Erode District Research Articles

Interpretation of Road Network using QGIS

Road networks are the key element for economic growth in every country. It is essential for project a strategic and sustained expansion and an adequate maintenance of these networks to guarantee quality connections between the different parts of a geographical territory. Road enables the supply of goods and services around the world and it connect the people to workplaces, schools, hospitals and some other places in the geographical area. Road infrastructure improves the effectiveness and efficiency of all the countries and increases the standard living of people, making their lives easier. In this paper we proposed to design the road network map for Erode district using QGIS (Quantum Geographic Information System). We identified and classified various type of road network for that particular area. In this map we include what kind of road network is available and also explained the purpose of the each type of road network.

A SCIENTIFIC STUDY ON LOW AND MODERATE LEVEL OF INTENSE CIRCUIT TRAINING ON SELECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETER AMONG ELITE FEMALE ATHLETES

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a scientic study on low and medium level of intense circuit training on selected physiological parameter among elite female athletes. To achieve the purpose of the study thirty female athletes were selected from Erode District, Tamilnadu, India during the year 2021. The subject’s age ranges from 21 to 25 years. The selected subjects were divided into two equal groups consists of 15 subjects each namely experimental group and control group. The experimental group underwent a combined low and medium level of intensity circuit training programme for eight weeks. The control group was not taking part in any training during the course of the study. Resting heart rate was taken as criterion variable in this study. The selected subjects were tested on resting heart rate was measured through heart rate monitor. Pre-test was taken before the training period and post- test was measured immediately after the eight week training period. Statistical technique‘t’ ratio was used to analyse the means of the pre-test and post test data of experimental group and control group. The results revealed that there was a signicant difference found on the criterion variable. The difference is found due to combined low and medium level of intensity circuit training given to the experimental group on heart rate when compared to control group.

Analysis of Changes in Decision Making Behaviour of Turmeric Farm Women during COVID-19 Pandemic Situation

Women farmers are engaged in both production and processing of turmeric. Majority of the women have been involved in decision-making process. During COVID–19 pandemic situation women were more affected than men by means of economical aspects. During COVID-19 pandemic situation, farm women’s decision making process has been changed hence the study “Analysis of Changes in Decision Making Behaviour of Turmeric Farm Women during COVID-19 Pandemic Situation” has been taken up. The study was conducted in Kodumudi block of Erode district. Based on proportionate random sampling method, six villages were selected with the sample of 120 farm women. From the result it was observed that before COVID-19, majority of the farm women had not been involved in decision making process like crop production, fertilizer application, pest management, disease management, Nematode management, harvesting and post harvest activities while during COVID-19 farm women took decision either with the family members or with the help of their spouse in turmeric farming. To overcome this situation there must be more number of training programmes conducted to the farm women in turmeric farming techniques which inturn help them to take right decision by their own.

Risk Behavior of Farmers Cultivating Traditional Rice Varieties in Erode District, Tamil Nadu

This study investigates the risk behavior of traditional rice variety growers in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, using Moscardi and De Janvry approach and Discriminant analysis technique. A well structured questioner was prepared and purposive random sampling was done in three blocks which covers highest cultivable area under paddy namely Gobichettipalayam, Modakurichi and Bhavani in Erode district. Each traditional rice varieties have some unique characteristics i.e some are pest and disease resistant, drought resistant, resistant to waterlogged condition and have medicinal values. The present study was done to identify the major risks, to quantify the risk attitude and to identify the factors influencing risk attitude of the traditional variety growers in Erode District. In the research it was found that the varieties preferred by farmers were Thuyamalli, Kichadi samba, Karuppukavuni, Mapillai samba,Arcaud Kichadi Samba, Poongar, Thanga Samba, Sivan Samba and few other varieties they were cultivating in small areas using organic farming method.The major risk found in cultivating traditional rice varieties were market risk followed by human labour risk, processing risk, input risk, technology risk, institutional risk, natural risk and other risks include transport risk and storage risk. The farmers were grouped into three categories i.e., risk preferrers (63.33 per cent), risk neutral (28.33 per cent) and risk averse (8.33 per cent) based on risk attitude. Once again the farmers in each group was categorized into low, medium, high risk based on nine factors namely, farmers age, major occupation, years of schooling, family size, membership in any of the farmers association, proportion of paddy area to total farm area, proportion of paddy income to total farm income, experience and adequacy of market which were influencing the risk attitude of farmers. In order to conserve the traditional rice varieties from extinction, to restore the soil health, to ensure nutritional security the farmers were willing to take risk.

A study on factors influencing farmers towards the purchase of bio-fungicides in Erode district of Tamil Nadu

Since green revolution, Indian Agricultural production has attained tremendous changes to satisfy the needs of the rapidly increasing population. One such change is the extreme usage of chemical pesticides for plant protection. Recently, there is a rising concern about the negative effects of these chemical pesticides on human and soil health. To combat these ill effects, alternative solutions such as environment friendly bio pesticides are being employed. Hence, there is a need to gain a deeper understanding about the farmers’ preference towards bio fungicides. This study provides insight into the various factors that play a major role in motivating farmers towards purchase of bio-fungicides. An exploratory factor analysis was carried out and the result showed that dealers influence, technical guidance, product Quality, advertisement and credit availability were some of the major factors that influenced the farmers towards purchase of bio-fungicides.

Relationship between Independent Variables and Training Needs of Farmers about Recommended Turmeric Cultivation Practices

Erode district is well known for turmeric production and turmeric market in entire country. This study was conducted in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. Erode district consists of nine taluks. Among nine taluks, Erode taluk was selected. Erode taluk has two blocks and among the two blocks, Kodumudi has more area under turmeric cultivation. Therefore, Kodumudi block was selected purposively. Kodumudi block comprises of twenty-four revenue villages. Among the twenty-four villages, five villages were selected for the study purpose. From each selected village, total sample of 120 turmeric growers were selected through proportionate simple random sampling technique. Thirteen independent variables were selected and analyzed to identify its relationship with dependent variable (training needs). From the above study it may be concluded that that educational status, farming experience, extension agency contact, trainings undergone, innovativeness, and scientific orientation were found to have positive and significant relationship with the training needs of turmeric growers about recommended turmeric cultivation practices.

Thrips diversity of cotton ecosystem and the role of parthenium pollen grains in the transmission of tobacco streak virus (TSV) infection in cotton.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02967-6.

How Higher Secondary School Students Perceive The Neet Examination: A Quantitative Report

The present study tries to determine the attitude towards the NEET examination among higher secondary school students in Erode District. The survey method is applied for this research study. 350 higher secondary students were selected as a sample by using a stratified random sampling technique. NEET Attitude Scale, which is constructed and standardised by Nithya (2017), was used for this study. This study found that Higher secondary school students studying in Erode district had neither a positive nor negative attitude towards the NEET examination.

Institutional support for tribal farmer interest groups in Erode district of Tamil Nadu, India

Globally small and marginal tribal farmers situation is worse because of poor marketing system and lack of quality input and technical services. This worse situation can be empowered through group approach like Farmer Producer Organization (FPO), Farmers Interest Group (FIG) and Self Help Group (SHG). FIG is a self-managed, independent group of farmers with a shared goal and interest. This is usually formed by 15-20 members. It is evidenced that the profitability in farming would be possible in groups rather than practising it individually. This is particularly the case where farmers organize themselves to respond to credit and input needs, marketing concerns, etc., as there are clear economic benefits of working in groups. The present study is aimed to investigate the level of institutional support for tribal Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs) in Erode district. A cent per cent of the respondents (100.00%) admitted that they received support for getting information regarding input availability, subsidiary activities, various schemes of the state department of agriculture. The vast majority of the respondents received information on technical support on production aspects of crop production (98.00%) and received credit support whenever needed (98.00%). Institutions like NGOs, State Department of Agriculture played a major role in improving the standard of living of these tribal people. They received support from the institution from production to marketing and value addition. However, they did not get proper guidance for soil testing and quality testing of inputs. Because of remoteness, they received a medium level of institutional support.

A case study of an organic Agripreneur adopting integrated farming system model at Kullagoundenpudur village of Erode district in Tamil Nadu, India

The present study aimed to investigate the profile characteristics, key facts, and figure by identifying an enterprising organic farmer among many farming groups. The case study method which is a comprehensive study of a social unit comprised of a person, a group, a social institution, a district, or a community was followed to study the selected organic farmer cum agripreneur who effectively used all his farm resources less input usage drawn outside his farm. One of those differed from other organic farmers to integrate all his farm components and carried out farming activity with future market forecast into mind. In addition to that, his farm, which was located in Kullagoundenpudur village of Erode district in Tamil Nadu, had been approved as ‘Model Farm’ on Integrated Farming System (IFS). There existed great scope for doing agriculture as a business activity in future. His business motive, risk-bearing nature and time management strategy helped him to succeed in his business. He also coined that for his success, "Genetics played 60% role, Technology played 20% role and Management played 20% role". The study will also motivate young graduates and other farmers to come forward and adopt such farming activities.

Prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in red chilli pepper (Capsicum annum L.) from India

SummaryThe aflatoxin contamination of chilli pepper grown and marketed in Tamil Nadu, a southern Indian state, was assessed. Chilli samples were collected at different stages of the value chain and were quantified using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Forty‐two representative samples were collected from four districts identified as the hub for production, distribution, agro‐processing industries and retail stores. In addition, interviews were conducted among the chilli farmers, vendors and agro‐industrialists across the hubs to assess their knowledge on aflatoxin contamination and safe handling practices. The maximum aflatoxin content determined in the chilli pepper was 37.8 µg kg−1. Almost 66.7% of samples collected from the retail outlets had aflatoxin values above 10 µg kg−1. The total aflatoxin content in the samples collected across the value chain was in the range of 3.83 to 37.80 µg kg−1. Statistical analysis on aflatoxin contents showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the districts representing different operations of value chain. The detected aflatoxin content was highest in samples collected from Dindigul district and least in Erode district. The results of the perception study showed that respondents into farming and trade activities had very little or no knowledge of aflatoxin contamination of chilli. The prevalence of unacceptable levels of aflatoxin in the chilli supply chain in the districts studied is probably due to tropical climatic conditions and poor handling practices of chilli.

A Study on Occupational Stress among Nurses in Erode District, Tamil Nadu

Nursing is considered one among the stressful professions. Over workload inadequate felicities, and sometimes the profession itself would be the cause of the stress to the Nurses. The professional stress of the Nurses creates so many adverse effects and creates negative effects to the persons who depend on the Nurses as the Occupational Stress reduces their concentration in medication. These made this study as essential one. Weiman Occupational Stress Scale was used to construct questionnaire to collect the data from Nurses and required statistical tools were used to analyses the relationship of stress causers with demographic factors and the impact of stress on the physical and mental health of the respondents. The results of the study were found that the Nurses were confronting high level of Occupational Stress during the period of Lockdown. The main stressors were over workload, in adequate felicities, fear of getting affected by the Corona virus and inadequate quality time with family. The demographic factors have significant relationship with the causes of Occupational Stress and the impact of Occupational Stress on the physical, emotional and Psychological state of Nurses is also immense. So enough measures have to be taken to moderate the stress level of Nurses as it is required for Nurses themselves and the patients depending them.

A Study on the Water Quality Assessment of Bhavani River in Tamil Nadu

In many parts of India, rivers and streams are the major source of water for household and irrigation purposes. Due to increased human population and industrialization, the water gets highly polluted as the sewage and household wastes, agricultural wastes, and other wastes from factories are directly discharged into the river. Pollution of river water can have harmful effects on living beings and makes water unsuitable for various needs. Thus, it is required to check the quality of water at well-ordered time intervals as the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water will be changed. In this study, six samples from both Upper Bhavani River in Coimbatore district and Lower Bhavani River in Erode district were collected at various locations and examined for water quality parameters to know its suitability for various needs. Water samples collected were examined for water quality parameters such as electrical conductivity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, sulphate, chloride, hardness, turbidity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Based on the water quality analysis results, Water Quality Index was formulated. The overall quality of water was assessed using the WQI values and necessary solutions are suggested to improve the quality of water.

Detection of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from rhizospheric soil of agricultural crops in Erode district

Phosphorus is a second key plant nutrient and the ‘kingpin’ in Indian agriculture, occupies an exclusive position both in conventional as well as in alternative agriculture. However, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) converts the insoluble phosphate into biologically available form through the production of organic acids. Hence, the present study explored the presence of PSB from the Karavalasu agricultural field, Sivagiri, Erode District. The percentages of bacterial solubilization were 14.40 % to 60.70 % in non rhizospheric and rhizospheric crops adhering to root soils respectively.Out of 14 morphologically distinct isolates of PSB, two isolates (PSB8 and PSB11) displayed high P solubilization efficiency on solid medium amended with tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 as the insoluble source (0.2 %). They were further characterized and continued with identification used by Picovskaya’s selective medium. The selective medium was incubated for 48 hours at a temperature of 37°C. The characterization was done for two strains by looking at the colony morphology and biochemical properties. The isolates showed the optimum pH for growth of the organism was pH 7 and the optimum temperature was 37 °C. Two strains exhibited significant release of P at the concentrations of 1.96 and 2.26 mg/l by PSB – 8 and PSB – 11 respectively on 10th day of incubation in broth medium amended with Ca3(PO4)2. The strains released acids as evident by decline in pH of the broth medium. They also secreted IAA with the maximum of 17.06 mg/l by PSB - 8 with Ca3(PO4)2 as a source of P. The potential strains for P solubilization were identified using 16S rRNA as Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for further application as bioinoculants to agricultural fields. Finally we afford some indication that the use of Phosphate solubilising microorganisms will support sustainable agriculture and conclude that this knowledge is ready for commercial utilization in various regions worldwide. Keywords: ,

Consumer Attitude towards Dairy Products – An Empirical Study in Erode District

The dairy industry is one of the most important components of the world food system, and is undergoing dramatic change at the current time. It is highly probable that within ten years, the global dairy industry will be scarcely recognizable from its current form. So, attitudinal changes of consumers also vary in the past 2 decades. Attitude of the consumers will continuously change owing to the technological research and innovation in the dairy industry. So, this research emerged and aimed to examine the consumer attitude towards dairy products in Erode district of Tamilnadu, India. Because Erode district shows its more involvement in agriculture along with dairy products. The researcher has selected 132 consumers who have using the dairy products in different way of usage like milk, butter, butter milk, ghee, palkova, etc. The changes in their attitude would find from a structured questionnaire which consists of demographic and usage of dairy products, and their attitude on dairy products. The collected data were subdued into tables and charts with the help of MS-excel and SPSS 22.0. This research has found the results as most of the respondents were urban area consumers of dairy products, purchasing frequently Aavin products and they were using dairy products for 5 to 10 years in the study area.

WITHDRAWN: Groundwater quality assessment in a North-East region of erode district, tamil nadu

Erode city is surrounded by dyeing industries, paper industries and tanneries. These industries directly dump the effluents into underground. Continuous effluent disposal leads to ground water pollution. Assessment of physio-chemical studies were carried out in erode city. Samples of Groundwater were collected from different locations and water quality parameters such as pH, Electrical conductivity, Chlorides, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, TDS, Sulphates and Turbidity were analyzed. In a few locations water quality level is surpassed due to discharge of effluent to underground without treatment from industries. The study area indicates that the ground water exceeds the permissible limit of turbidity upto 340 NTU, EC upto 5370μ mhos/cm, chlorides upto 1846 mg/l, total hardness upto 988 mg/l, TDS upto 2130 mg/l, sulphates upto 1960 mg/l in BP Agraharam and Naripallam. The result shows that the groundwater in few areas are suitable for human consumption. The precautionary measure is necessary to implement remedial measures for groundwater in BP agraharam and Naripallam.

Impact of Credit Gap for Turmeric Farmers in Erode District, Tamil Nadu

Impact of Credit Gap for Turmeric Farmers in Erode District, Tamil Nadu

A Study on the Relationship of Profile Characteristics with Group Performance of Tribal Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs)

The present study aimed to analyze the relationship of profile characteristics with group performance of tribal FIGs. The survey was purposively conducted in Erode district as it contains more number of tribal Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs). A total of five Tribal FIGs were randomly selected from 16 Tribal FIGs belonging to Dhimbam Dhaniya Farmer Producer Company Limited (DDFPCL) and the total sample size was 100. A well-structured interview schedule was prepared and employed to collect the data from the respondents. The findings showed that majority of the respondents were young aged with high school education, female marginal farmers receiving low level of annual income with medium level of farming experience. They had also received medium level of support from institution. The findings of the study also revealed that majority of the members of tribal FIGs had 76.00, 75.00, 73.00, 67.00 and 55.00 percentages of self-confidence, economic motivation, group leadership, group communication and information seeking behaviour respectively.To improve the performance of tribal FIGs, measures should be taken to increase the level of group communication, group leadership and group cohesiveness. This can be increased through organizing regular meetings for members, proper selection of leaders and making the members to understand the importance of group action

Oral health status of hearing and speech-impaired schoolchildren in Erode district, Tamil Nadu – A cross-sectional study

Background: Children with hearing and speech impairment are one of the important groups deprived of good oral health due to communication barriers. The chance of acquiring minimal information can significantly affect their personal as well as oral health. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the oral health status among hearing and speech-impaired children in Erode. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among hearing and speech-impaired children aged 7–14 years attending special schools at Erode, Tamil Nadu. A structured questionnaire written in vernacular language (Tamil) was used to obtain information on demographic details and oral hygiene practices. Then, oral examination was carried out and findings were recorded in the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Children, 2013. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 75 children were examined including 46 males (61%) and 29 females (39%). The common dental diseases found in the children were dental caries (65%) and gingival bleeding (47%). Most of the children (76%) required prompt treatment. Intervention urgency is higher among those children who have not visited a dentist before. Conclusion: The present study population has extensive dental treatment needs owing to communication difficulties and underutilization of dental care. The dental professionals along with the school authorities and voluntary agencies should reorganize the preventive as well as curative dental services so as to benefit the hearing and speech-impaired children.

Productivity Enhancement in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) through Improved Crop Management Practices on Farmers’ Field

Urd bean (Vigna mungo L.) or black gram is one of the important pulse crop cultivated over 1000 ha area in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. Attempts were made to reduce the yield gap of black gram by adopting integrated crop management practices through cluster frontline demonstrations during 2016-2020 in 250 farmers’ field. The integrated crop management practices comprised of high yielding black gram variety, seed treatment with rhizobium, foliar application of micronutrients, integrated plant protection measures were demonstrated. The results showed that number of pods and seeds per plant were increased by 7.66 and 10.54 per cent respectively over farmers practice. Similarly the average higher grain yield of 7.68 quintal/ha recorded in demonstration plots compared to 6.51 quintal/ha in farmers practice with a yield advantage of 17.99 per cent over the farmer practices. The average extension gap, technology gap and technology index were 1.17 quintal/ha, 0.83 quintal/ha, and 9.75 per cent respectively. About 71.6 per cent farmers were satisfied with the improved crop production technologies. Considering the above facts, Frontline demonstrations were carried out in a systematic and scientific manner on farmer’s field to show the worth of improved production management technologies in black gram for further adoption.