Eryngium Research Articles

Comprehensive characterization by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS from an Eryngium bourgatii extract and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities

The genus Eryngium (family Apiaceae) consists of about 300 species. This genus is known to contain polyacetylenes, flavonoids and saponins, coumarins, and monoterpene glycosides. In folk medicine, various species are used for a wide range of foods; particularly roots are used against various inflammatory disorders, oedema, sinusitis, urinary infections, etc. The aim of the present study was to characterize phenolic compounds in the leaves and flowers of Eryngium bourgatii using UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. A total of 44 compounds were identified belonging to various structural classes such as flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin and derivatives), flavanones (naringenin rhamnoglucoside), cinnamic acids (chlorogenic, rosmarinic, ferulic and caffeic acids and derivatives), benzoic acids (p-hydroxybenzoic acid glucoside, arbutin, syringic acid, glucogallin, and gentisic acid and derivatives) and other organic acids (gluconic, citric, and quinic acids and derivatives). The method described simultaneously a wide range of phenolic compounds and a tentative characterization was made of the major compounds of this extract. In addition, E. bourgatii extract shows antioxidant activity (by TEAC, FRAP and ORAC methods) and anti-inflammatory properties, decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the production of MCP-1 and their transcripts, respectively, in TNF-α-induced HUVEC.

Effect of administration of Eryngium carlinae on lipid profile in diabetes

People with diabetes are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease 2–4 times more than in the general population. Dyslipidemia is major cardiovascular risk factors in diabetes. Treatment of hype...

Eryngium (Apiaceae) phytotelmata and their macro-invertebrate communities, including a review and bibliography

Fil: Campos, Raul Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnologia "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnologia; Argentina

POTENTIAL USE OF VASCULAR ENDEMIC PLANTS AS A SOURCE OF NEW MEDICINES

The biodiversity of W Balkan includes 7,000 vascular plants. In ethnobotany of this region people use approximately 960 plant species in traditional human and veterinarian phytotherapy and nutrition [1,2]. Except of more common plants therea are a lot of endemic and relic vascular plant species as a potentials for the production of new medicines through edvanced biotehnology and genetical engeneering [3]. Wester Balkan area are so rich in endemic species. In our investigation more than 579 plant species have been found on the Dinaric Mts. only [4]. Main aims of this presentation is to found of richnees of of medicinal wild flora and to deteriminate their phylogenetic-biochemical relationship with common medicinal plants as well as d, to evaluate biodiversity of the potential medicinal flora and its possibility in terms of new chemical compound's discoveries and modes of use in contemporary phytotherapy and biotechnology. In order to achieve all planned aims, it has been applied adequate methodology: intensive field research on different vertical profiles, including ethnobotanical interviews, followed at the end by comparative taxonomic-biochemical method. Among plants that could be potentially significant in terms of the pharmacology and pharmacy it was detected 450 endemic species of Dinaric Mts. and other parts of W Balkan. The most significant new resources are contained within endemic genera: Pinus (Pinaceae), Drypis, Dianthus, Minuartia, Saponaria, Silene (Caryophyllaceae), Ranunculus, Anemone, Pulsatilla, Aquilegia, Helleborus (Ranunculaceae), Berteroa, Aubretia, Malkolmia, Alyssum, Cardamine (Brassicaceae), Potentilla, Sibireja, Geum, Dryas (Rosaceae), Astragalus, Genista, Oxytropis, Anthyllis (Fabaceae) Athamanta, Eryngium, Pancicia, Peucedanum, Seseli, Bunium (Apiaceae), Acinos, Micromeria, Salvia, Satureja, Stachys, Teucrium, Thymus, Scutellaria (Labiatae), Euphrasia, Pedicularis, Scrophularia (Scrophulariaceae), Veronica, Plantago (Plantaginaceae), Achillea, Amphoricarpos, Centaurea, Crepis, Leucathemum, Senecio, Doronicum (Asteraceae), Lilium, Chouardia, Allium (Liliaceae) and others. Those plants are potentiall sources of new metabolites, such as alcaloids, heterozides, saponins, essential oils, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins as well as other secondary and primary metabolites.

Antibacterial evaluation of selected Moroccan medicinal plants against Streptococcus pneumoniae

In Morocco, most people particularly in rural areas use medicinal plants to treat diseases. In order to find new anti-pneumococcal extracts, an ethnobotanical survey has been conducted in different regions of Marrakech (south of Morocco). Four plants often cited by traditional practitioners (Marrubium vulgare, Thymus pallidus, Eryngium ilicifolium and Lavandula stoechas) are tested againstStreptococcus pneumoniae responsible for pharyngitis, rhinitis, otitis and sinusitis infections. Aqueous and methanol extracts have been prepared and tested on S. pneumoniae collected in four regions of Marrakesh. A significant activity has been observed with methanol extracts of three of the plants; M. vulgare, T. pallidus andL. stoechas (MIC= 256 µg/ml). Key words: Streptococcus pneumoniae, antibacterial activity, medicinal plants, phytochemical screening

The influence of management history on spatial prediction of Eryngium spinalba, an endangered endemic species

Question: Spatial prediction of plant populations is essential for conservation management. This is especially true for rare and/or threatened endemic species, for which knowledge of determinants of distribution is necessary to mitigate threats and counteract decline. We therefore ask if the distribution of an endemic species can be accurately predicted by georeferenced environmental variables or, if anthropogenic variables also need to be taken into account. Location: Alps, Hautes-Alpes, France. Methods: Potential distribution area and abundance of Eryngi um spinalba were predicted with logistic regression and ordinal logistic regression, respectively, in a 57-km2 watershed. Results: Aspect, global solar radiation in March, elevation and grazing pressure were the main predictors of the probability of occurrence of Eryngium spinalba. Taking into account the persistence of agro-pastoral activities by diachronic analysis (Napoleonic cadastral map and orthorectified photographs) improved predictions from the model and the level of spatial concordance with independent surveys. Conclusions: Niche modelling improved our understanding of the distribution of this threatened species which, in the context of land abandonment, is diminishing as a result of the decline of its favoured habitats. The key role of pastoral activities and historic continuity for its distribution and persistence was clearly demonstrated.

GC-MS Analysis of Eryngium maritumum L. Volatile Oil

The genus Eryngium (Umbelliferae family; Saniculoideas subfamily) is known to contain acetylenes, flavonoids, coumarins and terpenic compounds [1]. Eryngium species are represented by 317 species, subspecies and varieties [2]. Eryngium species, generally E. campestre L. and E. maritimum L. are known in Turkish folk-medicine as “Bogadikeni“ and widely distributed in all parts of Turkey. Infusions of aerial and underground parts of this species are used in folk remedies as antitussive, diuretic, appetizer, stimulant and aphrodisiac [3]. The genus Eryngium is represented by 23 species (24 taxa) in the Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands which ten of them are endemic [4–6].

Espécies de Syrphidae (Diptera) visitantes das flores de Eryngium horridum (Apiaceae) no Vale do Rio Pardo, RS, Brasil

No período entre dezembro de 2001 a dezembro de 2003, realizaram-se coletas com rede entomológica de insetos visitantes das flores de Eryngium horridum (Apiaceae) na Região do Vale do Rio Pardo, RS, Brasil. Esta planta é perene, freqüente em campos secos e apresenta expressiva dispersão. Possui, no Rio Grande do Sul, época de floração entre novembro e janeiro. Foram capturados 1.066 insetos visitantes, destes, 569 Syrphidae. Identificaram-se 60 espécies de Syrphidae, distribuídas em 16 gêneros. O gênero Palpada Macquart, 1834 foi dominante, e Ornidia Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 e Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 abundantes. Das espécies mais freqüentes, Palpada furcata (Wiedemann, 1819) ocupou posição mais elevada. Os sirfídeos apresentaram preferência pelas temperaturas entre 28 e 32ºC, e foram mais freqüentemente coletados entre as 10 e 14 horas, com picos entre as 10 e 11 horas. As fêmeas foram as mais freqüentes. O predomínio de sirfídeos robustos e mais ágeis sobre sirfídeos de menor porte como Toxomerus e Allograpta Osten Sacken, 1875, pode ter sido resultante de competição interespecífica. Eristalinus taeniops (Wiedemann, 1818) é pela primeira vez citada para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A alta diversidade e abundância dos espécimes coletados nas flores de E. horridum são indicadores da importância desta na dieta dos sirfídeos, visto que possui grande número de inflorescências e floração ocorrendo nos meses de baixa oferta de recursos alimentares na área de estudo.

Eryngium trisectum (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae), a new species from Turkey

Abstract Worz, A. & Duman, H.: Eryngium trisectum (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae), a new species from Turkey. — Willdenowia 34: 421–425. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2004 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. During the fieldwork for a monograph of the genus Eryngium, a new species was found. It is described as E. trisectum and illustrated. Only one locality, a serpentine habitat in the Central Taurus region of Turkey, is known thus far. The new species belongs to E. sect. Palmito and is closest related to the calcicolous E. palmito. For this section, a key to its now five species and a table of the most important features are presented.

Eryngium trisectum (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae), a new species from Turkey.

Wörz, A. & Duman, H.: Eryngium trisectum (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae), a new species from Turkey. — Willdenowia 34: 421–425. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2004 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.During the fieldwork for a monograph of the genus Eryngium, a new species was found. It is described as E. trisectum and illustrated. Only one locality, a serpentine habitat in the Central Taurus region of Turkey, is known thus far. The new species belongs to E. sect. Palmito and is closest related to the calcicolous E. palmito. For this section, a key to its now five species and a table of the most important features are presented.

Chromosome studies on eight species ofEryngiumL. (Saniculoideae, Apiaceae) from Argentina

A cytological analysis of eight Argentinean species of Eryngium L. (San- iculoideae, Apiaceae) is carried out. Karyotypes of eight species and original chro- mosome counts for three of them (indicated with an asterisk) are notified: E. coro- natum* Hook. et Arn. (2n=2x=16; 14m + 2sm), E. echinatum Urb. (2n=2x=16; 12m + 2m-sm + 2sm), E. nudicaule Lam. (2n=2x=14; 8m + 2m-sm + 4sm), E. eburneum Decne. (2n=2x=16; 8m + 2m-sm + 6sm), E. horridum Malme (2n=2x=16; 12m + 4sm), E. megapotamicum* Malme (2n=4x=32; 4m + 6m-sm + 22sm), E. mesopotam- icum* Pedersen (2n=6x=48; 30m + 16sm +2st), and E. pandanifolium Cham. et Schlechtd. (2n=6x=48; 26m + 4m-sm +14sm + 4st). The first three species belong to the Section Foetida, while the remaining five, belong to Panniculata. Both Sec- tions are easily differentiated by morphology; our chromosomal study shows that these sections can also be recognized karyologically. All the species, except E. nudi- caule (x=7), present x=8 which is the most common basic chromosome number in the genus and in the subfamily Saniculoideae. The karyotype analysis made on the eight species mainly shows metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes differing in proportion between species; only E. pandanifolium and E. mesopotamicum show subtelocentric pairs. These two species only differ in the color of their inflorescences; besides, differences in their karyotypes were negligible. These facts agree with the suggestion that they would be varieties of the same species. Two different phe- nomena seem to have occurred during karyotype evolution in the genus Eryngium: aneuploidy within Section Foetida, and polyploidy within Section Panniculata.

ANÁLISIS POLÍNICO DE MIELES DEL NOROESTE DE LA PROVINCIA DE CORRIENTES (ARGENTINA)

Twenty-four honey samples have been studied by ligth and scanning electron microscopy from twenty-two localities of the northwest of Corrientes; 39 morphological types were identified. The results show that 9 samples had a mixed floral origin and 15 were monofloral, mainly from Astronium balansae Engl. or Eucalyptus sp. Others frequent taxa are Sapium haematospermum Muell. Arg., Eryngium sp. and Acicarpha tribuloides Juss.; all of them allow lo characterize this region. The nectar from these flowers is the main source in the arca.

Acetylenes from roots of Eryngium bourgatii

The roots of Eryngium bourgatii afforded, in addition to falcarinone, falcarinolone, falcarinol and scopoletin, the Z and E isomers of 6-pentyl-2-[2-oxo-butin-(3)-yliden]-tetrahydropyran. The new Z isomer of 6-pentyl-2-[2-oxo-butin-(3)-yliden]-tetrahydropyran is unstable as it easily converts into the E isomer.

Three species of Heilipodus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) with different karyotypes and sex chromosome systems

This work includes the cytological studies of three species of Heilipodus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae, Hylobiini) that live on plants of the genus Eryngium (Umbelliferae). The three have the same chromosome number (2n=30), but differ in the morphology of their autosomes and in their sex chromosomes.