Equilibrium Absorption Research Articles

Removal of aqueous triclosan using TiO2 nanotube arrays reactive membrane by sequential adsorption and electrochemical degradation

Removal of triclosan (TCS) in water has attracted increasing attention due to its high detection frequency and potential toxicity. In this study, porous TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTA) was prepared as the reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) to adsorb aqueous TCS, and subsequently to degrade TCS in-situ (a regeneration process of TiO2 NTA). Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic of TCS followed pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model, respectively. Compared with adsorption at 0 mL min−1 (static adsorption), the initial adsorption rate and the maximum adsorption capacity increased 18.8-fold and 73.8-fold at 300 mL min−1, respectively. The optimal equilibrium absorption capacity (per projected area of TiO2 NTA) and the initial adsorption rate were 2042.92 mg m−2 and 108.51 mg m−2 min−1, respectively. In the subsequently electrochemical oxidation process, 99.8% of the adsorbed TCS was degraded in-situ and TiO2 NTA was regenerated simultaneously. TiO2 NTA electrode maintained the stable removal performance of TCS during four adsorption-degradation cycles. The adsorption process was a complex combination of the hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction with/without applied voltage at different pH value. The electrochemical degradation pathways of TCS on TiO2 NTA were hydroxylation, disproportionation, dichlorination and cleavage of ether bond under the attack of electrochemical generated OH and O2−. The flow-through sequential adsorption and electrochemical degradation (SAED) based on TiO2 NTA REM were proved to be effective method to removal TCS in waters, especially for the water with low conductivity.

Intensification of ethylene and ethane absorption in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) by adding silver nanoparticles

The absorption and solubility of pure ethane and ethylene gases were investigated in an experimental pressure decay setup, where a small amount of silver nanoparticles was added to pure N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. All the experiments were performed at temperatures of 278.15, 298.15 and 328.15 K and different pressures (up to the gases dew points) as well as different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (0.05 and 0.1 g/l). The kinetic data of absorption, Henry’s law constants, heat of absorption, entropy, Gibbs free energy, and ideal selectivity were reported. Also, the effects of temperature, pressure, and nanoparticle concentration on the equilibrium results were evaluated. The absorption results revealed that the presence of small amounts of nanoparticles in the solvent intensified the absorption performance between 1.5–18 % for ethylene and 1–41 % for ethane. The results also showed that the solubility of ethylene in pure solvent and nanofluids was better than that of ethane. Increasing the nanosilver concentration up to 0.1 g/l resulted in reducing the absorption equilibrium time specially for ethylene/nanofluid experiments. Also, the ideal ethylene/ethane selectivity improved by increasing the nanoparticle concentration at the same temperature.

Prediction of CO2 chemical absorption isotherms for ionic liquid design by DFT/COSMO-RS calculations

Ionic liquids with an aprotic heterocyclic anion (AHA-ILs) is a promising family of compounds to overcome the challenge of CO2 capture. In this work, a computational methodology has been developed to predict CO2 chemical absorption isotherms in AHA-ILs without the need of experimental data. This methodology combines DFT and COSMO-RS calculations allowing the design of new chemical absorbents for CO2 capture. The CO2 physical absorption equilibrium constants (Henry's law constants), chemical equilibrium constants and reaction enthalpies were reliably predicted by proposed computational approach, by means of comparison to available experimental data of 9 different AHA-ILs. Finally, 15 newly designed AHA-ILs were evaluated to demonstrate the flexibility of the DFT/COSMO-RS tool by predicting their CO2 absorption isotherms. The evaluated absorbents compromise very different behaviors: from physical absorption to reactions completely displaced toward products at very low CO2 partial pressure, emphasizing the extremely tunable character of AHA-ILs. Current results will definitively contribute to link molecular and processes scales in the research of new CO2 capture technology based on ILs.

Synthesis of Graphene Oxide–Supported β-Cyclodextrin Adsorbent for Removal of p-Nitrophenol

Graphene oxide–supported β-cyclodextrin was prepared with graphene oxide and β-cyclodextrin as raw materials and epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent, respectively. It was characterized by the methods of Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, and SEM. The graphene oxide–supported β-cyclodextrin showed excellent adsorption performance for p-nitrophenol, and the absorption equilibrium can be achieved within 2 h. The adsorptive capacity is 117.28 mg/g at adsorption temperature of 313 K and pH at 8.0. Adsorption isotherms showed that the adsorption capacity increases with the increases of temperature and adsorption process could be better fitted by Langmuir isotherm (R2 > 0.995). Thermodynamic functions (ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS) investigation showed that the adsorption is spontaneous, endothermic, and random. The adsorption kinetics of p-nitrophenol over graphene oxide–supported β-cyclodextrin is conformed to a pseudo-second-order process. This study has suggested that the graphene oxide–supported β-cyclodextrin could play an efficient and beneficial source of the adsorbent for the purpose of eliminating p-nitrophenol from aqueous solution.

Physicochemical properties of Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) protein nanoparticles fabricated by cold atmospheric-pressure plasma

In the present study, the potential of cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAPP) for fabrication of Grass pea protein isolate nanoparticles (GPPINPs) was investigated. The size of nanoparticles decreased and their morphology became more non-uniform when higher voltage and longer processing time were applied. The lowest z-average was observed for GPPINP fabricated at 18.6 kVpp after 600s of plasma treatment. The FTIR spectra for amid I and amid II bands were changed after the plasma treatment. The content of carbonyl groups and dityrosine crosslinks in GPPINPs were higher, while the content of free SH groups was lower than the native GPPI. The main subunits of 7S and 11S retained in GPPINPs after plasma treatment. GPPINPs fabricated at 9.4 kVpp had more ordered secondary structure while partial unfolding was observed for the GPPINPs fabricated at 18.6 kVpp. Except for GPPINPs fabricated at 18.6 kVpp for 600s, 3rd structures of nanoparticles were more compact. With increasing the treatment time and voltage, the surface hydrophobicity of GPPINPs increased while their solubility decreased. The hydrophobic interactions in GPPINPs increased and the hydrogen bonding decreased as the plasma treatment time and voltage increased. However, GPPINPs were much more efficient in achieving an absorption equilibrium at oil-water interface, indicating the great potential for application as surface active particles. Protein nanoparticles did not show any cytotoxicity in Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF) cells, however, their biological activities depended on the concentration used. Overall, these findings indicate that CAPP can be used for fabrication of protein nanoparticles with new functional property for food and pharmaceutical applications.

Time domain-NMR studies of average pore size of wood cell walls during drying and moisture adsorption

The change in the pore size of cell walls affects many physical properties of wood. In this paper, the dynamic changes in the pore size of wood cell walls during drying and moisture adsorption were studied at four relative humidities. The results showed that the average pore size of cell walls of Qingpi poplar (Populus- platyphylla var. glauca) was larger than that of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv.) under the same experimental conditions, and the changes in pore size of Qingpi poplar cell walls were more sensitive to ambient humidity no matter whether during drying or moisture adsorption. Moreover, the average pore size of cell walls at saturated-water state is about 2.5 times of the average pore size of cell walls when woods reached the moisture absorption equilibrium from the oven-dry state. This article is useful for the wood manufacture industry and for wood modification. It is not only important for wood processing and utilization but also for the research on other porous materials.

Starch fermentation wastewater as a precursor to prepare S,N-doped carbon dots for selective Fe(III) detection and carbon microspheres for solution decolorization

Resource utilization of starch fermentation wastewater is facing the challenge that is short of trash to treasure approach with high efficiency except for the fodder production. Here we reported the use of starch fermentation wastewater as a precursor to prepare carbon materials. When the carbonization temperature being set at 180 °C, the S,-N-doped C-dots with ~24.5% of quantum yield and a green emission at ~518 nm were obtained. The functional groups on the surface of S,-N-doped C-dots can coordinate with free ferric ion (Fe(III)), and the excited electron of C-dots can be captured by 3d orbit of Fe(III), which, together with the assistance of inner filter effect, resulted in the quenching of green fluorescence of S,-N-doped C-dots. A sensing platform for Fe(III) was therefore established with a 3.2 nM detection limit in 0.01 to 16 µM concentration range. When the carbonization temperature being enhanced to 200 °C, the carbon microspheres with ~3.3–6.9 μm in diameter were gained. The carbon microspheres own benign outer hydrophilicity and inner hydrophobicity, and can efficiently remove the dyes in solution through π-π stacking, hydrogen bond and electrostatic effect, exhibiting a good adsorption capacity with ~188 mg/g and a rapid absorption equilibrium within 60 min. The S,N-doped C-dots and carbon microspheres were applied in Fe(III) determination in environmental samples and solution decolorization, respectively, demonstrating their good applicability, and opening up a promising door for the magnificent transition from fermentation wastewater to valuable resource.

Effect of over-ply on moisture absorption behavior of scarf-repaired composite laminate

The over-ply covering the bondline in scarf-repaired laminates can avoid direct exposure of the adhesive to moisture environment which would decrease the properties of the adhesive. The effect of the over-ply on moisture absorption behavior of scarf-repaired composite laminate was studied in this paper. 3D finite element models (FEMs) of scarf-repaired laminates with and without over-ply were established to simulate the moisture absorption behavior and verified by experimental results. Then these models were used to investigate the effects of some factors, including over-ply type, configuration, direction and number, on moisture absorption behavior of the repaired structures, especially of the adhesive. The results show that the over-ply can efficiently decelerate moisture absorption of the adhesive and delay the time of its moisture absorption equilibrium. Over-ply type has effect on moisture absorption of the adhesive. Woven over-ply is more effective to protect the adhesive in repaired laminates from moisture absorption than unidirectional over-ply. For the laminates with only large-circle bonding surface covered, over-ply lap length, configuration and direction are not very important parameters to affect the moisture absorption.

Highly efficient capture of odorous sulfur-based VOCs by ionic liquids

This study proposes the capture of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) from waste gas using an ionic liquid (IL), namely, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][Tf2N]), and examines the process from a molecular level to the laboratory scale, which is then scaled up to the industrial level. The binding energy and weak interactions between DMS/DMDS and the anion/cation in [EMIM][Tf2N] were investigated using quantum chemistry calculations to identify the capture mechanism at the molecular scale. A thermodynamic model (UNIFAC-Lei) was established by the vapor−liquid equilibrium data of the [EMIM][Tf2N] + DMS/DMDS systems measured at the laboratory scale. The equilibrium and continuous absorption experiments were performed, and the results demonstrated that [EMIM][Tf2N] exhibits a highly efficient capture performance at atmospheric conditions, particularly, absorption capacities (AC) for DMS and DMDS are 189.72 and 212.94 mg g−1, respectively, and partial coefficients (PC) as more reasonable evaluation metrics for those are 0.509 × 10-4 and 6.977 × 10-4 mol kg−1 Pa−1, respectively, at the 100 % breakthrough. Finally, a mathematical model of the strict equilibrium stage was established for process simulations, and the absorption process was conceptually designed at the industrial scale, which could provide a decision-making basis for chemical engineers and designers.

CO2 solubility in aqueous binary mixtures of monoethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, and diaminobutane

AbstractThe main objective of this research is to improve the CO2 solubility and absorption rate of conventional alkanolamines including monoethanolamine (MEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) by 1,4–diaminobutane (DAB) as a promoter. Typically, the presence of two primary functional groups, lack of strict hindrance, and low molecular weight make DAB an efficient solvent to absorb CO2. In the first step, the absorption kinetic of DAB is investigated theoretically and a rate equation is proposed based on the zwitterion mechanism. In the second step, the equilibrium capacity of MEA and MDEA is promoted by DAB experiment in an isothermal stirred batch reactor in the pressure range 20–100 kPa, temperature range 303–313 K, and promoter volume fraction 0–10%. Then, the effective loading and regenerability of prepared samples are investigated by continuous cyclic absorption and regeneration in the designed reactor. The experimental results show that increasing DAB concentration in the MEA and MDEA as base solutions increases the CO2 absorption rate and equilibrium capacity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Using Fe2O2/CeO2/Ag Composite Nanoparticles under Ultraviolet

Background: The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is used to control of agricultural pests (water and soil) and is among the most widely distributed pollutants in the environment. Methods: In this study, Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag composite nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple coprecipitation method. The as-synthesized samples were examined using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray analysis. The photo catalytic activity of the as-synthesized samples was examined through photo degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under ultraviolet irradiation. The effects of pH, irradiation time, initial 2,4-D concentration and catalyst dose on the photo catalytic performance of Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag composite nanoparticles were investigated through an optimization process. The photo catalytic reaction kinetic data were analyzed using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and the absorption equilibrium was examined by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Results: The results suggested the second order reaction kinetics as the best model for 2,4-D photo degradation. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm with a higher R2 was reported as the most suitable model. The photo catalytic activities revealed the highest photo degradation percentage for Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag composite nanoparticles with a degradation order as Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag (75.70%)>Fe2O3/CeO2 (36.28%) >CeO2 (26.92)>Fe2O3 (11.96). Conclusions: Based on the determination of nanomaterial efficiency, its components and photo catalytic properties, can be used to remove this contaminant and other toxic compounds.

Acceptor-related infrared optical absorption in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells

Abstract The results of the theoretical and experimental investigations of optical response of the acceptor centers in narrow GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells in the infrared spectral range are presented. In the theoretical part, we focused on the probabilities of the photoionization of acceptor centers taking into account the complicated valence band structure and intermixing the light and heavy hole states. We used the finite-difference method to quantize the Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian and the decomposition of the impurity potential over the eigenstates of this Hamiltonian with the quantum well profile to obtain the acceptor state energies and wavefunctions in momentum space. The momentum-dependent decomposition coefficients were used to calculate the optical matrix elements of the hole transitions from localized acceptor states to 2D continuum states in dipole approximation. Calculated spectral and polarization dependencies of the infrared optical absorption due to photoionization of acceptors are discussed. Equilibrium absorption spectra of the polarized infrared radiation were measured in a wide temperature range. Spectral positions of the observed absorption peaks are in satisfactory agreement with theoretical calculations.

Swelling behavior of expandable poly(methyl methacrylate‐acrylic acid)/polymethyl methacrylate bio‐composites with different crosslinking densities

AbstractThe volume shrinkage of poly(methyl methacrylate‐acrylic acid) (PMMA) bone cement was mainly tackled by the different types and contents of the hydrophilic additives. While the crosslinking density was assumed to regulate the hydrophilic group amounts and 3D network structures in the additives, which influenced the absorption and swelling capacity of the PMMA‐based bone cement. In this study, the expandable PMMA/polymethyl methacrylate bio‐composites (EBC) with different N, N‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) contents were synthesized to investigate the relationship between the crosslinking density and swelling performance, and also promoted the absorption and swelling properties before the solidification of EBC. The results demonstrated that the equilibrium absorption ratio and the equilibrium swelling ratio both exhibited a normal distribution with the various MBA content. In addition, the controlled absorption ratio (7.3–60.2%) and swelling ratio (8.5–61.8%) of EBC could be obtained by altering crosslinking density in the system. Furthermore, EBC could obtain a similar equilibrium absorption ratio and equilibrium swelling ratio with different mechanical properties, which provided more options for meeting the requirements of EBC in different clinical settings.

Solubility and Heat of Absorption of CO2 into Diisopropylamine and N,N-Diethylethanolamine Mixed with Organic Solvents

We have evaluated the vapor–liquid equilibrium and heat of absorption of CO2 over water-lean mixtures of the amines diisopropylamine and N,N-diethylethanolamine (DEEA). This extends our previous research on water-lean solvents containing ethanolamine. The organic diluents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and ethylene glycol (MEG) have been employed for solvent formulation. Since both diisopropylamine (a hindered amine) and N,N-diethylethanolamine (a tertiary amine) react with CO2 to form mainly bicarbonate in aqueous solutions, their behavior in nonaqueous mixtures is quite different from that of monoethanolamine. While MEG seems to maintain the reactivity of both diisopropylamine and DEEA even in nonaqueous mixtures, nonaqueous solvents with NMP act essentially as physical absorbents. This is an important indication that MEG is able to take part in the reaction mechanism between these amines and CO2, perhaps through alkylcarbonate formation, a fact that can be traced back to its relatively low autoprotolysis constant (pKS). This study represents a departure from our previous treatment on loss of CO2 solubility in water-lean solvents with monoethanolamine based on solvation phenomena alone, as it has become clear that the shift in equilibria in solvents with hindered and tertiary amines must account for Le Chatelier’s principle.

Plume accumulation effect and interaction of plumes induced by irradiation of a copper target with a burst of nanosecond laser pulses near the ionization threshold

The interaction between plumes induced by irradiation of a copper target in argon background gas with a burst of nanosecond laser pulses is studied numerically. The two-dimensional (2D) simulations are performed based on a model that includes a thermal model of the irradiated target and a kinetic model of plume expansion. The latter is implemented in the form of the direct simulation Monte Carlo method, where the equilibrium ionization and absorption of laser radiation are considered. For the laser spot diameter varying from 20 μm to 200 μm, the 2D plume structure is found to be different from the structure predicted by a one-dimensional model. The simulations reveal a strong plume accumulation effect when the plumes generated by preceding pulses in a burst change the conditions of propagation for plumes induced by subsequent pulses. The inter-plume interaction can result in merging shock waves induced by individual pulses and formation of a single plume. The degree of plume accumulation depends on the inter-pulse separation, laser spot diameter, background gas pressure, and number of pulses. When the irradiation conditions for a single pulse are below the ionization threshold, the conditions of plasma ignition can be reached by increasing the number of laser pulses due to the plume accumulation effect. This results in plasma shielding and reduction of the effectiveness of material removal by the subsequent pulses in the burst. The plume accumulation effect, thus, determines the optimum number of pulses in the burst in applications of laser ablation for material removal.

Preparation of xanthan gum-based composite hydrogels with aligned porous structure

Aligned hydrogels have received increasing attention in tissue engineering and electrochemical fields due to their favorable structure. In this work, xanthan gum-based hydrogels (XGH) with aligned pores were prepared via photoinitiated free radical irradiation that used sodium acetate crystals as template. The microstructure, compressive strength, porosity, and absorption capacity of the hydrogel were studied and compared with the non-aligned hydrogels. Scanning electron microscope analysis confirmed the aligned porous structure of the hydrogel. The maximum compressive strength for the aligned hydrogel prepared with 12% acrylamide and 1.5% xanthan gum reached 0.439 MPa at a strain of 95%. Furthermore, aligned XGH exhibited better flexibility than non-aligned hydrogels, as indicated by the Young’s compressive modulus. The porosity of the aligned hydrogels ranged from 94.9% to 88.8% as the acrylamide concentration increased from 12% to 20%. Simulated body fluid absorption showed that hydrogels with aligned pores could attain absorption equilibrium within 5 min, and the maximum absorption capacity reached 33.6 g/g for the sample made with 0.5% xanthan gum and 12% acrylamide. In addition, exhibited preferable biocompatibility, as demonstrated by the cytotoxicity test.

Reduce, Reuse and Recycle in Protein Chromatography: Development of an Affinity Adsorbent from Waste Paper and Its Application for the Purification of Proteases from Fish By-Products.

In the present study, we report the development of a cellulose-based affinity adsorbent and its application for the purification of proteases from fish by-products. The affinity adsorbent was synthesized using cellulose microfibers as the matrix, isolated from recycled newspapers using the acid precipitation method. As an affinity ligand, the triazine dye Cibacron Blue 3GA (CB3GA) was used and immobilized directly onto the cellulose microfibers. Absorption equilibrium studies and frontal affinity chromatography were employed to evaluate the chromatographic performance of the adsorbent using as model proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYS). Absorption equilibrium studies suggest that the adsorption of both proteins obeys the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetics of adsorption obey the pseudo-second-order model. The affinity adsorbent was applied for the development of a purification procedure for proteases from Sparus aurata by-products (stomach and pancreas). A single-step purification protocol for trypsin and chymotrypsin was developed and optimized. The protocol afforded enzymes with high yields suitable for technical and industrial purposes.

Towards water-insensitive CO2-binding organic liquids for CO2 absorption: Effect of amines as promoter

Abstract CO2-binding organic liquids (CO2-BOLs) or reversible ionic liquids (RILs), are non-aqueous CO2-triggered switchable polarity solvents which can be used for energy efficient CO2 capture. In this study, the novel three-component CO2-BOLs are introduced. They are comprised of 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU) as an organic superbase and an alkanol in conjunction with an amine as a promoter. Screening experiments were performed to find the best combination of CO2-BOL components based on CO2 loading and absorption rate. The variables were: the type of alcohol (methanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol and 1-hexanol) and the type of amine (EEA, MEA, AMP, DEA, AEEA, PZ, TETA and DETA) using the DBU superbase. Statistical mixture design approach using Minitab 18 software was implemented for the design of experiments, modeling and optimization of CO2 loading at the fixed temperature of 35 °C and the initial CO2 pressure of 25 bar. It was found that DBU/MeOH/MEA system with the molar ratio of 0.3/0.17/0.53 has the maximum equilibrium absorption (αeq) and CO2 uptake within 30 min (αR) of 0.444 and 0.267 mol CO2/mol solvent, respectively. Amine additives promoted absorption efficiency and inhibited formation of solid precipitates (bicarbonate salt) in the presence of water impurity. Characterization of ionic species and explaining the water-inhibitory effect of MEA were obtained from FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis. Equilibrium CO2 solubility data in DBU/MeOH (1/2) and DBU/MeOH/MEA (0.3/0.6/0.1) CO2-BOLs were also obtained at temperatures of 308.2 and 318.2 K and pressure range of 0–33 bar. The results of present study can be used to effectively utilize CO2-BOLs in the wet conditions with higher absorption efficiency and lower regeneration energy.

Thermodynamic modeling of CO2 absorption in aqueous solutions of N,N-diethylethanolamine (DEEA) and N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine (MAPA) and their mixtures for carbon capture process simulation

Carbone capture by absorption–regeneration technology is a well-known process. However, the development and utilization of new solvents remains crucial to lower its energy consumption. Therefore, an accurate thermodynamic modeling is essential for the process simulation and optimization. This work focuses on the thermodynamic modeling of CO2 absorption in aqueous solutions of N,N-diethylethanolamine (DEEA), N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine (MAPA) and their mixtures using electrolyte NRTL model. A novel thermodynamic modeling of DEEA-H2O−CO2, MAPA-H2O−CO2 and DEEA-MAPA-H2O−CO2 systems was developed. The modeling was carried out by considering the pure vapor pressures, excess enthalpies, dielectric constants, physical solubilities of CO2, partial and total pressures experimental data. The predicted and correlated data such as vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) and heat of CO2 absorption were compared favorably to experimental data from the literature. Liquid–liquid phase separation of a specific mixture of these two amines was also highlighted. Subsequently, the developed model could be used for further simulations at large scale considering that successful validation was performed at pilot scale.

Excellent adsorption of Zn(II) using NaP zeolite adsorbent synthesized from coal fly ash via stage treatment

Herein, a novel method for the adsorption of metal ions from sewage by NaP zeolite adsorbent synthesized from stage-treated coal fly ash (CFA) was proposed. The pre-treatment of CFA and grading extraction of silicon and aluminum were explored, and the effects of crystallization parameters and sodium salts on the yield and purity of NaP zeolites were investigated. The characteristics of the zeolite product were measured by a series of characterization methods and the adsorption performance was also evaluated. Optimal treatment parameters were calcination at 800 °C for 3 h with m(CFA)/m(Na2CO3) = 1:1 and 3 mol/L HCl with m(CFA)/V(HCl) = 1 g: 10 mL, with high extraction efficiencies (Si: 91.40% and Al: 90.20%) through stage treatment method. NaP zeolite product exhibited higher purity (96.66%) and yield (94.24%) at 120 °C for 8 h with the addition of NaBr (entirely instead of NaOH, the purity was 90.57% and the yield was 87.82%). The effect of organic steric hindrance was connected with its molecular configuration. NaP zeolite with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) at n(Al2O3)/n(PEG) = 1:5 had the highest single-grain dispersion with the smallest grain size (2.13 μm). However, NaP zeolite with the addition of cyclohexanol (CyOH) at n(Al2O3)/n(CyOH) = 1:3 had the largest surface area (80.4 m2/g). During the Zn(II) adsorption, the appropriate pH value was identified at 5, and the adsorption process followed the pseudo second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm adsorption equations. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. NaP zeolite adsorbent exhibited excellent adsorption performance with Zn(II) concentration less than 0.2 ppm in the absorption equilibrium. Moreover, NaP zeolite as an effective adsorbent possessed excellent regeneration.