Ephemeral Events Research Articles

The Devil’s outriders: a LiDAR and KOCOA investigation of the battle of Buckhead Creek, 1864

ABSTRACT Funded by an American Battlefield Protection Program grant, LiDAR and KOCOA, guided a systematic metal detector survey to identify, and evaluate levels of preservation and battle pattern signatures from the Battle of Buckhead Creek, the largest American Civil War battle site in Southeast Georgia untouched by development. In November 1864, during Sherman’s March to the Sea, Confederate and Union cavalry forces waged a running battle across Jenkins and Burke County, Georgia. These actions were ephemeral events in an archaeological sense, in time-depth and their impact on the archaeological record. However, this paper demonstrates that the application of conflict archaeology methodologies can identify and evaluate these sites, despite their wide-ranging geographical context, short-time spans, and the impacts of illicit metal detecting on the battle site.

Machine learning with taxonomic family delimitation aids in the classification of ephemeral beaked whale events in passive acoustic monitoring.

Passive acoustic monitoring is an essential tool for studying beaked whale populations. This approach can monitor elusive and pelagic species, but the volume of data it generates has overwhelmed researchers' ability to quantify species occurrence for effective conservation and management efforts. Automation of data processing is crucial, and machine learning algorithms can rapidly identify species using their sounds. Beaked whale acoustic events, often infrequent and ephemeral, can be missed when co-occurring with signals of more abundant, and acoustically active species that dominate acoustic recordings. Prior efforts on large-scale classification of beaked whale signals with deep neural networks (DNNs) have approached the class as one of many classes, including other odontocete species and anthropogenic signals. That approach tends to miss ephemeral events in favor of more common and dominant classes. Here, we describe a DNN method for improved classification of beaked whale species using an extensive dataset from the western North Atlantic. We demonstrate that by training a DNN to focus on the taxonomic family of beaked whales, ephemeral events were correctly and efficiently identified to species, even with few echolocation clicks. By retrieving ephemeral events, this method can support improved estimation of beaked whale occurrence in regions of high odontocete acoustic activity.

The anaerobic soil volume as a controlling factor of denitrification: a review

AbstractDenitrification is an important component of the nitrogen cycle in soil, returning reactive nitrogen to the atmosphere. Denitrification activity is often concentrated spatially in anoxic microsites and temporally in ephemeral events, which presents a challenge for modelling. The anaerobic fraction of soil volume can be a useful predictor of denitrification in soils. Here, we provide a review of this soil characteristic, its controlling factors, its estimation from basic soil properties and its implementation in current denitrification models. The concept of the anaerobic soil volume and its relationship to denitrification activity has undergone several paradigm shifts that came along with the advent of new oxygen and microstructure mapping techniques. The current understanding is that hotspots of denitrification activity are partially decoupled from air distances in the wet soil matrix and are mainly associated with particulate organic matter (POM) in the form of fresh plant residues or manure. POM fragments harbor large amounts of labile carbon that promote local oxygen consumption and, as a result, these microsites differ in their aeration status from the surrounding soil matrix. Current denitrification models relate the anaerobic soil volume fraction to bulk oxygen concentration in various ways but make little use of microstructure information, such as the distance between POM and air-filled pores. Based on meta-analyses, we derive new empirical relationships to estimate the conditions for the formation of anoxia at the microscale from basic soil properties and we outline how these empirical relationships could be used in the future to improve prediction accuracy of denitrification models at the soil profile scale.

Development of Complementary Photo-arginine/lysine to Promote Discovery of Arg/Lys hPTMs Interactomes.

Arginine and lysine, frequently appearing as a pair on histones, have been proven to carry diverse modifications and execute various epigenetic regulatory functions. However, the most context-specific and transient effectors of these marks, while significant, have evaded study as detection methods have thus far not reached a standard to capture these ephemeral events. Herein, a pair of complementary photo-arginine/δ-photo-lysine (R-dz/K-dz) probes is developed and involve these into histone peptide, nucleosome, and chromatin substrates to capture and explore the interactomes of Arg and Lys hPTMs. By means of these developed tools, this study identifies that H3R2me2a can recruit MutS protein homolog 6 (MSH6), otherwise repelDouble PHD fingers 2 (DPF2), Retinoblastoma binding protein 4/7 (RBBP4/7). And it is disclosed that H3R2me2a inhibits the chromatin remodeling activity of the cBAF complex by blocking the interaction between DPF2 (one component of cBAF) and the nucleosome. In addition, the novel pairs of H4K5 PTMs and respective readers are highlighted, namely H4K5me-Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 2 (L3MBTL2), H4K5me2-L3MBTL2, and H4K5acK8ac-YEATS domain-containing protein 4 (YEATS4). These powerful tools pave the way for future investigation of related epigenetic mechanisms including but not limited to hPTMs.

Libros que también fueron exposiciones

Many of the books that have recorded the history of architecture in Colombia were also exhibitions. Between 1977 and 1992, when the study of the history of Colombian architecture reached great growth, architecture exhibitions and their accompanying publications were decisive actors in shaping Colombian architectural culture. In addition to documenting these ephemeral events, the publications fostered criticism, academic research, and heritage conservation. Although the enduring nature of books has ensured their significance, the history of architecture exhibitions has been forgotten. Through archival research and interviews, this article recovers the history of two architecture exhibitions from 1980 and 1985, a history that reveals the entanglement of the exhibition of architecture and its editorial dissemination.

Performative Mo(nu)ments

Abstract The forms of popular and mass theater developed in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany reached back to classical antiquity to reinvent theater as a secular rite. At first glance, the use of the theatrical medium is at odds with the classicizing monumentality that characterized the cultural expression of fascist regimes. Theatrical performances are by their very nature ephemeral events; unlike monuments, they do not leave their mark on civic space, and can barely provide a testament to generations to come. Drawing on performance theory and cultural history, the author argues that these antiquity-inspired performances provided powerful sites of re-enacting the myth of national rebirth. Fascist regimes used open-air theaters and forms modelled on Greek theater, whilst also tapping into the notions of performance that had been developed within the traditions of the theatrical vanguard to offer the experience of a reborn past. These performances brought forth grandiose visions of classical antiquity through living bodies and helped to embed the imagined past into a mythicized present. The intertwining between the theatrical medium and classical reception allow us to demonstrate the significance of embodied practices in shaping fascism’s political radicalism.

Pocodisco: The sonic performativity of grief, grievance, and joy in diaspora

AbstractThis article examines the intersection between diasporic melancholia, dance, and world music. These phenomena coalesce at postcolonial discos, or public gatherings where political movement takes the form of dance, sound, and eros. I explore the network that connects various times and places to this fantastical dreamland of a sonic postcolonial future and the DJs and producers who keep those records spinning. Focusing especially on the queer and feminist nature of these spaces and sounds, I explore how these artists/activist/curators work outside of institutional contexts as public media archaeologists who excavate and re‐present sounds thought long lost to diasporic communities who occupy a precarious relationship to histories of belonging. These artists contribute to radical acts of space‐making that are not merely fleeting and ephemeral events but instead participate in a legacy of the postcolonial disco, or acts of place‐making with the potential for radical forms of diasporic and postcolonial belonging across space and time.

How to Digitally Preserve UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage? A Web-archive for Ephemeral Events at the Basler Carnival

How to Digitally Preserve UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage? A Web-archive for Ephemeral Events at the Basler Carnival

From sunrise to sunset: Exploring landscape preference through global reactions to ephemeral events captured in georeferenced social media.

Events profoundly influence human-environment interactions. Through repetition, some events manifest and amplify collective behavioral traits, which significantly affects landscapes and their use, meaning, and value. However, the majority of research on reaction to events focuses on case studies, based on spatial subsets of data. This makes it difficult to put observations into context and to isolate sources of noise or bias found in data. As a result, inclusion of perceived aesthetic values, for example, in cultural ecosystem services, as a means to protect and develop landscapes, remains problematic. In this work, we focus on human behavior worldwide by exploring global reactions to sunset and sunrise using two datasets collected from Instagram and Flickr. By focusing on the consistency and reproducibility of results across these datasets, our goal is to contribute to the development of more robust methods for identifying landscape preference using geo-social media data, while also exploring motivations for photographing these particular events. Based on a four facet context model, reactions to sunset and sunrise are explored for Where, Who, What, and When. We further compare reactions across different groups, with the aim of quantifying differences in behavior and information spread. Our results suggest that a balanced assessment of landscape preference across different regions and datasets is possible, which strengthens representativity and exploring the How and Why in particular event contexts. The process of analysis is fully documented, allowing transparent replication and adoption to other events or datasets.

Public Celebrations, the Other, and Emotional Responses. New approaches to the Iberian Royal entries in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period

Traditionally, when dealing with the study of urban celebrations in the Middle and Early Modern periods, historiography has accepted the concept of Gesamtkunstwerk to point out the magnificence and diversity of artistic expressions that were part of these ephemeral events. Without totally opposing this idea, reinforced by methodological currents such as the history of emotions, this paper aims to reflect on the concept of urban celebrations. We will provide new perspectives in the study of these performances, especially their short-lived nature, which prevented the people from having access to all the acts and messages that involved these events. To this end, we propose a new approach to documentary and literary sources, from the point of view of the analysis of the Muslim other. We study its visual representation as well as its role as a spectator and active participant, especially as a dancer or musician. This allows us to present a new methodological framework using Valencia as a case study.

A Swarm of Scholars: Adopting & Improving on the Swarm Method of Collaborative Qualitative Research

This session introduces the swarm methodology and discusses its viability as a qualitative approach to research involving large, ephemeral events. It will also encourage interdisciplinary relationship-building and the elaboration of applications of the swarm methodology by integrating ideas from diverse fields including marketing, international business, organizational behavior, strategy, and social issues. This collaborative caucus session will invite attendees to identify potential swarm targets and research programs, ideally resulting in the conceptualization and seeding of at least one new swarm project (Steps 1 and 2 of the swarm research process; see Kilker, 2009; Exploring a new methodology: Background, planning and lessons from the 2007 tradeshow ‘swarm’ project).

HONK!United: A Virtual Global Festival of Activist Brass Bands during the COVID-19 Pandemic

While many social activities abruptly went online due to the pandemic, the HONK! Festivals of Activist Brass Bands would seem an unlikely candidate for going virtual. The global network of HONK! Festivals that emerged in Boston in 2006 fills public spaces around the world with crowds and acoustic music, promoting live, “unmediated” musical experiences. As such gatherings became impossible in 2020, this global festival network conceived of a virtual festival that would connect the diffuse festivals, which had generally been limited to local, ephemeral events. In the course of fifty hours over eight days in October 2020, HONK!United brought together musicians and activists from all seven continents to share music videos, documentaries, live chats, workshops, and panels, providing an opportunity for these disparate communities to gain unprecedented self-consciousness as a global movement. Drawing on the works of Judith Butler and Anna Tsing, this article discusses the practical and conceptual implications of making an in-person event virtual, the politics of public assembly in a virtual format, and frictions between diverse musical communities in global conversation. We argue that although the pandemic presented tremendous challenges to the sustainability of live music cultures, it also provided previously unimaginable opportunities for musical movement building across the world.

Light on Fire: The Art and Life of Sam Francis

Light on Fire: The Art and Life of Sam Francis

Performance beyond Drama

The field of performance studies has invigorated premodern scholarship by directing critical attention to live, ephemeral events that unsettle the textual archive. This special issue of JMEMS builds on this work by stepping away from the usual emphasis on theater and its texts to examine “performance” conceived more broadly. With case studies that range from a pig-clubbing “game” in medieval festivals to the gnomic utterances of secretive eighteenth-century philosophical rituals, these essays ask how we study a medium that has, by its nature, disappeared. How, in other words, do we engage textual remnants to locate traces of embodied action? A forum midway through the issue offers speculative and provocative answers to this question, and an afterword takes a wider view of the enterprise to think through its implications for periodization and historical analysis.

Assessing the inter-annual variability of vegetation phenological events observed from satellite vegetation index time series in dryland sites

Tracking dryland vegetation phenology under a changing climate is of great concern because dryland ecosystems have broad spatial coverage and are important drivers of global carbon cycles. However, dryland ecosystems often consist of two or more different vegetation types with divergent phenological patterns and are characterized by relatively low vegetation greenup signal compared to noise present in satellite imagery. Thus, accurately characterizing dryland phenology – including the start, peak, and end of season (SOS, POS, and EOS, respectively) – across large temporal and spatial scales with satellite vegetation indices (VIs) has proven challenging. Working across six dryland flux tower sites in the United States from 2003 to 2014, we asked: 1) How well do satellite VIs explain GPP? 2) How accurately can satellite VIs characterize the number and timing of phenological transition dates? and 3) Why does this accuracy vary across VIs? To address these questions, we used daily GPP data from the FLUXNET2015 dataset. We computed four daily VIs from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensor including two greenness indices (i.e., NDVI and EVI), and two water-related indices (i.e., Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) and NDVI-LSWI difference). We derived phenological transition dates from spline smoothed VI and GPP time series. We found that all major phenological patterns apparent in GPP time series were present in VI data across sites and VIs. Among the four VIs, EVI explained the most variance in daily GPP (R2 = 0.65). Between 88 and 90% of phenological events found in GPP time series – especially recurring, large magnitude events but also some sporadic, small ephemeral events – were detected from MODIS VI data. The rate of omission, when an event was detected from GPP but not from VI data, was similar across VIs (10–12% of all GPP events). Commissions, when an event was detected from VI but not from GPP data, varied more widely from 18% for NDVI to 30% for LSWI. Transition date accuracy as measured by mean absolute difference (MAD) between GPP- and VI-derived SOS and POS ranged from 13 to 15 days across VIs but was lower for EOS (17–26 days). EOS from LSWI most accurately characterized GPP-derived EOS. This may be because LSWI is sensitive to leaf water content, which declines in certain dryland vegetation even when leaves remain green. Our results highlight the potential for satellite VI-derived metrics to accurately track spatio-temporal variation in the phenological event occurrence and timing in dryland ecosystems.

The Visual Culture of Revelation: Visions and the Images that Reveal Them

It is often thought that since remote, rare, and ephemeral events such as apparitions are not available to the direct observation of scholars, the question of their nature as events must be set aside in scholarly inquiry. This results in a focus on meaning that can ignore the qualities of the event as reported and as apprehended by devotional imagery that emerges over time to provide access to the event and its relevance for devotional practice. It also encourages concepts of revelation that are not able to consider the event as a visual form of experience and regard revelation itself as something that must be either true or false. This essay proceeds otherwise, arguing that revelation is not a single, closed event, but an ongoing visual process in which sketchy schemata interact with fixed imagery to interpret the event in an ongoing history of iconography and visual interpretation. The essay focuses on the visuality of devotion to Our Lady of Fátima as a case study in how seeing works and imagery functions to make revelation a visual process whose devotional life is ongoing.

After 1918

After 1918

Mesoscale inertial transition in granular materials

Granular assemblies can experience complex failure patterns along a given loading path, with a distribution of ephemeral inertial events marked by local outbursts in kinetic energy. However, investigating such mechanisms appears to be necessary to understand how a certain failure mode develops in a granular material. Using a discrete element method, this study highlights several microstructure reorganizations before the specimen reaches a proper failure state. Meso structures have proven to be efficient to understand the elementary mechanisms responsible for these outbursts in kinetic energy. Strain–like and stress-like quantities are thus defined at a mesoscale and they are used to characterize the nucleation and propagation of these local microstructural events.

False Pass, Alaska: Significant changes in depth and shoreline in the historic time period

AbstractGlobal ocean circulation is limited partly by the small passes of Alaska's Aleutian Islands, which restrict North Pacific Ocean water from flowing north into the Bering Sea and eventually to the Arctic, but the size and shape of these Aleutian passes are poorly described. While quantitatively redefining all of the Aleutian passes, we determined that the easternmost pass, with the cryptic name of False Pass, and with an unusual configuration of having both northern and southern inlets, had two or more inlets to the Bering Sea in the recent past, but that it has only a single northern inlet now (15,822 m2), roughly equivalent in size to the southern inlet, Isanotski Strait (15,969 m2). Navigational charts depict the opposite: two inlets to the Bering Sea now, but just one in older charts (1926–43). This discrepancy inspired a thorough review of the hydrographic history from which we concluded that the second northern inlet did exist and hypothesize that it was a remnant of multiple former openings, or a single large opening, potentially allowing greater northward flow of warmer, fresher Alaska Coastal Current water. While the shoreline changes that we document here are often regarded as minor, ephemeral events, we document similar, nearby, permanent shoreline shifts which changed Ikatan Island into a peninsula and which shifted the Swanson Lagoon outlet over 3 km to the east.

НАРРАТИВНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ В РОМАНЕ Л. УЛИЦКОЙ «КАЗУС КУКОЦКОГО»

Problem statement and goal. Lyudmila Ulitskaya is one of the most widely read contemporary Russian authors. L. Ulitskaya’s works are popular not only in Russia, but also in other countries. They arouse genuine research interest both among literary critics and linguists. Currently, there are more than two dozen dissertations, many review chapters in monographs, as well as scientific articles devoted to the analysis of such works of the author as novellas Sonechka, The Funeral Party, Women’s Lies; collections of short stories Poor Relatives, Girls, Gift not made with hands; novels Sincerely your Shurik, Medea and Her Children, Daniel Stein, Interpreter, The Big Green Tent. L. Ulitskaya’s novel The Kukotsky Enigma remains the least studied text of the author. In this article, the content of this novel is analyzed for narratology. The researcher reflects on one of the topical literary problems: the influence of narrative strategies on the reception of the author’s text. The research was based on the works by V. Tyupa, Yu. Lotman, N. Leiderman, and M. Lipovetsky. The research methodology is based on historical-cultural and structural-typological approaches. The subject of the research is the specifics of the implementation of narrative strategies in L. Ulitskaya’s novel The Kukotsky Enigma. Research result. Based on the analysis of L. Ulitskaya’s novel The Kukotsky Enigma, it is shown how the narrative strategy of the work affects its potential reception. Based on the concept by V. Tyupa, who defined the narrative strategy as a set of three equivalent bases (the narrative picture of the world, the narrative modality, and the narrative intrigue), the researcher identifies the changes that the narrative strategy undergoes in the course of the plot development, notes how these changes affect the poetics of the novel and its axiological content. Conclusion. The narrative strategy by which the narrative of the novel in question is organized can be defined as “the strategy of breaking the horizon of readers’ expectations”. Multiple changes in the narrative instance fill the work with a variety of points of view, creates a sense of ghostly, ephemeral events, and encourages the reader to independently search for the truth. The content of the novel is not directly dependent on the chronology of events. Fragments of the story are arranged inversely, segmentally, so that their juxtaposition contributes to the fullest understanding of the content. The narratives presented in the novel actualize the “ontological intrigue”, based on the representation of individual mythopoetic models and revealing the plot of comprehension of truth and purpose.