Sustainable Environmental Policy Research Articles

University social responsibility and sustainability. How they work on the SDGS and how they communicate them on their websites

AbstractThis paper shows how the leading Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking communicate their environmental sustainability policies through their websites. Specifically, this paper analyses the presence of sustainability‐related sustainable development goals on the websites of the top 100 universities in the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking (2021). In the area of university social responsibility, sustainability is less commonly communicated, hence the need to delve deeper into the presence of these messages, carrying out a descriptive study using content analysis as a form of data extraction. The conclusion is that neither position in the ranking nor geographic area are decisive for developing better communication about sustainability. In terms of content, sustainability features on the websites are in three key dimensions of the communication of HEIs worldwide (Climate change, Efficiency of sustainable cities and communities and Striving for peace and justice). Thus, the areas for improvement are around the positioning of this sustainability‐related content on their home pages, improving location and format (especially video). Moreover, reinforcing reputational messages, through plans or programmes, as well as improving engagement working on the multi‐directionality to other social media, is required.

Natural resource dependence, policy and institutions for environmental sustainability and African welfare

AbstractIn developing countries, particularly in Africa, dependence on natural resources poses a threat to development, leading to poor health, reduced productivity, and increased poverty among nations. This raises significant concerns for the prospects and welfare of Africa, given the rising environmental pollution. However, the literature on the mitigating effect of policies and institutions for environmental sustainability (PIES) on resource‐dependent countries in Africa is scarce. As a result, this study explores the effects of natural resource dependence and the mediating effect of PIES on under‐five mortality and human development in Africa. This novel hypothesis may contribute to the divergent differences in African welfare. Using a panel of 30 resource‐dependent countries spanning 2005 to 2021 and employing the two‐step dynamic generalized method of moments, the study provides evidence in support of the novel hypothesis. The findings show that dependence on natural resources can be either a blessing or a curse for African countries, depending on the degree to which environmental sustainability is embraced. Furthermore, a heterogeneous analysis demonstrates significant support for countries with high policies and institutions for environmental sustainability in mitigating the negative impacts of natural resource dependence on welfare. The study concludes that dependence on natural resources without environmental sustainability cannot guarantee a balance between the well‐being of the economy and the environment. Therefore, environmental management should not be politically motivated so as to sustainably improve human well‐ being in Africa.

Sustainable Environmental Recovery Policy: Redesigning Sand Mining Policy in Indonesia

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of sand mining policies that are controlled and monitored under local government management
 
 Theoretical Framework: In managing sand mining, putting attention to environmental ethics is a must so the impact of the sand mining process can be controlled. By understanding sustainable development concepts, government policies regarding sand mining should be more emphasize the human life aspects.
 
 Method: This study used a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth interviews with the community around the mining area in Lumajang Regency. Therefore, the impacts of socio-economics can be determined from the explanations obtained.
 
 Results and Conclusion: This study found that many dynamics happened because of inconsistent regulations. Lumajang Regency is affected area by these problems as there are many mining sites in Lumajang Regency. Before making environmental management policies, the government need to have a good analysis so the ecosystem can be protected and illegal sand mining activities can be eliminated.
 
 Research Implications: This research may use for government considerations to solve environmental problems caused by sand mining activities in Lumajang Regency, Indonesia.
 
 Originality/value: This research discusses the problem regarding environmental issues caused by sand mining activity and the solution solved by the government by redesigning the policy to improve the sand mining management quality in Indonesia.

Sustainable synergy via clean energy technologies and efficiency dynamics

The sustainability paradigm has gained global attention, and the same has been expected from the economies having increasing levels of environmental footprints over the past couple of decades. This research aims to investigate the nexus between clean energy technologies and climate change mitigation among the top ecologically pollutant (TEP) economies during 1996–2020. The research incorporated other drivers of climate change, including energy efficiency, industrialization, and sustainable policies through environmental regulations. The methodological context covers the necessary preliminary tests and the Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR). The preliminary results indicate that TEP economies are interdependent with the heterogenous slope coefficients, stationarity data trends, and cointegrated relationships. The findings from the MMQR unveiled that clean energy technologies tend to mitigate climate change from 0.10th to 0.70th quantiles. Relatedly, energy efficiency reduces the environmental burden across all the quantiles except for the 0.10th one. Conversely, industrialization and economic growth cause an upward shift in climate change among TEP economies across all the quantiles, suggesting a need to shift production-based economies to more service-intensive ones. However, the study found no significant evidence for the nexus between sustainable environmental policies and climate change. The robustness checks also validate the MMQR estimations; however, their parameters' magnitude substantially varied. These outcomes encourage policymakers to implement holistic strategies supporting energy innovation, technologies, and efficiency improvements while controlling the adverse effects of industrialization and traditional growth models.

Evaluating a pathway for environmental sustainability: The role of competitive industrial performance and renewable energy consumption in European countries

AbstractWith the efforts of the United Nations, environmental sustainability is becoming the subject of countries. Policymakers and researchers closely follow the environmental dimensions of Sustainable Development Goals. This study offers a new perspective for the European Union economies by directly targeting SDG 9 and considers environmental sustainability policies in selecting variables. To be more precise, this study probes the effects of economic growth, trade openness, renewable energy, human capital, and competitive industrial performance on the load capacity factor for EU countries over the period of 1995–2018. This study uses the CUP‐FM and CUP‐BC approaches due to cross‐sectional dependence and heterogeneity. In addition, the study does not ignore possible structural breaks. As a result of the empirical analysis, while economic growth, trade openness, and competitiveness worsen environmental quality, renewable energy and human capital contribute to environmental sustainability. Based on the panel data results, EU economies still rely on fossil fuels to maintain competitiveness in the industry. The EU, which has 2030 and 2050 targets, can eliminate the disadvantages of competitiveness by expanding the environmental quality‐enhancing feature of renewable energy and human capital. Moreover, this study provides SDG‐oriented policy recommendations for EU countries.

Assessing the Impact of Environmental Policy, 2006: A Critical Examination

The Environmental Policy of India, 2006, plays a significant role in shaping the country's approach towards environmental protection and sustainable development. This research critically analyses the provisions and implementation of the policy, aiming to evaluate its effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. The research begins by providing an overview of the Environmental Policy, 2006, highlighting its objectives and key principles. It delves into the policy's legal framework, including relevant statutes, regulations, and international conventions, which form the basis for environmental governance in India. The study explores the role of various governmental agencies and stakeholders in implementing and enforcing the policy. An important aspect of the analysis is the examination of key challenges and shortcomings associated with the Environmental Policy, 2006. These encompass issues such as weak enforcement mechanisms, lack of coordination among agencies, and inadequate allocation of resources. The research presents case studies and examples to illustrate real-life situations and highlight the practical implications of the policy. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of the policy on various sectors, including industrial activities, infrastructure development, and natural resource management. It assesses the degree to which the policy promotes sustainable practices and considers the balance between economic growth and environmental conservation. To provide a comprehensive analysis, the research also evaluates the compatibility of the Environmental Policy, 2006, with international environmental norms and commitments, particularly India's obligations under global climate change agreements. Finally, the research concludes with a set of recommendations aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of the Environmental Policy, 2006. These recommendations focus on strengthening enforcement mechanisms, promoting public participation, improving coordination among agencies, and incorporating principles of environmental justice. Through this critical analysis, the research aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on environmental governance in India and provide insights for policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders. By identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the Environmental Policy, 2006, this study seeks to support the formulation of more robust and sustainable environmental policies in the future.

Achieving Sustainable Earth Futures in the Anthropocene by Including Local Communities in Critical Zone Science

AbstractCritical Zone Science (CZS) explores the deep evolution of landscapes from the base of the groundwater or the saprolite‐rock interface to the top of vegetation, the zone that supports all terrestrial life. Here we propose a framework for CZS to evolve further as a discipline, building on 1st generation CZOs in natural systems and 2nd generation CZOs in human‐modified systems, to incorporate human behaviour for more holistic understanding in a 3rd generation of CZOs. This concept was tested in the China‐UK CZO programme (2016–2020) that established four CZOs across China on different lithologies. Beyond conventional CZO insights into soil resources, biogeochemical cycling and hydrology across scales, surveys of farmers and local government officials led to insights into human‐environment interactions and key pressures affecting the socio‐economic livelihoods of local farmers. These learnings combined with the CZS data identified knowledge exchange (KE) opportunities to unravel diverse factors within the Land‐Water‐Food Nexus, that could directly improve local livelihoods and environmental conditions, such as reduction in fertilizer use, contributing toward Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and environmental policies. Through two‐way local KE, the local cultural context and socio‐economic considerations were more readily apparent alongside the environmental rationale for policy and local action to improve the sustainability of farming practices. Seeking solutions to understand and remediate CZ degradation caused by human‐decision making requires the co‐design of CZS that foregrounds human behavior and the opinions of those living in human modified CZOs. We show how a new transdisciplinary CZO approach for sustainable Earth futures can improve alignment of research with the practical needs of communities in stressed environments and their governments, supporting social‐ecological and planetary health research agendas and improving capacity to achieve SDGs.

Capturing the Opportunity of Green Economic Policy for Environmental Sustainability

This research paper focuses on the concept of green economics policy as a means to achieve environmental sustainability. The paper begins by defining green economics policy as an approach that promotes sustainable economic growth while also protecting the environment. It argues that a shift towards a green economy is necessary to address the current environmentalchallenges facing the planet. The paper examines the key elements of a green economics policy,which include promoting renewable energy sources, investing in sustainable infrastructure, supporting sustainable agriculture practices, and incentivizing businesses to adopt environmentally friendly practices. The paper highlights the importance of policy coherence and coordination across different sectors and levels of government to ensure a successful transition to a green economy. The research also discusses the potential benefits of a green economics policy, such as the creation of green jobs, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and improved public health outcomes. The paper emphasizes the importance of engaging stakeholders in the policymaking process, including civil society organizations, businesses, and affected communities, to ensure that the policy is equitable and socially just. The paperconcludes by highlighting the urgent need for governments to adopt green economics policies to address the environmental crisis. It emphasizes the importance of international cooperation tosupport countries in transitioning to a green economy and the need for innovative financing mechanisms to support sustainable development. The paper argues that a green economics policy offers a viable path towards achieving environmental sustainability while also promoting economic growth and social equity.

The role of employee environmental commitment in the green HRM practices, turnover intentions and environmental sustainability nexus

PurposeThe study sought to examine the mediating effect of employee environmental commitment (EEC) in the relationships between green human resource management practices (Green HRMPs) and environmental sustainability (ES) and employee turnover intentions (ETI).Design/methodology/approachUsing a cross-sectional survey approach, data was sourced from 296 respondents from five manufacturing firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and SmartPLS.FindingsResults showed that EEC had a partial mediation effect on the relationship between Green HRMPs and ES at the organisational level but fully mediated the relationship between Green HRMPs and ETI at the individual level.Practical implicationsIt is evident from the findings that Green HRMPs improve ES and employee stability. Therefore, practitioners and educational institutions should consider integrating environmental concerns into their functional processes and operations. In addition, governments as policymakers should formulate and strengthen the enforcement of already-existing environmental management and sustainability policies that promote the integration of green practices and initiatives in both private and public entities.Originality/valueLittle is known about Green HRM and its effect on organisational and individual-level outcomes, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study presents empirical evidence from an emerging economy.

Can innovation affect the relationship between Environmental, Social, and Governance issues and financial performance? Empirical evidence from the STOXX200 index

AbstractInnovation represents one of the most important drivers in the business context. Drawing upon the research on corporate social responsibility (CSR), shared value, and innovation, this paper aims to analyze the relationship between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG, a form of CSR) sustainability policies and corporate financial performance (CFP) by investigating the mediating role of Innovation (i.e., investment in research and development, R&D). Our sample comprises 148 European companies belonging to the Euro Stoxx index in the period 2009–2014. For high‐innovation companies (HICs), we find positive relationships between some Social (S) issues and CFP and weaker linkages between Environmental (E) indicators and CFP. In contrast, Governance (G) issues (i.e., issues related to board structure and board function) negatively influence CFP. In contrast, for medium‐innovation companies (MICs), these relationships are absent and low‐innovation companies (LICs) show negative relationships. Adopting reporting frameworks or guidelines affects CFP only in HIC. We introduce an original interpretative model, which identifies innovation (R&D) as the main driver in corporate sustainability, particularly in light of Social issues related to the production of a good or service. In terms of managerial implications, we identify three key factors for effectively embedding ESG in organizations' policies: investment in product innovation, compliance with environmental regulations, and corporate choices on brands and channels of external communication.

Environmental sustainability regulatory and policy practices and actions of telecoms regulatory authorities

Creating climate-neutral electronic communications is a sharedresponsibility for the industry and urgent action is needed in the face ofwarming trends due to global climate change. Despite this, environmentalsustainability has just started to receive attention in the regulation of theelectronic communications sector. The national telecoms regulatory authoritiesoverseeing the sector in the different countries are key in driving related policyand regulation. However, as to date, hardly any paper has dealt with theirrespective practices in a comparative manner. Therefore, the aim of this paperis to fill this gap, to review the relevant environmental sustainability regulatoryand policy practices and actions of telecoms regulatory authorities, in order toprovide a comprehensive and high-level comparison of sustainability initiativesin the electronic communications sector. It is hoped that this will serve as astarting point for launching a discourse in the industry and for properlypositioning the green transition in electronic communications regulation.

Indicators, Strategies, and Rule Settings for Sustainable Public–Private Infrastructure Partnerships: From Literature Review towards Institutional Designs

Public–private partnerships (PPPs)-driven infrastructure projects frequently disappoint in terms of sustainability outcomes. This paper substantiates this. It develops and presents an institutional design that can integrate environmental and social sustainability principles into PPP infrastructure projects (sustainable PPPs). The institutional design includes principles for the planning processes (preparation, procurement, contracting) and outcome indicators. The paper builds upon and synthesizes extant research through a literature review that employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements. The review covers the appropriateness of the used indicators for the investigation and measurement of environmental and social sustainability policy strategies designed to enhance sustainability and institutional intercalation. About the latter, a specific lens to focus on the relationships between the institutional design characteristics (the rule settings) of planning processes and the sustainability outcomes is developed based on three variables within the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework of Ostrom. Consequently, rule settings that enable the investigation of the institutional process preconditions for sustainable PPPs and the evaluation of the sustainability outcomes are amalgamated. Our study indicates that the IAD framework provides a useful theoretical lens to harmonize and categorize process principles to achieve the rule settings that guide involved actors towards sustainable PPPs and place lenses on the envisioned environmental and social sustainability outcomes.

Transformation of the national model of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine according to the European green concept

Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the scientific research was the work of domestic and foreign scientists on the issues of Ukraine's adaptation to European standards regarding the country's sustainable development and environmental policy. In order to achieve the goal, the article uses general scientific and special methods: methods of theoretical generalization – to study the process of transformation of the national model of post-war recovery of Ukraine in accordance with the European green concept; the method of general and specific – in the analysis of ambitious and pragmatic models of green recovery of Ukraine; statistical method – when determining the growth of the share of renewable energy sources in the total consumption of energy resources. The results. The article highlights issues related to the compliance of the national policy and strategy of Ukraine with European standards and provides recommendations in the field of ecology, energy and sustainable development of the country, and their financing. It was noted that an important aspect of a sustainable economy is the development of ecologically oriented infrastructure, which includes the following aspects: energy efficiency and renewable energy; ecological transport infrastructure; green construction; water sector. There is considered the possibility of Ukraine to make an energy transition to renewable energy by 2050 under three scenarios of the future of Ukrainian energy: conservative, liberal and revolutionary scenarios. Novelty. A detailed analysis of the green recovery of Ukraine was conducted, which showed that when choosing between ambitious and pragmatic models of the country's post-war recovery, it is important to take into account their main difference. The ambitious model of green country recovery focuses on green development goals, while the pragmatic model only identifies ways to achieve results. Both ambitious and pragmatic models can be comprehensive and sufficient to achieve the respective goal. The article also analysed Ukraine's ability to transition to renewable energy by 2050. Practical value. The results of the conducted research can be useful for business entities and investors who will have a desire to join the green concept of the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.

Low Level of Concern Among European Society About Zoonotic Diseases.

Zoonotic emerging diseases (ZEDs) are increasing and may deeply impact human wellbeing, but our recent survey of public opinion in six European countries (n = 2415 participants) suggests a low concern among Europeans about the risk associated with ZEDs. This contrasts with Europeans' high awareness of climate change risks, which was confirmed by our survey. Given the increasing risk of ZEDs, it is therefore essential to increase Europeans' awareness of their impacts. In addition, our study suggests that Europeans may be more likely to support sustainable environmental policies that would reduce the risk associated with ZEDs, consequently improving the human wellbeing.

Ecological footprint, globalization, and economic growth: evidence from Asia.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between environmental rationality and economic activities that accelerate environmental indicators in Asia. In the ecosphere, the environment is a predator of human consumption. The continent Asia holding more than 60% of the world's population is vulnerable to environmental deployment. The purpose of the study is to find the link between economic growth, globalization, biocapacity, energy intensity, and renewable energy to the ecological footprint (EFP) in Asian countries for the period of 1990-2017. For empirics, the econometric techniques applied are panel OLS, fixed effects, random effects, fully modified-OLS, DOLS, and generalized methods of moments techniques. The results prove that by increasing the share of renewable energy in total energy consumption the environmental quality is improved. The Pedroni cointegration test shows a long-term relationship exists between globalization, economic growth, and the environment. The results of all techniques show the similar effectiveness of all used economic indicators in the model that disturbs the environment with different intensities in each test. The results of FM-OLS show that with a 1% increase in economic growth, globalization, biocapacity, and population density the ecological footprint increases by 0.55%, 0.08%, 0.06%, and 0.03%, respectively. However, renewable energy improves the environment by 0.04%. The Granger causality analysis revealed a bidirectional causality between ecological footprint and globalization and between EFP and energy intensity. This study recommends that Asian countries should make sustainable environmental policies to protect the environment from further damage.

Microplastic occurrence in rural and urban surface waters: the cases of Lake Sampaloc and Lake Yambo in San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines

The widespread microplastic occurrence has invaded both marine and freshwater ecosystems. However, most studies are focused on marine microplastics and there is still insufficient knowledge and understanding of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems like small lakes. Known as one of the largest contributors of plastics to the aquatic environment, the Philippines has begun ventures on studying microplastic pollution, although, still, there are no accurate figures on the extent of the microplastic problem in the country, especially in its freshwater environment. In this study, a comparative assessment of microplastic concentration and characterization between Lake Yambo, an ecotourism and rural lake, and Lake Sampaloc, an aquaculture and urbanized lake, in San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines was conducted through microplastic isolation and optical examination. Results revealed that the average microplastic concentration in Lake Sampaloc and Lake Yambo ranges from 483 to 989 n/m3 and 344 to 789 n/m3, respectively. Generally, the sampling sites in Lake Sampaloc had a higher mean concentration of microplastics than those in Lake Yambo. The key features of the microplastics detected in the surface waters of the studied lakes are fibrous, colored, and small-sized (<2 mm). In addition to proving the assumption that there are more microplastics observed in a highly-populated or urbanized freshwater ecosystem like Lake Sampaloc, this study also contributed to the meager evidence that microplastics are present even around scarcely-populated lakes like Lake Yambo. The outcome of this study is relevant for the local government unit (LGU) of San Pablo to make sustainable environmental policies regarding plastic waste management and disposal.

Complexity in Environmental Sustainability Policy from a Semiotic Cultural Political Psychology Perspective.

From a cultural political psychology perspective, Carriere (2022) emphasises the role of the individual and their meaning-making processes in the psychology of policy and politics (including the role of values and power dynamics). I propose a 'complex' semiotic cultural political psychology (SCPP) framework that reflects on and extends Carriere (2022). My complexity perspective involves 'self-organising' relations within persons (a sense of 'I') and within cultures (a sense of 'We') and 'socio-culturally organising' relations between persons (a sense of 'Me') and between cultures (a sense of 'Us'). I apply the SCPP framework to the issue of environmental sustainability policy. I contend there are intra- and inter-personal and intra-and inter-cultural values on the issue/s of environmental sustainability policy. International research supports Carriere's focus on personal ('I am' versus 'We are') values in environmental policy but this effect may be most prevalent in the US context. On social power in personal and cultural sustainability, empirical research points to 'power struggles' and 'vested interests' as the main problems for people. Also, from research it is deduced that (complex) environmental sustainability policy and governance need to empower people (individuals and groups) and avert unintended power dynamics, appreciating the co-occurring cultural nuances at work. It is concluded that my semiotic cultural political psychology reflections on Carriere introduces a potentially integrative 'complexity' perspective to psychological and behavioural science.

Kebijakan Dan Potensi Pajak Air Tanah Di Kota Palangka Raya

Investigating and understanding the potential and rules for groundwater exploitation is the goal of this study. The issue is centered on sustainable environmental policies, which might serve as an example for local governments developing groundwater utilization regulations. Observation, interviews with relevant persons, documentation, and qualitative analysis were used to acquire the information. This study concludes that the Potential for Underground Water Tax in the City of Palangka Raya is very fluctuating, decreasing from year to year, even though many underground water tax objects are inactive. Unlike to Palangka Raya, which has developed both its public and private sectors. With these facts, the policy regarding the underground water utilization system in the City of Palangkaraya is still not serious. The tax collection system policy must also prepare personnel resources who are competent and focused on analyzing tax potential, especially with the official assessment.

Can social inclusion policies promote financial inclusion?

PurposeThis study aims to examine whether social inclusion policies promote financial inclusion. Three social inclusion policies were analyzed: gender equality policies, environmental sustainability policies and social protection (SP) policies.Design/methodology/approachThe study used the panel fixed effect regression methodology to analyze data from 48 low- and medium-income countries.FindingsThe results show that social inclusion policies do not have a significant effect on financial inclusion. Also, the older population is less likely to own an account at a formal financial institution in low- and medium-income countries that have strong environmental sustainability policies and institutions. The implication of the finding is that the policies and institutions established to promote environmental sustainability can discourage the older population from keeping the population's wealth in formal financial institutions in the country.Practical implicationsPolicy makers should consider how social and environmental policies and programs can be designed to promote financial inclusion for older individuals in the individuals' countries.Originality/valueThe financial inclusion literature has not considered the role of social inclusion policies in promoting financial inclusion for individuals, businesses and the excluded groups in a country.

Environmental Policy and Solid waste management. A case of Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya.

Purpose: The formulation of Environment Policy 2018 of Turkana County is based on the requirement by the (Constitution of Kenya; 2010 and the County Governments Act, 2013) which gives powers to the county government to formulate policies and enact laws. It is this provision that Turkana County sort to formulate policy to address the management of waste in Lodwar municipality and its environment. The purpose of this article was to determine the influence of the Environmental Policy on Solid waste management in a case of Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were; To establish impact of private-public partnership on sustainable waste management in Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County; To assess the impact of political good will on solid waste management in Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County; To determine adoption of emission-reducing technologies on solid management in Lodwar municipality, Turkana county and to assess the level of integration of environmental policy with socio-economic policies to boost solid waste management in Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya.
 Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted to target residents of Lodwar town, management and municipal workers, traders, fisherfolks, county National Environment Management Authority officers and public health department officers at the county level. Furthermore, the descriptive research design was employed and utilized structured and semi structure questionnaires. Out of the population of 110 target groups the sample size used for the study was 33 as stated by Mugenda and Mugenda 2008 that when a population is below 10000 the sample size should be 10% or 30% of the target population hence 30% was ideal for the study. The quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean scores, and content thematic respectively.
 Findings: The findings of the study indicated that, there were no monitoring framework in place to determine the effectiveness of the policy, lack of awareness of existence of the policy amongst the municipality employees, lack of political good will and lack of waste regulating system.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: In this regard, the study recommends the need for municipality to establish monitoring system to measure the effectiveness of the environmental policy in addressing the solid waste management issues; there was need of the county government to provide enough resources to support the strategies lied by the policies for environmental sustainability; The community members , municipality and county government staff need to be sensitized on the existence of the environmental policy; a legal framework ought to be developed to provide the regulatory and fiscal instruments needed to achieve Turkana environment policy objectives.