Environmental Friendly Behavior Research Articles

Comparative analysis of energy, exergy, emission, and sustainability aspects of third generation microalgae biodiesels in a diesel engine

Third-generation biodiesel produced from various microalgae species is being researched for its production, conversion, compatibility, sustainability, and environment-friendly behaviour for the diesel engine as a replacement of conventional diesel fuel. The present work is conducted with the objective of analysing a clean, green, and sustainable microalgae biodiesel for energy, exergy, emission, and sustainability assessment in a diesel engine system, along with the evaluation of air quality in terms of emission analysis for assessing its impact on climate. The fuel samples from diesel and the three microalgae species, viz., Chlorella emersonii, Euglena sanguinea, and Spirulina, are designated as DF100, CE100, ES100, and SP100, respectively. The engine behaviour is assessed and compared at 1500 rpm under 17.5 compression ratio with 25–100 % engine load. DF100 achieves the maximum energy and energy efficiency of 32.76 % and 30.74 %, respectively, and a varied range of 27.32–30.37 % and 25.28–28.10 % with microalgae biodiesels. The air quality is improved with the reduction of PM emissions by 15.82–27.09 % at the cost of improved nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by 11.03–15.55 %. The sustainability index is highest for DF100 (1.247–1.444), and among biodiesel fuel samples, it is highest for SP100 (1.233–1.391) at all engine loads. These results point to the possibility of microalgae-derived biodiesel blends as feasible diesel fuel substitutes, providing environmentally friendly and effective solutions for internal combustion engines.

ESD 적용 경험에 따른 환경교육 강사들의 ESD 가치에 대한인식과 친환경 행동 및 PCK 차이 분석

Objectives This study analyzed whether environmental education instructors' perception of the value of ESD, their degree of practicing environment-friendly behavior, and their PCK for ESD were significantly different depending on their experience in applying ESD, and considered the implications. Methods For this purpose, the survey questions were constructed and a survey was conducted targeting environ-mental education instructors active in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from September to November 2023. Accordingly, an independent samples t test was performed on the survey data of a total of 83 environmental education in-structors using the SPSS statistical program to analyze significant differences according to ESD application experience. Results First, environmental education instructors appeared to have a very positive perception of the value of ESD, and it was analyzed that there was no significant difference depending on ESD application experience.Second, en-vironmental education instructors with ESD application experience were found to have statistically significantly higher ESD class composition ability and ESD teaching strategy ability than environmental education instructors without ESD application experience, and ESD teaching and learning environment creation ability and instructor ability. It was analyzed that there was no significant difference in professional development efforts.Third, there was no significant difference in the degree of practicing eco-friendly behavior at an individual level according to the environmental education instructors' experience in applying ESD. However, the level of practice of environ-mentally friendly behavior at a collective level among environmental education instructors with ESD application experience was found to be statistically significantly higher than that of environmental education instructors with-out ESD application experience. Conclusions However, the PCK of environmental education instructors with experience applying ESD was found to be somewhat higher than the average level. Therefore, the implications were considered that there is a need to establish a continuous and systematic governance support system so that environmental education instructors can cultivate PCK for ESD and experience various ESD-related activities.

Non-farm income and environmental efficiency of the farmers: Evidence from India

In the face of various agro-climatic shocks when agricultural income becomes highly volatile, farmers often undertake multiple jobholding and engage in non-farm activities for income smoothing. The earnings from these activities are often used to purchase productivity enhancing agricultural inputs. In this context, the impact of non-farm income on intensification of agricultural inputs and the consequent impact on over-all farm efficiency is well documented in the literature. However, with a rapid rise in usage of agricultural inputs with environmentally detrimental impact, very little is known about whether non-farm income has any impact on farmers’ environmental efficiency-ability to reduce the amount of polluting inputs to the largest extent possible without reducing the amount of agricultural production. Our study fills the gap in the literature by analysing the impact of non-farm income on environmental efficiency of the farmers. We first estimate the environmental efficiency scores adopting the non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and using a household level panel data from Village Dynamics of South Asia project on Indian states for a span of five years (2010–2014). We then estimate the impact of non-farm income on environmental efficiency using Instrumental Variable Tobit Model. Our results show that average environmental efficiency of the Indian farmers was 46 % during the study period indicating the fact that a reduction in polluting agricultural inputs by 54 % was possible without compromising the level of farm production. We also find that for 1 % increase in non-farm income, environmental efficiency of farmers rises by around 4 %. This reflects the environment friendly behaviour of farmers as a channel through which non-farm activities affect usage of environmentally linked inputs. These results provide vital policy insights in terms of how non-farm activities could be integrated with policies related to farming, in order to ensure sustainable agricultural practices.

Pro-Environmental Behaviors in Higher Education: A Contextualized Planned Behavior Perspective

Background:: Institutions of higher learning are critical avenues for addressing issues pertaining to climate stability and environmental sustainability. College students, as future leaders, can play a crucial role in solving the planet’s most pressing problems if they have the right information and a behavioral orientation that promotes positive environmental outcomes Objectives:: The current study evaluates pro-environmental behaviors potentially moderated by knowledge, attitudes, motivations, and contextual factors for college students. It also evaluates what categories of environmentally friendly behaviors students elect to engage in. Methods:: Quantitative data were collected using an online questionnaire survey. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results:: Findings show a weaker influence by most stand-alone factors but a stronger cumulative effect when all the variables are considered together. Data also indicates student’s inclinations to certain environment-friendly behaviors more than others. Conclusion:: Study findings could be used to change university sustainability policies and curricula to enhance environmental consciousness and inspire participation in green initiatives among students. The study contributes to existing literature on sustainability in higher education institutions in the United States.

How environmental perception affects players’ in-game behaviors? Towards developing games in compliance with sustainable development goals

Several research studies have pointed out that players’ in-game behaviors might be affected by different individual differences, such as player type, personality, etc. However, limited information is found about whether players’ environmental perceptions might impact their in-game behaviors towards the environment while playing. To address this research gap, this study analyzes the in-game behaviors data of 640 players within Nintendo’s Animal Crossing: New Horizons (ACNH), as well as their environmental perceptions based on the revised New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) scale, using open data sourced and adapted from Vuong et al. [53] from the Science Data Bank repository. The obtained results revealed that players’ environmental perceptions might impact their in-game behaviors, however this is not always true; the obtained results also revealed that players might behave within the game against their beliefs and perceptions just to level-up in the game. For instance, anti-anthropocentrism players, who are environment-caring, are found to harm the nature within the game. The findings of this study can help to understand how people with different environmental perceptions might behave, hence promoting ecological behaviors. Additionally, they can also help to reveal how to design games that can emphasize environment-friendly behaviors, hence helping to achieve the sustainable development goals of United Nations (UN).

Addressing Plastic Concern: Behavioral Insights into Recycled Plastic Products and Packaging in a Circular Economy

AbstractThe excessive production and use of new plastic materials pose a critical environmental challenge, and reducing its consumption has emerged as a major global hurdle. Understanding human behavior is thus essential for creating a circular economy for plastics. The study aims to gain insights into consumers' buying habits concerning recycled plastic, which has received relatively little attention in prior research on the subject of environmentally friendly consumer behavior. This study draws on the Theory of Planned Behavior to analyze the factors influencing consumer behavior regarding products and packaging made from recycled plastic. To this end, we employed a questionnaire, which was administered to 511 consumers in Italy. Results support that concerns about plastics and perceived efficacy exert a direct influence on attitudes. Additionally, our findings demonstrate that social norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control significantly shape purchasing behaviors concerning recycled plastic. The research contributes to extending the Theory of Planned Behavior model in predicting environmental-friendly behavior by adding new empirical evidence and provides valuable suggestions for companies to develop effective communication strategies and policies to redirect plastic consumption behavior towards less-impacting use of plastic.

Putting down roots: Relationships between urban forests and residents’ place attachment

Many cities seek to improve their urban forests to provide a diverse range of benefits for residents. One of these potential benefits, place attachment, is linked with its own positive outcomes including increased social cohesion, life satisfaction, and environmentally-friendly behaviour. However, it is currently unclear how urban forests relate to place attachment. This case study sought to clarify that relationship. A survey measuring residents’ place attachment, satisfaction/dissatisfaction with urban forest services/disservices respectively, perceived urban forest characteristics, and sociodemographic variables was distributed to residents of the Perth Metropolitan Area in Western Australia. The survey measured these variables at three spatial scales: residents’ homes, streets, and neighbourhoods. The 638 responses were combined with GIS datasets to calculate objective measures of average canopy cover. SEM was used to test relationships between different groups of variables and understand their relationship with place attachment. We found that place attachment was positively associated with residents’ satisfaction with key urban forest services: sense of place, social interactions encouraged by the trees, and fresh air. In turn, place attachment and satisfaction with services were associated with objective canopy cover, both directly and indirectly via perceived characteristics. An analysis of qualitative feedback from residents helped to illustrate nuances around how urban trees relate to sense of place and how the loss of trees can be a source of distress and solastalgia. As such, we recommend that actual and perceived urban forest characteristics, residents’ agency, and tree removal be adequately considered in efforts to maximise urban forest benefits.

How to Facilitate Employee's Workplace Environmental-Friendly Behavior: The Joint Impact of Green Transformational Leadership and Green Human Resource Management

How to Facilitate Employee's Workplace Environmental-Friendly Behavior: The Joint Impact of Green Transformational Leadership and Green Human Resource Management

Buyers Perception in Routine Life about Green Marketing Concept

Green Marketing is the new concept for India from last decade as going on the implementation of environmental rights for the sake of people. Producers are showing as environmental friendly behavior at public platform. In buyer oriented society, demand is the weapon of consumer which can’t be easily neglect by the producer i.e. U.S.A., Japan, Canada etc. but it is very difficult in seller oriented society due to the conventional perception of producer. Sensitiveness of consumers can play a significant role to implement eco-friendly products concept in developing countries like us. Indian consumers have diversity in perception about product uses in routine life. So, that’s why, how much Indian consumers are aware about green products and degree of implementation of their perception in routine life is remain fact finding process in India. Green marketing includes all the activities which make safer environmental sustainability from seller and buyer both points of view. As a seller point of view, green marketing activities includes design and developing eco-friendly products, recyclable and biodegradable packaging, steps of technology improvement and waste management etc.. Buyers green marketing activities follow to demand of eco-friendly products, proper uses of products, contribution in product recycle process etc.. Green marketing comes under the preview of internal and external environment of the firm. In this research paper, the main emphasis has been made of consumers’ perception about green marketing and patter to follow their perception in ordinary life. Research paper aims to find out what actually Indian consumers view about ‘green’? Keywords: Green marketing, eco-friendly products, environmental marketing, ecological marketing, consumer behavior, sustainable development

Integrating values, ascribed responsibility and environmental concern to predict customers' intention to visit green hotels: the mediating role of personal norm.

It is crucial to understand the environmental friendly behavior of tourists. The utilization of natural resources by the tourists poses a significant threat to environmental sustainability. Fostering environmental friendly practices within tourism industry will help to protect future generation. The current study will evaluate the influence of values, ascribed responsibility, environmental concern and personal norms on customers' intention to visit green hotels. Furthermore, it will assess the mediating effect of personal norms via ascribed responsibility and environmental concern. The study collected data from Data 347 customers through a questionnaire survey method. Partial least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was employed for the analysis of data. The findings indicate that values are significant factors affecting ascribed responsibility and environmental concern. Environmental concern direct impact on intention was insignificant. However, the environmental concern significantly affect intention to visit green hotels via personal norms indicating full mediating impact of personal norms.

Interplay Among Responsible Leadership, Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Towards Environment: A Study of the Indian IT Sector

The environmental degradation and consequent scarcity of resources have compelled organizations to implement strategies and policies that prioritize the attainment of a sustainable environment. The significance of employees’ pro-environment behaviour is increasingly recognized and is being promoted by organizations that focus on preserving the environment. Considering the importance of pro-environment behaviour, this study investigates the relationship among responsible leadership, corporate social responsibility (CSR) perspective and organizational citizenship behaviour towards environment (OCBE). This employee-level study adopted social cognitive theory to examine the context–behaviour framework. The data are collected from information technology (IT) professionals using a stratified sampling technique. The analysis of 503 respondents using PLS-SEM concludes that responsible leadership and CSR perspective have a positive relationship with OCBE. The study also confirms the partial mediating role of the CSR perspective in the relationship between responsible leadership and OCBE. The study identifies organizational-level contextual factors such as responsible leadership and CSR perspective that promote an environment-friendly behaviour among employees, i.e., OCBE. The paper extends the context–behaviour framework literature and highlights the benefits of OCBE in the organization.

FACTORS AFFECTING CITIZENS’ INTENTIONS TO REDUCE PLASTIC WASTE

The necessity of protecting the ecosystem is of crucial importance and requires immediate attention. The issues of pollution, waste, and the need to modify both individual and business practices have become dominant, especially in developing countries and disadvantaged nations. Identifying the key drivers that facilitate a shift towards circular economic processes and a significant transformation in citizens' environmentally-friendly behaviors is imperative. The aim of this study is to examine the recycling practices of residents in Bitola and Prilep, located in the Pelagonia region of the Republic of North Macedonia and to identify the main motivating factors for changing habits related to plastic recycling. Specifically, the study aims to increase plastic waste sorting practices and encourage the use of reverse vending machines (RVM). A survey was conducted, collecting data from 842 citizens to gain insights into their habits and intentions. Analyses of the study confirm that the most significant motivators for changing citizens' recycling practices are financial incentives, such as rewards or discounts. Additionally, the need to increase public awareness and provide greater education on recycling remains essential elements in initiatives aimed at changing citizens' behavior.

The Influence of Religious Affiliation and Church Attendance on Climate Change Awareness, Perception, and Action: The Role of Churches through Environmental Education in Nigeria

Churches can serve as platforms for environmental education, fostering a sense of responsibility towards the environment among their congregations.This study examined the influence of religious affiliation and attendance on climate change awareness, perception, action and perceived role of the church through environmental education in Nigeria. Churchgoers from Catholic, Anglican, and Pentecostal churches from the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria completed the Climate Change Awareness Questionnaire (CCAQ); Climate Change Perception Questionnaire (CCPQ); Churches’ Role Perception Scale (CRPS); and Climate Change Action Assessment Scale (CCAAS) and also provided relevant demographic information. Results of statistical analysis indicated that there was a significant difference between the religious denominations in climate change awareness, perception, action and perceived role of the church. The results also showed that more frequency of attendance to church activities was associated with increased climate change awareness, perception of climate change, climate change action, and perceived role of the church in addressing climate change. Churches must continue incorporating environmental teachings into their religious practices and advocating for environmentally-friendly behaviors among members as ways of contributing to the campaign against climate change.
 
 

Are we on the same page? Exploring the relationships between environmental values, self-identity, personal norms and behavior in parent-adolescent dyads

Environmental values, self-identity and personal norms are relevant factors predicting individuals' environmentally-friendly behaviors. These environmental motivations do not form in solitude but in social interactions, and as such could be shaped by the family context. Yet, we do not know to what extent environmental motivations among family members are related, such as between parents and their adolescent children. Adolescents in particular could potentially hold different environmental motivations than their parents because of age-specific tendencies to rebel against the norms and values of parents and to seek their own unique identity. We studied the relationships between environmental motivations and behaviors in a representative sample of 492 adolescent-parent dyads in Lithuania (N = 984). We found positive relationships between parents' and their adolescent children's environmental values, self-identity and personal norms. Furthermore, adolescents' environmental motivations were associated with parents' pro-environmental behaviors, and parents' environmental motivations were associated with adolescents' pro-environmental behaviors. The study supports and extends the accumulating evidence that environmental motivations, in particular environmental values, self-identity and personal norms, are positively related between parents and their adolescent children and can potentially predict each-others’ pro-environmental behavior.

A comprehensive review on durability improvement of solid oxide fuel cells for commercial stationary power generation systems

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are recognized as an alternative for power generation applications due to their high efficiency and environment-friendly behaviour. The electronic devices and power age could be revolutionized with the commercialization of such devices. Stationary power generation systems based on SOFCs are a step closer to commercialization due to the latest developments in the technology that promises to overcome the inherent bottleneck of high-temperature fuel cells, i.e., durability. According to the US Department of Energy (DOE), the stationary power generation system should have a lifetime of 40,000 h continuous operation. The efficiency of SOFCs is mainly dependent on their components such as anode, cathode, interconnect, and electrolyte. There are numerous factors affecting the efficiency of SOFCs that include the composition of the fuel, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the cell, and working temperature. In this paper, we have presented a comprehensive review of the recent developments to produce durable SOFCs for commercial stationary power generation systems. The review summarizes several prominent degradation mechanisms involved in the SOFC components and methods to reduce the degradation process. In addition, the methods and techniques adopted for the degradation analysis are fully demonstrated, followed by a detailed durability diagnostic through in-situ and ex-situ durability testing. The review is complemented by a lucid presentation of future research challenges and the knowledge gaps coupled with potential recommendations to fill the gaps. The new engineering designs, the material development and the new knowledge presented in this study could provide useful guidance for the key stakeholders, policymakers and power generation entities to commercially implement the application of durable SOFCs for stationary power generation.

The Influence of Green School and Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction and Environmentally Friendly Behavior

In the field of education, teachers are crucial to raising the standard of instruction. They play a crucial role in making sure that school events run well and serve as role models that pupils adore. The two main challenges educational institutions face are low job satisfaction among teachers and concerns about environmental influence. This study aims to determine the direct and indirect effects of implementing green school programs and organizational culture on job satisfaction and environmentally friendly behavior of Vocational High School (SMK) teachers. This study employs quantitative research techniques. 211 teachers responded to a questionnaire that was used togather the data. The data obtained were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. The results of the study found that green school did not affect job satisfaction, while organizational culture influenced job satisfaction. Job satisfaction affects environmentally friendly behavior. The green school does not affect environmentally friendly behavior either directly or through job satisfaction. Environmentally friendly behavior is not directly influenced by organizational culture, but it is indirectly influenced by job satisfaction. According to this study, job satisfaction can mediate the influence of organizational culture on employees' propensity to behave sustainably, but it cannot, as yet, do the same for the influence of green schools. This finding implies that in increasing the eco-friendly behavior of vocational teachers, school management needs to encourage an increase in teacher job satisfaction by paying attention to the organizational culture adopted by the school.

Factor analysis of young academician consumption behaviors toward organic food and it’s obstacles

Purpose – This research aimed to explore environmentally friendly behaviors toward organic food consumption among the young academicians dominant in the higher education environment. This study also aims to explore the obstacles in consuming organic food qualitatively. Design/methodology/approach – This research uses mix methods by combining two analytical methods. The population was academicians consuming organic food in Indonesia. This research employed the purposive sampling technique. The criteria used in this study determine the sample as young academicians who are still active in higher education, care about a health issue, and regularly buy products for daily consumption, or are called regular consumers. Primary data were collected through surveys using closed and open questionnaires. The study uses mix methods consisting of descriptive qualitative and factor analysis were used in the data analysis. Findings – The results show that the factors influencing academicians' organic food consumption are responsibility for the environment, subjective norms, information or knowledge, the impact of consumption, behavioral control, and the values oriented towards nature. However, still aspects may become obstacles in consuming organic food, namely organic product price, availability, information or knowledge, and trust. Originality/value – This research offers a study of consumption from young academics, which is not widely studied, even though young academics have an important role in environmentally-friendly behavior. This research also investigated several reasons that became obstacles to the young academician behavior of consuming organic food. Research limitation – This research has several limitations, such as the variation of the sample. Cultural differences bring consequences for differences in environmentally friendly behavior because of the values that are different. Future research can compare the consumption behavior of young academicians based on the country and cultural differences. Practical implication – Based on the findings, some practical recom­men­dations for increasing environmentally friendly consumption are made through promoting organic consumption behavior's benefits and environ­mental impacts. Environmentally friendly teaching material needs to be considered part of the learning process to improve academic knowledge. Young academician can become promotional agents to shape environ­mentally friendly consumption behavior, especially organic products. Another contribution as an agent of change in behavior in the world of education is also acting as a segmentation pattern for academic groups.

RELATIONSHIP AMONG CLIMATE CHANGE AWARENESS AND ONLINE MEDIA, ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY BELIEFS AND BEHAVIOR

Abstract
 Each year Pakistan suffers monetary set-back and loss of precious lives due to climate change and related catastrophes. Global Climate Risk Report (2021) declared Pakistan to be amongst the top 10 countries to be most affected by climate change and the very next year the country got hit by mega floods. Citizen’s awareness about issues faced by a nation help towards resolution of those issues. Right to a healthy environment and right to information regarding issues of society are considered fundamental. Awareness regarding climate change is the right of every Pakistani so they realize the magnitude of this problem. Green awareness has the potential to make an impression on citizens and help tackle issues related to climate change. Awareness can reach citizens through several ways, including online media which enjoys vast penetration in Pakistan. According to Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (2023) 54% of Pakistani population have broadband connections and 53% have mobile broadband connectivity which provides an opportunity to impart awareness. Green awareness through online media has positive impacts on environmental beliefs and behavior of citizens. Data coming from 1420 university students of Punjab revealed various associations tested with Pearson Chi-Square. Results indicated association between online media usage of citizens and green awareness. Additionally, awareness carried a positive association with pro-environment beliefs of respondents. Positive association was also found between green awareness and pro-environment behavior of respondents.
 Keywords: citizen participation, climate change, basic human rights, awareness through online media, pro-environment beliefs, environment-friendly behavior, pro-environment online engagement.

Incidental news exposure and opinion leader’s role in spreading climate change information and environment-friendly behavior on social media

Social media is the primary medium for disseminating information, including global topics such as climate change. The topic of climate change is related to the community's application of environmentally friendly habits. Social media and social media users have their characteristics in disseminating information about climate change compared to other media. Social media allows a user to be accidentally exposed to the information referred to as incidental news exposure. In addition, in disseminating information, opinion leaders have a role in disseminating information to social media users. This study aims to determine the role of opinion leaders and incidental news exposure in disseminating information about climate change. This research is a case study involving fourteen participants divided into two Focused-Group Discussion (FGD) groups. After carrying out the FGD, the results of the participants' discussions were analyzed using the diffusion of innovation theory, in which there are elements of the spread of an innovation consisting of the innovation, communication channel, time, and social system. The study results show that incidental news exposure and opinion leaders play a role in disseminating information about climate change and environmentally friendly habits. Incidental news exposure and opinion leaders can be part of disseminating information with the diffusion of innovation theory approach.

Pro-Environmental Behavior of Religious Tourists: Moderating Role of Religious Beliefs

While providing economic benefits, tourism also contributes to environmental problems. Besides regulatory measures to mitigate tourism’s impact on the environment, voluntary changes in the behavior of tourists are needed to encourage environment-friendly behavior. This research examines religious tourists’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB) by using the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory and the concept of religious beliefs. Data were collected through on-site and online surveys of 391 tourists who visited religious destinations and analyzed using partial least squares (PLS)-structural equation modeling. The results confirmed the relationships between tourists’ values, beliefs, and personal norms that predicted PEB. This study also found that religious beliefs strengthen the effect of personal norms on PEB. This research contributes to improving the understanding of religious tourists’ PEB and offers suggestions for destination management organizations (DMOs), religious center authorities, and policymakers to encourage the PEB of tourists in religious destinations.