Equal Rights Research Articles

STRATEGIES AND BEST PRACTICES FOR PROMOTING INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TO MEET DIVERSE LEARNING NEEDS

The article deals with an important aspect of implementing inclusive education strategies. The purpose of the article is to highlight the issue of implementing inclusive education in the modern educational environment. The authors reveal the main aspects and benefits of inclusive education for persons with special needs. One of the key topics of the article is the consideration of strategies aimed at rethinking the attitude of society and the state to this problem. Today, society recognises the equal rights of person with special needs and provides them with equal opportunities in all areas of life, including education. The authors analyse the essence of inclusive education, which is the creation of conditions for the education and upbringing of children with special needs in joint groups. An important aspect of inclusive education is an individual approach to each child, regardless of their physiological, mental, social or other characteristics. Inclusive education creates an opportunity for a child to become an equal member of society and reduces the risks of isolation and segregation. Further research should be aimed at finding optimal strategies for implementing inclusive education to meet the tension between the needs of integration of persons with disabilities and the demand of society for quality education.

Gender stereotypes in Ukrainian advertising texts

Gender discrimination is an urgent problem that affects various aspects of public life, including advertising. In the context of Ukrainian reality, where transformations and changes are taking place, it is important to identify and understand the presence of gender stereotypes and discriminatory practices in advertising. The purpose of the study is to identify signs of gender discrimination in Ukrainian advertising and develop proposals to overcome it. Methods: analysis, generalisation, systematisation, synthesis. The results of a study of gender discrimination in Ukrainian advertising texts indicate the prevalence of gender stereotypes reflected in advertising campaigns. The study also suggests ways to identify gender discrimination in advertising texts, such as analysing roles, images, language use, and stereotypes. However, now in Ukrainian advertising there is a tendency to rethink views on the advertising product. As a result of the study, the main strategies for overcoming gender discrimination were formed, which included expanding roles, using positive stereotypes, emancipation, cooperation with gender organisations, including self-regulation of the advertising industry, and education to raise public awareness. As a result of the study of gender stereotypes, it was established that modern advertisers tend to understand the importance of building a tolerant and fair society and creating advertising content that positively affects the perception of gender roles and contributes to the development of equal rights for women and men. The results of the study can be useful for advertising agencies, creative teams, and marketers working on creating non-stereotypical advertising campaigns.

Indirect Discrimination and the Hospital Relocation Cases

ABSTRACTThis article develops a theory of indirect discrimination by analyzing a series of lawsuits that challenged hospital relocations in the 1970s. In these cases, civil rights groups argued that the relocation of hospitals from cities to suburbs was a form of racial discrimination. Although these lawsuits failed, I aim to support the plaintiffs' arguments that the hospital relocations were discriminatory. Drawing on three recent theories – those of Benjamin Eidelson, Deborah Hellman, and Sophia Moreau – I develop an account of indirect discrimination that is rooted in resource‐specific equality rights such as those found in international human rights law. Building on this account, I argue that the human right to health equity can explain why the hospital relocations were discriminatory.

Self-initiated protection behavior based on Magna Carta of women: Women health workers, teachers, and minimum-wage earners in the workplace

The problem of violence in the workplace continues to expand and it casts a shadow on organizational environments all around the world. This phenomenon extends to different fields or sectors and is pervasive throughout a wide range of job environments, such as those in the healthcare industry, educational institutions, local and informal economies, and service industries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the actions of working women when their rights had been/will be violated. This quantitative study was conducted in Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines among women in academe (n=121) and health institutions (n=39), and women of minimum-wage earners (n=42). Findings indicated that working women in the region tend to seek information outside their organizations when violence will happen; they also seek information when their rights once were violated. In some instances, they would only file a complaint when they feel discriminated against and when equal rights in the workplace are not well implemented. Notably, minimum-wage earners and health workers are more likely to file a complaint than teachers. The findings resonate with broader societal patterns wherein hesitancy to report workplace violations are deeply embedded. Such behaviors perpetuate gender-based violence and hinder the development of gender-sensitive and conducive workplaces. To deconstruct the gender and development (GAD) limitations, interventions need to extend beyond the present organizational policies to instill a culture of empowerment and safety for all individuals, fostering an environment conducive to open discussions, proactive conflict resolution mechanisms, and reliable report systems.

Mengenali Potensi Dan Pengalaman Karir Individu Para Disabilitas

In the midst of job competition between countries in Asia, people with disabilities must also fight for their place in the job market. People with disabilities, who may face physical, mental, intellectual, motor and sensory barriers, face the additional challenge of finding employment commensurate with their abilities and barriers. Although the Indonesian government has made efforts to provide equal rights to people with disabilities through laws and policies, many challenges remain. Many people with disabilities are forced to work in the informal sector with low wages, and low participation. Therefore, research on the career prospects and experiences of individuals with disabilities is important in identifying the obstacles faced and exploring solutions that can improve disability inclusion in the world of work. Literature studies can provide valuable insights into the potential and problems experienced by people with disabilities in finding and maintaining employment, and provide a basis for the development of more inclusive policies and more effective support. By encouraging better accessibility and providing appropriate support services, communities and governments can help people with disabilities develop their potential and achieve success in their careers, while ensuring that work environments become more inclusive for all individuals, regardless of background or physical condition.

Measuring and explaining political tolerance among adolescents: insights from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016

BackgroundTolerance is a prerequisite for deliberative democracies. Therefore, fostering tolerance is an important task for educational systems in democracies. In the present study, the concepts of social and political tolerance were disentangled and applied to the measurement approaches of the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016 (ICCS 2016). A single scale of political tolerance was proposed by identifying items on equal rights of women and men, different racial and ethnic groups and immigrants that capture the support of equal political rights. Previous research indicates different approaches that might be used to foster tolerance in schools.MethodsThis study used the rarely applied alignment method to identify a political tolerance scale that was sufficiently invariant in the 15 participating European educational systems. The alignment method identifies solutions with minimal amounts of non-invariance. Multilevel regression analyses are used to identify which aspects of schooling are predictive of political tolerance at the student and at the school level.ResultsThe alignment analyses revealed a sufficiently invariant solution for the 15 education systems that could be used in regression analyses. While cognitive learning showed only a weak relationship with political tolerance, teacher fairness was relevant at student and school level. An open classroom climate was a positive predictor with relevant strength only at school level. Further multigroup analyses indicated that the results at the student level were stable between countries, while school level indicators varied more strongly between countries.ConclusionsResearchers need to acknowledge the conceptual differences between social and political tolerance in their measurement approaches. The alignment method can be useful to create scales that are comparable between many different educational systems. While educational systems differ strongly in their school level variance of political tolerance, teachers can play an important role in fostering political tolerance at the student level.

Portrayal of Social Oppression and Adjectives illustration in Character of Bakha in Untouchable

Indian caste system is hot cake to be discussed globally and has become source of endless speculation for the researchers. Caste system and status co. has become a social evil that portrays the tribulations and tortures of marginalized unprivileged people. A society where social class and caste were pervasive, this study reflects the powerlessness of Bakha who aspired to be an Englishman to get recognition, preserve dignity and to earn an identity as a human. Objective s of present study is to highlight those adjectives indited Mulk Raj Anand in portraying the character sketch of Bakha. The social effect of book is analyzed using Van Djik theory of cognitive approach with a focus on the character of Bakha.This novel depicits the social concern that is analyzed by the van djik theoretical application by close reading of text and purposively sampling of the text relevant to Bakha socially, culturally and economically marginalized. They are common victims and suppressive as they do not have the economic and political power to fight back the upper-class people’s supremacy. They are not able get the voice to speak out their condition and portray themselves before the world. These subalterns have very few chances to change their fate in society which is measured by the upper class and closes the options like consciousness, education and equal rights to raise their status.

Exploring the Experiences of Regional and Rural Revictimized Women in a Group Empowerment Program

ABSTRACT Sexual revictimization can have a negative impact on many facets of women’s wellbeing, yet limited evidence exists regarding specific interventions that support healing and the reduction of further revictimization. This paper will explore regional and rural women’s experience of a group-based empowerment program, the Shark Cage program, in Victoria, Australia. The “Shark Cage” program aims to address revictimization by empowering women and girls to build personal boundaries and assertiveness within the context of gender equality and human rights. Data were collected via participant observations across the 8-week program, in combination with semi-structured interviews with participants (N = 11) pre and post intervention. All participants had access to therapeutic support outside of the program. Findings indicate that the program fostered connections among women with shared experiences of sexual revictimization, reducing feelings of isolation. Participants detailed the benefit of developing and practicing skills in reducing revictimization, such as assertiveness and boundary setting. Program learning and recovery was embedded within a network of embodied emotions, social connections, cultural norms and place-based relations that influenced how participants recovery could be understood, processed and addressed.

New Liberalisms for the Masses: Ontological Aristocratism and Equal Rights in José Ortega y Gasset’s La rebelión de las masas (1930) and María Zambrano’s Horizonte del liberalismo (1930)

In view of the importance of mass movements and the sociopolitical crises in the early twentieth century, this article offers close readings of the liberalisms proposed in La rebelión de las masas and Horizonte del liberalismo. Ortega posits an ontological differentiation between masas and minorías excelentes based on the notion of “effort,” allowing individuals not belonging to hereditary aristocracies to ideologically appropriate aristocratic prestige. By contrast, Zambrano emphasizes the power of reform invested in the liberal subject. Although they assess the equality of rights divergently, both philosophers coincide in situating aristocratism at the core of liberalism.

Women as an Active Agent of Food Security-Issues and Challenges

Achieving food security and eliminating hunger and poverty within 2030 as aimed in Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) necessitates the active role of women, which constitutes 48.41% (Census,2022) of the total population of India. The role of this active agent of society is undermined by prevailing gender discrimination and inequalities. In this backdrop, the present study is designed as follows- Purpose: (i) To analyse the critical role of women in achieving food security (ii) To identify the constraints of gender equality and (iii) To generate priority interventions for gender equality and women empowerment. Methodology: In this secondary analysis of cross-sectional data, we used data from different international and national reports like NFHS, Agricultural Census Reports, reports of FAO and UNDP etc. The critical role of women is analysed with the help of available descriptive statistics. Results: The existing 16.3% of undernourished people in India (Global Food Insecurity Index,2022) invariably necessitates empowering women with equal rights and opportunities as men. There is a need for proactive interventions to minimize the 48% empowerment deficit (Women Empowerment Index) and 44% (GGPI) gender gap in the country. Limitations: The women groups considered in different research and reports vary in age groups, which limits the comparison of data. Originality: The constraints women face in attaining food security are based on their functions as producers, consumers and distributors of the food chain, expected to provide a basis for further research in this regard.

The role of the European Union in third-country immigrant integration

This paper investigates the effectiveness of current approach to third-country immigrant integration in Europe and assesses the potential for increased EU involvement in shaping integration strategies. Analysing disparities in immigrants' treatment and rights across EU member states, the paper reveals barriers to achieving successful integration and equal rights. The paper contemplates the complex interplay between integration, national sovereignty, and rising nationalism, necessitating careful consideration in any proposed EU intervention. Ultimately, the paper underscores the importance of a comprehensive two-way approach to integration, grounded in respect and empathy, highlighting the potential for EU involvement to address systemic challenges and foster a more inclusive European society.

On the basis of sex: a liberal feminist analysis of women’s struggle for education

This study delves into the portrayal of women's struggles for education as depicted in the Hollywood film “On the Basis of Sex.” It seeks to address the pervasive influence of patriarchal dominance that impedes women's educational rights. The narrative is primarily framed around the life experiences of the film's central figure, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who contends with male counterparts in her quest for admission to prestigious law school programs in the United States. Simultaneously, feminists advocate for education as a cornerstone for women's empowerment and gender equality. It empowers women to become agents of change, thereby emphasising their equal rights to shape a better world. The research adopts a qualitative approach, collecting both primary and secondary data, and employs liberal feminist critical theory for data analysis. Key findings reveal the disadvantaged state of American women in the late 1950s, marked by limited educational access. Despite these obstacles, women, exemplified by Ginsburg, displayed unwavering determination and unity in their pursuit of improved educational opportunities, subsequently expanding their presence in the legal profession and public employment. Ginsburg’s remarkable journey serves as an enduring symbol of resilience and inspiration for others, reaffirming the notion that education is a universal right transcending gender barrier.

Shishur Sevay: Promoting Civic Engagement and Belonging for Disabled Young Women in India

This is a case study of Shishur Sevay, an inclusive home and school for orphaned young women in Kolkata, West Bengal presented through the lens of disability rights and civic engagement from two disabled Desi scholars. It contrasts practices in the organization with disability policies in India and examines how emphasis on full inclusion contributes to the young women’s experiences of civic engagement. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with students, teachers, childcare workers, administrators, and board members (n = 32). Secondary artifacts (i.e. news articles, blogs) were used to inform the study. Transcripts were analyzed using structural and in vivo codes with applications of Bhattacharya’s Par/Des(i) framework. Fostering community involvement has been key to a shared value of civic engagement – as seen by the organization’s challenging of institutional apathy and segregation, working towards equal rights in the home and providing opportunities for leisure for all.

Status of women in indian Parliament

The development of any nation only depends on the status of women in the society. Fifty percent of the world’s population comprises of women. In this male dominated society, women have always suffered. We need to make the women of our country strong socially, economically, and politically and we need to tell the men of our country about their wrongdoings. The position of women stays the same everywhere. In a country like India, on the hand the goddess is a women and on the other hand she is ill-treated, oppressed, suppressed, and exploited by the male of our society. The United Nations report states the “women constitutes half of the world population, perform nearly 2/3 work hours, receive the tenth of the world’s income and own less than one – hundredth percent of the world’s property. ”One of the major problem’s which women are dealing today is with the political participation(space).Not all women are given the equal rights in the society to choose their desired candidate or stand in elections or go for election campaigns or even be associated with political parties.

Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Literature

The purpose of this paper is to comparatively study the differences and commonalities between Chinese literature and Western literature. First of all, the characteristics of the two are compared from three aspects, namely, presentation methods, thematic contents and literary forms. Chinese literature focuses on mood, ambiguity, and emphasizes the natural flow of emotions; while Western literature attaches importance to structure, logic, and pursues innovation in form. In terms of thematic content, Chinese literature tends to express personal emotions and expresses the harmony between human beings and nature and society; while Western literature focuses on the conflict between individuals and society and emphasizes freedom, equality and human rights. In terms of literary forms, Chinese literature coexists in various forms such as poetry, prose and novels, while Western literature takes novels, dramas and poems as its main forms. Secondly, this study explores the reasons for the differences between the two in terms of cultural background, writers' creative concepts and readers' acceptance. Chinese literature is deeply influenced by traditional cultural ideas such as Confucianism and Taoism, emphasizing moral education and philosophy of life; while Western literature is influenced by ancient Greek and Roman myths as well as religious beliefs such as Christianity, focusing on the inner world of man and exploring human nature. In terms of writers' creative concepts, Chinese writers tend to focus on social harmony from the perspective of traditional morality and ethics, while Western writers advocate the liberation of individuality and the pursuit of the realization of personal values. In terms of readers' acceptance, Chinese literature focuses on aesthetic experience and emotional resonance, while Western literature pays more attention to logical reasoning and thinking. The comparative study of Chinese literature and Western literature can help us better understand the diversity of world literature and enrich our concepts of literary aesthetics and creation. At the same time, by learning from the excellent achievements of Western literature, we can promote the innovation and development of Chinese literature.

Women and Nationality Laws in the GCC States Gender Discrimination and Violation of Constitutional Rights

The paper reviews the situation of a number of GCC states where women married to non-national husbands find themselves and their children in a unique and un-justiciable position. The paper systematically reviews constitutional provisions for equality, and looks at the case law in these states that promise gender equality for all before the law. But it notes that a major exception in all GCC states is that of the right of women married to non-national men, to pass nationality to their children. The objectives of this article rest on proving that nationality laws of the GCC States appertaining to the practice of not allowing national women married to foreign men to pass nationality to their children is breaching a constitution rules. The study adopted a comparative and analytical approach, where the relevant data have been analyzed; this includes constitutional laws, nationality laws, case law of the high courts in the GCC States as well as books and articles. This study has shown that although all GCC States have declared in their constitutions that rights and freedoms are ensured and guaranteed, in practice, the story is different: the right of gender equality and right of litigation are being violated. This study has demonstrated that rules on acquisition of nationality in the GCC States involves clear discrimination against national women. Such a situation undoubtedly beaches the constitutional provisions of equality, and therefore should be amended. In a situation of developing human rights awareness in the GCC states, this paper explores how there appears to be an exception, in the form of nationality rights for women and children. The paper reviews the situation of a number of GCC states where women married to non-national husbands find themselves and their children in a unique and un-justiciable position. The paper systematically reviews constitutional provisions for equality, and looks at the case law in these states that promise gender equality for all before the law. But it notes that a major exception in all GCC states is that of the right of women married to non-national men, to pass nationality to their children. The paper asks if this anomaly is still justified in the 21st century. The objectives of this article rest on proving that nationality laws of the GCC States appertaining to the practice of not allowing national women married to foreign men to pass nationality to their children is breaching a constitution rules. The study adopted a comparative and analytical approach, where the relevant data have been analyzed; this includes constitutional laws, nationality laws, case law of the high courts in the GCC States as well as books and articles. This study has shown that although all GCC States have declared in their constitutions that rights and freedoms are ensured and guaranteed, in practice, the story is different: the right of gender equality and right of litigation are being violated. This study has demonstrated that rules on acquisition of nationality in the GCC States involves clear discrimination against national women. Such a situation undoubtedly beaches the constitutional provisions of equality, and therefore should be amended.

Application of Standard Agreements in Lease Purchase Contracts: Legal Implications of Business in the Realm of Civil Law

Business practices provide easy access to capital for certain goods. Hire purchase arises when the buyer cannot afford to pay cash. Standard agreements cannot be negotiated by consumers. In Indonesia, this practice is growing rapidly, especially in the motorbike trade. The application of standard agreements has important implications in business law, such as consumer protection and dispute resolution. Research on this subject is important for identifying challenges and opportunities in modern business. This legal research uses a normative juridical approach, which is a research method that relies on secondary data sources, such as library materials. This normative juridical approach involves analysis of legal principles, legal systematics, as well as vertical and horizontal synchronization in the civil law system in Indonesia. The results of this research are that the research highlights the importance of understanding the business practices of hire purchase contracts, especially the application of standard agreements and their legal implications. This raises questions regarding the balance of rights and obligations between providers and recipients of goods or services. It is important to understand the legal framework to ensure equality of rights and obligations and maintain the principles of consumer protection and public order in this business practice

Child Rights of Children with Disabilities

Approximately 16% of the global population have some type of disability. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities defines disability as having a long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment that interacts with the environment hinders one participation in society on an equal basis with others. Despite their privilege to equal rights and opportunities, children with disabilities often face discrimination and barriers to expressing themselves fully. The study aims to assess the existing knowledge regarding the right of children with disabilities among stakeholders. A total of 72 stakeholders involved in childhood disability were surveyed using a cross-sectional, exploratory research design. Individual interviews with semi-structured questionnaires were conducted. The findings revealed that 56% of respondents had limited or no awareness of the rights outlined for children with disabilities by the United Nations. Only 24% of stakeholders were familiar with existing educational policies aimed at facilitating the education of children with disabilities. The study highlights the urgent need for increased awareness and education among stakeholders regarding the guiding principles of UN child rights to promote the equitable treatment and inclusion of children with disabilities in society.

Astronomy Education for the Persons with Disability: A Systematic Literature Review

Astronomy Education for the Persons with Disability: A Systematic Literature Review

Low on the Kinsey scale: Homosexuality in Swedish and Finnish sex research, 1960s–1990s

This article addresses the history of sociological sex research and its reception in Sweden and Finland. It describes the background and implementation of the first study in Sweden in 1967, and how the methodology of this study was adopted in Finland in 1971. Both of these studies were followed up in the 1990s with surveys that documented the changes in sexuality, 1992 in Finland and 1996 in Sweden. As the studies were labelled ‘Kinsey studies’ of their respective countries, the article examines the effect that the work of Alfred Kinsey's research group had on them. In particular, the article pays attention to the role of homosexuality in the studies and their reception, both in the mainstream media and in lesbian and gay organizations’ magazines. The article argues that, even though the studies recognized their position on the continuum of sex research stemming from Kinsey's work, they did not have a similar role in normalizing homosexuality. On the contrary, the studies showed diminishingly small numbers of homosexual respondents, even in the 1990s, when lesbian and gay rights were rapidly developing, and the studies were used to argue against equality and minority rights.