Tonal Errors Research Articles

Feasibility study for a new compatible quadruplex video recording standard

All the parameters affecting the performance of a video recording system are critically considered and proposals are made for achieving the necessary quality of output with the tape speed reduced to 6 in/s for 2-in wide tape. The new standard calls for reducing head size, track widths and guard bands. Unwanted beat components in the f.m. system are reduced by adopting a super highband system with the black carrier frequency being about 10 MHz and the white carrier in the 12 to 13 MHz region. A pilot tone error correction system is described. Factors affecting audio recording quality are also discussed.

Human Operator Dynamics for Aural Compensatory Tracking

The effects of aural and combined aural and visual displays of tracking error on human operator dynamics were investigated using a compensatory tracking task. The aural displays indicated error magnitude with tone pitch and error polarity by either modulating the tone or by switching it between the ears. Describing functions, remnants, and rms tracking performance were measured with test conditions which were similar to those for previous studies of visual tracking performance. Human operator control characteristics measured for aural displays agree closely with those which result for visual displays. Also, operators could control equally well with either one- or two-ear displays. However, the reduction in operator time delays, expected because of the generally faster human response to aural stimuli, was not clearly evident in the results. Results also indicate that the combined aural and visual presentation of tracking error improved operator performance slightly.