Environmental Responsibility Research Articles

Impact of nanoparticle shape on the thermal performance of eco-friendly soybean-based nanofluids in cooling titanium alloys

Ecofriendly soybean coolant offers a sustainable alternative to conventional coolants, providing excellent thermal performance while reducing environmental impact. Its biodegradable nature and low toxicity make it a safe choice for various cooling applications, promoting greener industrial practices. This study investigates the thermal performance of eco-friendly soybean nanofluids dispersed with alumina and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles for cooling a titanium alloy block. The investigations are conducted using single and dual nozzle setup to assess the impact of nanoparticle shape, volume fraction and Reynolds number on heat transfer characteristics of ecofriendy coolant. The discretization is conducted using the finite volume method, and the Nusselt number is calculated from the convective heat transfer coefficient. Results show that platelet-shaped nanoparticles exhibit superior thermal conductivity and heat transfer performance compared to spherical and cylindrical shapes. Increasing the volume fraction of MoS2 platelet-shaped nanoparticles from 0.5% to 6% results in a reduction of the average temperature distribution of the titanium block by 26.53% in the single-nozzle setup and 28.87% in the dual-nozzle configuration. The dual nozzle arrangements significantly enhance heat dissipation, with MoS2 nanoparticles decreasing the temperature distribution by 9.24% in the single-nozzle setup and 15.78% in the dual-nozzle setup compared to alumina nanoparticles. Optimal thermal performance is observed at elevated Reynolds numbers, where platelet-shaped MoS2 nanoparticles achieve the highest Nusselt numbers. Specifically, incorporating MoS2 cylindrical-shaped nanoparticles into soybean oil at higher Reynolds numbers improves average heat transfer by up to 29.16% when compared to cylindrical alumina nanoparticles. The enhancements in heat transfer for spherical and platelet-shaped MoS2 nanoparticles are 37.51% and 46.66%, respectively, relative to cylindrical alumina particles. This research offers crucial guidance on developing and enhancing sustainable coolants, revealing the significance of nanoparticle shape in optimizing thermal performance and paving the way for cleaner production processes that prioritize environmental responsibility.

Principles of socially responsible marketing

The concept of socially responsible marketing is considered in the context of modern trends in the economic policy of the Republic of Belarus and the state of business ecosystems. On the basis of complex analysis of scientific points of view and adaptation to modern conditions of management the author’s definition of socially responsible marketing is offered, its differentiation from the concepts of socially ethical marketing and relationship marketing is carried out. A system of principles of socially responsible marketing has been developed as the fundamental principles of strategic management of a Belarusian enterprise, which should be understood as internal social responsibility; external social responsibility; environmental responsibility; compliance with legal and ethical standards; receiving a profit.

Evolving Normative Dynamics: Understanding China's Varied Approaches to Overseas Corporate Social Responsibility in the Belt and Road Initiative Era

China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is nowadays a global development initiative, with which China pursues a new international identity as a “responsible major country.” The inadequate fulfilment of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in BRI partner countries however has tainted the BRI's cooperative “win–win” principle and sparked external legitimacy crises. This study explores how Chinese policymakers respond to overseas CSR challenges in the realms of environmental and societal responsibility. By integrating both constructivist and rationalist elements, we employ three key variables to facilitate cross-case comparisons. Our analysis reveals that China has favoured a parallel overseas CSR governance system that allows for tailored responses to specific contexts. China's nuanced approaches to international CSR standards reflect rational decisions influenced by issue-specific domestic–international normative fit, perceived legitimacy of the relevant international regime, and the significance of each issue to China's global status. This research offers insights into China's contextualised engagement with international CSR norms in the BRI era.

A Novel Metric for Corporate Environmental Responsibility and Its Impact on Investment Inefficiency

A Novel Metric for Corporate Environmental Responsibility and Its Impact on Investment Inefficiency

Navigating industrial performance: Impact of corporate social responsibility on sustainable development with moderation of reverse supply chain management

AbstractAlthough several studies ensured the essentiality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) with respect to sustainable development (SD) from various domains, worldwide. Nonetheless, this study explores the nexus among CSR practices (i.e., social responsibility, environmental responsibility, employee responsibility, customer responsibility, supplier responsibility, and govt. rules & regulation responsibility) on SD (i.e., social development, economic development, and environmental development) from the mainstream of Chinese industrial sector drawing on stakeholder theory. Second, this study investigates the moderating influence of reverse supply chain management (RSCM) to sense how these forces may impact the association between CSR and SD. After evaluation and by implementing a structural approach, the results affirmed the positive linkages between CSR and SD along with each CSR's dimension toward sustainable development. Finally, the study confirmed a positive connection of RSCM as a moderator between CSR and SD. Besides, certain implications are listed for the management along with shortcomings and future directions for academic scholars to extend studies for additional validation across the globe.

The intersection of green marketing and sustainable supply chain practices in FMCG SMEs

As sustainability increasingly shapes consumer behavior and corporate strategies, Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are adopting green marketing and sustainable supply chain practices to gain a competitive edge. This review explores the intersection of these two critical areas, demonstrating how their integration can drive both business growth and environmental responsibility. Green marketing, which focuses on promoting eco-friendly products and sustainable business practices, has become a key tool for FMCG SMEs to differentiate themselves in a crowded marketplace. By adopting strategies such as eco-friendly packaging, ethical sourcing, and transparency in communicating sustainability efforts, SMEs can build stronger consumer trust, foster brand loyalty, and meet the growing demand for environmentally conscious products. Simultaneously, sustainable supply chain practices ensure that the production, distribution, and logistics processes align with environmental and social goals. These practices include reducing carbon emissions, minimizing waste, and working closely with suppliers to ensure ethical sourcing of materials. The synergy between green marketing and sustainable supply chains creates a feedback loop where operational sustainability supports marketing efforts, and consumer demand for green products encourages further sustainability improvements. This review also examines the challenges FMCG SMEs face in aligning these strategies, such as cost barriers, regulatory compliance, and supply chain complexity. Through case studies and industry examples, it highlights how innovative technology and stakeholder collaboration can help overcome these challenges. Ultimately, this study underscores that integrating green marketing and sustainable supply chain practices is not only essential for addressing environmental concerns but also for enhancing competitive positioning, customer satisfaction, and long-term market success in the FMCG sector. Recommendations for SMEs on how to effectively align their marketing and supply chain sustainability efforts are also provided. Keywords: Green Marketing, Supply Chain, FMCG SMEs, Review.

Fire futures: design for community-led resilience

ABSTRACT The increasing threat of catastrophic wildfires (referred to as bushfires in Australia) highlights the need for both governments and communities to collectively develop strategies for resilience. The principle of shared responsibility suggests a way forward, however, in practice residents and agencies often have contrary understandings of what sharing means in practice and asymmetric distributions of power can curtail community initiatives. Meanwhile, a focus on life and property does not account for broader issues of environmental health. This article details research that aimed to design media to support community-led fire management among two communities north-west of Brisbane, Australia. Findings from in-depth interviews and a codesign workshop reveal a need for more effective communication with residents, greater transparency from agencies, and a desire to better understand the role of fire in the local environment. We present design concepts targeted to foster engagement and action towards a fire-resilient future. The project reveals opportunities to conceive shared responsibility as a process of negotiating action between communities, agencies, and government and to extend the principle beyond people to the environment. We see the landscape as a dynamic actor in the process of sharing responsibility. Key policy highlights The concept of shared responsibility can be understood as a process of negotiating action between communities, agencies and the natural environment. In the context of wildfire resilience, the natural environment is a dynamic participant in the process of sharing responsibility. Participatory processes of community engagement could support the renegotiation of responsibilities that are jointly owned between citizens and government. A changed narrative about shared responsibility for the natural environment by agencies and communities could realign priorities and help establish alternative practices.

Exploring the impact of environmental dimension in corporate social responsibility on restaurants’ customer retention

PurposeThis study aims to integrate the four-dimensional corporate social responsibility (economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility) with environmental responsibility. It also aims to measure how service quality and corporate image mediate the effects of the five CSR dimensions on customer retention.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs structural equation modelling to test the proposed conceptual model. About 217 valid questionnaires were collected online from customers of restaurants in Tehran.FindingsThe results show that legal, ethical, philanthropic and environmental dimensions positively and significantly impact corporate image and service quality. Moreover, corporate image and service quality mediate the effects of the five CSR dimensions on customer retention.Practical implicationsManagers may learn that by enhancing their environmental responsibility, they are also working on increasing service quality and corporate image and, in turn, customer retention. Restaurants can differentiate themselves from competitors and attract and retain environmentally conscious customers, ultimately contributing to their competitive advantage.Originality/valueThis research extends Carroll’s dimensions by incorporating environmental responsibility, demonstrating its potential to boost service quality and corporate image for customer retention. A noteworthy contribution is introducing environmental responsibility as a novel dimension of CSR within the restaurant and food industry. Recognising the increasing importance of environmental sustainability in academic and societal discourse, it was crucial to consider the environment as a distinct aspect of this research.

Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Robotic Process Automation: Literature Review and Proposal for a Sustainable Model

This article investigates the growing integration between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotic Process Automation (RPA), proposing an innovative model aimed at optimizing the operational efficiency of organizations balancing the social and environmental impacts arising from the use of these technologies. The research identifies a significant gap in the literature through a systematic review, revealing the need for greater attention to the social and environmental impacts of the implementation of AI and RPA. Employing an approach based on the PICO methodology (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome), this study justifies the formulation of hypotheses and the choice of methodology, ensuring scientific rigor. The proposed model considers ethical issues such as privacy and cybersecurity and explores the challenges associated with the adoption of these innovations. The discussion includes the readiness of organizations to integrate these technologies, highlighting technical and cultural limitations that may influence the model’s effectiveness. The theoretical results suggest that careful implementation can optimize resource utilization, promoting a balance between operational efficiency and social and environmental responsibility. Furthermore, the article presents an analysis of the positive impacts, such as improved efficiency, and negative impacts, such as the fear of job displacement associated with the integration of AI and RPA, reinforcing the need for responsible adoption that fosters social and environmental sustainability in the digital age.

Construction of "Moderate Codification" Legislative Model of Environmental Law

At present, China's environmental legal norms have presented a "point-like type", not forming a good branch legal structure system, many problems have been produced in the concrete application, this article through the analysis of a typical country's environmental law codification mode, combining the present situation of our environmental rule of law, concluded that our country can be realized "the appropriate legal system", That is, the conclusion of the "double law source" mode of environmental law of "ecological environment code + single law". At present, China's academic circles have reached a consensus on the "moderate codification" model for the codification of ecological environment code, but there are still differences on the understanding of the "moderate codification" theory. This paper holds that the "moderate codification" of ecological environment code includes the following two aspects: the moderation of the normative content and system, and the moderation of dynamic process. The following assumptions are made for the framework of China's ecological environment code under the mode of "moderate codification" : adopting a "total-division" structure, including general provisions, pollution prevention and control, natural ecological protection, green and low-carbon development, and ecological environmental responsibility.

Influence of Eco-Friendly Packaging on Customer Loyalty in Japan

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of eco-friendly packaging on customer loyalty in Japan. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Research on the influence of eco-friendly packaging on customer loyalty in Japan reveals that consumers are increasingly valuing sustainability in their purchasing decisions. Studies show that environmentally conscious packaging enhances brand perception, with Japanese consumers viewing companies that use eco-friendly packaging as socially responsible and ethical. This positive brand association significantly boosts customer loyalty, as many consumers are willing to pay more for products packaged sustainably. Additionally, younger consumers in Japan, particularly Millennials and Gen Z, prioritize eco-friendly packaging, linking it to their personal values of environmental responsibility. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Theory of planned behavior (TPB), uses and gratifications theory (UGT) & social influence theory may be used to anchor future studies on the influence of eco-friendly packaging on customer loyalty in Japan. Eco-friendly packaging can be an essential differentiator for brands in Japan, where environmental consciousness is culturally significant. Policymakers should consider incentivizing the adoption of eco-friendly packaging through tax breaks or subsidies, which would encourage more brands to switch to sustainable packaging solutions.

Strategy to Conquer the Market through Marketing Research on Environmentally Friendly Products in the Hospitality Sector

The tourism industry is one of the biggest businesses within the world. This is because tourism has a direct and indirect effect on the local community. This is what drives many countries to further develop the tourism industry as one of their leading sectors, especially for developing countries including Indonesia. Hotels around the world are propelling numerous eco-friendly activities such as shrewd showers, sunoriented control establishments, and squander redirection. This research aims to analyze strategy to conquer the market through marketing research on environmentally friendly products in the hospitality sector. This type of research is qualitative research. The data used in this study uses primary and secondary data. Data analysis in this study uses qualitative analysis. The results of the study obtained are the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy realizes and becomes an important part that carries out education in the tourism sector, especially hospitality. The campaign using environmentally friendly products in the hospitality sector is wooden brush, all paper, water jug, wooden hanger, with soap and shampoo place. Marketing research on environmentally friendly products in the hospitality sector can provide benefits if it succeeds in conquering the market with a strategy of environmental responsibility, energy saving and use of renewable energy, and increasing brand credibility in the environment.

To Sustainably Ride or Not to Ride: Examining the Green Consumption Intention of Ride-Hailing Services in the Sharing Economy by University Students

An increase in ride-hailing services in the sharing economy can help to reduce the number of vehicles on the road, which will lead to a decrease in air pollution and noise pollution, an improvement in environmental conditions, a decrease in travel costs, and an increase in social benefits to travelers. Hence, there is a great need to examine the consumer’s intention toward usage of ride-hailing services in the sharing economy. The current study aims to examine the green consumption intention of eco-friendly services as an outcome of environmental responsibility and environmental knowledge. It also attempts to examine the serial mediation of green concern, value co-creation, and mediated moderation of social support as an explanatory mechanism of green consumption intention of eco-friendly services. The research design was cross-section and deductive. The respondents of the study were registered university students in Islamabad who were active consumers of major ride-hailing services in Pakistan, i.e., Uber, Careem, Uplift, InDriver, B4U Cabes, and SUVL. A total of 402 responses were gathered using purposive sampling. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in Smart PLS is used to evaluate the reliability of measurement instruments and the validity of the research model. The current study results showed that environmental responsibility and knowledge positively and significantly affect motivation to engage in green consumption. Furthermore, environmental concern and value co-creation partially mediate the proposed relationship. In addition, social support also moderates the association between green concern and value co-creation such that it strengthens the connection. The current research findings are an addition to the existing literature and have managerial applications with limitations preceded by future research directions.

Cultural Perspectives on the Sustainable Use and Added Value of Plant-Based Food Dyes—A Case Study from Bulgaria

Raised personal health awareness and social environmental responsibility put pressure on the agri-food industry to adopt more sustainable ways of production, including the use of more natural ingredients, reducing waste, conservation and the regeneration of resources and energy. Plant-based colorants are ecologically friendly alternatives to artificial food dyes, especially with regards to the current reports on the adverse effects of some of the latter on human health. Various plants are traditionally used by many cultures to obtain vivid food coloration; however, the knowledge and means to produce them becomes less and less accessible to urbanized societies, and affordable organic alternatives are not always available on the market. An online questionnaire was performed to explore the awareness on plant-based dyes and pro-environmental attitudes of Bulgarian customers through the lens of Orthodox Easter eggs dyeing and the obtaining of plant dyes. From a total of 294 adult participants, only 5% reported a strict preference for natural dyes, while more than half of them (54%) were found to use natural and artificial ones concomitantly or switching between both. Of 45 plant taxa used for egg coloration, 12 were most frequently cited with many new additions of imported plants. Most of the used plant-based dyes were common fruits, spices, herbal infusions and even food waste like onion peels and avocado pits that were readily available from home gardens, markets and food shops. Additionally, we made a review of the scientific literature regarding their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against food spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens isolated from eggs. All frequently used taxa were reported to exhibit antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and possess antioxidant activity due to the presence of various polyphenols, essential oils and other compounds. Grape and red wine, roselle and stinging nettle are the species with the most diverse antibacterial activity, effective against 15 out of the 16 bacterial species of spoilage and foodbourn microorganisms included in our focus. The antimicrobial activities, however, were found mostly tested against bacterial strains in vitro, and further studies are needed to confirm their potential antibacterial activity when applied to Easter/boiled eggs or other food products. Our findings suggest that traditional cultural practices, as a multifaceted and engaging phenomenon, have the potential to promote environmental responsibility and a healthy lifestyle using both contemporary and traditional knowledge.

Corporate Social Responsibility of Business — How Important is It Today

The article covers the topic of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a fundamental principle of modern business. The author examines the evolution of CSR from charity to a key element of strategic management, emphasizing its impact on the company's reputation, relationships with employees, customers and investors. It analyzes how CSR contributes to the achievement of global goals of sustainable development and environmental responsibility, and also studies successful cases of companies that have integrated CSR into their strategy. It highlights the diffi culties that organizations face in implementing CSR, including fi nancial and managerial aspects, and discusses how CSR can stimulate innovation and the development of new products and services. In conclusion, forecasts are presented for the future development of CSR, taking into account current economic and social trends, emphasizing its growing importance in corporate strategy and the potential for improving society and the environment.

Tea tourism landscape development through a sustainable alternative livelihood approach: a case study of Pedro tea estate, Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka

Tea tourism has gained traction in the tourism industry around the world as a sustainable and eco-friendly niche in agro-tourism. Sri Lanka, a significant tea-producing nation renowned for its “Ceylon Tea” brand, has the opportunity to harness tea agro-tourism as a sustainable alternative income source. This research focuses on the case of Pedro Tea Estate in Nuwara-Eliya, Sri Lanka, to examine the sustainable alternative livelihood approach in tea tourism landscape development and its impact on both the tea tourism industry and community empowerment. Tea tourism offers immersive experiences to eco-conscious travellers seeking authentic encounters with the tea production process. By integrating sustainable practices, tea tourism fosters environmental responsibility and contributes to economic development in tea-growing regions. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, tea tourism demonstrates its potential to foster economic growth, social inclusion, cultural preservation, and environmental stewardship. This study aims to demonstrate how responsible practices and community engagement can enable the tea tourism industry to thrive while safeguarding the cultural and environmental heritage of tea-growing areas. The research endeavours to inspire other tea-growing regions to adopt sustainable landscape development and community empowerment strategies, fostering a more responsible and sustainable global tea tourism industry.

Retraction Note: Assessing the performance of sustainable entrepreneurship and environmental corporate social responsibility: revisited environmental nexus from business firms.

Retraction Note: Assessing the performance of sustainable entrepreneurship and environmental corporate social responsibility: revisited environmental nexus from business firms.

СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ЯК ОСНОВА ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ІНДУСТРІЇ ГОСТИННОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ

The hospitality industry, which is experiencing a crisis in Ukraine, today needs transformation and greening of its own activities. The implementation of environmental responsibility of hospitality service providers is not just a condition for their competitiveness, but opens up a wide range of directions for the development of industry enterprises in future. The purpose of the research: to analyze the existing documents of medium and long-term planning at the regional level on individual examples, to determine promising directions for the formation of environmental responsibility of enterprises in the hospitality industry. The subject of the study: practical experience of planning and implementation of environmental responsibility among hospitality service providers at the regional level. Research methods: in the research process, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used, namely abstraction, induction and deduction, analogy and qualitative comparison, analysis of causes and consequences. Research hypothesis: the only way to ensure environmental responsibility in the field of hospitality is a conscious attitude of regional authorities and owners of enterprises providing hospitality services to existing environmental problems. The main results of the research: the analysis of publications by domestic and foreign scientists, as well as strategic and programmatic documents of regional development in Ukraine allowed to draw conclusions about the state of social responsibility in the western and eastern regions, determining that most documents lack any measures regarding the environmental responsibility of service providers hospitality Originality and practical significance of the study: the proposed tree of goals for framework development strategy of environmental responsibility is an unified tool that can be detailed according to the stage of development and financial capacity of hospitality establishments. Conclusions: the proposals presented in the course of the study regarding the formation of environmental responsibility of hospitality service providers are appropriate according to the current situation and can be used to overcome the systemic crisis in the industry, to develop its competitiveness for attraction a new domestic and foreign consumers

Global Green Economy: A Key Challenge for Achieving Environmental Stability Worldwide

This study addresses the global shift toward a green economy, a critical challenge in the context of globalization, as environmental issues continue to rank among the most urgent global concerns. While previous research has examined various environmental policies, a knowledge gap remains in understanding effective national-level strategies for transitioning to eco-friendly economic practices. The research aims to identify and evaluate these strategies, focusing on mitigation approaches for environmental challenges. Using a comparative analysis of global case studies, the study finds that adopting green policies not only enhances sustainability but also promotes economic resilience. The findings have significant implications for policymakers seeking to balance economic growth with environmental responsibility.

Addressing bee diversity through active learning methodologies enhances knowledge retention in an environmental education project

The Brazilian ecosystems harbor a significant portion of global bee diversity. Despite their magnitude as pollinators, Brazilian native bees are mainly unknown. Considering the importance of scientific literacy in fostering environmental responsibility, we analyzed the BeeDiversity project’s impact on the scientific knowledge of eight to nine-year-old students. This study outlines the challenges of implementing the BeeDiversity project as a curricular component, including live bee observation and active learning methodologies. Students’ knowledge about bees significantly improved after participating in the project. Although the students mastered the concept of the ecological role of bees as pollinators, they were unaware that this ecosystem service is operated mainly by solitary bees. Learning retention was confirmed after five months. Active learning proved more effective than traditional methods. Handling a live hive and learning about solitary bees’ pollination roles generated high enthusiasm and engagement. Therefore, focusing on educational strategies addressing bee diversity beyond the typical honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) might effectively stimulate a broad environmental consciousness.