therapy

Abstract: Cancer was the most significant reason for mortality worldwide. It accounted for over 10 million deaths worldwide by 2020. Patients experiencing excruciating pain from this malignant disease are worn out of using the conventional allopathic method for recovery; as a result, they opt for the non-medical, otherwise stated non-pharmaceutical approaches as the escape route. This study encloses the development of these non-pharmaceutical interventions in cancer treatment, which include meditation, yoga, music therapy, acupuncture, hypnosis, massage, physical activity/exercise, and stress management to manage psych and physical symptoms. Besides, various natural products procured from the rich aqua life comprising marine fauna and flora are used. We also use multiple terrestrial plants and herbs as the source for many nutraceutical preparations. Due to the lift of these nonconventional methods, the world is using these extracts to treat cancer, whether symptomatic or the root cause of the disease itself.

Unlikely Friends in Patriarchal Lands: An Ecofeminist Reading of Rajasthani Folktale “Sonal Bai”

"Sonal Bai" is a popular folktale about a girl told by women in Rajasthani-speaking areas of north India to initiate young girls into adulthood. This paper investigates the metaphorical representation of a girl’s coming of age through her relationship with a Sandalwood tree analysing, "Sonal Bai" as an ecofeminist text. The story renders voice to socially prohibited themes of menstruation and women’s sensual desire as embodied in silent friendship between a sandalwood tree and Sonal (girl with golden hair). The paper highlights how the outwardly simple tale of “Sonal Bai” is in fact an encoded lesson for teenage girls, inverted as a relationship between two highly treasured “belongings”/ “commodities”—sandalwood and a unmarried girl—in a patriarchal society economically dependent on agriculture. The sandalwood tree is highly valuable for farmers; different parts of the tree are used to produce furniture, oil, fragrance and food items. It is also a part of religious rituals where its essence is used as tilak on idols in Hindu traditions. Rajasthani Language is spoken prominently in the desert regions of India (Thar Desert) and the existence of such a tree in a desert is as precious and rare as a girl with golden hair. The paper draws reference from recurrent invocation of olfactory senses of the listeners captured by the images of the sandalwood tree in the story. It also explores use of growth metaphors using ‘rhizome’ like imagery of sandalwood branches reaching the sky which become an escape route for a teenage girl hiding from her family. The temporal and spatial indicators are infused together in the story of Sonal Bai leading to an unlikely friendship between two prized possessions that eventually breaks with the arrival of a patriarchal archetype: a handsome young prince. This study discusses the prevalent katha culture in India where women exercise freedom of voice through singing and narrating tales within all-female groups. This site of independent feminine interaction in a highly patriarchal society is investigated using Bakhtin’s “Chronotope” to highlight culturally encoded lessons in folktales meant for young girls in Indian society as a means of informal education.

Identifying Infill Wall Failures in Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes and Strategies for Performance Improvement

Non-structural walls play a very important role in buildings, as they are used to create partitions and provide aesthetic appeal. However, their failures during earthquakes have been a recurring issue. Damage to the infill walls that occurred due to the Kahramanmaraş earthquake on February 6, 2023, was observed in residential and industrial buildings and especially in transformer structures that provide vital electricity distribution. This article presents the findings of field surveys conducted in Kahramanmaraş after recent earthquakes, focusing on non-structural wall collapses that obstructed mainly residential building entrances-exits and structures of particular importance. Within the scope of this study, deficiencies in the certification process in the field of infill walls were seen as the root of workmanship defects. Recommendations were made for the deficiencies in the certification process and for improving the process for the future. Infill walls shouldn’t exhibit out-of-plane behavior, causing loss of life and property and for escape routes to be blocked due to falling walls. With today's technology and engineering, it is possible to positively improve the energy consumption capacity and out-of-plane behavior of infill walls. In this context, a detailed literature review was conducted, and the different techniques used were explained in the article. In addition, explanations were given regarding the force of regulation in Türkiye. Within the scope of the study, the compatibility of regulations and national qualifications in the direction from the design to the production of infill walls is revealed.

New elastomeric ceramizable composites based on butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber filled with talc

One of the most serious drawbacks of polymeric materials is their flammability. This poses problems for their use as building materials. The production of elastomeric composites capable of ceramization is one way of making such materials flame-retardant and thus improving their fire safety. Here, we propose the production of ceramizable, highly filled composites based on NBR rubber containing talc and fluxing agent in the composition. The research showed low flammability (88 % reduction in FIGRA), good rheological properties, high mechanical strength of the vulcanizates (tensile strength at break exceeding 7 MPa) and the ability to produce a strong ceramic phase (up to 77 % increase in required destructive force on ceramizable samples). This confirmed the high flame resistance of the composites tested. In the future, similar composites could be considered for the design of cables that supply fire protection systems, escape route lighting or elevators.

Human Trafficking- A Contemporary Form Of Slavery

Human trafficking is a growing menace which is ploughed into every country. The infection is so deeply rooted that it is an utter violation of sovereignty of any state by failure to observe the existing system of legal framework. Trafficking not only contravenes with the elemental human rights of an individual but is also a violation of ethics and morals a nation must hold in its essence. It is such a menace where the rights keep on violating throughout the vicious cycle and the misery never comes to an end. Trafficking here is compared with a ultra-modern form of slavery in the form of bonded labour, prostitution, domestic servitude and other kinds of toiling where thse victim has to act against his own will. No section of society or industry has remained untouched by trafficking. The victims are generally the people belonging to the economically disadvantaged section of society or those who lost their source of livelihood because of the natural calamities or armed conflicts. Some are even trapped by offering them a better standard of life. Human trafficking is on a boom in the entire world. It uses a variety of structures. The victims are pushed into organizations where they are unwillingly employed without any pecuniary benefit while the others are placed into such arrangements where they cannot seek help from anybody hence slamming the escape routes. The menace of human trafficking though spreading like a wildfire in the recent times but it was long established in the ancient India. It is nothing but a modern form of human subjugation. Earlier it was limited to the national boundaries but in the recent decades it has spread throughout the international borders. It does not only exert influence on the country of origin and destination but also leave its impact on the areas of transit. This paper deals with the offence of slavery in its modern sense which is human trafficking. It incorporates within itself a number of other offences that occur during the chain of transit.

Deglacial Carbon Escape From the Northern Rim of the Southern Ocean

AbstractThe Southern Ocean regulates atmospheric CO2 and Earth's climate as a critical region for air‐sea gas exchange, delicately poised between being a CO2 source and sink. Here, we estimate how long a water mass has remained isolated from the atmosphere and utilize 14C/12C ratios (Δ14C) to trace the pathway and escape route of carbon sequestered in the deep ocean through the mixed layer to the atmosphere. The position of our core at the northern margin of the Southern Indian Ocean, tracks latitudinal shifts of the Southern Ocean frontal zones across the deglaciation. Our results suggest an expanded glacial Antarctic region trapped CO2, whereas deglacial expansion of the subantarctic permitted ventilation of the trapped CO2, contributing to a rapid atmospheric CO2 rise. We identify frontal positions as a key factor balancing CO2 outgassing versus sequestration in a region currently responsible for nearly half of global ocean CO2 uptake.

Single administration of a psychedelic [(R)-DOI] influences coping strategies to an escapable social stress

Psychedelic compounds have potentially rapid, long-lasting anxiolytic, antidepressive and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated whether the psychedelic compound (R)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [(R)-DOI], a selective 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist, decreases stress-related behavior in male mice exposed to repeated social aggression. Additionally, we explored the likelihood that these behavioral changes are related to anti-inflammatory properties of [(R)-DOI]. Animals were subjected to the Stress Alternatives Model (SAM), an escapable social stress paradigm in which animals develop reactive coping strategies - remaining in the SAM arena (Stay) with a social aggressor, or dynamically initiated stress coping strategies that involve utilizing the escape holes (Escape) to avoid aggression. Mice expressing these behavioral phenotypes display behaviors like those in other social aggression models that separate animals into stress-vulnerable (as for Stay) or stress-resilient (as for Escape) groups, which have been shown to have distinct inflammatory responses to social stress. These results show that Stay animals have heightened cytokine gene expression, and both Stay and Escape mice exhibit plasma and neural concentrations of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) compared to unstressed control mice. Additionally, these results suggest that a single administration of (R)-DOI to Stay animals in low doses, can increase stress coping strategies such as increasing attention to the escape route, promoting escape behavior, and reducing freezing during socially aggressive interaction in the SAM. Lower single doses of (R)-DOI, in addition to shifting behavior to suggest anxiolytic effects, also concomitantly reduce plasma and limbic brain levels of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα.

Evaluating 900 Potentially Harming Fires in Germany: Is the Prescriptive Building Code Effective? German Fire Departments Assessed Fire Safety Measures in Buildings Through On-Site Inspections

Fire statistics mirror the outcome of fire prevention. Most fire statistics in Germany deal with the loss of life, value, and fire department actions (number of interventions, nozzles used, or alarm category like a false alarm). However, these results also represent the safety level the legislator has set through the prescriptive building regulations. The current statistics cannot evaluate the level of fire safety and the fulfillment or necessity of fire safety precautions. Today, expert judgment from firefighters is necessary to fill this gap. Here, we show the first evaluation of fire prevention and hazard protection measures by evaluating 900 potentially harming fires throughout Germany. In contrast to minor fires, these fires have advanced to the extent that they could potentially violate the protection objectives outlined in building regulations. The fire department association developed a questionnaire to evaluate the fire safety level and possibly reduce unnecessary fire safety regulations. One hundred twenty-three fire departments carried out the questionnaire, which are responsible for 25% of the German population. Fire prevention officers of the fire departments went to the scene after the fire was extinguished, and the fire safety concept of the building could be evaluated. We found a high rate of injuries, smoke spread, need for rescue by firefighters, and higher than expected firefighter response times after arrival at the scene. Surprisingly, smoke spread rates correlated with building height and not with building age. It was even possible to assess the risk of multiple casualties. Overall, the questionnaire results give insight into the current level of fire safety in existing buildings. Ways and rates for smoke and fire spread prove the importance of second escape routes and the influence of human misconduct. According to these results, current building code regulations are sufficient to prevent fire spread. On the other hand, smoke spreading is a severe threat to people’s safety. For example, the data shown can be applied in Bayes nets or other risk calculations to optimize individual building designs or even governmental building codes concerning fire safety engineering. Based on our observations, science, and building codes, authorities could in the future establish a performance-based building code instead of the current prescriptive code. This paper presents the first approach in Germany to quantify the expert judgment of fire departments and use it as a source of knowledge for fire prevention.

Caste, gig-economy, and youth: the resurgence of a new age caste politics in urban Gujarat

ABSTRACT This article interrogates the connections between caste and gig economy, and how these connections play out in the political actions by youth in the erstwhile mill-neighbourhoods in the western Indian city of Ahmedabad, in the state of Gujarat. It asks, how do the gig-economy workers from the lower castes navigate in the highly caste segregated urban spaces of Ahmedabad? What drives them to join their own caste collectives while looking for gig work in the city? The article explains through ethnographic inquiries that while the recent emergence of the gig economy provides the young jobseekers from the lower castes an escape route from the caste-based occupations in the rural, their caste identities are strategically masked and highlighted in informing their choices, political aspirations and economic anxieties while navigating in the urban. The unpredictable and uncertain nature of the contractual work consolidates caste and kinship networks to get work and information about available work in the urban gig economy. This in turn facilitates a renewed political activism of the youth in the urban neighbourhoods that strengthens caste politics in the region.

Nonreciprocal interactions in crowd dynamics: Investigating the impact of moving threats on pedestrian speed preferences

Nonreciprocal interaction crowd systems, such as human–human, human–vehicle, and human–robot systems, often have serious impacts on pedestrian safety and social order. A more comprehensive understanding of these systems is needed to optimize system stability and efficiency. Despite the importance of these interactions, empirical research in this area remains limited. Thus, in our study we explore this underresearched area, focusing on scenarios where nonreciprocity plays a critical role, such as mass stabbings, which pose a substantial risk to public safety. We conducted the first experiments on this system and analysed high-accuracy data obtained from these experiments. Specifically, we conduct laboratory experiments on three scenarios: single exits, dual exits, and obscured chases. Then, we introduce an equation to describe the mechanism behind a direct threat zone, which significantly affects pedestrian behaviour. The extent of the direct threat zone is determined by the speed of the moving threat and the radius of danger occurrence. The equation can provide insights for different nonreciprocal interaction crowd systems, where the subjects of the nonreciprocal interactions can be a pedestrian, an autonomous robot or a vehicle. We further categorize potential threats into direct, adjacent, and rear-view zones, quantifying the level of threat for pedestrians. Our study revealed that a pedestrian’s desired velocity correlated positively with potential threat intensity, increasing until near the direct threat zone. An emerging steady state is observed when escape routes are blocked by moving threats. This deviation affects the density–velocity relationship, making it distinct from the general relationship. This deviation signifies unique pedestrian behaviour in the presence of moving threats. Additionally, the rate of change in the angle for pedestrian motion in various desired directions is synchronized. This indicates the emergence of collective intelligence in nonreciprocal interaction crowd systems. As a result, our study may constitute a pioneering step towards understanding nonreciprocal interactions in crowd systems through laboratory experiments. These findings may enhance pedestrian safety and inform not only government crowd management strategies but also individual self-protection measures.

The use of vision modelling to design bycatch reduction devices using light

AbstractArtificial light can be used to deter unwanted non‐target catch (bycatch) from fishing gear, which is thought to be achieved by repelling bycatch, or highlighting escape routes on nets. To select for responses in bycatch species, light should (1) cause the bycatch species to avoid capture, and (2) not invoke the same reaction in target species. One way to maximise the chance of a bycatch species responding to light is to ensure the light colour used is more visible to bycatch species. Some studies have considered the visual sensitivity of certain species to address this. In particular, the wavebands of light that a species is sensitive to. However, using this measurement alone is incomplete as it does not consider other factors that affect visibility, such as the ambient light spectrum, and wavelength‐dependant light attenuation in different water types and depths. To account for these variables, and to more accurately predict how both target and bycatch species view light colours in a fishing context, we used a model of the vision of commercially relevant species in fisheries across the world. From this, we show whether a light colour is more visible to a bycatch species compared to a target species in a particular depth and water type, and how modelling can be used to make informed assessments of the selection of relevant light colours in fishing. We also discuss the limitations of using vision models alone and the need for corresponding behaviour and/or fishing trials with lights.