Enzymatic Hydrolysate Of Casein Research Articles

A Note on the Growth Promoting Properties of an Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Casein.

A Note on the Growth Promoting Properties of an Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Casein.

Inhibition of Bacterial Growth by Auxins

We have observed that a number of synthetic unsaturated ring-containing acids endowed with auxin (plant hormone) activity can exert a bacteriostatic effect on the growth of certain bacterial species. The following substances were selected as representatives of different chemical types of auxins: indole-3-acetic acid, β-(indole-3)-propionic acid, -(indole-3)-n-butyrie acid, α-naphthalene-acetic acid, β-naphthoxyacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,3,5-triiodoben-zoic acid.1The order of activity of these different substances on a few bacterial species is illustrated in Table I in which are given the concentrations of auxins required to cause a 50% inhibition of growth in a medium containing by weight 0.1% enzymatic hydrolysate of casein and 0.02% yeast extract. It should be emphasized that the inhibitory concentrations recorded in Table I have only a relative value since, as will be indicated later, tryptophane and peptone can antagonize the bacteriostatic action of auxins. It is also worth record...

II. Intestinal absorption of an amino-acid mixture in patients with chronic idiopathic ulcerative colitis and entero-colitis

1. Absorption of an enzymatic hydrolysate of casein from closed upper jejunal loops was studied in five patients with severe and chronic idiopathic ulcerative colitis or entero-colitis. 2. In four patients there was marked impairment of absorption as compared with normal individuals. In the remaining patient, whose general nutrition was well maintained in spite of chronic disease of the large bowel, small intestinal absorption, as determined by the test mixture used, was found to be normal. 3. The nature and mechanism of this dysfunction of the small intestine is discussed, and its significance in contributing to the picture of a deficiency state is emphasized. 4. Such a defect in small intestinal function, when added to the well established gross involvement of the colon and terminal ileum, enlarges our concept of chronic idiopathic ulcerative colitis and ileo-colitis to a disorder embracing the entire intestinal tract.

Utilization of Parenterally Administered Casein Digest for Synthesis of Proteins.

ConclusionRegeneration of plasma proteins was found to occur in dogs with depleted proteins stores and lowered plasma proteins on a nitrogen-free diet receiving intravenously an enzymatic hydrolysate of casein as the sole source of nitrogen. Parenterally administered casein digest constitutes an effective method of parenteral nutrition.

Nitrogen Balance in Experimental Lysine Deficiency in Man.

As part of a general study designed to determine the amino acids essential for man, the nitrogen balance was studied in 5 human volunteers who were given a diet deficient in lysine for periods of 2 to 5 weeks in length. The basic diet and the conditions of the experiment were similar to those outlined in the accompanying report1 on tryptophane deficiency. The amino acid mixture deficient in lysine was prepared by deamination of casein, a process which has been shown to destroy the biological activity of lysine;2 this was followed by acid hydrolysis, with the addition of 1.5% tryptophane (to replace that lost during hydrolysis) and of 1% cystine.Before the deficient diet was instituted the subjects were given a diet identical with the experimental diet except that an amino acid mixture containing lysine was supplied. This mixture consisted of an enzymatic hydrolysate of casein, enriched by 1% cystine. A control period on an amino acid mixture containing lysine followed the deficiency period. In subjects Es...

I.Intestinal absorption of an amino-acid mixture in normal subjects

1. Absorption of an enzymatic hydrolysate of casein from the upper jejunum was studied in normal human beings by the Miller-Abbott technique of intestinal intubation. 2. In open loops, with the upper jejunum and gastro-intestinal region in continuity, the test mixture at the end of a half hour was always diluted to a nitrogen concentration of 2 rag. per cc. regardless of the amount of nitrogen originally present in the test material. In closed loops, however, this physiological adjustment did not occur with any regularity. 3. In open loops, the amount of nitrogen absorbed varied with the amount originally introduced in the 5% to 15% mixtures while the percentage of absorption decreased from 98% to 72%, respectively. In closed loops, however, absorption from 15% mixtures showed very little increase over the 10% group. 4. Absorption of substances giving the tyrosine-tryptophane reaction usually paralleled the nitrogen absorption. 5. The technique used, while not adaptable to precise interpretation in terms of grams absorbed per hour per unit area, can be kept constant, and lends itself to use in similar studies in pathological states.