Equipment Procedures Research Articles

Using Artificial Intelligence for Competitive Procurements: Legal Regulation Issues

Objective: to substantiate the promising directions of legal regulation of relations in the use of artificial intelligence technologies in competitive (commercial and public) procurement.Methods: the study was conducted using induction, synthesis, analogy, decomposition of problems and generalization of conclusions. The reasoning was based on the experience of a complex procurement of high-tech equipment. This real-life example was considered as an experimental model for the study and subsequent prediction of the potential use of artificial intelligence technologies in competitive procurement procedures.Results: advantages and potential risks of using artificial intelligence technologies in procurement work were formulated; recommendations on regulating such use were given. The authors highlighted recommendations of general legal nature concerning the legal personality and delictual capacity of artificial intelligence and proposed the wordings for new norms and options for regulating the use of new procurement tools. It was proved that artificial intelligence technologies, if used thoughtfully, may not only improve the work quality and significantly reduce organizational costs, but also help to develop the basic principles of regulated procurement: transparency of procedures, development of competition for contracts between qualified suppliers, reasonableness of decisions, and economic efficiency of the customer’s expenditures.Scientific novelty: despite a large number of works devoted to both the problems of artificial intelligence in general and its use in procurement in particular, the article considers this topic on the basis of mainly inductive reasoning, built on handling a particular case and experience of complex procurement for knowledge-intensive research, refracted through the prism of essential correlation between the basic concepts of “digitalization”, “automation”, “robotization” and so on.Practical significance: the directions of using artificial intelligence described in this paper can be implemented by corporate and, in the future, by public customers to improve the quality of their procurement. At the same time, the recommendations on the normative regulation of such innovation seem to be in demand both at the legislative and local levels.

Global techno-economic analysis of MBR for hospital wastewater treatment

This study comprehensively examines and characterizes global membrane bioreactor (MBR) practices for hospital wastewater treatment, focusing on development trends, technical performance (pollutant removal and carbon emissions), and economic costs, including both capital expenditures (CAPEX) for civil engineering and equipment procurement, and operational expenditures (OPEX) for electricity, membrane replacement, labor, and chemical costs, as well as system footprint. The results show that MBR has been widely used for hospital wastewater treatment for over two decades, with global applications and scales significantly increasing, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. A notable shift in membrane types has occurred, with hollow fiber membranes dominating before 2010 and flat inorganic membranes gaining prominence after 2020. MBR not only effectively removes conventional pollutants but also greatly reduces pathogens, ARBs and ARGs before disinfection, thus alleviating the subsequent disinfection burden. In addition, MBR is a crucial step in the process of completely removing emerging contaminants (ECs) that pose significant environmental and health risks. The CAPEX of MBR has decreased at the technical level in recent years. MBR requires only 62 % and 21 % of footprint for conventional activated sludge (CAS) and biofilm-based processes, respectively. MBR's land-saving advantage offsets the CAPEX gap with CAS in high land-cost areas. From before 2010 to after 2020, membrane costs saw the largest reduction in OPEX, dropping by 71 %, while electricity consumption saw a 10.71 % reduction, now comparable to biofilm-based processes. Currently, MBR's OPEX (0.158 USD/m3) is only slightly higher than that of biological contact oxidation (0.138 USD/m3). MBR also minimizes sludge production, reducing both treatment costs and associated disposal risks. MBR exhibit minimal concerns of excessive carbon emissions, with a carbon emission intensity (1.11 kg CO2eq·m−3), only slightly higher than biofilm-based processes (0.92 kg CO2eq·m−3). This study demonstrates that MBR is the valuable and practical solution for hospital wastewater treatment, as well as a preferred choice for upgrading existing facilities.

A comprehensive quantitative lifecycle cost and environmental impact analysis model for computing infrastructure

This paper presents a comprehensive quantitative model for quantitative assessment of the lifecycle costs and environmental impacts of computing infrastructure, with a focus on internet data centers (IDCs) and high-performance computing (HPC) facilities. The key innovation lies in the integration of interdisciplinary cost evaluation and carbon emission methods for the establishment of this quantitative model. This framework, which outlines key cost components and carbon emission factors, enables the calculation of total costs, electricity expenses, and greenhouse gas emissions throughout the lifecycle of infrastructure. With IDCs as a case study, the research clarifies the intricate cost structure associated with equipment procurement, energy usage, land acquisition, and operational expenses. This paper provides an in-depth understanding of the cost structure and environmental impact of computing infrastructure in support of sustainable decision-making in its development.•Based on established cost estimation methods, such as Lifecycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) and the Analogous Estimating Method, this study examines costs across construction and operation phases.•The Emission Factor Method is used to quantify environmental impact, emphasizing the significance of regional energy mix and power usage effectiveness (PUE).

Identifying bottlenecks in the medical equipment procurement process of central equipment procurement agency of government of India (GOI) and suggesting remedial measures

BackgroundProcurement of equipments is a time-consuming process with an invariably long lead time due to a long procurement procedure. Long lead time may sometimes result in the procurement of an old equipment and may affect the modernization drive of any healthcare organization. Especially in Govt hospitals, it is noted with concern that there is a long lead time in equipment procurement. MethodsThe study was conducted on procurement processes of 4 different hospitals of Public and Private Health sector. The study compared the timelines in different stages of the procurement process i.e. Acceptance of Necessity (AON) to Tender stage, Tender to Technical bid opening (TBO) stage, TBO to Final Bid opening (FBO) stage and FBO to Supply Order (SO) stage. ResultsThis study on the medical equipment procurement process of the Central Govt organisation highlights significant delays, particularly between TBO to FBO stage, compared to much shorter durations in state health services and private hospital. Time taken by Central Govt organisation is more as compared to other healthcare organisations and the findings are statistically significant with p value less than 0.05. ConclusionThe study identifies major bottlenecks, including technical evaluation and retendering due to non-compliance with technical requirements, and suggests that detailed technical specifications, vendor compliance matrix and pre bid meetings, can mitigate these issues. The study also recommends regular training for personnel involved in procurement, enhancing inherent financial powers of competent financial authorities (CFA) and speedy process of files by integrated financial advisors (IFA).

Herausforderungen einer neuen Sicherheitslage für Deutschland – eine finanzwissenschaftliche Perspektive

Abstract This article addresses the challenges of the new security situation that Germany faces against the background of current geopolitical conflicts and the potential weakening of US security guarantees for Europe. The article counteracts the widespread idea that more money and more soldiers are necessary and automatically lead to an increase in military power. Instead, the article argue that the financial resources spent on the military sector need to be used more efficiently. The article discusses reform options that concern different fields, e.g. the organisation of military defence in Europe, the procurement of military equipment and the recruiting of soldiers.

Agro-Processing Value Chains Mapping and Technology Needs Assessment for Nyeri County, Kenya

A sectoral value chain mapping of the County Government of Nyeri, Kenya was initiated and implemented with regard to agro-processing of various forms of plant resources: food crops, textile/natural products, honey/animal feeds/ bio-energy/ICT, environment & biotechnology, essential oils, engineering services and Blue Economy. In this case, the following value-chain processes were assessed: Tea, Coffee; Oil crops; Banana & Dairy products with the support of service providers and prototypic environments. It also looked into value-addition practices and other cross-cutting factors. The cross-sectional study uncovered distinctions and issues including variability in the power supply, absence of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), minimal value addition, existence of counterfeit inputs, and unsuitable equipment. Recommendations include provision of standby power supply, provision of standard operating procedures, potential innovation in value addition, procurement of adequate equipment, and formulation of measures concerning genuine farm inputs. Therefore, by providing an enabling environment and putting into practice the strategies articulated in the study, sustainable agricultural-based growth and hence economic development in Nyeri County will be inevitably achieved under the Kenya Vision 2030.

NATO Support and Procurement Agency: a Powerful Instrument of Collaborative Logistics

The paper evaluates the level of cooperation between the Ministry of Defence and the NATO Support and Procurement Agency (NSPA) in the field of procurement of military equipment. In the practical part, the results of the research on the level of participation of Czech-based suppliers in NSPA activities between 2018 and 2022 are presented. Pareto analysis comparing the participation of the Czech and international companies in contracts implemented by NSPA in terms of their subject, quantity and financial value is used. Qualitative case studies from three different areas illustrate in which NSPA projects the Czech Republic has already been involved in and which benefits and risks are associated with this cooperation for the MoD. Positives and drawbacks in the process of acquiring military equipment in-house and opportunities and threats that may arise from the acquisition of military equipment through the NSPA are summarised in the form of the SWOT analysis. Finally, recommendations are presented on how to improve the cooperation between the MoD and the NSPA in the field of acquisition.

Import substitution of elevator equipment in public procurements: problems and directions of stimulation

The problem of import substitution is relevant for any country, taken into account the requirements of its economic self-sufficiency, independence on the situation at the international markets and on geopolitical changes. For Ukraine in the state of full-scale war, this task is important from the viewpoints of economic resilience and security. For this reason, the Government determined the substitution of import components in public procurements as one of the priorities of its activity. Solving this problem will be important for the projects associated with the procurement for the recovery of infrastructure in post-war period. The sector of elevator equipment production has a significant industrial potential for the post-war recovery of infrastructure in Ukraine. Extension of industrial capacity of this segment of machine building in order to cover the domestic market requirements in post-war recovery period will enable new job creation and will provide a multiplicative effect based on the development of complementary suppliers of production components. However, a number of problems prevents Ukrainian elevator equipment producers from winning in public procurements. The goal of the article is to substantiate the reasonability and to determine the directions and stimulating measures for elevator equipment import substitution in public procurements in Ukraine. The market of elevator equipment of Ukraine has been analyzed. The capacity of Ukrainian elevator equipment producers to compete at the domestic market has been assessed based on price, warranty terms, cost of warranty service, and quality of equipment. Public procurement of elevator equipment and maintenance services in “Prozorro” system has been studied. It was found that about 70 % of public procurements of elevator equipment account for the purchases of imported equipment from Turkey and China. The problems of domestic producers of elevator equipment preventing them from winning the public procurement have been explained. The multiplicative effect from the increase of public procurements of elevator equipment from national producers has been assessed. This proves the reasonability to stimulate import substitution of elevator equipment in public procurements. The directions and measures of elevator equipment import substitution stimulation in public procurements in Ukraine have been suggested.

How hospital autonomy affects provider payment reform effectiveness.

Provider payment reforms (PPRs) have demonstrated mixed results for improving health system efficiency. Since PPRs require health care organisations to interpret and implement policies, the organizational characteristics of hospitals may affect the effectiveness of PPRs. Hospitals with more autonomy have the flexibility to respond to PPRs more efficiently, but they may not if the autonomy previously facilitated behaviours that counter the PPR's objective. This study examines whether hospitals with higher autonomy responds to PPRs more effectively. We used data from a matched-pair, cluster randomized controlled PPR intervention in a resource-limited Chinese province between 2014 and 2018. The intervention reformed the reimbursement method from the publicly administered New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) from fee-for-service to global budget. We interacted measures of hospital autonomy over surplus, hiring, and procurement (drugs, consumables, equipment, and overall index) with the difference-in-difference estimator to examine how autonomy moderated the intervention's effect. Autonomy over surplus (p<0.01) and procurement of equipment (p<0.01) were associated with relatively faster NCMS expenditure growth, demonstrating worse PPR response. They were also associated with higher expenditure shifting to out-of-pocket expenditures (p>0.05). Post hoc analysis suggests that hospitals with surplus autonomy had higher OOP per admission (p<0.01), suggesting profiteering tendencies. Other dimensions of autonomy demonstrated imprecise association. Hospitals with more autonomy may not necessarily respond more effectively to PPRs that incentivise efficiency when they had previously been encouraged to maximise profit. Policymakers should assess the extent of perverse incentives before granting autonomy and adjust the incentives accordingly.

Subcontractor / Foreman Procurement Management Strategy for Building Projects on Quality and Time Performance (Case Study: PT WIKA Gedung, Tbk)

The development of the construction sector in Indonesia continues to experience very rapid growth over time. One aspect of success in development is through developing competent workforce performance. Accuracy in the selection of subcontractors/foremen carried out by the person in charge of the project must be given great attention, so that there are no disputes between the two parties which could hamper the implementation of the construction project. This research aims to determine the extent of implementation of the analysis of factors that influence subcontractor/foreman management strategies in PT construction projects. WIKA Gedung, Tbk can be applied. In this research, interviews, observations and questionnaires were conducted which were distributed to 79 employees of PT WIKA Gedung, Tbk consisting of Project Managers and Heads of the Commercial / Equipment Procurement Section to obtain test data.The data obtained is through variable and that measured it, variable X (Subcontractor/Foreman Procurement Management Strategy) and Variable Y1 (Schedule Performance) as well as Variable Y2 (Quality Performance) with several methods using, Correlation Analysis, Regression Analysis and Quality Test.

Sterile gown and drape, and bouffant cap for thyroid FNA: preventing infections or producing unnecessary medical waste?

Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a very low-risk procedure. Despite this, there remains great variability in the use of protective equipment. Given the monetary and environmental costs of protective equipment, the difference in infection rates with full versus limited protective equipment was assessed. A total of 857 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed after undergoing thyroid FNAs at the main hospital and outpatient clinic siteperformed from 12/1/2020 to 11/30/2023. The hospital site operated with full protective equipment (bouffant, sterile gown, sterile gloves, and full body sterile drape), and the outpatient site with limited (sterile gloves, limited sterile paper drape) protective equipment. Two patients were excluded as no procedure was performed. Review for signs of infection within 30days of procedure was performed using medical records, which was blinded to the extent of protective equipment utilization. No infections were identified in either group, with 0/629 (0%, 95%CI 0-1%) in the full protective equipment group vs. 0/226 (0%, 95%CI 0-2%) in the limited protective equipment group. There was no statistically significant difference in infection rate between full and limited protective equipment use in thyroid FNA in the included 855 procedures (95%CI 0-1%). Two patients out of 629 (0.3%) in the full protective equipment group developed mild allergic reaction to topical antiseptic. The 226 procedures with limited protective equipment represent a saving of at least 204,530g of CO2 equivalents, equivalent to driving a car for almost 3000 miles. Reducing the extent of protective equipment does not adversely affect the infection rate in thyroid FNAs. Given the inherent costs involved in the procurement and waste of protective equipment, reducing protective equipment use is warranted to reduce both the monetary and environmental impacts of waste.

The study of problems and priority areas for improving procurement in health care

Public procurement in the healthcare system (HCS) is a key factor in ensuring the viability of medical institutions and the quality of medical and pharmaceutical care they provide. The problem of improving the public procurement system has not lost its relevance in recent years, but it is considered mainly in the theoretical and applied aspect. Sociological research (questionnaire) as an effective tool for collecting information allows to explore the opinion of professionals who directly procure essential medicines, medical devices (MDs) and other equipment on the problems that are associated with the procurement planning and conducting processes. It will also help to identify possible ways to improve the efficiency of procurement in the healthcare system, in particular under martial law. The purpose of the study is to investigate the state and problems of organizing centralized and decentralized public procurement of medicines and medical devices, as well as to identify priority areas for their improvement. The survey made it possible to determine the current state and key problems in the sector of medical procurement at different levels of healthcare provision. The survey showed that the most commonly procured medicines, medical devices, reagents, test systems, and medical equipment are the most frequently used. When forming a need, the majority of respondents (84.4%) operate flexibly, depending on the situation, 9.4% use the consumption method, and 6.2% use the incidence method. At the same time, 56.3% of respondents are based on available financial resources, 25% rely on the list of medicines. The survey made it possible to identify the problems that arise in public procurement. These are, first of all, restrictions on procurement according to the National List (56.3%), non-fulfillment/violation of contract terms (18.8%), and creation of artificial obstacles (12.5%). If necessary, procurement of medicines not included in the National List is guided by protocols, state or local formularies. According to the survey, 50% of respondents emphasize the creation of a single list, while 6.3% of respondents are strongly against it. The areas of improvement of the public procurement system proposed by the respondents relate primarily to the regulatory framework (simplification and systematization, stability of the regulatory framework, in particular, regulatory lists; raising thresholds and expanding procurement through the e-catalog; expanding the use of non-price criteria; improving the procedures for procurement of high-value equipment and innovative medical technologies.

Effective Laboratory Management: Efforts to Improve Science Education Management in Islamic Boarding Schools

Effective laboratory management can be applied as an effort to improve science education management in secondary schools. This study aims to explore effective laboratory management as an effort to improve science education management at MA Citra Cendekia South Jakarta. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and laboratory staff, and analysis of related documents. The results showed that effective laboratory management involves several important aspects, namely careful planning, procurement and maintenance of adequate laboratory equipment, and competency development of teachers and laboratory technicians. In addition, collaboration between science teachers and laboratory staff in designing and conducting experiments also contributes significantly to improving the quality of science learning. The implementation of good laboratory management at MA Citra Cendekia South Jakarta is proven to be able to increase student learning motivation, improve understanding of science concepts, and produce more interactive and contextualised learning. This study concludes that effective laboratory management is one of the key factors in improving the quality of science education in Islamic educational institutions.

Digital Entrepreneurship: Typography T-shirt Design Production in SMA Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan

The purpose of this community service activity is to answer the problems at SMA Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan: the lack of interest in digital-based entrepreneurship, the lack of knowledge and skills of students in digital entrepreneurship practices so that students do not always lead to conventional entrepreneurship, limited capital in providing equipment, renting online platforms, and marketing costs, and the lack of commitment in understanding and implementing digital entrepreneurship, both from students and schools. This activity was carried out with three methods, namely equipment procurement, training, design assistance, and assistance in selling T-shirts at the market. The results of the activity include the availability of typography t-shirts with creative writings and then the t-shirts are marketed online in marketplaces, such as Shopee and Tokopedia. Currently, 50 t-shirts with typography designs have been marketed. The typography t-shirt design production development program at SMA Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan aims to enhance inclusive industries and encourage innovation through digital entrepreneurship training for students. The main priorities are the procurement of digital platforms, typography t-shirt production training, and the enhancement of digital entrepreneurship interest and knowledge in school.

Financial Optimization Management and Equipment Procurement Risk Analysis of New Energy Photovoltaic Power Generation Project

As renewable energy gains momentum and energy structures evolve, photovoltaic power generation projects assume greater significance in the energy sector. This paper aims to explore financial optimization strategies and procurement risks in new energy PV projects, offering countermeasures. Firstly, an in-depth study of PV project finance reveals potential issues during operation. Cost control, income optimization, and capital management strategies are proposed to ensure economic viability and long-term profitability. Secondly, a systematic analysis of equipment procurement risks in PV projects considers factors like market volatility, technological advancements, and supply chain challenges. Comprehensive risk management measures are put forward to mitigate these risks. These measures cover supplier selection, contract management, technical monitoring and other aspects, aiming at minimizing the uncertainty in the procurement process and ensuring the equipment quality and reliability of the project. Finally, based on actual cases, this paper verifies the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed optimal management and risk analysis methods by comparing the effects of different financial management and equipment procurement strategies. Through these studies, this paper aims to provide useful reference for investors, managers and decision makers of new energy photovoltaic power generation projects, and promote them to make more scientific and reasonable financial management and equipment procurement decisions in the process of project implementation.

Optimization decomposition of manufacturing tasks and equipment cycle ordering based on cost control

In the manufacturing process, there are a large number of complex tasks, and refining them into smaller subtasks can better handle and schedule them. By dividing tasks into smaller units and understanding the characteristics and requirements of each subtask, targeted control and optimization can be carried out. Reasonably arranging the procurement and usage cycle of equipment based on changes in demand and production capacity can avoid waste caused by idle and excessive use of equipment, and maximize the utilization of equipment resources to reduce production costs. The aim of this study is to explore the method of manufacturing task optimization decomposition and equipment cycle ordering based on cost control, in order to optimize the cost-effectiveness of the manufacturing process. The task decomposition and equipment cycle ordering process are abstracted into mathematical models, and corresponding optimization objectives and constraints are formulated based on the characteristics of the models. Then, optimization algorithms are used to solve the model and find the optimal task decomposition and equipment cycle ordering strategy. The experimental results show that the use of cost control based manufacturing task optimization decomposition and equipment cycle ordering methods has achieved significant improvements in cost-effectiveness.

Juridical Analysis of The Role of The Sea and Coast Guard in Improving Maritime Security and The Environment

Maritime security and environmental protection in Indonesian waters, especially in Tanjung Uban, are strategic issues considering the high level of shipping activities and potential threats to marine ecosystems. This study focuses on the juridical analysis of the role of the Marine and Coast Guard Unit (KPLP) in improving maritime security and environmental protection, with a case study at the Tanjung Uban Class II Marine and Coast Guard Base. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of the duties and functions of the KPLP based on the existing legal framework, identify the obstacles faced, and provide recommendations to improve the performance of the KPLP. The research method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, including document studies, field observations, and interviews with related parties. The results of the study show that although KPLP Tanjung Uban has a strong legal foundation, the implementation of their duties and functions is still not optimal. The main obstacles include limited resources such as adequate personnel and equipment, lack of continuous training which results in low personnel competence, and ineffective coordination with related agencies such as the Indonesian Navy and Bakamla. The low awareness and compliance with safety and environmental regulations among maritime industry players also exacerbates the situation. Based on these findings, this study provides several suggestions. For KPLP, an increase in the budget is needed for the procurement of resources and equipment, as well as continuous training for personnel. For the public, especially ship owners and other users of waters, it is important to increase awareness and compliance with maritime and environmental regulations through active participation in education and socialization programs. Meanwhile, the government must strengthen coordination between relevant agencies through the establishment of regular coordination forums and integrated information systems, to ensure better synergy in surveillance, law enforcement, and emergency response in the waters of Tanjung Uban. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to improving maritime security and environmental protection in Indonesia, as well as becoming a reference for the development of more effective policies and strategies in the management of water areas

Evaluation of solid medical waste management system in Undata Regional General Hospital, Palu city, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Waste is an environmental problem that is still not fully resolved properly even though the resulting impact has a major effect on environmental pollution, especially solid medical waste. The purpose of this study was to assess the characteristics of solid medical waste at Undata Hospital based on its sources and types, calculate the average weight of solid medical waste generated per day, and evaluate the solid medical waste management system with sorting, packaging, collection and transportation modes in accordance with the criteria of Permen of Environment and Forestry Number 56 of 2015 and Permenkes Number 2 of 2023. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. This research was conducted in August-September 2023. The sampling technique in this study used Purposive Sampling, with 18 informants selected from each unit/room/installation at Undata Hospital, Palu City. Based on the results of the study, it was found that every day Undata Palu Hospital produces domestic waste as much as ± 270 kg / day. The results of the evaluation of the solid medical waste management system at Undata Palu Hospital show that basically it is quite effective but not optimal, because the storage process shows non-compliance with the guidelines for medical waste management by the Ministry of Health Number 2 of 2023, namely storage in TPS which should not be more than 2x24 hours, but in fact the accumulation of solid medical waste is stored for 1 month in the LB3 TPS due to delays in transportation by third parties. This causes a large amount of solid waste in the TPS so that the TPS becomes full and dangerous because the waste undergoes a process of decomposition and decay, which is harmful to the environment and human health. Undata Hospital needs to maximize the procurement of internal medical waste processing equipment (incineration equipment) which needs to be supported by the Environmental Agency and the relevant Health Office to prevent environmental pollution from medical activities.

Cooperative game theory approach towards capital equipment procurement in construction projects: a concrete batch plant case study

This study explores how contractors can benefit from joint resource procurement in construction projects, particularly in case with capital-intensive ones. Capital equipment is costly and has a long beneficial life compared to other resources; hence, minimizing its long-term costs is pivotal. Also, the lack of open dialogue under a legal structure in projects may deprive project participants from many beneficial partnering opportunities. Given this background, a comprehensive framework based on cooperative game theory is introduced to form a systematic partnership among contracting parties to share their capital equipment. Cooperative game theory is suggested as the basis for increase the gains to all parties and fair and efficient allocation of the incremental benefits of cooperation. The proposed flowchart is then applied to a real-world project and various coalitional cooperative game theory solutions for dividing gains equitably, from sharing a site-located concrete batch plant among three contractors are evaluated and the most stable cost allocation is identified. Results reveal that with the application of this cooperative procurement, the three contractors can achieve an average of twenty three percent considerable savings through practical alliance that deliver vast improvements in project productivity and performance.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Delays in the Implementation of the Meninting Dam Construction Project, West Lombok Regency

The Meninting Dam Construction Project is part of the National Strategic Project (PSN). Delays can occur in any project, including the construction of the Meninting Dam in West Lombok. This study aims to identify and analyze risk factors impacting the project, determine the risks classified as dominant major risks, and evaluate the residual risks of the Meninting Dam construction project to formulate risk responses that minimize the impact on the project. The study employs the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Probability Impact Matrix (PIM) methods and uses related sources as theoretical foundations. Based on the study results, the Meninting Dam project identified four factors that most significantly affect delays using the FTA method: 1) “Delay in decision-making by the owner,” probability = 17.443%, 2) “Lack of control over work by Construction Management,” probability = 13.771%, 3) “Inadequate planning and control by the Contractor,” probability = 17.207%, and 4) “Weather intensity or high rainfall/heat,” probability = 13.041%. From the identification, four dominant risk variables with high risk levels were obtained using the PIM method: 1) Objections from local residents regarding land acquisition, 2) Delays in material arrival, 3) Delays in procurement of work equipment, and 4) High rainfall causing uncompact soil to become landslides. The risk mitigation category used in this study is risk reduction. The assessment of residual risk shows that of the four risks initially at a high level, these risks decreased after risk mitigation, with two risks becoming moderate and two risks becoming low.