Use Of Equipment Research Articles

Economic Shocks From the Novel COVID-19 Pandemic for Anesthesiologists and Their Practices.

Economic Shocks From the Novel COVID-19 Pandemic for Anesthesiologists and Their Practices.

DIRECTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF TRAINING OF POLICE STAFF

The scientific article examines the issues of areas of international cooperation in the field of police training. Emphasis is placed on the best practices of Western Europe, the United States and Canada. At first it was emphasized that in modern conditions there is a rapid development of international relations on the principles of integration and mutual enrichment, and not on the terms of rigid differentiation. It is determined that the interaction is especially evident in the field of international cooperation of European law enforcement agencies. The author found that international police cooperation is carried out in several main areas: 1) assistance in training for foreign law enforcement agencies; 2) joint research of problems of struggle against offenses; 3) exchange of experience in the field of police training; 4) provision of logistical and advisory assistance. Emphasis is placed on the fact that an important factor is the recognition by the international community among other areas and the need for cooperation in the field of personnel training. The author formulates the main directions of international cooperation in the field of police training, in particular: integration into international bodies and organizations in the field of police training; integration into international police educational institutions; integration into the education system of leading foreign educational institutions, study of experience, analysis of the work of structural units, study of the scale of social activity, the field of scientific research, etc .; creating conditions for the development of police education in a particular country with the help of international partners and the experience of foreign countries; provision-receipt on a mutual, and more often on a unilateral basis to foreign colleagues of means of equipment, communication, equipment for use in police training. Finally, it is noted that the most intensive and effective police cooperation is carried out by the police of highly developed countries with similar economic, political and social conditions, similar legal attitudes and principles of law enforcement.

Automatski uređaj za prihranu domaćih i divljih životinja na pašnjacima

This paper presents a prototype of an automatic feeder for domestic and wild animals in organic farming. A simple, self-contained domestic and wild animal feeder was presented that has fully autonomous operation for up to 60 days. Electricity can be supplied from the mains and from photo voltaic cells max 100 W. The food dosing process of the container can be done one or more times a day. The amount of food to be added can be selected, ie the same amount of concentrated food is dosed each day, or the amount of dosed food is increased or decreased over time. The results of testing the operation of the equipment in use were conducted on a single farm with several cows in organic farming. The monitoring of work in the period from May to October 2019 showed high reliability and complete independence in the operation of the automatic feeder for domestic and wild animals and that as such can be applied in organic breeding of domestic and wild animals.

Electricity Load Implications of Space Heating Decarbonization Pathways

Summary We investigate implications of building space heating decarbonization pathways across the climate-diverse United States. We compute that an “all-electric” approach could require a 70% increase in nationwide electricity system capacity. New peak loads would be highly heterogeneous (e.g., 4-fold increase in some states) with very low load factors (fewer than 100 full load hours annually). Without increasing peak loads, currently available electric heat pumps can reduce fossil fuels to 43% of total heating energy supply (currently 70%). Future advances in heat pump technology could reduce this further to 23%; however, several challenging regions would remain. We show that installing heat pumps and retaining some fossil fuel equipment for use in only the coldest weather could reduce fossil fuels to 1%–3% of heating energy while progressively reducing fossil fuel heating capacity and avoiding electricity capacity upgrades. Therefore, strategic use of legacy infrastructure could facilitate a more flexible transition to low-carbon heating.

Evolution of Directive (EC) No 128/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council Establishing a Framework for Community Action to Achieve the Sustainable Use of Pesticides

The EC Directive No 128/2009 established a regulatory framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides (phytopharmaceuticals) that entered into force in 2011. The Directive manages all aspect of pesticides approved under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 and listed in implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011 outside the approval and approval procedure, including all relevant National Action Plans (NAP), training, sales of pesticides, information awareness-raising, pesticides storage, application and equipment (i.e. inspection of equipment in use), specific practices and uses (i.e. aerial spraying), indicators and reporting on pesticide uses. This study examines the evolution of these dispositions framing the use of pesticides in Europe and the recent implementation of the harmonized risk indicators (HRI), which are expected to diminish in numbers over time. Calculation of the annual HRI values, and analysis of their evolution through the years is, therefore, for the first time, a method to quantify the evolution of the theoretical impact of pesticides at the pan-European level and to measure the progress against the original purpose of the directive, and therefore, its success.
 https://www.doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v07marchand

Existing and Projected Infrastructure Capacities Motivate Alternatives to 'All-Electric' Heating Decarbonization

We investigate implications of building space heating decarbonization pathways across the climate-diverse United States. We provide key insights that challenge the emerging consensus around an “All-Electric” approach, estimating this would require a 70% minimum increase in nationwide electricity system capacity. New capacity additions would be highly heterogeneous (e.g. fourfold increases in some states) and highly underutilized (66 equivalent full load hours annually). Fossil fuel system replacement by electric heat pumps without increasing peak loads can only reduce fossil fuels to 43% of heating energy supply (currently 70%). We show that by retaining a subset of existing fossil fuel equipment for use during the coldest weather in dual source systems that also include heat pumps, the additional heating electrification possible without exceeding current peak loads can reduce fossil fuels to 3.2% of heating energy supply. Therefore, strategic use of legacy infrastructure could facilitate a more flexible, cost-effective transition to low-carbon heating.

Nurses' Knowledge toward Care of Unconscious Adult Patients at Teaching Hospitals in Al-Hilla City

Objective: The study aims to evaluate nurses' knowledge toward care of unconscious adult patients and identify the relationship between nurses’ knowledge toward care of unconscious adult patient and their demographic characteristics of age, gender, Marital Status, level of qualification and years of experience. Methodology: A descriptive study (quantitative design) was carried out by using quasi experimental design to study nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practices toward care of unconscious adult patients at teaching hospitals in Al-Hilla City from September 2018 up to June 2019. A purposively sample has been chosen in which included 60 nurses who work in ICUs within two hospitals (Imam Al-Sadiq teaching hospital and Al-Hilla general teaching hospital). The sample has been collected by using the tool that involves four parts. The first part is demographical data for a study sample which consists of 10 items, the second part is multiple choice questions related to nurses' knowledge which consists of 32 items, The tool has been validated by 11 experts, all of them have experience more than 10 years, a reliability is determined by Crohn Bach correlation where r= 0.92 . The analyzed data have been stated during using of descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean of scores, Standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Coefficient alpha correlation and ANOVA). Results: The study showed that the majority of the participants in the study were males aged between 20-29 years of bachelor's degree in nursing. More than half of them were single and had years of experience in hospital and in intensive care unit (1-5) years, and half of the participants were doing their work in the morning and evening, within 24 hours, and the majority did not participate in training sessions on the intensive care unit. The study also showed that nurses' knowledge toward care of unconscious adult patients was enough. Recommendations: Advanced video programs, specific meetings, programs, workshops, training activities and seminars, and Booklet are should be provided for nurses on how to care of unconscious adult patients to increase their knowledge, it's recommended to the Ministry of Health to provide the necessary advanced supplies and equipment for use in intensive care units (ICUs) and It is recommended for future studies conduction.

Identifying Crucial Equipment and Skills Needed to Evacuate Critically Ill Infants During Disasters: Using Nursing Expertise to Guide Training Targets.

Unexpected disasters, such as earthquakes or fires, require preparation to address knowledge gaps that may negatively affect vulnerable patients. Training programs can promote natural disaster readiness to respond and evacuate patients safely, but also require evidence-based information to guide learning objectives. There is limited evidence on what skills and bedside equipment are most important to include in disaster training and evacuation programs for critically ill infants. An expert panel was used to create a 13-item mastery checklist of skills for bedside registered nurses (RNs) required to successfully evacuate a critically ill infant. Expert nurses were surveyed, and the Angoff method was used to determine which of the mastery checklist skills a newly graduated nurse (ie, the "minimally competent" nurse) should be able to do. Participants then rated the importance of 26 commonly available pieces of bedside equipment for use in evacuating a hemodynamically unstable, intubated infant during a disaster. Twenty-three emergency department (ED) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) charge RNs responded to the survey with a mean of 19 (SD = 9) years of experience and 30% reporting personal experience with evacuating patients. The skills list scores showed an emphasis on the newly graduated nurse having more complete mastery of skills surrounding thermoregulation, documentation, infection control, respiratory support, and monitoring. Skills for communication, decision making, and anticipating future needs were assessed as less likely for a new nurse to have mastered. On a scale of one (not important) to seven (critically important), the perceived necessity of equipment ranged from a low of 1.6 (breast pump) to a high of 6.9 (face mask). The individual intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.55 showed moderate reliability between raters and the average team ICC of 0.97 showed excellent agreement as a group. Experts rated the ability to manage physiological issues, such as thermoregulation and respiratory support, as skills that every nurse should master. Disaster preparedness activities for nurses in training may benefit from checklists of essential equipment and skills to ensure all nurses can independently manage patients' physiologic needs when they enter the workforce. Advanced nursing training should include education on decision making, communication during emergencies, and anticipation of future issues to ensure that charge and resource nurses can support bedside nurses during evacuation events.

Power System Harmonics

Good power quality is essential in electrical power network. Power quality is not limited to availability of supply but also include steady frequency value and voltage magnitude and smooth waveform characteristics of the supply (Ogheneovo Johnson, 2016).The present situation of poor power quality in industrial and commercials sites, especially harmonics had created some form of attention to one of the power problems in the world; harmonics. This situation is as a result of the growth in the use of non-linear loads. The increase in the use of non-linear load had brought about the tight recommendations of IEEE standard 519 especially in the industrial and commercial sector (Robert G.Ellis, 2011).In practical terms, power quality can be defined as the rate at which the essential power parameters magnitude which are voltage, frequency and current deviates from the nominal values and can cause damage to the power infrastructure or equipment in use. In reality, there are about nine prominent power problems facing power system. These power issues are under voltage, over voltage, power sag, power surge, frequency distortion, line noise, power outage, switching transient and harmonic distortion. Power quality is said to be poor when any of the power problems is manifested within the power system.Mostly, harmonics occur as a result of alteration of the normal waveform which is generally transmitted by non-linear loads. This paper will dwell more on harmonics and its consequences in power system. Non-linear loads that cause situation of harmonics will also be reviewed in the course of this assignment. Keywords: Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Multipliers, Non-linear loads, Total Demand Distortion (TDD). DOI : 10.7176/JETP/9-3-02 Publication date :March 31 st 2019

Solar investment risk mitigation − are we all on the same page?

Currently, the PV solar sector represents approx. 2% of worldwide annual electricity production (https://webstore.iea.org/world-energy-outlook-2018), and therefore, is just at the verge of becoming visible in most countries. As the PV sector becomes increasingly visible to the next order of magnitude sometime in future, representing 20% in the electricity mix and beyond, it is now a good time to discuss reliability, predictability, and performance of PV power plants and as a consequence, the improvement potential for financial returns. Building on this train of thought, this article will provide a short introduction of PV power plant risks, predominantly related to technical performance. The question of risk mitigation measures will then be discussed: On the one side, quality assurance is a viable risk mitigation measure. However, even with quality assurance measures implemented, there are limitations when it comes to backstopping financial losses in the event that the performance deteriorates more than predicted and warranted by the manufacturers, or if the manufacturers or EPC's are no longer in business when incidental power degrades beyond calculated limits. Insurance solutions seem to provide an additional risk mitigation measure. Most insurance solutions on the market, however, only cover against externally induced risk exposures, e.g. severe weather, theft. Most of these insurance solutions follow a certain minimum standard. A few insurance products offer performance insurances where general cover is less standardized. All this triggers the question of how to look at insurance solutions. The interests of an insurance company are generally different than those of the insured stakeholders. These different viewpoints will be discussed, and selected warranty and insurance aspects will be considered. Recently, approximately 3500 insurance claim cases were statistically analyzed (http://www.pvstatlab.rwth-aachen.de/index.php/PVScan-project.html). Selected results of this analysis will be discussed. The article closes with an outlook of how insurers can likewise mitigate their risk exposure − in the end, insurers are only as good as the balance of the solvency resulting from their business model, or in the terminology of the insurance sector, the loss ratio must be at an acceptable level. This is where IECRE, the IEC System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for Use in Renewable Energy Applications (https://www.iecre.org/), offering an international standard for certification − and in future − a rating system for PV power plants on a system level comes into play.

Comparative Research on Inclusive Education in England, Germany, France and Turkey from the Perspective of Physical Activity

Abstract Different countries differently address the physical education needs of disabled children. Some focus only on the classroom learning hence equipping the children with little knowledge on physical education. Others lack the facilities to facilitate the physical education of the disabled. This has led to an increased number of the disabled with little or no knowledge about their talent in the field of sports. This paper compares access to the physical education by the disabled in England, Germany, France and Turkey. The countries were determined by taking into consideration the population and geographical conditions. Data is collected from secondary resources and compared for the countries. The paper also sheds light on the factors that hamper the provision of physical education to the disabled in the three countries. It is concluded that the education systems in Germany and England do not favor the provision of physical education to the disabled. Special educational needs are recognized in the French education system and hence the reason behind the increased number of disabled children majoring in sports. The second barrier to the provision of physical education to the disabled is the lack of facilities. In Germany, for example, there are inadequate facilities for use by disabled students while doing physical exercises. In England, the focus is on classroom learning. It is only in France where the government has provided adequate equipment for use by the disabled during physical education classes (Ardoy, et al., 2014). In Turkey there is a need to further encouragement of participation in physical activity of people with disabilities Finally, there has been a belief that the disabled have no place in the field of sports hence leading to poor financing of the special needs education by the government.

Evaluation of SF6 Leakage from Gas Insulated Equipment on Electricity Networks in Great Britain

This paper examines the data collected from the power industry over the last six years of actual reported emissions of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and the potential impact. The SF6 emissions have been collated from the 14 different regions in England, Scotland, and Wales (Great Britain) from the six distribution network operators. The emissions of SF6 due to the transmission network of Great Britain have also been collated from the three different transmission network operators. By collecting this SF6 emissions data from the power industry, in both the distribution and transmission networks, an overall view of the scale of SF6 emissions in Great Britain can be evaluated. Data from the power industry also shows the inventory of SF6 power equipment in use over the last six years in Great Britain and shows the calculated percentage leakage rate of all of this equipment. In this paper, these figures, as reported by the electrical power industry to the UK government, have been used to estimate the likely inventory of SF6 equipment in England, Scotland, and Wales by 2050 and the future emissions of SF6 that could be leaked into the atmosphere by this equipment.

Mapping the noise in a Greek general hospital

Sound pressure levels were monitored in a general hospital, in Greece, at ten indoor locations and at three outdoor locations, in the yard of the building. The selected indoor locations are representative of distinct activities that are common in every hospital, such as the emergency department, patient wards and several supporting services, like washing the clothes or the dishes. Noise levels were highly variable in each monitoring location and depended on the activities in the room, such as conversations, medical equipment in use, analytical devices or other machinery in operation. The highest noise levels that were recorded were in the blood donation unit and in the laundry room (the L10,8h was 73 and 79 dB(A) respectively), mainly due to the opening/closing of the metal lids of garbage bins in the first location and due to the wringing of the clothes in the second. Indoor background noise levels i.e. the L95,8h values, were more than 55 dB(A) and higher than the respective outdoor values (except of the L95,8h in one ward of the paediatric ward). The calculated average LEX, 8h was 69.3 dB(A), below the European Union lower exposure action limit value, i.e. 87 dB(A), that was set to prevent hearing loss of the employees. However, noise levels in the wards, in the emergency and the outpatient department were above the values suggested by international guidelines for a healing environment. Sound spectra revealed peaks in frequencies that were representative of the sources of the noise and also the presence of low frequency noise components.

Energy-efficient modulation and physical layer design for low terahertz band communication channel in 5G femtocell Internet of Things

High throughput capability of the terahertz band (0.3–10 THz) wireless communications is expected to be utilized by the fifth generation of mobile telecommunication systems and enable a plethora of new applications. Supporting devices will transfer large amounts of data in both directions, causing high energy consumption by the electronic circuitries of the equipment in use. Therefore, physical layer for these systems must be designed carefully in order to reduce energy consumption per bit. In this paper, the best performing modulation scheme and hardware parameters that minimize the energy consumption without affecting the system throughput are determined. THz band device technologies are outlined and a complete survey of the state-of-the-art low-THz band circuit blocks which are suitable for mass market production is given. It is shown that for short-range communications, M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation is the most energy-efficient technique that can lead up to 90% reduction in consumed energy. Moreover, optimal transceiver parameters which can be used to further minimize the energy consumption of the THz band system are examined.

Desenvolvimento de material didático para uso em aulas práticas de metrologia industrial

<p>In the current economic scenario of the Brazilian federal universities, it is a great challenge to acquire high resolution and high accuracy equipment for use in metrology practical classes. As an alternative, it is common the development of projects aiming the design and construction of low-cost courseware equipment. They are built within extension activities involving graduation students. This paper reports the development of two pieces of equipment for use in practical classes of the discipline “Principles of Industrial Metrology”, of the Mechanical Engineering course at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The activity was supported by the Extension Office (ProEx) and had, as a premise, the use of low-cost materials and manufacturing processes. Within the proposed scope, a universal measuring table and a linear measuring machine were developed. The constructive process allowed to verify that the exercise of simple practices is a motivating experience for the student who was directly involved in the activity and for the students who use the produced equipment.</p>

Robot-Assisted Fracture Surgery: Surgical Requirements and System Design

The design of medical devices is a complex and crucial process to ensure patient safety. It has been shown that improperly designed devices lead to errors and associated accidents and costs. A key element for a successful design is incorporating the views of the primary and secondary stakeholders early in the development process. They provide insights into current practice and point out specific issues with the current processes and equipment in use. This work presents how information from a user-study conducted in the early stages of the RAFS (Robot Assisted Fracture Surgery) project informed the subsequent development and testing of the system. The user needs were captured using qualitative methods and converted to operational, functional, and non-functional requirements based on the methods derived from product design and development. This work presents how the requirements inform a new workflow for intra-articular joint fracture reduction using a robotic system. It is also shown how the various elements of the system are developed to explicitly address one or more of the requirements identified, and how intermediate verification tests are conducted to ensure conformity. Finally, a validation test in the form of a cadaveric trial confirms the ability of the designed system to satisfy the aims set by the original research question and the needs of the users.

Factors influencing the behaviour of academics towards peer-reviewed electronic journals in Zimbabwean state universities

This study investigated the factors influencing the behaviour of academics towards peer-reviewed electronic journals at three state universities in Zimbabwe. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches using a survey research design. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires that were administered to a sample of 363 academics. The response rate was 58.4%. Qualitative data were collected through interviews that were held with nine professional librarians. Results show that barriers and other mitigating factors that negatively affect the behaviour of academics towards peer-reviewed electronic journals include inadequate infrastructure to support access to electronic journals, inefficient and slow speed of internet connections, lack of skills to navigate the electronic journals environment, challenges with off-campus access, user-unfriendly library website interfaces, and difficult-to-use electronic journal interfaces. The study concluded that state universities in Zimbabwe have not done enough to address the challenges that affect usage of electronic journals. The study recommends that universities in Zimbabwe work to eliminate all forms of barriers that discourage use of peer-reviewed electronic journals. They can lobby government for tax exemptions when importing equipment for use in electronic journals access. The private sector can also be encouraged to play a part in supporting the building of electronic journals infrastructure. Training of new academic members of staff in the access of electronic journals should be made mandatory, and refresher training instituted for previously trained academics.

Current state and main directions of innovative development of placer gold mining in Far East Federal District

Based on the assessment of the resource base of Far East region of Russia, the important role of the mining industry for most regions of Far East Federal District was noted. A decrease in the resource potential of geogenous placers has been established, therefore anthropogenic deposits of placer deposits become an important reserve of placer gold mining. Natural and technological factors that need to be taken into account when selecting and applying those technologies and mining equipment that can reduce their influence are as follows: permafrost rocks, high clayey sand deposits, large content of fine and fine fractions of gold, the presence of high content of heavy fractions of other valuable passing components, etc. A number of developed innovative technologies for development of alluvial deposits, as well as new technological equipment for use on dredges and drags, have been noted. The parameters of the technological processes of the jigging machine on the Alaska-35 washing device (USA) have been analyzed, the matrix of interacting factors (such as the shape of the particles of a mineral, particle size, particle density, height of the bed of the jigging machine, frequency of piston swings, stroke of piston, etc.), the purpose of the study is to obtain graph-analytical dependencies for calculating their rational parameters that ensure effective extraction of metals.

The IECEx System: How It Impacts the North America Hazardous Locations Industry

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for Use in Explosive Atmospheres (referred to as the IECEx System) comprises four separate schemes that provide international services to industries involved with explosive atmosphere (Ex) applications. These services include the certification of Ex equipment, service facilities, and personnel competencies along with the licensing of an IECEx mark. Since its inception in 1999 as an Ex equipment certification scheme, the IECEx system has doubled the number of participating countries and increased the number of approved certification bodies by an order of magnitude (with six from North America).

Optymalizacja procedur, dyslokacji baz i doskonalenia rozwiązań technicznych sprzętu stosowanego przez polskie służby ratownicze w zakresie przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom naturalnym ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem powodzi (rękawy przeciwpowodziowe)

Optymalizacja procedur, dyslokacji baz i doskonalenia rozwiązań technicznych sprzętu stosowanego przez polskie służby ratownicze w zakresie przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom naturalnym ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem powodzi (rękawy przeciwpowodziowe)