Eruption Of Deciduous Teeth Research Articles

Global prevalence of teething problems in infants and children-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eruption of primary teeth is associated with local and systemic manifestations. Understanding the global prevalence is necessary to formulate the standard guidelines for management. To evaluate the global prevalence of problems associated with teething in infants and children aged 0-36 months. PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched on May 31, 2023, and it was updated on January 31, 2024. Gray literature and reference search were performed. Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies done in hospital or community settings, reporting the prevalence of signs and symptoms during the eruption of primary teeth in infants aged 0-36 months, were included. Two reviewers extracted data using a pre-piloted sheet. Data were analyzed and pooled by using random-effects meta-analyses. Twenty-five studies were included. The global prevalence of teething problems was 80.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 67.8-89.9). The most common local symptom was increased biting (65.9%, 95% CI 37.5-89.3), and irritability (60.7%, 95% CI 50.6-70.3) was the most common general symptom. The pooled prevalence of teething problems was estimated to be 80%. There was a variability in the prevalence of teething problems based on geographic location.

The Association Between Maternal Nutritional Status During Pregnancy and Delayed Primary Tooth Eruption in Stunted Toddlers

Nutritional status during pregnancy is important for fetal development. Poor maternal nutritional status can cause delayed eruption of primary teeth in toddlers. This study was conducted because it was found that 6 out of 10 stunted toddlers who underwent dental examinations had delayed tooth eruption. This study aimed to investigate any potential associations between the pregnant women’s nutritional status and the toddler’s teeth who experience delayed eruption. This research is retrospective analytic. The total sample was 78 respondents, taken by purposive sampling method. The first visit of the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) book utilizing the Body Mass Index (BMI) to evaluate nutritional status of expectant mothers. Tooth eruption in toddlers was measured through dental examination. The analysis used was the Spearman correlation test. The findings indicated that most of mothers of toddlers during pregnancy had a nutritional status between 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 or fell into the typical group (52.6%), but from the results of dental eruption examination it was found that most of the stunted toddlers experienced delayed tooth eruption (66.7%). The conclusion of the study is that the pregnant women’s nutritional status is connected to the primary teeth’s eruption in stunted toddlers with ρ = 0.035 (p<0.05). This study has implications for the importance of paying attention to pregnant women’s dietary consumption in an attempt to avoid delayed tooth eruption in stunted toddlers.

Abnormal dental follicle cells: A crucial determinant in tooth eruption disorders (Review).

The dental follicle (DF) plays an indispensable role in tooth eruption by regulating bone remodeling through their influence on osteoblast and osteoclast activity. The process of tooth eruption involves a series of intricate regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways. Disruption of the parathyroid hormone‑related protein (PTHrP) in the PTHrP‑PTHrP receptor signaling pathway inhibits osteoclast differentiation by DF cells (DFCs), thus resulting in obstructed tooth eruption. Furthermore, parathyroid hormone receptor‑1 mutations are linked to primary tooth eruption failure. Additionally, the Wnt/β‑catenin, TGF‑β, bone morphogenetic protein and Hedgehog signaling pathways have crucial roles in DFC involvement in tooth eruption. DFC signal loss or alteration inhibits osteoclast differentiation, affects osteoblast and cementoblast differentiation, and suppresses DFC proliferation, thus resulting in failed tooth eruptions. Abnormal tooth eruption is also associated with a range of systemic syndromes and genetic diseases, predominantly resulting from pathogenic gene mutations. Among these conditions, the following disorders arise due to genetic mutations that disrupt DFCs and impede proper tooth eruption: Cleidocranial dysplasia associated with Runt‑related gene 2 gene mutations; osteosclerosis caused by CLCN7 gene mutations; mucopolysaccharidosis type VI resulting from arylsulfatase B gene mutations; enamel renal syndrome due to FAM20A gene mutations; and dentin dysplasia caused by mutations in the VPS4B gene. In addition, regional odontodysplasia and multiple calcific hyperplastic DFs are involved in tooth eruption failure; however, they are not related to gene mutations. The specific mechanism for this effect requires further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, previous reviews have not comprehensively summarized the syndromes associated with DF abnormalities manifesting as abnormal tooth eruption. Therefore, the present review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on DFC signaling pathways implicated in abnormal tooth eruption, and their association with disorders of tooth eruption in genetic diseases and syndromes, thereby providing a valuable reference for future related research.

Weight, Height, and Eruption of Deciduous Teeth

The eruption of deciduous teeth, typically beginning around the first year of life, is a critical milestone in early childhood development. Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is pivotal for the proper development of deciduous teeth. This review aims to examine existing literature on the relationship between weight, height, and the eruption of deciduous teeth. The search strategy was conducted across databases, such as PubMed and Scopus. A total of 142 articles were initially identified from the databases and after screened for duplicates, eligibility and relevance, six articles were included in this review. The timing of the first deciduous tooth eruption ranges from 7.9-10.1 months for underweight children, 7.8-8.7 months for normal weight children, and 6.3-8.2 months for overweight children. Children with short stature experienced their first deciduous tooth eruption between 8.8-9 months, which is considered late compared to children with normal stature (7.4-8.9 months) and tall stature (6.7-8.1 months). Despite variations in methodologies, classifications, and timings of weight and height measurement, the studies reviewed consistently demonstrate that children with underweight or short stature experience delayed deciduous tooth eruption compared to their normal-weight and normal-height peers. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms linking birth weight, height, and tooth eruption, as well as to develop effective interventions that can mitigate the adverse effects of poor nutrition on dental and overall health.

Secular changes in eruption of primary teeth in Chinese infants and young children from three national cross-sectional surveys

The eruption of primary teeth is a basic event during physical development of children, which is affected by heredity and environment. This study aimed to analyze the changes in primary teeth eruption among Chinese children with social development. A total of 249,264 healthy children under 2 years were extracted from the 1995, 2005, and 2015 National Survey on the Physical Growth and Development of Children in Nine Cities of China. Their primary teeth were examined and percentiles of primary teeth eruption age were calculated by probit analysis. The median primary teeth eruption age were 6.8 months, 6.7 months, 6.6 months in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Primary teeth eruption age of boys was 0.2 months, 0.3 months, 0.3 months earlier than that of girls in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Primary teeth eruption age was the earliest in children from northern region and was the latest in children from southern region, and this regional difference did not change over time. These findings suggest that primary teeth eruption age slightly advanced with social development, and their gender difference and regional difference have always existed, which supplied some data for understanding the secular trend of primary teeth development in stomatology, pediatrics, anthropology, and other related fields.

The Physiological Role of Parathyroid Hormone and Serum Calcium in Odontogenesis Stunting Children; Cross-sectional Analysis of Children Attending Dental OPD and Paediatric Ward at LUMHS

Objectives: To determine serum PTH and serum calcium levels among children with delayed eruption of permanent teeth, attending the dental OPD at LUMHS.
 Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the assistance of the Physiology Department, LUMHS, in collaboration with the Clinical Ward, Pediatric and Dental Wards, and D-R Lab, LUMHS, from March to August 2022. Children up to 18 years old, corresponding to the period of active odontogenesis and growth, diagnosed with odontogenesis stunting characterized by delayed or disrupted tooth development, as confirmed by clinical examination and radiographic imaging, visiting the dental outpatient department (OPD) were included. Blood samples for PTH and serum calcium levels were obtained with the informed consent of parents. Parathyroid Hormone was considered normal from 10 to 55 picograms/ml.
 Results: A total of 250 children were studied, with an overall mean age of 12.24 ± 12.0 years. Males comprised 60.4%, and females were 39.6%. Most cases (28.4%) had dentine score 0, 24.8% had dentine score I, 24.8% had dentine score II, 18.8% had dentine score IV, while only 3.2% had dentine score II. Mean parathyroid hormone levels were significantly associated with higher dentine scores (p < 0.05). Although mean parathyroid hormone levels were statistically insignificant according to children's age (p < 0.05).
 Conclusion: A decrease in levels of parathyroid hormones and calcium has been observed to contribute to the delay in the eruption of primary teeth. Additionally, factors such as stunted growth and deficiencies in parathyroid hormones and calcium levels further exacerbate this delay, highlighting the importance of adequate nutrition in dental development.

Prediction of deciduous teeth eruption in Brazilian children: A cross-sectional study nested in a prospective birth cohort (BRISA)

BackgroundDental eruption is part of a set of children´s somatic growth phenomena. The worldwide accepted human dental eruption chronology is still based on a small sample of European children. However, evidence points to some population variations with the eruption at least two months later in low-income countries, and local standards may be useful. So, this study aimed to predict deciduous teeth eruption from 12 months of age in a Brazilian infant population.MethodsWe developed a cross-sectional study nested in four prospective cohorts – the Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís Cohort Study (BRISA) – in a sample of 3,733 children aged 12 to 36 months old, corrected by gestational age. We made a reference curve with the number of teeth erupted by age using the Generalized Additive Models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) technique. The explanatory variable was the corrected children´s age. The dependent variable was the number of erupted teeth, by gender, evaluated according to some different outcome distributional forms. The generalized Akaike information criterion (GAIC) and the model residuals were used as the model selection criterion.ResultsThe Box-Cox Power Exponential method was the GAMLSS model with better-fit indexes. Our estimation curve was able to predict the number of erupted deciduous teeth by age, similar to the real values, in addition to describing the evolution of children’s development, with comparative patterns. There was no difference in the mean number of erupted teeth between the sexes. According to the reference curve, at 12 months old, 25% of children had four erupted teeth or less, while 75% had seven or fewer and 95% had 11 or fewer. At 24 months old, 5% had less than 12, and 75% had 18 or more. At 36 months old, around 50% of the population had deciduous dentition completed (20 teeth).ConclusionThe adjusted age was an important predictor of the number of erupted deciduous teeth. This outcome can be a variable incorporated into children’s growth and development curves, such as weight and height curves for age to help dentists and physicians in the monitoring the children’s health.

Occlusion development after premature loss of deciduous anterior teeth: preliminary results of a 24-month prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to evaluate occlusion development after premature loss or extraction of deciduous anterior teeth, by means of a prospective cohort study. Fifteen infants and children aged 1 to 5 years old were longitudinally assessed (with loss or extraction of deciduous anterior teeth [n = 9], and without tooth losses [n = 6]). Photographs and dental casts at the baseline and after 24 months of follow-up were performed. Dental casts were scanned, and linear measurements were made on the digitalized models (missing tooth space, arch perimeter, arch length, arch width, intercanine length and intercanine width). The t-test was used for groups comparisons (α = 0.05). Individuals' mean age at baseline was 2.93 (± 1.18) years. No statistically significant differences were observed in the missing tooth space in the group with tooth loss during the 24 months of follow-up (p > 0.05). Arch perimeter, arch length, arch width, intercanine length and intercanine width did not show differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Qualitative photographic evaluation revealed other changes in the dental arches and occlusion, such as exfoliation and eruption of deciduous teeth, eruption of permanent teeth, self-correction or establishment of malocclusion, among others. The results suggest that the premature loss of deciduous anterior teeth does not affect the perimeter, length and width of the dental arches; however, other alterations that lead to malocclusion could be established.

Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Three-year-old Child with Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report

Ectodermal Dysplasia (ED) is a rare congenital syndrome that exhibits defects in two or more ectodermal tissues. Dental manifestations include delayed eruption of permanent dentition, complete absence of teeth or absence of a few teeth, and peg-shaped teeth. This condition is typically diagnosed by a dentist when parents bring their child with complaints of absent/delayed eruption of primary teeth. Hypohidrotic ED with true anodontia is an extremely rare condition, particularly in females. Over the past 50 years, only 11 cases have been reported involving anodontia of primary and permanent dentition in ED. The current report describes a case of a three-year-old female child diagnosed with hypohidrotic ED with anodontia, successfully treated by fabricating complete dentures with proper retention to restore function and aesthetics.

Bibliometric Study of Publications on Eruption of Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

Bibliometric Study of Publications on Eruption of Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

Dentist Mothers' Attitudes, Challenges and Facilitators in the Oral Health Promotion of Their Young Children.

Twice daily parental supervised brushing (PSB) is recommended for the effective oral hygiene of children with toothpaste including fluoride. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify dentist mothers' attitudes, challenges, and facilitators in the oral health promotion of their young children. An online questionnaire was prepared and distributed to dentists via e-mail with a link to the form. Of all the mothers, 46.50% started brushing their children's teeth after the eruption of the first primary teeth. Nearly 50% of the mothers thought that they should brush their children's teeth until at least the age of 7-8 years old. In terms of the main barriers to toothbrushing, 52.9% said children could fall asleep at home or in the car, while 27.5% of all mothers reported being tired as the main barrier to toothbrushing. Although dentist mothers have sufficient knowledge to promote oral and dental health, they do not always have ideal attitudes and behaviors and they may encounter various barriers regarding themselves and their children in practical applications. Providing oral care for young children goes beyond 'knowledge' and is sometimes 'challenging'; however, it could be 'possible' by developing and implementing the most appropriate solution strategies suitable for each unique family and child.

The opportunities for normalizing oral microbiota in infants with challenging deciduous teeth eruption

Relevance. The eruption of deciduous teeth is a distinct physiological process marked by local and systemic manifestations, along with alterations in oral microbiota in children.Research objective. A comparative clinical study evaluating the efficacy of different medications in managing localized symptoms during challenging deciduous teeth eruption, alongside an assessment of a homeopathic medicine's influence on oral microbiota in children (in vitro).Material and methods. The study encompassed 120 infants ranging from 5 months to 2 years old, randomized into three groups (40 individuals per group), all experiencing challenging deciduous teeth eruption. The research groups were assigned the following interventions: a homeopathic medicine, a dental gel containing an antiseptic and analgesic properties, and a dental gel infused with plant extracts. Clinical assessments of the children were performed using the E.M. Kuzmina index (2000), while concurrent evaluations of the oral microbiota were also conducted.Results. After the course of the medicinal homeopathic preparation, the condition of the gums, as per the E.M. Kuzmina index, indicated good oral hygiene, in contrast to medicinal preparations containing synthetic and plant-based antiseptics and anesthetics, which resulted in a satisfactory level of oral hygiene. Microbiological research indicated that the utilization of the investigated samples of the homeopathic medicine facilitated the creation of conditions fostering indirect competition of the stabilizing oral micro versus the pathogenic group of microorganisms.Conclusion. The clinical effectiveness of the homeopathic medicine for challenging deciduous teeth eruption was notably higher. A more substantial positive trend was observed in relation to the oral microbiota in children following the twice-daily application of the homeopathic medicine solution.

Influence of Birth Characteristics and Feeding Practices on Eruption of Primary Teeth in Children: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Observational Study.

The eruption process is under strong genetic control, external environmental factors also significantly contribute to this process. Therefore the present study was undertaken to identify the influence of birth characteristics and feeding practices on the eruption of the first primary tooth among healthy children in Pune, Maharashtra, India. The study was undertaken among 200 children aged 3-24 months. Children with any underlying conditions, those not accompanied by their mother and with neonatal teeth/natal teeth were excluded. The birth weight, gestational age, and type of delivery were obtained from medical records of the child. Data on feeding practices and the age of eruption of the first primary tooth was recorded after a structured interview of the mother followed by oral examination of the child. Gestational age was categorized into >37 weeks and <37 weeks, birth weight was divided into three groups-<1500, 1500-2500, and >2500 gm and four groups according to feeding practice during the first 6 months of life (exclusively breastfed, exclusively bottle fed, combination of breastfeeding and bottle feeding, and spoon-feeding). The mean age of eruption in the study population was 9.17 months. A9.05 months in males and 9.44 in females. A statistically significant correlation was noted with gestational age, birth weight, and feeding practices. Infants with a gestational age of >37 weeks, higher birth weight and those who were exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months had an earlier eruption of first primary teeth. External factors seem to influence the eruption of the primary tooth. More longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and matching confounders are needed to clearly understand the factors affecting the primary tooth eruption. Shetty SS, Mathur A, Gopalakrishnan D, et al. Influence of Birth Characteristics and Feeding Practices on Eruption of Primary Teeth in Children: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Observational Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):724-727.

Timing of Primary Tooth Eruption in Infants Observed by Their Parents.

The timing of primary teeth eruption is a visible indicator of infant physical growth other than body weight or height. It also reflects neurological integrity and development as well as nutrition, socioeconomic state, or underlying diseases. Therefore, the timing of primary teeth eruption is one of the major concerns for parents in health checkups for infants and children. However, the detailed developmental timing of teeth eruption differs depending on the survey methodology, country, or generation. We hypothesized that the timing of primary teeth eruption differs between the medical checkup by dentists and the daily records by parents. We conducted a questionnaire survey on the date of eruption of primary teeth as an adjunct study among Miyagi Regional Center participants in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), a large-scale birth cohort study. A total of 1695 responses (3793 participants) were analyzed. The median ages of eruption were 7.1 months (male) and 7.6 months (female) for mandibular primary central incisors, 8.7 months (male) and 9.2 months (female) for maxillary primary central incisors, 10.0 months (male) and 10.3 months (female) for maxillary primary lateral incisors, and 10.4 months (male) and 10.8 months (female) for mandibular primary lateral incisors, which were earlier than the reported timings based on dental check-ups. Comparing the eruption time of preterm and term infants, the eruption time was earlier in preterm infants in the corrected ages. The eruption timing observed and described by the parents is earlier than that examined by dentists at regular check-ups. In addition to examining the primary teeth eruption of full-term birth children, we also examined that of preterm birth children because of the increasing number of premature births. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from a large cohort study to clarify the eruption time of primary teeth monitored by parents.

Effect of breastfeeding on the HMGA2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in relation to first primary tooth emergence among Iraqi infants

Abstract Backgrounds: Breastfeeding provides a large group of functional components that improve the infant’s health and development. additionally, the impact of human milk and genetic variants on complicated outcomes has also been the subject of several gene–nutrition interaction studies. This could also play a key part in the kinship that exists between offspring and their parents. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare breastfeeding to infants who were fed formula in order to determine if human milk affected the timing of teething in relation to genetic polymorphisms. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional comparative study concerning genetic analysis with a prospective view concerning the timing of eruption. The chosen sample included 40 breastfed infants and 40 infants who consumed formula milk. It was compiled from Baghdad’s health centers. For the genetic analysis, DNA samples were obtained from saliva throughout the buccal swab. Standard DNA extraction and real-time PCR techniques have been used according to the manufacturer’s instructions for the Quick-DNA™ MiniPrep kit (catalog nos. D3024 and D3025). For the whole sample, clinical examination and monitoring for emerging teeth were performed using a particular criterion. Results: findings showed that there were highly significant differences between breastfeeding and early eruption time for the first primary tooth. Also, there was a significant association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the heterozygous AG genotype and eruption time. Conclusion: The results of the current study may support the genetic influence of breast milk on early primary teeth eruption when juxtaposed with infants fed formula.

Effect of feeding pattern on the stage of primary dentition eruption in relation to growth parameters

Background: Feeding is a complicated process that involves the coordination of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), and oropharyngeal mechanisms, with support from the musculoskeletal and craniofacial systems. The practice of feeding could be correlated with eruption stage and nutritional status in infants. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the relation of feeding patterns to a selected oral variable (stage of the eruption of primary teeth) and growth parameters among clinically healthy infants. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study on a sample of (300) infants aged between 6 and 18 months was performed in Karbala City, Iraq. The feeding pattern was investigated using an information sheet answered by parents. The stage of dental emergence was evaluated through intraoral examination. Growth parameters (height, weight, head circumference) were analyzed. Results: Bottle-fed infants had higher total tooth eruption incidence and nutritional status than the other feeding groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Bottle-fed infants had the highest mean of erupted primary teeth and nutritional status.

Caregiver-reported dental manifestations in individuals with genetic neurodevelopmental disorders.

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often have poor oral health and dental abnormalities. An increasing number of genes have been associated with neurodevelopmental conditions affecting the oral cavity, but the specific dental features associated with many genes remain unknown. To report the types and frequencies of dental manifestations in children with neurodevelopmental conditions of known genetic cause. A 30-question survey assesing ectodermal and dental features was administered through Simons Searchlight, with which formed a recontactable cohort of individuals with genetic NDDs often associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data were collected from a largely paediatric population with 620 affected individuals across 39 genetic conditions and 145 unaffected siblings without NDDs for comparison. Drooling, difficulty accessing dental care, late primary teeth eruption, abnormal primary and permanent teeth formation, misshapen nails, and hair loss were more frequent in individuals with NDDs. Additionally, we evidenced an association between three new pathogenic gene variant/oral manifestation pairs: CSNK2A1/unusual primary teeth, DYRK1A/late primary teeth eruption, and PPP2R5D/sialorrhea. Our results demonstrate that genetic NDDs caused by mutations in CSNK2A1, DYRK1A, and PP2R5D are associated with unique dental manifestations, and knowledge of these features can be helpful to personalize dental care.

Assessing the Knowledge Levels of Pediatricians and Family Physicians Regarding the Eruption Period of Primary Teeth and Oral Health of Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose: The research aimed to assess the knowledge level of pediatricians and family physicians regarding the eruption period of primary teeth and pediatric oral-dental health. Methods: Pediatricians, research assistants in pediatrics, and family physicians working in Ankara were reached via e-mail and mobile applications. The demographic characteristics of the participants and their level of knowledge on child oral-dental health and primary teeth eruption period were assessed. The questions were formed following the current guidelines (AAPD). The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 24, and p&amp;lt;0.05 was accepted for statistical significance. Results: 251 physicians, 67.3% (n=169) of whom were female, participated in the study. The ratio of assistant physicians among the participants is approximately 41%. Nearly 40% of the participants were in the first three years of their profession. A statistically significant relationship was detected between the answers to the questions on the eruption cyst, amber necklace use and the necessity of primary teeth treatments, and the titles of the professionals (p&amp;lt;0.05). The rates of correct answers were found to be less in ratio regarding early childhood caries, the differences of oral mucosa in eruption and newborn period, and the relation between fever and teething period. Conclusion: In conclusion, the knowledge level of pediatric and family physicians about the eruption period of primary teeth and oral-dental health was found to be insufficient. Protecting children's oral and dental health is necessary, especially by informing family physicians and pediatricians.

846 Bone Grafting as an Alternative Approach to Treating Severe Hypodontia in a Child

Abstract Background Severe hypodontia (developmental absence of teeth) can have significant functional and cosmetic impact, causing dietary restrictions, speech delay and bullying. Management in childhood is usually with removable dental prostheses, but retention and stability are often compromised by hypoplastic dento-alveolar bone ridges in the edentulous areas. Presenting problems A 3-year-old child was referred to Paediatric Dentistry with no erupted primary teeth. Radiographs revealed developmental absence of the entire primary dentition. Genetic investigation was negative for changes in genes known to be associated with hypodontia. In the permanent dentition only first molars were radiographically present. The child was struggling with bullying and self-confidence related to his dental appearance and speech. Investigations Plain films and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed agenesis of all canines and incisors in both jaws, an atrophic edentulous anterior maxilla, and soft tissue communication with the nasal fossa floor. Clinical management Despite provision of a retentive upper removable prosthesis was made impossible by a fleshy anterior maxillary ridge with severe atrophy of the dento-alveolar bone and inadequate sulcus depth. Multiple removable prostheses were fabricated, but retention and stability were poor. He was referred to maxillofacial surgery for excision of redundant fleshy tissue in the anterior maxilla and placement of corticocancellous block graft from the hip with Sonic Weld (KLS Martin) to augment and consolidate the ridge. A successfully retentive prosthesis was subsequently fabricated. Discussion This case presents an unusually invasive, but effective alternative approach to treating severe hypodontia in childhood, where hypoplastic dental ridge and sulcus depth can restrict treatment options.

Survey of primary tooth eruption status of down syndrome in Japan: Comparison with the Japanese National Survey of Dental Diseases

IntroductionDown syndrome (DS) can cause irregular dental eruption patterns and hypodontia. However, data on primary tooth eruption with DS in Japan are insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a questionnaire survey to predict dental abnormalities in DS based on tooth eruption status. MethodsA questionnaire survey on the age, sex, number of present teeth, and dental formula of patients with DS was conducted at facilities providing dental care for the disabled in Japan, and the results were compared with those of the Survey of Dental Diseases used as for the control survey. ResultsA total of 3656 valid responses were received. This study was analyzed according to the age group of the Survey of Dental Diseases. At 1–14 years old, the mean number of primary teeth per patient was the highest at 4 years old (19.3 teeth). The largest difference from the control survey was at 1 year old, and the difference decreased with age until 4 years. At 3–5 years old, the rate of individual primary tooth eruptions was 14.2% lower for the mandibular primary lateral incisors than that in the control survey. At 15 years old or older, the percentage of people who had persistence of primary teeth was 19.2%. The second primary molars were the most common persistent primary teeth. ConclusionDS is characterized by delayed tooth eruption, high incidence of missing teeth, particularly the mandibular primary lateral incisors, and persistence of primary teeth. These findings indicate the importance of developmental support and oral management.