Era Of Global Trade Research Articles

Mellowing down the rigour of the concept of ‘trans‐border reputation’ to accommodate bona fide domestic use: The Indian and Sri Lankan perspectives

AbstractIn this era of global trade and digital communication, where geographical borders between states have become virtually redundant, the ‘aura’ of well‐known trademarks easily transgresses national borders. As an upshot of this, the reputation and goodwill attached to well‐known trademarks have become less and less commensurate with the territorial boundaries of individual states. This raises the question of whether strict adherence to the bedrock principle of ‘territoriality’ is both apt and justifiable in the backdrop of modern commerce—not only from a trademark holder's perspective but also from a consumer‐centric viewpoint. Although the judicially crafted concept of ‘trans‐border reputation’ is often hailed as a promising solution to this problem; sometimes it postulates a too‐liberal approach to protecting the interests of the foreign trademark owners. Most significantly, the concern has been raised that the application of an unbridled doctrine of ‘trans‐border reputation’ may unduly thwart the interests of local entrepreneurs. Thus, the argument that the ‘priority of innocent use’ by a local trader should not be superseded by the trans‐border reputation of a foreign well‐known trademark cannot be easily ignored. This paper aims to critically evaluate the application of the trans‐border reputation concept within the Indian and Sri Lankan legal landscapes, discussing in detail the implications of the landmark cases determined by the Indian and Sri Lankan judiciaries. Most importantly, it seeks to introduce a mechanism for minimizing prejudice to the bona fide domestic users of marks, by employing ‘bad faith’ as a balancing tool.

The Role of Social Networks in International Trade and Economic Development

In an era of global trade, cultural differences and trade barriers persist, impacting international business transactions among companies. However, research has revealed that individuals within the same social network, regardless of their physical location, experience a mitigation of information asymmetry. This, in turn, facilitates the establishment of robust cross-border business relationships and enhances the efficiency of international trade. This effect is particularly pronounced among immigrants, who often maintain social networks that bridge cultural gaps and foster social connections. Such networks can markedly amplify the volume of trade for businesses. Moreover, these social networks play a pivotal role in facilitating market entry. Sharing a common social network serves as a trust-building mechanism in cross-border trade, enabling enterprises to share transaction risks and decrease the unpredictability of transactions. The study integrates the latest research on the pivotal role of social networks in global business. The findings demonstrate that ethnic networks, such as those formed by Chinese immigrants, significantly enhance trade volumes, particularly in product categories with high information asymmetry. Greater levels of social connectivity within these networks are associated with substantially higher bilateral trade volumes, especially for goods facing significant information friction. Immigrant networks serve not only as economic connections but also as cultural and social conduits crucial for promoting international trade. In conclusion, social networks mitigate information asymmetry and facilitate rapid expansion into overseas markets for businesses. They also optimize supply chain management by monitoring market dynamics and consumer feedback in real time, while clearly identifying market opportunities.

Legal Analysis of the IKEA Trademark Removal Dispute Case (Study of Decision Number 165 PK/Pdt.Sus/2012)

Brands have an important function for their owners, especially in the era of global trade. Trademarks provide an indication of the origin and quality of the goods or services traded. Trademark owners have the exclusive right to authorize or prohibit others from using the same or similar trademarks as theirs. Indonesia uses a constitutive registration system, in which exclusive rights are given to registered marks. Trademark applicants may not register the same mark as another well-known trademark. Registered trademark must be used. Trademark cancellation is carried out when the brand has not been used for three consecutive years. In general, trademark revocation occurs when a mark is not used in trade in goods and services. If the former owner still wants the same trademark rights, he/she must apply for trademark registration and go through the entire registration procedure. If the other party applies for the mark first, the old owner can object. If this effort fails, he can submit an annulment to the Commercial Court, cassation, and review.

THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON INTENTIONS TO INCREASE THE PERFORMANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF MSMEs DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BULUKUMBA

This study aimed at analyzing the effect of financial literacy on intentions to improve the performance and sustainability of MSMEs specifically engaged in the culinary and handicraft industries during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The population of this study was MSMEs engaged in the culinary and handicraft industries and registered at the Department of Cooperatives and MSMEs (Indonesian: Dinas Koperasi dan UMKM) of Bulukumba. The employed technique of data analysis was a structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS 3.0 software. In this study, the researchers utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior to determine intentions to improve the performance and sustainability of MSMEs. Results indicated that financial literacy has an effect on intentions (attitude toward behavior, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm). Furthermore, the researchers found strong intentions (attitude toward behavior and perceived behavioral control) within MSME actors, resulting in attitudes for improving the performance and sustainability of MSMEs in Bulukumba. However, the intention specifically on the variable of the subjective norm has no effect on the performance and sustainability of MSMEs. Knowledge sharing to MSMEs occurs not only from the government, academicians, or big businesses but also between MSMEs, which can be the main key to the success of MSMEs in the era of global trade. Furthermore, it is important to realize that intra-MSME cooperation is highly needed to achieve complementary capabilities.

Private participation in establishing a product certification body of seed and breeding stock poultry in Indonesia

The era of global trade is a political system based on international rules and agreements that encourage and stabilize economic exchanges between countries. One of the impacts is the demand for a shift in government role to the private sector. The poultry sector plays an important role in providing 65% of the need for animal protein consumption in Indonesia. A product certification body of seed and breeding stock poultry is a tool used in global trade to increase product competitiveness in the global market. By applying standards in trade, it is expected to improve the performance of producers so that they can produce quality products, fair competition in trade, and provide protection to the public and consumers. Unfortunately, the existing seed and livestock certification institutions are still fully initiated by the government. Meanwhile, private participation in establishing a seed and poultry seed product certification body through public-private partnerships (PPPs) is still far from expectations.

Tinjauan Fatwa MUI Terhadap Penggunaan Hasil Produksi Alkohol di Sentra Industri Alkohol Bekonang

The advanced of technology and the era of global trade, affecting the number of circulation local and imported products around us. The most dangerous and widely circulating hazardous material as a mixture of industrial products is alcohol. Alcohol or ethanol production is carried out at the Bekonang alcohol industry center by fermentation and distillation that used for medical purposes, but some of the entrepreneurs tend to produce 25% alcohol or commonly called ciu which is categorized as liquor. This research was aimed to find out the practice of alcohol production in Bekonang Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency and the Fatwa MUI review of alcohol production practices. This study uses field research methods using a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the practice of alcohol production in Sentul Village, Bekonang Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency processed by fermentation until distillation produces 90% alcohol or ethanol used for health. In the review of the Fatwa MUI the product of the alcohol or ethanol production process in Bekonang Village is not from Khamr, so that its use is still allowed as long as it does not cause kemudaratan. So the center of the alcohol industry in Sentul Village Bekonang Village is not the khamr industry but the pure alcohol or ethanol industry, where the production is not for drinking but for health.

Utilization Of Nanotechnology In The Development Of Organic Fertilizers And Pesticides

The development of technology and its utilization cannot be denied that it is closely related to increasing the competitiveness of a country's industry. Increased knowledge and mastery of new technology is needed to win the competition in the era of global trade both by the government and industry. One example of technology that is being discussed hot is nanotechnology. The use of nano technology is well known, including in the fields of health, cosmetics and agriculture. Basically, the principle of nanotechnology discovery is to maximize yield or crop production by minimizing the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other needs by monitoring soil conditions such as roots and applying them directly to the target so that nothing is wasted. For pesticides, if this is applied it will be able to minimize the use of pesticides on plants because only target insects are affected. The use of nano technology in fertilizers will allow the release of nutrients contained in the fertilizer can be controlled. So only nutrients that will actually be absorbed by plants are released, so that there is no loss of nutrients there are undesirable targets such as soil, water and microorganisms. In nano fertilizers, nutrients can be in the form of nanomaterial encapsulation, coating by a thin protective layer or released in the form of an emulsion from nanoparticles.

Utilization of Nanotechnology in the Development of Organic Fertilizers and Pesticides

The development of technology and its utilization cannot be denied that it is closely related to increasing the competitiveness of a country's industry. Increased knowledge and mastery of new technology is needed to win the competition in the era of global trade both by the government and industry. One example of technology that is being discussed hot is nanotechnology. The use of nano technology is well known, including in the fields of health, cosmetics and agriculture. Basically, the principle of nanotechnology discovery is to maximize yield or crop production by minimizing the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other needs by monitoring soil conditions such as roots and applying them directly to the target so that nothing is wasted. For pesticides, if this is applied it will be able to minimize the use of pesticides on plants because only target insects are affected. The use of nano technology in fertilizers will allow the release of nutrients contained in the fertilizer can be controlled. So only nutrients that will actually be absorbed by plants are released, so that there is no loss of nutrients there are undesirable targets such as soil, water and microorganisms. In nano fertilizers, nutrients can be in the form of nanomaterial encapsulation, coating by a thin protective layer or released in the form of an emulsion from nanoparticles.

IPTEKS EDUKASI DALAM PENGAMATAN MELAKUKAN TRANSAKSI PERDAGANGAN KOMODITI BERJANGKA PADA PERUSAHAAN PIALANG PT. VICTORY INTERNATIONAL FUTURES

PT. Victory International Futures was established in 2003 as a brokerage company in the world financial market that uses information technology to support its business. Centered in the city of Surabaya in the heart of the Indonesian business city. PT. Victory International Futures is one of the institutions recognized by the Indonesian government. We provide 100% focus on trading via the internet using the "Meta Trader 5" system PT. Victory International Futures is under the supervision of the Commodity Futures Trading (BAPPEBTI), Member of Indonesia Commodity & Derivatives Exchanges (ICDX) / Indonesian Commodity and Derivative Exchange (BKDI) and PT. Identrust Security International (ISI). Time never stops in the era of global trade and so does PT. Victory International Futures serves thousands of customers directly and always provides quality and professional financial services.Keywords : brokerage company, gold, forex, trading system via the internet

“Men of the World”: British Mariners, Consumer Practice, and Material Culture in an Era of Global Trade, c. 1660–1800

AbstractGrowing numbers of sailors powered British fleets during the long eighteenth century. By exploring mariners' habits, dress, and material practice when in port, this article uncovers their roles as agents of cultural change. These men complicated material hierarchies, with a broad impact on developing western consumer societies, devising a distinctive material practice. They shaped important systems of transnational exchange and redefined networks of plebeian material culture. Mariners were also endowed with a growing rhetorical authority over the long eighteenth century, embodying new plebeian cosmopolitanism, while expressing facets of a dawning imperial masculinity. Marcus Rediker described eighteenth-century Anglo-American mariners as plain dealers, wageworkers, and pirates, as well as “men of the world.” This international contingent mediated between world communities, while demonstrating new tastes and new fashions. They also personified the manly traits celebrated in Britain's burgeoning imperial age.

Perancangan Customer Knowledge Management pada PT Pandawa Maju Perkasa

In the era of global trade, more countries want a quality of product with optimal price. PT Pandawa Maju Perkasa engaged in export trade services requires an application that can bridge the communication between the customer and the company. It can also create appropriate knowledge to present the product to the customer. Knowledge of the product obtained will be shared to the customer as company's marketing activities. In addition, critics and suggestions are very necessary for the improvement of customer service of the company. Research in this study was done by analyzing business process, designing model of knowledge management system, and designing system model. The design of the system made consisted of making class diagrams, use case diagrams, sequence diagrams, and user interface. The design of the CKM system will help the company capture customer demand for the goods they want, the communication between the customer and the company can be well established, critics and suggestions facility made is used to improve services to customers.

Yellow peril consumerism: China, North America, and an era of global trade

This paper explores a parallel between the ‘yellow peril’ imagery of pollution and danger used to characterize China historically and that found in contemporary media accounts representing Chinese-made consumer goods in the USA. A survey of newspaper reporting on two key events involving Chinese imports (pet food and toys) reveals that in both eras, cases of ‘yellow peril’ involve narratives of domesticity threatened by potentially contaminating contact with an essentialized China. The paper demonstrates how the global movement of goods serves as a powerful bearer of racializing categories in the terrain of American consumerism and domesticity. Media narratives about consumer welfare and the threatened American consumer provide the moral anchor for a larger story about US national interest and ‘proper’ capitalism in the context of China's ‘rise’.

Passing for Solitude: Incest and Ideology in the Lone Star State

John Sayles's Lone Star, released in 1996, repeatedly challenges traditional definitions of the nation as a strictly bounded entity through its depiction of the area that Américo Paredes described as “Greater Mexico” and Gloria Anzaldúa more recently referred to as the Borderlands; the film's promotion of a potentially productive love affair between half-siblings further challenges the status quo. As I argue here, however, while the film undeniably underscores the fragility of the nation in an era of global trade and travel, it also suggests the difficulties of escaping nation-based ideologies and interests. As I will show, Lone Star in fact highlights the ongoing importance of the nation-state through its attention to the institutions and individuals that Louis Althusser associates with state apparatuses, ultimately pointing to the fraught nature of avoiding the influence of the nation as a construct.

Risky Trade: Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Risky Trade: Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Risky Trade: Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Contents: Foreword, Dr. David Heymann Introduction reversing the microscope The global express Elusive enterics New agents with speed Stealth agents a slow and deadly The global express and intentional harm Primary prevention Technical armor Preventing global outbreaks The future of the global express: promise or peril for people? References Additional resources Index.

Book Review: Risky Trade: Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Book Review: Risky Trade: Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Risky trade: infectious disease in the era of global trade

Risky trade: infectious disease in the era of global trade

Risky Trade - Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Contents: Foreword, Dr. David Heymann Introduction reversing the microscope The global express Elusive enterics New agents with speed Stealth agents a slow and deadly The global express and intentional harm Primary prevention Technical armor Preventing global outbreaks The future of the global express: promise or peril for people? References Additional resources Index.

Risky Trade - Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade Risky Trade - Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Risky Trade - Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade Risky Trade - Infectious Disease in the Era of Global Trade

Across the Great Divide

Some 30 or 40 years ago, when computers were becoming established in business and government, these new machines drew complaints from people who disliked the standardization that they imposed. Global trade has indeed destroyed local industries but, at the same time, it has generally given the world a higher standard of living. Like the computer age, the era of global trade has come with a new sense of standardization. Trade agreements are technical documents that include lengthy sections of technical definitions, rules, and standards. Hence, it is probably not surprising that the goods and services that have moved most easily from economy to economy and from culture to culture are those that are easily standardized