Ergonomic Desk Research Articles

Designing an adjustable ergonomic laptop desk and its evaluating by RULA and NERPA methods.

Using a computer may lead to pain in wrists, neck, and back. In addition, adopting various body postures like sitting cross-legged, semi-fowler's position, and putting the laptop on the leg may lead to the development of persistent and irreversible discomfort. The purpose of this research is to design and build an adjustable ergonomic laptop desk based on the anthropometric characteristics of students in the age range of 20 to 30 years and to evaluate its efficiency using RULA and NERPA methods. This cross-sectional study conducted on 108 students, in which an adjustable and portable ergonomic desk designed and built based on 10 anthropometric dimensions of students and the length and width of 10 different laptop models. Two assessment methods, RULA and NERPA, were used. Wilcoxon statistic test and SPSS version 26 software used for data analysis. The dimensions of the desk were calculated in three positions, and the desk was made with the ability to adjust height, width and tilt, each with two degrees of freedom. The statistical analysis comparing score of RULA and NERPA in two situations without using a desk and using an ergonomic laptop desk had a significant difference (P-value < 0.001). Comparison of RULA and NERPA scores showed that NERPA evaluated the low ergonomic risk level better than RULA method. Due to the ability to adjust the designed desk, the changes in RULA and NERPA score in all three modes, it indicates the effectiveness of the table in improving the body posture of users when using a laptop.

PERANCANGAN TAS MEJA ERGONOMIS SEBAGAI PENUNJANG FASILITAS WORK FROM ANYWHERE

This ergonomic desk bag is useful as a product that makes it easier for people who work with high mobility so that a bag that functions as a storage area is combined with a foldable table and there are several features on the table, one of which is the height of the table legs that can be adjusted and in terms of materials choose materials that not too heavy so as not to make the user object. This product was made due to the lack of ergonomics of the table or the lack of availability of tables when people work outside the office. For this reason, this product is designed so that when carrying a bag, users can still use the table. The method used in this research is distributing questionnaires, the Ulrich and Eppinger Method, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process. . Ergonomic desk bag product design carries out the process of selecting the selected product then developing and implementing it on the user and the result is that the user can use the table when doing his work even though there is no table in that place.

Public Interest in Distal Upper Extremity Pain and Workstation Ergonomics in the Context of COVID-19

To describe trends in public interest in distal upper extremity (UE) pain and workstation ergonomics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive ecological. Not applicable. Not applicable. Not applicable. Aggregated, anonymous Google Trends data of relative search frequency in the United States between 09/01/2019 and 08/31/2020 for each of these terms: (1) coronavirus OR COVID-19; (2) hand pain OR wrist pain OR finger pain; (3) ergonomic desk OR ergonomic chair OR ergonomic mouse OR ergonomic keyboard. Relative search frequency of coronavirus peaked (100%) the week of 03/15/2020, with a corresponding dip for distal UE pain as per its lowest relative search frequency (57%). Interest in distal UE pain returned to near-pre-pandemic levels as per a 2-point decrease in mean relative frequency before the week of 03/15/2020 versus after (compared to a 16-point decrease for a control search term of cancer). Interest in ergonomics increased in mid-March, corresponding with interest in coronavirus (from a relative frequency of 43% the week of 03/08/2020 to 55% on 03/15/2020 and 75% on 03/22/2020; with a previous high of 44% on 01/12/2020). Interest in ergonomics remained elevated, with a mean relative frequency of 84% after the week of 03/15/2020 and peak relative frequency (100%) on 08/16/2020. In the context of COVID-19, relatively stable public interest in distal UE pain combined with increased interest in ergonomics may suggest motivations to minimize or prevent pain associated with telecommuting-related makeshift workstations. Continued elevated interest in ergonomics highlights a potential public health need relative to ongoing pandemic-related workplace restrictions. Rehabilitation professionals should consider optimizing individual- and population-level musculoskeletal health in this regard.

Desain Meja dan Kursi Tutorial Laboratorium Desain Produk dan Inovasi Menggunakan Metode 12 Prinsip Ergonomi dan Pendekatan Antropometri

The laboratory has an important thing to in producing graduates who are ready to work. In the laboratory itself, of course, it requires supporting facilities so that the participants can carry out learning activities properly. This is the same as the activity of developing a Product Design and Innovation laboratory at the Institut Teknologi Del which requires supporting facilities for its users. The purpose of this research is to design ergonomic desk and chair tutorial facilities that meets to users requirement. The method this research uses 12 ergonomic principles to identify user needs and translate them into Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) to develop House of Quality(HOQ) and designed by an anthropometric approach. The results of this study are the design of the tutorial desk and chair facilities with the 5-95th percentile of student body to meet their design use.

Hamstring Pain - Biker

HISTORY: A 53-year-old male reports to physical therapy with L posterolateral thigh pain. Three years prior, pt’s spring ligament popped and required surgical reconstruction. During the patient’s surgery, he had a nerve block to the lateral hamstring. Patient completed necessary therapy and attempted to return to exercise. Following attempts at exercising, patient reported sporadic symptoms of leg weakness. Patient has had two normal nerve conduction tests as well as a normal MRI of the back, knee, and hip. At initial evaluation, patient is unable to bike or run, and describes symptoms of localized weakness and achiness post-exercise. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Posture normal, no apparent gait deviations. Pain localized to the distal lateral hamstring. Full, pain-free lumbar spine, hip, and knee AROM and overpressure. Gross LE strength testing within normal limits except for L hamstring (3+/5). Dynamometer reading R: 38lbs, L 25lbs. Contraction did not reproduce patient’s pain. Symptoms present with elongation of L hamstring muscle. Deep squat limited by “tightness” in L calf. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: 1. Distal Peripheral Nerve Entrapment 2.Hamstring Tendinopathy 3.Mechanical Dysfunction TESTS AND RESULTS: Neural Tissue Testing: - Positive slump test - Painful arc of motion: Patient had symptoms at 40 degrees short of vertical that dissipate once patient’s leg was lifted to 35 degrees - Positive straight leg testing - Reflexes were within functional limits FINAL/WORKING DIAGNOSIS: Distal peripheral nerve entrapment of mechanical nature. TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES: - 5 physical therapy sessions over 5 weeks - Ergonomic desk set up - Sciatic nerve sliders from slump position - Progressive hamstring strengthening - Aerobic circuit training - Dry needling - Two needles were inserted into the short head of the biceps and laterally to where the nerve runs. - Improved LEFS from 60 to 80 in 5 weeks - Neural symptoms normalized at 3 weeks - Hamstring strength improved to 37lbs at 4 weeks (per dynamometer) - Return to running/biking activities at 5 weeks

The development of an ergonomically designed product through an integrated product team approach

Purpose. This article discusses the process of developing an ergonomic desk for students through an integrated product team approach. Methodology. Using an integrated product team approach, numerous quality tools, customization techniques, strategic tools and techniques including quality function deployment, ergonomic principles, Kano model, SCAMPER (substitute, combine, adapt, modify, put, eliminate, reverse), brainstorming, Pareto’s principle and cause-and-effect diagrams were systematically applied. In addition, for detailed designs, anthropometric measurements were considered. Results. Having identified various health problems associated with use of unergonomic furniture by students, this study developed an ergonomic desk using SolidWorks version 2016. The ergonomic student desk considered the design for adjustability principle which accommodates 90% of all students (5th percentile female to 95th percentile male). Conclusions. Data obtained from three colleges were systematically verified, validated and evaluated and a design for an ergonomic student desk was the result. Adoption of these systematic processes gives the design practical validity, and once the ergonomic student desk has completed the manufacturing process its use is expected to lead to a reduction in the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders, neck problems, back pain and pressure on the hips. Ultimately, students having acquired a desk designed to fit their requirements will achieve comfort and satisfaction.

RANCANG BANGUN MEJA DAN KURSI BELAJAR SECARA ERGONOMI DIBENGKEL LAS NUANSA TEKNIK LUBUK BUAYA PADANG

The study desk and chair is a very important supporting tool in the implementation of teaching and learning. To anticipate the existence of unsuitable between table and chair with student body size, it will be designed to build desk and chairs study ergonomically in accordance with the size of the human body. So the purpose of the research of this task ahir is to make ergonomic desk design and chair and know the costs incurred to make ergonomic desk and chair learning.The result of this research is the new study table and chair made of iron pipe and has 37cm holder width,39cm holder length,overall seat height 90cm,43cm seat height,74cm overall seat lengt, 55x42cm table width, 39x37cm bookcase,16cm tall bookcase, 13x37cm footstool, 23cm high footing, foam backrest and 7cm holder. As for the total cost of making desks and chairs studied this final result is Rp.815.500.

ANALYSIS OF LEARNING DESK DESIGN FOR CHILDREN MENTAL RETARDATION AT EXTRA ORDINARY SCHOOL OF PUTRA MANDIRI, CILACAP

The design of study desks in special schools is generally made equal to the purpose for the convenience of students in learning so as to help students in receiving the lessons well. The purpose of this study was to analyze and redesign the table in grade IV child tunagrahita. This research uses descriptive qualitative method through exploration approach. This study used observation and unstructured interviews with headmasters, classroom teachers, students of grade IV tunagrahita students at SLB Putra Mandiri Kawunganten in Cilacap. The result of this research is proposed in the form of analysis of table design for learners so as to produce more ergonomic desk.

An Ergonomic Desk and Chair Prototype to Improve Seating Position on Senior High School Students at Kabupaten Gresik

Introduction: The need of desks and chairs at school which appropriate with student’s anthropometry are very important. Desks and chairs which not suit with student’s anthropometry will lead to fatigue. At Kabupaten Gresik, the provision of desks and chairs which suit with student’s anthropometry still less in number. This study was aimed to provide recomendation for an ergonomic desk and chair prototype to improve seating position on senior high school students at Kabupaten Gresik. Method: This was preexperiment research with one group pre post test design. Research subjects were students at SMAN 1 Menganti and SMAN 1 Cerme, Kabupaten Gresik, 139 students were involved. Result: The recomendation of ergonomic desks and chairs specifi cation according to student’s anthropometry were: 1) Prototypechair N, length = 48 cm, wide = 43 cm, cushion base’s height from floor surfaces = 47 cm, bag keeper’s height from floor surfaces =3cm, bag keeper’s wide= 43 cm, bag keeper’s length = 47 cm, cushion’s wide = 41 cm, cushion’s length = 46cm, handrest’s height = 22 cm, handrest’s length = 30 cm, backrest’s height = 38 cm, backrest’s wide = 43 cm, cushion’s foam thickness = 4 cm, backrest’s foam thickness = 4 cm; 2) Prototype desk N, length = 50 cm, wide = 66 cm, back section’s height = 85 cm, front section’s height = 75 cm, footrest from fl oor surfaces = 10 cm, drawer’s height = 10cm, front bamper’s height = 40 cm, and table’s angle = 10o. Discussion: An ergonomic desks and chairs are very important for students at school, it will help teaching learning process run well and comfortable. The measurement of desk and chair must be reviewed after fi ve years, because of student’s anthropometric development. So then students will feel no fatigue.Keywords: ergonomy, senior high school student’s seating position

An Ergonomic Desk and Chair Prototype to Improve Seating Position on Senior High School Students at Kabupaten Gresik

Introduction: The need of desks and chairs at school which appropriate with student’s anthropometry are very important. Desks and chairs which not suit with student’s anthropometry will lead to fatigue. At Kabupaten Gresik, the provision of desks and chairs which suit with student’s anthropometry still less in number. This study was aimed to provide recomendation for an ergonomic desk and chair prototype to improve seating position on senior high school students at Kabupaten Gresik.Methods: This was preexperiment research with one group pre post test design. Research subjects were students at SMAN 1 Menganti and SMAN 1 Cerme, Kabupaten Gresik, 139 students were involved.Results: The recomendation of ergonomic desks and chairs specifi cation according to student’s anthropometry were: 1) Prototypechair N, length = 48 cm, wide = 43 cm, cushion base’s height from floor surfaces = 47 cm, bag keeper’s height from floor surfaces =3cm, bag keeper’s wide= 43 cm, bag keeper’s length = 47 cm, cushion’s wide = 41 cm, cushion’s length = 46cm, handrest’s height = 22 cm, handrest’s length = 30 cm, backrest’s height = 38 cm, backrest’s wide = 43 cm, cushion’s foam thickness = 4 cm, backrest’s foam thickness = 4 cm; 2) Prototype desk N, length = 50 cm, wide = 66 cm, back section’s height = 85 cm, front section’s height = 75 cm, footrest from fl oor surfaces = 10 cm, drawer’s height = 10cm, front bamper’s height = 40 cm, and table’s angle = 10o.Conclusion: An ergonomic desks and chairs are very important for students at school, it will help teaching learning process run well and comfortable. The measurement of desk and chair must be reviewed after fi ve years, because of student’s anthropometric development. So then students will feel no fatigue.

The effects of pencil grip posture and different desk designs on handwriting performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different ergonomic desk designs and pencil grip patterns on handwriting performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy and healthy children. Twenty-six children with left hemiplegic cerebral palsy and 32 typically developing children were included. The Minnesota Handwriting Assessment was used to evaluate handwriting abilities. Pencil grip posture was assessed with a 5-point rating system. Specifically designed adjustable desks and chairs were used. Four different desk types were used in this study: 1) regular desk; 2) regular desk with a 20 degrees inclination; 3) cutout desk; and 4) cutout desk with a 20 degrees inclination. Statistically significant differences were found between both groups in terms of handwriting ability (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference regarding grip scores between children with cerebral palsy and healthy children (p > 0.05). We found that children with cerebral palsy had better performance using cutout desks in relation to rate and spacing parameters of handwriting (p < 0.05). The results of our study demonstrated that the pencil grip patterns have no effect on the handwriting parameters in both children with cerebral palsy and healthy children. It is recommended that a cutout table be used to provide more upper extremity support in handwriting activities for students with cerebral palsy.

Posture and muscle activity of pregnant women during computer work and effect of an ergonomic desk board attachment

The aims of this study were (a) to compare posture and muscle activity in the back and upper extremity of women in late pregnancy and non-pregnant controls, (b) to evaluate the effect of a concave “desk board” on the back and upper extremity of women in late pregnancy. All participants completed a standard 20-min computer task under two conditions: (1) using a standard desk and (2) using a desk attachment board designed to support the forearms. Bilateral electromyography of the trapezius, multifidus and longissimus muscles and the right anterior deltoid and extensor digitorum muscles was recorded. Three-dimensional (3D) trunk and upper extremity posture was monitored. The participants, 12 pregnant and 18 non-pregnant women, were tested before and after 2 weeks of familiarization with the board in their workplace. Perceived discomfort was recorded before and after use of the board. Results showed that pregnant women sat with a more upright posture than non-pregnant controls but the posture of their right arm was not different though the activity of the anterior deltoid muscle was higher. The pregnant women also reported more discomfort in the lower back and pelvis area. The desk attachment board increased muscle activity in the right trapezius and extensor digitorum, and decreased muscle activity in some back muscles. The desk attachment board may be a useful tool in reducing discomfort in the low back during computer work, but may have adverse effects on the upper extremities. Relevance to industry Many pregnant women perform computer work as their main duty or as re-assignment from heavier physical work. Increased joint loads put them at risk of musculo-skeletal disorders, particularly back pain. An attachment board providing arm support has a potential positive effect for the lower back, but it may have an adverse effect on upper extremities. Interventions using a similar device should carefully monitor both the back and upper extremities.

Trapezius muscle motor unit activity in symptomatic participants during finger tapping using properly and improperly adjusted desks.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in the neck-shoulder area and upper extremities are common among computer users, especially women. We compared temporal changes of motor unit (MU) activation in the trapezius muscle during finger tapping using both appropriate and inappropriate ergonomic desk adjustments. Sixteen intensive and nonintensive computer users with either moderate or severe musculoskeletal disorders participated in the study. Six-channel intramuscular electromyographic (EMG) signals and 2-channel surface EMG were recorded from 2 positions of the trapezius muscle. A statistically significant increase in activity was observed with a desk adjusted 5 cm higher than appropriate and was attributable mainly to increased duration of MU activity. Participants with severe symptoms activated more MUs, and these were also active longer. In women, on average, MUs were active nearly twice as long as in men during the same tapping task. This study demonstrates that it is possible to evaluate ergonomic topics on the MU level and that incorrectly adjusted office equipment, in addition to motor demands imposed by the work task, results in prolonged activity of MUs. A potential application of this research is an increased awareness that certain individuals who work with incorrectly adjusted office equipment may be at greater risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Comparing the effect of different design of desks with regard to motor accuracy in writing performance of students with cerebral palsy

This study was conducted to examine the effect of ergonomic desk design for improving motor accuracy in the writing performance of cerebral palsy students. Thirty-two cerebral palsy students were tested in four workstations. The test order was randomized. Work surface design involved a regular work surface and a cutout work surface, and desk angle design included a horizontal desk top and a 20° inclined desktop. The height of the desk and chair were adjusted relatively to each subject's height and popliteal height. Writing performance while using the four workstations were compared by administering the Motor Accuracy Test. Motor writing accuracy adjusted for speed was significantly better at the cutout work surface than at the regular work surface. Students with athetoid quadriplegia benefited more from the cutout surface. Although the inclined desktop was more appropriate for better vision and less neck flexion, there were no differences in accuracy scores and adjusted scores between the horizontal desk and the inclined desk. These findings support the hypothesis that the cutout work surface, which was accommodated to the anterior trunk, facilitates trunk control and provides forearm support in addition to improving writing performance.

The Effects of Ergonomic Desk with Regard to Motor Accuracy in the Writing Performance of the Students with Cerebral Palsy

This study was conducted to examine the effects of ergonomic desk design for improving motor accuracy in the writing performance of cerebral palsy students. Thirty-two cerebral palsy students were tested in four workstations. Work surface design involved a regular work surface and a cut-out work surface, and desk angle design included a horizontal desk top and a 20° inclined desktop. The height of the desk and chair were adjustable. We compared the writing performance of each subject by administering the Motor Accuracy Test. The writing performance was obtained by accuracy score and adjusted score. Results showed that accuracy score didn't reach the significant level (p=0.0593); however, adjusted score was significantly (p&lt;0.05) better at the cutout table than at the regular table. And students with athetoid benefited from the cutout surface significantly. These results indicated that a cutout work surface elicited significantly better tracing performance than a regular work surface did.