Processing Equipment Research Articles

Study of the Yield of Dry Cocoons from Living ones Depending on Silkiness

. It is known that one of the main factors of the modern problem of cocoon-winding production is: the low level of cocoon cultivation in the agricultural sector, the imperfection of thermophysical and technological processes in the operation of existing equipment for the primary processing of cocoons, due to the lack of scientifically based work in this direction. With modern factory cocoon reeling, it is almost impossible to unwind all the cocoons harvested during the season in a short period of time. To provide cocoon reeling factories with raw materials for year-round operation, it is necessary to protect the cocoon shells from damage by butterflies, i.e., it is necessary to preserve the cocoons, preventing the pupae from developing into butterflies. To do this, you need to either store the cocoons in conditions that exclude (or inhibit) the process of turning pupae into butterflies, or kill the pupae in the cocoons. The most common is the second method, called pickling cocoons.

The intelligent selenium-enriched tea withering control system

This paper addresses the low level of intelligence in tea processing equipment in Enshi Prefecture by designing an intelligent withering control system based on the STMicroelectronics 32-bit Microcontroller (STM32). This control system can achieve real-time monitoring of the withering environment and automate the control of heating and ventilation dehumidification modules. By integrating IoT technology, relevant users can view the tea production process via mobile devices, enabling intelligent and remote production operations. Application results show that the system operates stably, accurately measures temperature and humidity in the withering environment, and achieves a control precision of % through a fuzzy control algorithm. It effectively meets the needs of tea processing in Enshi Prefecture. The system not only optimizes traditional processing workflows, enhancing processing efficiency and tea quality, but also provides new technological means for tea processing enterprises, contributing to the development and upgrading of the local tea industry.

Simulation Model Exchange in Process Industry: Requirements, Solutions, and Open Challenges

AbstractSimulation models are crucial for various applications across the lifecycle of process plants, such as plant engineering. As the industry moves toward modularization, plant components are increasingly supplied by manufacturers who design these modular units, often called package units or process equipment assemblies. Consequently, critical knowledge about their behavior resides with the manufacturers. This paper outlines the requirements for simulation model exchange to share this behavioral knowledge. It reviews solutions and highlights challenges based on literature and case studies. Key elements include metadata, open standards, IP protection, and quality assurance. Solutions, like the asset administration shell (AAS), CAPE‐OPEN, the Functional Mock‐up Interface (FMI), encrypted models, and quality models, are discussed. Remaining gaps are highlighted.

Improving the energy efficiency of a galvanic area with a small-scale nature of production

The article considers the problems of energy efficiency of the galvanic section of an industrial enterprise with a small-scale production nature. An analysis of the energy resources consumed by the galvanic section is carried out. The galvanic bath load factors are determined for the section as a whole and for each metal coating application operation separately. The reason for the low energy efficiency of the section's heat supply associated with the uneven equipment load is revealed, due to the impossibility of regulating the consumption of thermal energy with a centralized steam supply. An energy balance of heat supply for the technological process of galvanic application of metal coatings is compiled for two operating modes of the process equipment: bringing to the mode and maintaining the mode. The energy costs required for heating the galvanic baths to the nominal temperatures regulated by the technology of the metal coating application process and the energy costs required to stabilize the temperature mode of the electrolysis process are determined, taking into account the nomenclature of the processed parts, the duration of the working cycle, the required thickness and physical characteristics of the galvanic coating. The article considers options for decentralized heat supply of galvanic baths taking into account process temperatures, load factors and the sequence of metal coating application operations. It defines a rational method for organizing uneven loading of galvanic baths and process energy consumption during decentralized heat supply of the production area. It establishes an acceptable level of efficiency reduction of industrial serial heat sources with increased uneven loading of process equipment. It proposes a method for utilizing unclaimed process heat in the hot water supply system in order to stabilize the efficiency of heat supply sources at a level close to the nominal one. It defines the economic effect of utilizing unclaimed process heat for the needs of hot water supply and heating of the galvanic area.

Elevating Diagnostic Accuracy: Advanced GAN-Enhanced High-Resolution Medical Imaging for Superior Disease Detection

Advanced imaging in medical has become crucial in the early identify diseases because they reveal the important structural features of the human body. But it is almost impossible to get such high resolution images in real life situation due to the factors such as image capture and processing equipment, and environmental factors that affect the outcome of the image. This work proposes a sub-type of GAN that is used in enhancement of images particularly in medical fields. The generator of the Med-GAN extracts a high-resolution image from a low-resolution one with the help of novel features learned by the model. The approach of reconstructing high resolution from multiple parallel streams of lower resolution employs deconvolution algorithms with multiple scale fusions that produce better high resolution representations as compared to the technique of bilinear interpolation. The performances of the proposed Med-GAN are tested on two publicly available COVID-19 CT datasets and one private medical image dataset which shows that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in performance comparisons. Consequently, for PSNR, the score improves from 24.103 dB corresponding to the Initial Approach of the “BRaTS (FLAIR)” dataset to 25.496 dB for the Proposed Method; whereas for SSIM the score increases from 0.782 to 0.812.se types of high-resolution images are usually impossible to get due to limits in imaging devices, environmental conditions, and human factors. This work proposes the Med-GAN: an Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network tuned for medical image enhancement. The Med-GAN generator learns high-resolution representations from low-resolution images via advanced feature extraction methods. Deconvolution algorithms with multi-scale fusions recover better high-resolution representations from multiple parallel streams of lower resolutions in this approach compared to traditional bilinear interpolation methods. Evaluated on two publicly available COVID-19 CT datasets and one custom medical image dataset, the proposed Med-GAN significantly outperforms existing techniques in performance comparisons. In particular, PSNR rises from 24.103 dB for the BRaTS (FLAIR) dataset in the Initial Approach to 25.496 dB in the Proposed Method, while SSIM increases from 0.782 to 0.812. If that is the case then it could be said that the solution of the proposed Med-GAN is one of the most realistic means for improving the quality of medical images and therefore contributes to better diagnostics of diseases

Microbiological quality analysis of locally produced soymilk drinks sold in local market in Nagpur

Background: This study was aimed at evaluating the microbial quality and proximate analysis of soymilk produced and sold within local market. Methodology: Soymilk samples were purchased in pairs from five locations in Nagpur The samples collected were subjected to microbiological and proximate analysis to ascertain the hygienic standards of the products and nutrient contents. Results: The result revealed the cultural morphology and microscopic identification of the fungi isolated from the soymilk samples analyzed in this study. The fungi isolated were Aspergillus sp, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium sp and Mucor sp. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that soymilk samples which is highly consumed in Nagpur were highly contaminated with microorganisms whose source may be traced to poor hygiene of producers, unsanitary conditions of processing equipment and raw materials. These finding shows varying public health concerns in the soymilk samples analyzed. The study shows an unacceptable microbiological quality of these products and a dire need for the strict implementation of HACCP protocols during production of these products to prevent the occurrence of food contamination, spread of antibiotic resistant organisms and other serious public health concerns.

Experimental Study on the Dynamic Impact Characteristics of Iron Ore Under Free-Fall Conditions

Ore processing equipment is constantly subjected to impacts from various types of ore. However, the impact force characteristics generated by ore particles of different masses have not been thoroughly studied, which has hindered the design and monitoring of such equipment. This paper presents an experimental study on the dynamic impact characteristics of iron ore particles under free–fall conditions. The research focuses on understanding the mechanical behavior of ore particles of varying sizes and weights when colliding with metallic components, particularly crushers, which are critical in the ore processing industry. A modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar apparatus was utilized to measure the impact forces, durations, and deformation patterns during collisions. Two types of fired iron ore pellets were collected from industrial plants and sorted into different mass ranges for testing. The pellets were dropped from a height of 1 m to impact a steel rod, and the resulting impact forces were recorded using strain gauges. Additionally, finite element simulations were conducted to validate the experimental methodology. The results revealed significant variations in impact force, duration, and deformation patterns, influenced by particle mass and impact position. The maximum recorded impact force was approximately 7500 N, indicating the high energy involved in these collisions. Impact durations ranged from 0.05 to 0.11 milliseconds, emphasizing the rapid nature of the interactions. The deformation patterns were consistent across all particles, supporting the applicability of Hertz’s contact theory.This study offers valuable insights into the dynamic impact characteristics of iron ore particles, which are essential for optimizing the design and performance of mining machinery.

Pēteris Elksnītis (1879–1963) – One of The Founders of Dairy Farming in Latvia

In the interwar period, an important sector of the national economy in Latvia was dairy farming, where both university graduates – engineers, and people without higher education worked. One of them – Pēteris Elksnītis (1879–1963), who learned the trade of a blacksmith in his youth and the trade of a technician through self-learning (1910), worked in the company of the Society of Riga Agricultural Central Union «Konsums», participated in establishing dairies, worked in the Department of Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Latvia where he was responsible for agricultural technique, in the Technical Department of the Central Union of Dairy Farmers of Latvia where he was a Manager, participating in the construction and mechanization of dairies and in setting up milk processing points. In the interwar period, P. Elksnītis not only developed the projects of dairies and creameries and took care of their equipment but also obtained several patents for his inventions for milk processing equipment, potato harvesting, and laundry washing. Some patents related to dairy farming were bought and realized by entrepreneurs in Denmark. After an accident (1932), P. Elksnītis retired from paid work and returned to his home in Prauliena. In 1932, P. Elksnītis was awarded the highest award of the Latvian state – the Order of Three Stars.

Quinoline impact on composition, structure and aggregative stability of asphaltenes from heavy oil of different chemical types

Relevance. The need to establish the true mechanisms of the formation of supramolecular structures in petroleum dispersed systems. It is important to identify the role of individual functional groups in asphaltene aggregation. This will help develop effective ways to prevent sediment formation in process equipment during production, transportation and processing of heavy oils. Aim. To study the effect of quinoline on the composition, structure and aggregative stability of asphaltenes from heavy oils of various chemical types. Objects. Heavy oils from the Zyuzeevskoe field and the Usinskoe field; model petroleum systems with a basic nitrogen content of 1,0 to 3,0 wt %; asphaltenes of the original and model petroleum systems. Methods. Liquid adsorption chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, potentiometric titration, elemental analysis, cryoscopy in naphthalene, 1H NMR spectroscopy, structural group analysis, spectrophotometry. Results. With an increase in Nbas concentration in an petroleum system to 3 wt %, the content of asphaltenes decreases regardless of the type of petroleum system. It has been established that quinoline is actively involved in the formation of supramolecular structures of naphthenic type oil. With an increase in the Nbas content in the naphthenic petroleum system to 3 wt % the molecular weight of asphaltenes increases 1,5 times with a 2-fold increase in the proportion of basic nitrogen in their composition. This is accompanied by an increase in the proportion of naphthenoaromatic structure in the average asphaltene molecule. The structure of asphaltenes isolated from model methane-type petroleum systems, on the contrary, is enriched in alkyl fragments. It wasn established that the presence of quinoline in asphaltenes of heavy oils as a coprecipitated component significantly reduces their aggregative stability. With an increase in the molecular weight of asphaltenes in naphthenic petroleum systems to 2000 amu. and the proportion of basic nitrogen up to 2,69 wt % the rate of their aggregation before precipitation is reduced by 5–6 times. The aggregative stability of methane oil asphaltenes decreases when Nbas content in their composition is higher than 1,9 wt % and does not depend directly on their molecular weight.

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ КОНТРОЛЬНО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОГО СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЯ МЕР ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ РЫБОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

The measures of State Program “Fishery complex development” and Federal Project “Modernization and stimulation of fishery complex development” [1] are aimed at developing the fishery complexes by upgrading the fishing fleet, equipped with the necessary equipment for catching and processing fish, forming the infrastructure and social conditions for its functioning. At the same time, the analysis of dynamics of financial support volume of the State Program “Fishery complex Development” from 2022 to 2026 shows that its growth rate is variable - the smallest amount of budget funds was allocated in 2023 (growth rate was 84%), the largest amount is planned for 2025 (growth rate -134%). The growth rate of financial support of the Federal Project “Modernization and stimulation of fishery complex development” was 19% in 2023, 68% in 2024, in 2025 it will be 116%, and in 2026 it is planned to decrease to 107%. This situation is explained by the limited budgetary resources, in which the key issue is always the assessment of the priority of measures for which specific state support is allocated. Equipping economic entities of the fishery complex with new modern vessels, equipped with the necessary equipment for catching and processing of fish, requires substantial capital investments and a long period of time. The methods of analysis and control currently used to assess the effectiveness and priority of state support projects do not allow to fully assess their payback period and the possibility of creating value for consumers. Within the framework of the research, financial and economic modelling in combination with functional cost analysis is proposed to assess the effectiveness of the mechanism of investment quotas under the conventional name “quotas under the keel”. The construction of a financial and economic model of an investment project for the acquisition or construction of a ship makes it possible to design a long-term forecast of the development of efficiency of both an individual economic entity and the industry as a whole, allowing for strategic control of the project implementation, and the use of functional cost analysis - to search for reserves to reduce production costs and thus to respond to external challenges and threats in a timely manner at the expense of internal resources.

Обоснование структуры и анализ функционирования устройства для натяжения арматурных канатов

The paper considers the challenge of creating a compact device for tensioning the cable bolts. Commercially available deep-set cable bolt of the AK01, AKS type have threaded couplings that allow the base plates to be pressed to the reinforced surface or the process equipment to be suspended. Expanding the scope of the cable bolt application, in particular, to reinforce the open-pit walls and natural rock masses, determined the need to use the cable bolts of a great length and without threaded couplings. In this case, the interaction of the end of the cable bolt with the base plate is made using collet clips. The mounting kit includes a base plate, a collet housing, and a collet. Installation of a cable bolt is carried out using a device that provides the following operations: capturing and tensioning the part of the cable bolt extending from the borehole, pressing the base plate, and fixing the collet in the holder. These actions are performed using special devices are designed to include a pneumatic-hydraulic pump and a special hydraulic cylinder. However, in some cases it is necessary to have a simpler design that is small in size and does not require any external energy sources. The article presents a compact device for performing the actions necessary for installing a base plate and securing it to the cable bolt using a collet. A specific feature of the lever mechanism used in the device is the variability of the structural arrangement. The possibility of implementing the movements of two output links from one leading link and sequentially performing operations is justified: tensioning the cable bolt, pressing the body of the collet clamp to the base plate, securing the collet to the cable bolt.

Experimental Study of the Kinematics of a Double-Row Planetary Mechanism Using Two Elliptical External Gears

Introduction. Mechanisms with non-circular gears are of wide interest to researchers and inventors due to their compactness and the implementation of a wide range of transfer functions. The development of this area is stimulated by the advancements and reduction in cost of mechanical processing and additive manufacturing technologies, as well as the use of applied mathematical modeling packages for the analysis and synthesis of non-circular gears. Traditionally, noncircular gears are used to transmit rotational motion between parallel axes with a variable ratio of angular velocities. However, their use in planetary gear schemes provides implementing various types of output link motion. The analysis of the papers on the research area shows that gears with movable rotation axes have not been sufficiently studied from the point of view of kinematics and dynamics. Most research papers reveal the theory of such mechanisms without verifying the results obtained in practice. This work is aimed at the experimental verification of the kinematics of a planetary mechanism with two external engagements, which contains elliptical gears.Materials and Methods. The kinematic model of the mechanism under study is built on the basis of the velocity diagram of its links, which made it possible to obtain expressions for finding an analogue of the angular velocity and the position function of the output shaft. The experimental study of kinematics was performed on a laboratory stand containing a model of a planetary mechanism with a set of replaceable gear wheels, absolute encoders on the input and output shafts of the mechanism, a controller, and a PC for recording and processing the signal. The analysis of the obtained results was performed on a computer using statistical analysis methods.Results. As a result of kinematic analysis, position functions were constructed for three alternative planetary mechanisms, which had different geometric parameters of the gears and made it possible to implement various types of motion of the output shaft: swinging motion, discontinuous motion, and unilateral uneven rotation.Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the experimental results showed the adequacy of the constructed mathematical model of kinematics to real mechanisms. The confidence interval of measuring errors at a reliability level of 95% was 0.16±0.08° for the first version of the mechanism, 0.57±0.22° — for the second version, and 0.08±0.26° — for the third. The proposed planetary mechanism with elliptical gears for implementing various types of motion can be used in drives of process equipment in numerous industries: chemical and food (mixers), oil refining (pumping units for crude production), mechanical engineering (compressors, pumps, automated machines), and others. The conducted kinematic studies of the planetary mechanism and their experimental analysis are needed for further dynamic and force investigations, as well as for the design of drives based on the proposed transmission.

Hot compression behavior and 3D processing maps of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy formed by cold metal transfer wire arc additive manufacturing

Based on hot compression experiments, the hot deformation behavior and workability of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy fabricated by cold metal transfer wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM-CMT) were studied. The compression experiments were performed at temperatures ranging from 350 to 500 °C, with strain rates between 0.001 and 1 s−1. The results indicate that the peak stress of the alloy decreases significantly with lower strain rates and higher deformation temperatures. Combined with the analysis of the Arrhenius type equation (Eq.), the average value of the recrystallization activation energy (Q) was 308.4 kJ/mol. Utilizing the Zener-Hollomon parameter, we derived the constitutive Eq. for the deposited Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy during hot deformation: [Formula: see text]. Using the dynamic material model, we established a three-dimensional (3D) processing maps for the deposited Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy. The main instability domain were temperatures from 350 to 385 °C with strain rates of 0.1 to 1.0 s−1, and temperatures from 435 to 500 °C with strain rates of 0.4 to 1.0 s−1. Considering the power dissipation map, the stable and power-efficient forming domains is in the temperature range from 435 to 500 °C and strain rate range from 0.001 to 0.04 s−1. Due to dynamic recrystallisation (DRX), the grain of the deposited Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy is significantly refined after hot deformation. These findings provide valuable guidance for selecting integrated process equipment and optimizing deformation parameters for additive and on-line micro-forged magnesium rare earth alloys.

Assessing the impact of sewing machine thread take-up mechanism parameters on the magnitude and nature of thread take-up

The subject of this study is the needle thread take-up mechanisms (NTТM) of modern chain stitch sewing machines of classes 400 and 600. The principal issue with these mechanisms is the complexity of their adjustment because of the large number of adjustable parameters and the need for clear recommendations for proper setup, which negatively affects their performance. The research involved analyzing the impact of NTTM’s kinematic parameters and various thread path configurations in machines. The study revealed new patterns that allow for more precise thread take-up regulation, enabling better synchronization of the actual thread take-up with the required amount, thereby improving stitch quality and increasing sewing process productivity. Accurate thread take-up adjustment prevents excessive or insufficient thread tension, a common issue when sewing materials with variable thickness or stitch length. The results can be used to adjust sewing machines and automate the tuning of technological processes by changing the adjustment parameters with variations in technological parameters. This is particularly important in producing 3D textile structures for reinforcing composite molds, where adjusting for average material thickness can cause thread tension issues when the current thickness changes. The practical application of these results will ensure stable sewing quality based on stitch parameters, which is relevant for automating machine settings and working with materials of varying thicknesses. The proposed recommendations will improve the manufacturing process and increase equipment efficiency

Layer porosity in powder-bed fusion prediction using regression machine learning models and time-series features

Additive manufacturing (AM) using laser powder-bed fusion (L-PBF) has become a common industrial process for high-end component production. The uptake of the process has been accelerated through the broad acceptance of the L-PBF process toward achieving high-quality parts with complex geometry. However, the L-PBF process faces challenges from the process’s sensitivity to the process build parameters, which, when incorrectly set, can cause defects such as porosity, which in turn have a detrimental effect on the produced part properties. On the other hand, the AM processing equipment generates a vast amount of data captured through in situ sensors such as pyrometers and imaging cameras. Having such an abundance of process data facilitates the employment of advanced machine learning (ML) tools to understand and extract patterns and information about the underlying AM process and gain “predictive control.” Driven by this idea, we aimed to employ ML tools over pyrometer time-series data from an L-PBF process to predict the porosity percentage of layers of an AM-built part. Sensor data are naturally modeled by time series; however, most ML algorithms work with tabular data (i.e., one single vector describes a feature). In the work presented here, feature engineering tools were used to transform the time-series data into informative features. These features were fed into the tabular ML algorithms for evaluation, broadening the selection of ML algorithms available in the literature. It was hypothesized that the time-series summary features would capture the interaction of melt-pool temperature with resulting porosity, from which the resulting models could better predict porosity occurrence. The dataset contains layer porosity values in the range of 0.00175 – 7.160%, to which we divide the data into “low” and “high” porous layers using a splitting threshold value of 1%. From evaluating these algorithms, it was concluded that classifying “low” versus “high” porosity layers is relatively easier than predicting the layer’s porosity percentage.

Обоснование использования ЭХА-растворов католита в процессах санитарной обработки

Electrochemical activation of water or mineralized salts produces a neutral or acidic solution (anolyte) in the anode chamber and an alkaline solution (catholyte) in the cathode chamber. Yet the prospects of catholyte as an alkaline detergent remain understudied. This research featured such physicochemical properties of catholyte as pH, alkalinity, specific electrical conductivity, mineralization, water contact angle, and surface tension in distilled and tap water with different concentrations of sodium chloride during electrochemical activation. The alkalinity index of the catholyte in the tap water sample was by 7-10% higher than in the distilled water sample. A similar correlation was detected in the electrochemical activation of sodium chloride solutions in tap water. The pH, alkalinity, and specific electrical conductivity of the catholyte did not depend on the sodium chloride concentration. The alkalinity of the catholyte increased together the electrochemical activation time (60 min). The water contact angle proved to be an important indicator for prospective detergents. In this study, different substances with complexing and wetting properties made it possible to reduce the water contact angle of the catholyte solutions by 50-60% and their surface tension by 15-20%. Catholytes mixed with substances with complexing and wetting abilities demonstrated good prospects as detergents for dairy processing equipment, except for heat exchange devices.

A Cone-Like TSV Structured ZnO NO2 Gas Sensor that is Produced Using Room-Temperature Laser Drilling and Radio-Frequency Sputtering

A typical through-silicon via (TSV) has vertical and high aspect ratio holes, making special equipment required to deposit the film on the vertical hole walls. This study used room-temperature laser drilling to fabricate a cone-like TSV structure so that no special process equipment was required. Radio-frequency sputtering was used to deposit SiNx, ITO, and ZnO films on the cone-like TSV structure to form a ZnO NO2 gas sensor. Scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam results show that the ZnO film connects the front and back sides of the substrate, enabling sensing on both sides. If the concentration of NO2 gas is increased, the sensor response increases and the average sensor response is 34,7%, with an inaccuracy of <± 1% for five 5 consecutive measurements using a NO2 concentration of 3ppm. Reactions with NH3, CO, CO2, and SO2 gases are almost insignificant, giving the cone-like TSV structure ZnO gas sensor good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility for NO2 gas.

Experimental, economic, and life cycle carbon footprint assessment of low‐cost adsorbents for siloxane removal from landfill gas

AbstractSiloxane impurities in landfill gas (LFG) pose a significant challenge for downstream processing equipment used in energy recovery. This study investigated the adsorption capacity, cost, and environmental impact of five low‐cost adsorbent materials: biochar, clinoptilolite, hydrochar, diatomaceous‐earth, and crushed glass. Gravimetric analysis was used to determine the adsorption capacity of these materials for octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4). The results were then used to conduct a technoeconomic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA), comparing the selected adsorbents with activated carbon (AC), a commonly used adsorbent for siloxane removal. The TEA revealed that the cost of LFG purification with clinoptilolite, biochar, and AC was $0.035, $0.034, and $0.033/m3, respectively, for the base case studied. The cradle‐to‐gate LCA showed that clinoptilolite had significantly lower carbon emissions compared with the other adsorbents, both per kg of D4 captured and per kg of adsorbent produced. The potential fate of siloxanes after adsorption was discussed, emphasizing the importance of proper treatment and disposal of spent adsorbents. Surface modification techniques were recommended to enhance the adsorption capacity and regeneration of clinoptilolite, potentially reducing cost and carbon emissions in LFG purification. These findings highlight the potential of low‐cost adsorbents for sustainable LFG purification.

Peningkatan Produktivitas dan Profitabilitas Petani Pisang Barlin di Desa Papringan Kecamatan Temayang Kabupaten Bojonegoro

Barlin Banana is a leading agricultural products in Bojonegoro. However, the shelflife of Pisang Barlin only 10 days at room temperature. Therefore, a lot of which iswasted because of rotten bananas. As a result, the loss is very large bananagrowers. The selling price of the product is also relatively cheap only around Rp1500 per comb. These conditions led to the welfare of farmers Barlin Banana stilllow. Farmers group Barlin Banana "Papringan" which became a partner in thePKM program is in District Papringan Bojonegoro. Farmers group Barlin Banana"Papringan" was established in 2005 with the purpose as a means of fostering theBarlin Banana Farmers so that productivity and quality of crops Barlin Bananacan be maximized. Existence of banana growers group "Papringan" is felt by thesurrounding community. Since its founding five years ago, members of this groupof banana farmers has reached 100 farmers. If we assume that each farmer groupmembers bear live an average of 3 persons consisting of a wife and 2 children, thenit implies the existence of a group of banana farmers "Papringan" relates to thefate of 400 people in the District Papringan Bojonegoro. Activities undertaken inthe stages: 1) the selection of the group's strategic objectives, 2) grant reliefmachinery and equipment which include machine vacuum fryer, spinner, sealer,tool kit, and digital scales, 3) test, 4) ttraining of machine operation , 4) monitoringand evaluation.The results of this activity is a group of farmers Barlin Banana partners have ownedmachinery and processing equipment Barlin Banana and can operate it well. Anincrease product shelf life of up to 7 months, the farmers profit increased 600%from Rp 1,000 to Rp. 6000. So that the welfare of farmers has also increased

Гарантированные оценки функции распределения остаточного ресурса технологического оборудования промышленных предприятий

The article discusses the functioning processes of the process equipment at industrial enterprises, including numerical control machines (CNC), metal cutting machines, press-forging and bending equipment, welding and laser equipment, molding and casting equipment, etc. The problem of determining guaranteed estimates of the distribution function of process equipment’s residual life is formulated as a problem of finding guaranteed (lower and upper) estimates of the probabilistic functionality on the multitude of distribution functions with preset timings equal to the distribution timings determined based on the initial small sample size of trouble-free operation timings of process equipment. An approach to finding guaranteed estimates of the residual life distribution function in conditions of incomplete data on the process equipment operation time before a failure based on the results of the solution for Markov’s timing problem has been proposed. Guaranteed estimates of residual life distribution functions are based on a multitude of discrete distribution functions that meet the timing limitations. Examples of finding guaranteed estimates of process equipment residual life distribution function are provided.