This paper presents an identification procedure for anisotropic thermo-elastic heterogeneous material profile based on modified error in constitutive equation (MECE) approach. The inverse problem is posed as an optimization problem where the objective functional evaluates the difference in constitutive relation that associates kinematically admissible strain field to the statically admissible stress field. An additional term due to corruption in measurement data is included in the cost functional as a penalty form. While following standard MECE-based identification procedure, we have proposed a trace norm of the constitutive discrepancy functional that arises due to two dissimilar fields for material parameter update. In the process, we obtain explicit parameter update formula for general anisotropic thermo-elastic material. However, unlike elastic case, parameter update equations are nonlinear due to thermo-elastic constitutive relation. Finally, the potential of the proposed procedure in estimating anisotropic material parameters is illustrated through some large-scale parameter estimation problems.