Equity Of Public Services Research Articles

Improving service accessibility and equity for sustainable development goals without newly facilities by rural settlement reconstruction

Ensuring the provision of accessible, affordable, and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the face of escalating urbanization and a dwindling rural populace in China, reconstructing rural settlements to enhance public service accessibility has become a fundamental strategy for achieving the SDGs in rural areas. However, few studies have examined the optimal methods for rural settlement reconstruction that ensure accessible and equitable public services while considering multiple existing facilities and service provisions. This paper focuses on rural settlement reconstruction in the context of the SDGs, employing an inverted MCLP-CC (maximal coverage location problem for complementary coverage) model to identify optimal rural settlements and a rank-based method for their relocation. Conducted in Changyuan, a county-level city in Henan Province, China, this study observed significant enhancements in both accessibility and equity following rural settlement reconstruction by utilizing the MH3SFCA (modified Huff 3-step floating catchment area) and the spatial Lorenz curve method. Remarkably, these improvements were achieved without the addition of new facilities, with the accessibility increasing by 44.21%, 4.97%, and 3.11%; Gini coefficients decreasing by 19.53%, 1.64%, and 3.18%; Ricci-Schutz coefficients decreasing by 21.09%, 2.09%, and 4.33% for educational, medical, and cultural and sports facilities, respectively. It indicated that rural settlement reconstruction can bolster the accessibility and equity of public services by leveraging existing facilities. This paper provides a new framework for stakeholders to better reconstruct rural settlements and promote sustainable development in rural areas in China.

Myanmar Budget Dynamics and Their Effect on Multiple Performances of Public Service Delivery: A Multilevel Approach

A public budget consists of financial input for implementing governmental operations. It is generally expected that financial resources will increase organizational performance because they can be used to obtain other types of resources. This study aims to make a theoretical contribution to the punctuated equilibrium theory literature by examining how the different patterns of budget changes affected the competing dimensions of public service performance (3Es: efficiency, effectiveness, and equity) before and after the Myanmar budget reform in 2011. We collected a two-level dataset including budget allocation data at the ministry level and public service providers’ perceptions of performance at the individual level and employed multilevel modeling. Our results show that the effectiveness of public services can be improved by increasing a significant amount of budget allocation (positive punctuations), but this has no effect on efficiency or equity. However, any level of budget reduction can decrease the efficiency and equity of public services.

Hilangnya Retribusi Daerah Terkait Layanan Virtual Office

This research discusses the loss of regional fees related to virtual office services, which is very important to do. The loss of regional fees in virtual office services is the main focus of attention for local governments because it can have an impact on regional financial revenues and limitations in providing public facilities for the community. In the context of virtual office services, regional fees should be paid by service providers to local governments as a form of contribution to regional development and equity in public services. This regional fee is a certain licensing fee that must be imposed on virtual office service providers. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to find out the form of responsibility of virtual office service providers regarding the loss of regional fees. In this study, the method applied is normative research method which combines two approaches, namely the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The results of the analysis of this study are that virtual offices that neglect their obligations in making regional retribution payments either intentionally or as a result of digital system errors must still be held responsible for these actions. The form of accountability carried out by the virtual office is in the form of fines and imprisonment which are regulated in written regulations set by the government

Equity in Public Services: A Systematic Literature Review

AbstractSince the New Administration perspective was introduced by Dwight Waldo, equity has played a key role in public administration and public policy studies. Much research has focused on employment, politics, jurisprudence, voting and many other issues, while neglecting the role of public services. As gross societal inequities in the world still abound, this article aims at mapping the structure of the knowledge on equity in public services as well as the main conceptualizations and determinants of equity. Quantitative (bibliometrix) and qualitative (narrative) analyses are combined in the analysis of 145 articles from 69 journals. The greatest concentration areas and main drivers of equity (i.e., representative bureaucracy, administrative burden, horizontal and vertical decentralization, privatization, co‐production and performance management) are identified. The review contributes to the advancement of social equity in public administration scholarship and practice by improving the conceptual clarity of the term and by mapping the various literature streams.

The effects of privatisation on the equity of public services: evidence from China

This article investigates the relationship between privatisation and equity, and considers the extent to which measures to reverse privatisation have improved citizens’ access to public services. The Coefficient of Variation (CV) method is used to measure equity, and the multiple regression method is adopted to test the relationship between privatisation and equity. The findings confirm that there is a negative relationship between market access and equity, an inverted U-shape relationship between competition and equity, and a positive relationship between ownership and equity. In addition, the findings demonstrate that privatisation reversal does not have a clear impact on equity.

Market-Type Mechanisms and Public Service Equity: A Review of Experiences in European Public Services

In seeking to benefit from the competitive pressures exerted through marketization, governments have hoped to gain improvements in public service efficiency. Yet, concerns remain about the effects of marketization on how equitably public services are provided. We consider evidence about the relationship between the introduction of market-type mechanisms in the European public sector and the efficiency and equity of service provision. Our analysis reveals that although market-type mechanisms sometimes result in worse service equity, there is only weak evidence of a trade-off between efficiency and equity.

Pakistan, politics and polio

Pakistan, politics and polio

New Labour, equity and public services: a Rawlsian perspective

The UK government has repeatedly stressed its commitment to equity in public services. It is difficult to test this commitment in many policy arenas, but it can be achieved more readily in services where a balance has to be struck between state and individual financing and provision. This article uses the example of long-term care for older people to illustrate the arguments. A modified form of Rawls' Difference Principle is employed to characterise the positions of the government and its critics in long-term care and in other policies.